Hasil untuk "kesehatan"

Anggi Lukman Wicaksana, Renny Wulan Apriliyasari, Pei-Shan Tsai

Abstract Background Loneliness is more pronounced in individuals with diabetes; however, limited studies have investigated loneliness and its risk factors. This study estimated the pooled prevalence of loneliness and identified its risk factors in individuals with diabetes. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was conducted. CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from their inception to September 22, 2023. We systematically searched and analyzed 10 studies involving 6036 individuals with diabetes to determine the pooled prevalence of loneliness. Five studies provided information on risk factors. Using a random-effects model, we calculated prevalence rates and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results The overall prevalence of loneliness was 31.1% and severe loneliness was 4.6%. White race, lower education level, middle income, low income, longer diabetes duration, lower cognitive function, living alone, previous loneliness experience, and depression were identified as significant risk factors for loneliness in individuals with diabetes. Conclusion Over 30% of individuals with diabetes experience loneliness. Several sociodemographic factors, low cognitive function, and depression are risk factors for loneliness.

Sushanty Anjarwani, wahyuni, Aric Vranada et al.

Background:The increasing number of malignant cancer patients makes end-of-life care an inseparable element of nursing services. The concept of peaceful end-of-life is very popular , but it is complex and abstract. Understanding the concept of peaceful end-of-life helps professional nurses improve the quality of care outcomes for patients suffering from terminal or life-threatening illnesses.  Objective:The researcher's goal was to clarify and clarify the understanding of the concept of peaceful end-of-life in end-stage cancer patients using the approach of Walker and Avant (2005).  Methods: This concept analysis was conducted using the eight steps proposed by Walker and Avant. Results:Attributes of peaceful end-of-life in advanced cancer patients include: freedom from pain, a feeling of comfort, acceptance of the disease, and the presence and support of those closest to them. Antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents are explained. Model cases, related cases, threshold cases, and conflicting cases are illustrated to further clarify the concepts.  Conclusion: Four attributes are interconnected and play a role in forming a complete state of peace for terminal cancer patients according to Walker & Avant's analytical approach.

Biomechy Oktomalioputri, Noverial Noverial, Dwisari Dillasamola et al.

Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat Desa Salak melalui revitalisasi MCK komunal ramah lingkungan. MCK komunal sebelumnya berada dalam kondisi rusak dan dialihfungsikan, sehingga tidak digunakan sebagai sarana sanitasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Participatory Action Research dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Tahapan pelaksanaan meliputi observasi lapangan, identifikasi masalah, perencanaan kegiatan, perbaikan MCK, serta sosialisasi dan edukasi Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, diskusi kelompok terarah (FGD), serta dokumentasi., Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa MCK yang sebelumnya kotor, rusak, tanpa akses air dan listrik, serta dialihfungsikan menjadi gudang, berhasil direvitalisasi menjadi fasilitas yang layak pakai dan ramah lingkungan. Kegiatan dilengkapi dengan sosialisasi PHBS untuk meningkatkan kepedulian masyarakat terhadap pemeliharaan fasilitas. Kesimpulannya, revitalisasi MCK komunal berkontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan derajat kesehatan masyarakat sekaligus membangun kesadaran kolektif untuk pemeliharaan berkelanjutan. Rekomendasi kegiatan selanjutnya adalah memperkuat peran masyarakat dan pemerintah desa dalam monitoring serta edukasi berkelanjutan, sehingga fasilitas dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal dalam jangka panjang. 

Farida, Yitno, Poppy Farasari

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires care from family members. Care for diabetes mellitus clients in the family can be influenced, among other things, by support and participation from other family members so that blood sugar levels canbe controlled. Purpose: The aim of this research is to determine family support in caring for family members with diabetes mellitus with problems with blood sugar levels in Karangrejo Village, Tulungagung Regency. Method: The research design used Correlational Analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The research population was diabetes sufferers in Karangrejo Village, Tulungagung Regency,totaling 92 people and the research sample was diabetes sufferers in Karangrejo Village, Tulungagung Regency with a total of 92 respondents selected using total sampling techniques. The research instrument is a questionnaire and data processing is carried out through editing, coding, scoring, tabulation, while data analysis uses the Spearman rho test. Results: The results of the study showed that the majority of respondents with good family support had normal blood sugar levels, namely 60 respondents (76%), while respondents with less family support had high blood sugar levels, namely 28 people (63%). The statistical test results showed that the ρ value was 0.002 with α 0.05, meaning that there was a relationship between family support in caring for family members suffering from diabetes mellitus in Karangrejo Village, Tulungagung District. Conclusion: Family members need to be aware of and provide support for family members who suffer from diabetes mellitus to reduce blood sugar levels, so that blood sugar levels are controlled.

Yohanes Thianika Budiarsa, Wildan Namora Ichsan Setiawan, S. Rouli Manalu et al.

Jika dibandingkan dengan provinsi lain di Indonesia, akun X Pemerintah Provinsi (Pemprov) DKI Jakarta (@DKIJakarta) paling banyak membuat cuitan terkait program vaksinasi booster. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi dalam promosi kesehatan program vaksinasi booster oleh pemerintah provinsi melalui X. Metode campuran yaitu kombinasi antara analisis tematik dan analisis isi kuantitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis 74 tweets yang diunggah oleh akun X Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat, DI Yogyakarta, dan Bali pada periode Januari hingga Juni 2022. Data cuitan akun X provinsi-provinsi tersebut dianalisis menggunakan kerangka pemikiran fungsi microblogging yaitu information, community, dan action. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari tiga fungsi microblogging, tidak ada pemerintah provinsi yang menerapkan tiga fungsi sekaligus dalam produksi pesan promosi kesehatan mereka dan tidak ada satu pun dari keempat pemprov tersebut yang menerapkan fungsi komunitas. Pemprov DKI Jakarta dan Jawab Barat menerapkan fungsi informasi dan action, sedangkan pemprov Bali dan Yogyakarta hanya menerapkan fungsi informasi. Compared to other provinces in Indonesia, the X account of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government (@DKIJakarta) posted the most tweets related to the booster vaccination program. This study aims to identify communication strategies for health promotion of the booster vaccination program by provincial governments through X. A mixed-method approach, combining thematic analysis and quantitative content analysis, was used to analyze 74 tweets uploaded by the X accounts of the provincial governments of DKI Jakarta, West Java, Yogyakarta Special Region, and Bali between January and June 2022. The tweets were analyzed using the microblogging function framework: information, community, and action. The findings reveal that none of the provincial governments applied all three microblogging functions simultaneously in their health promotion messages and none of the four provincial governments employed the community function. DKI Jakarta and West Java utilized the information and action functions, while Bali and Yogyakarta only applied the information function.

Ninik Ambar Sari, Sri Anik Rustini, Merina Widyastuti et al.

Choking is the entry of a foreign object into the throat or respiratory tract. This is a dangerous condition that can happen to anyone. In cases of choking in children, the initial treatment that can be done is back blows and chest thrusts. This activity was carried out to provide Health Education to students and teachers at SDN Gisik Cemandi Sidoarjo, as well as to gain skills in helping children and the community in their environment if a child experiences a choking incident. The implementation method is carried out in the form of a lecture using power points, posters with pictures of signs of choking, and how to handle it independently, and the Heimlich Maneuver. The results of the activity were that participants received information and increased their knowledge regarding the signs of choking, and how to handle it independently as well as the Heimlich Maneuver to students and teachers at SDN Gisik Cemandi Sidoarjo on November 11, 2023. The results of the socialization on handling emergency choking carried out at SDN Gisik Cemandi Sidoarjo were considered effective so that students and teachers are able to provide first aid in cases of choking.

Lilik Supriati, Renny Nova, Ahsan Ahsan et al.

The meaning of life is considered to affect breast cancer patients positively. Finding meaning in life is key to improving well-being during and after experiencing a traumatic event such as cancer. Previous research was still rare to explore the factors affecting the meaning of life in breast cancer patients. The study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the meaning of life of breast cancer patients.  This study was an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional design. The inclusion criteria of the respondents were breast cancer patients who had obtained at least one cycle of chemotherapy. We used purposive sampling, and the total sample in this study was 135 respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect the data. Data were analysed by multivariate test, namely a linear regression test with a significance level of p ≤ 0,05. The result showed only two variables affect the meaning of life, communication of health workers and spirituality, respectively. The strongest variable was the communication of health workers.  The equation from the analysis showed that 11 % explained the phenomenon. The spirituality and communication of health workers positively affected the meaning of life. Application of therapeutic communication as well as spiritual support are needed in nurses to patients while undergoing therapy. Therefore, nurses must pay attention to spirituality and good therapeutic communication when providing patient services.

Andre Stefanus Panggabean, Ismail Setyopranoto, Arjanto Ramadian Wicaksono et al.

Uncontrolled and unsafe use of pesticides can lead to acute and chronic toxicity in farmers, with neuropathy being one of the most common symptoms of chronic toxicity. However, the effects of this toxicity on farmers' electroneuromyography (ENMG) are still unclear. To address this, we conducted a cross-sectional study from July to October 2017 in Ngablak District, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. Eligible farmers who were exposed to pesticides underwent electrophysiology examinations, as well as additional tests such as physical examination and laboratory testing. We collected general information such as age and work history by interview. In total, 64 farmers were included in this study. Out of these, 44 farmers were found to have polyneuropathy, with 41 of them having motor polyneuropathy and 19 of them having sensory polyneuropathy. Our findings showed that low blood cholinesterase was associated with distal latency prolongation (p-value: 0.014). The group exposed to organophosphate/carbamate pesticides was also significantly associated with prolonged distal latency (p-value: 0.012). However, motor polyneuropathy was significantly associated with chronic exposure to organophosphate/carbamate pesticides (p-value: 0.009) and not with low blood cholinesterase levels (p-value: 0.454). The study concludes that chronic exposure to organophosphate or carbamate pesticides could result in polyneuropathy disease, particularly in the motor system.

Rachma Purwanti

Abstract. Sustainable good health and well being is spesific 3rd goal of SDGs. Reproductive women health is one of key for obtaining it. Women of reproductive age with CED during pregnancy can have an impact on herself such as increasing the risk of anemia, bleeding, and infection. The results of RISKESDAS 2018 shows that prevalence of CED on non-pregnant woman in Semarang as many as 19,12%. Based on the observation, result on female college students aged 18-25 in Tembalang shows that 33,3% female college students are underweight.Objective: The aim of this programme is to increase knowledge for female college students about CED and awareness about the importance of maintaining a healthy diet to prevent CED. Methods: Subjects were 30 female college students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were selected by snowball sampling method. There were 4 subjects who couldn’t participate in Tauge and 7 subjects who couldn’t participate in Kacang. The data obtained are primary and secondary data which are qualitative data. The methods used during the programme are filling out the questionnaire, interviews, education, counseling, focus group discussion and questions-answers. Results: The results of this programme shows 26 of 30 subjects who contribute in Tahu Gizi Lewat Edukasi (Tauge) have knowledge improvement and as many as 74% of subjects from 23 subjects who contribute in Konseling Anti Canggung (Kacang) have a good MDD-W score. However, the level of change in behaviour haven’t met its target.Conclusion and Suggestion: There is an increase in awareness and knowledge of the risk of CED also subjects’ willingness on implementing pedoman gizi seimbang after the programme. This findings calls for further adaptation by future researchers in collaboration with community health center’s nutritionists as well as student organizations. Abstrak. Latar Belakang: Sustainable good health and well being merupakan tujuan ke-3 dari SDGs. Kesehatan pada wanita usia subur menjadi salah satu kunci pencapaian tujuan tersebut. Wanita Usia Subur yang mengalami KEK selama kehamilan dapat meningkatkan risiko anemia, perdarahan, dan infeksi. Hasil Riskesdas tahun 2018 menunjukkan prevalensi risiko KEK pada wanita tidak hamil di Kota Semarang sebesar 19,12%. Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan pada mahasiswi usia 18-25 tahun di Tembalang dan sekitarnya diperoleh informasi bahwa sekitar 33,3% mahasiswi mengalami underweight. Tujuan: Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan mahasiswi terkait KEK dan juga meningkatkan kesadaran mahasiswi terkait pentingnya menjaga pola makan untuk mencegah KEK.  Metode: Subjek terdiri dari 30 mahasiswi sesuai kriteria inklusi eksklusi yang dipilih dengan metode snowball sampling. Terdapat 4 subjek yang tidak mengikuti kegiatan Tauge (Tahu Gizi Lewat Edukasi) dan 7 subjek tidak mengikuti kegiatan Kacang. Data yang diperoleh adalah data primer dan data sekunder yang berupa data kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan selama program berlangsung adalah pengisian kuesioner, wawancara, edukasi, konseling, diskusi, dan tanya jawab. Hasil: Hasil dari pelaksanaan program ini adalah sebanyak 26 dari 30 mahasiswi yang mengikuti kegiatan Tauge mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan dan sebanyak 74% subjek dari 23 mahasiswi memiliki variasi makan yang baik dilihat dari hasil skor MDD-W ≥ 5. Namun, untuk tingkat perilaku masih belum memenuhi target. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Adanya peningkatan kesadaran dan pengetahuan terhadap risiko KEK serta kemauan subjek untuk berkomitmen dalam menerapkan pedoman gizi seimbang setelah mengikuti program Ketoprak Mama. Disarankan program ini dapat diadaptasi oleh peneliti selanjutnya dan berkolaborasi dengan ahli gizi puskesmas dan organisasi mahasiswa.

Agnes Purba, Netti Meilani Simanjuntak, Rinawati Sembiring

Childbirth can sometimes cause anxiety in pregnant women, especially in the third trimester. Pregnant women are worried about whether the baby is normal or not, the pain that will be felt and the delivery is normal or not. In order to facilitate pregnant women to go through their anxiety without complications, there are currently many being given care using lavender aromatherapy. Lavender contains substances that relax pregnant women, thereby eliminating anxiety. An initial survey conducted at PMB Erni Atika Sari, there were 19 pregnant women who said that they had anxiety in the third trimester of pregnancy, especially in the face of childbirth. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of lavender aromatherapy on the anxiety of pregnant women in the third trimester. This research was conducted with a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group design. The research location is PMB Erni Atika Sari and PMB Lismawati. The sample is primigravida third trimester pregnant women with saturated sampling with a total of 40 people. The results showed that there was an effect of giving lavender aromatherapy on the anxiety of primigravida pregnant women in the third trimester (p = 0.000). For this reason, it is expected that pregnant women can use lavender therapy as a complementary therapy that provides a relaxing effect so that it can reduce the anxiety of pregnant women facing childbirth.

Ade Saputra Nasution

Merokok sudah menjadi kebutuhan dan gaya hidup masyarakat Indonesia, rokok menimbulkan banyak permasalahan bagi perokok itu sendiri bahkan lebih berisiko pada orang yang tidak merokok tapi menghirup asap rokok (perokok pasif). Permasalahan rokok di Indonesia masih menjadi perhatian dari pemerintah namun masih tingginya angka perokok dimulai dari anak-anak, remaja, dewasa dan lansia, perilaku merokok tidak memandang jenis kelamin bahkan berdasarkan hasil riskesdas perilaku merokok yang kenaikannya sangat besar terjadi pada perempuan. Perilaku merokok ini sangat membahayakan kesehatan maka dari itu perlu dilakukan sebuah upaya untuk mengurangi perilaku merokok maupun dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat rokok baik bagi perokok aktif maunpun perokok pasif. Upaya yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian masyarakat adalah upaya promotif yaitu penyuluhan KUTARO (lingkungan tanpa rokok) dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk peduli terhadap kesehatan dan lingkungan, upaya selanjutnya yaitu upaya preventif seperti penanaman lidah mertua yang berfungsi untuk mengikat radikal bebas yang berasal dari asap rokok yang ada di udara, dan demo pembuatan pudding mangga yang memiliki kandungan antioksidan, dimana antioksidan dapat mengikat radikal bebas yang masuk ke tubuh supaya tidak merusak organ dan kegiatan ini juga bermanfaat untuk menambah usaha masyarakat sehingga ada peningkatan status ekonomi. Kata Kunci: Rokok, Promotif, Preventif ABSTRACT Smoking has become a necessity and lifestyle of the people of Indonesia, cigarettes cause many problems for smokers themselves are even more risky for people who do not smoke but inhale cigarette smoke (passive smokers). The problem of smoking in Indonesia is still a concern of the government, but the high number of smokers starting from children, adolescents, adults and the elderly, smoking behavior does not look at gender even based on the results of risk smoking behavior that a very large increase occurred in women. This smoking behavior is very dangerous to health and therefore needs to be done an effort to reduce smoking behavior and the effects caused by smoking for both active smokers and passive smokers. Efforts made in community service are promotive efforts, namely counseling KUTARO(Lingkungan Tanpa Rokok/Environment Without Cigarettes) with the aim to increase public awareness to care for health and the environment, further efforts are preventive efforts such as planting in-law's tongue which functions to bind free radicals originating from cigarette smoke in the air, and the demonstration of making mango pudding that has antioxidant content, where antioxidants can bind free radicals that enter the body so as not to damage organs and this activity is also beneficial to increase community efforts so that there is an increase in economic status. Keywords: cigarette, promotive, preventive

Rachman Setiawan, Endang Sri Lestari, Jojok Mukono et al.

Introduction: One of the promotive and preventive efforts in the prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease in primary health care is a health services environment that includes counseling, inspection and intervention of environmental health. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Environmental health services in the primary health care against the prevention of Pulmonary TB disease in Regency of Banyuwangi. Method: This research was observational descriptive design of study cross-ssectional. The study population was the primary health care in districy of Banyuwangi and a large sample of 6 primary health care. The determination of the study sample by using purposive sampling based on criteria of results Assessment of Performance of primary health care (PKP) services and programs environmental health in primary health cares and numbers Case Notification Rate (CNR) at the top of the East Java Province. Processing and analysis of data using a scoring system based on the scale of the theoretically grouped in the category of good, enough, less. The data is then interpreted descriptively. Result and Discussion: The Program of health service in the prevention of the disease is said to be effective when the probability of >50.00%. The results showed the probability of the effectiveness of the environmental health services in the Primary Health Care of Klatak of 77.00%. The Primary Health Care of Mojopanggung, Sobo, and Kabat respectively 78.80%, Primary Health Care of Gitik by 64.20% and the Primary Health Care of Songgon 49.50%. Human resources at the Primary Health Care of Songgon not competent. The Primary Health Care of Gitik and Songgon not planning activities. The achievement of the output in all the primary health care less, it is because of the lack of commitment of the implementers and the coordination of cross-program not running. Conclusion: There are 5 primary health cares service programs environmental health in the prevention of Pulmonary TB effective that the Primary Health Care of Klatak, Mojopangung, Sobo, Kabat and Gitik while at the Primary Health Care of Songgon is not effective. The effectiveness of services and programs environmental health in TB patients is influenced by policies, human resources, infrastructure, planning and coordination across the program.

MT Ghozali, Ingenida Hadning, Aji Winanta

Health Information System (HIS) is an important component of a country's health system. HIS is the main part of the National Health System, which is used as a pillar in health-oriented development. The structured and conceptual information system produces good outcomes and prevents people from the blindness of health matters. Information technology develops rapidly and impacts most of all aspects of life, including health information. Current technological developments play an important role as a media for millennial people or health professionals to get information about health information and epidemiology in their own region. This program aimed to train health cadres in each region of the Tijayan Manisrenggo Village, Klaten, Central Java, in addition to creating an electronic health profile and epidemiology map of the village and then presenting the profile interactively and educatively. The main targets of this program were health cadres in each region of the Tijayan Village, including Bawangan, Candran, Pogaten, and Sorobayan. Some main activities to achieve the objectives included collecting health data obtained through surveys or censuses and data already available in the health data center of the village, counseling procedures for creating an electronic health profile and epidemiology map, as well as training in the interactive and educative presentation of public health information data. This program helped complete the health profile and increase the quality of health information system in the partner villages.

Asep Hermawan

Equal distributions of physicians, nurses and midwives are the successful key to achieve the 12 public health indicators set by the World Health Organization. This study is to measure physicians, nurses and midwives inequality in Indonesia, 2013. Data for health workforce are obtained from routine data by the Board for Development and Empowerment of Human Resources for Health, 2013, and population data from Appendix 1 Books Code and Region Administration Data by Province, districs/cities and all Indonesian Sub-district, Ministry of Internal Affairs. Ratio per Population, Gini Index and Lorenz’s curve were used to analyze the inequality distribution of health workers. The fi ndings showed the ratio of midwives and nurses/100,000 population had met The National Medium Term Development Plan 2010-2014 target. However, the doctors were still far from the target. Analysis by Gini Index indicated the distribution of midwives is better than other health workers. The Nusa Tenggara Region has the highest inequality compared to other regions for doctors, nurses and midwives. By administrative, municipital are more equitable to all types of health workers. Regarding the status of underdeveloped areas, remote borders and islands (DTPK), The Non-DTPK areas are more evenly distributed compared to the DTPK. Ratio per population some health workers are suffi cient though are not distributed well. The distribution of health personnel should not merely use the ratio per population. The other distribution index such as the Gini Index and other distribution measures will provide better policy options.   Abstrak Distribusi dokter, perawat dan bidan yang merata merupakan salah satu kunci sukses untuk mencapai 12 indikator kesehatan masyarakat yang ditetapkan World Health Organization. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan pemerataan tenaga dokter, perawat dan bidan di Indonesia pada 2013. Sumber data tenaga kesehatan (dokter perawat dan bidan) diperoleh dari data rutin Badan Pengembangan dan Pendayagunaan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan (BPPSDMK) 2013. Data jumlah penduduk diperoleh dari Lampiran 1 Buku Induk Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan per Provinsi, Kabupaten/Kota dan Kecamatan Seluruh Indonesia milik Kementerian Dalam Negeri. Untuk menilai inequality distribusi tenaga kesehatan menggunakan rasio/populasi, Gini Index dan Kurva Lorenz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio bidan dan perawat/100.000 penduduk sudah memenuhi target RPJMN 2010-2014, sedangkan dokter masih jauh dari target. Analisis dengan Gini Index menunjukkan bahwa distribusi bidan lebih dibandingkan tenaga kesehatan lainnya. Regional Nusa Tenggara memiliki inequality tenaga yang tertinggi dibandingkan regional lainnya baik untuk dokter, perawat, dan bidan. Secara administratif, kota cenderung lebih merata untuk semua jenis tenaga kesehatan. Berdasarkan status daerah tertinggal, perbatasan dan kepulauan (DTPK), daerah non DTPK cenderung lebih merata dibandingkan DTPK. Walaupun secara rasio per populasi sebagian tenaga kesehatan sudah mencukupi namun tidak terdistribusi dengan baik. Penilaian distribusi tenaga kesehatan seharusnya tidak hanya menggunakan rasio tenaga per populasi saja, penggunaan ukuran indeks distribusi lain seperti Gini Index dan ukuran distribusi lain akan dapat memberi opsi kebijakan lebih baik.

Irwansyah Reza Mohamad

As a result of the violation of Human Rights ( HAM ) in the health care field can cause harm to people who are in desperate need of adequate provision of health services, so that the necessary law enforcement efforts against violators in health services for the community. It is intended to assure the protection of the public with regard to the violation of the right to obtain health care. In the health sector the perpetration of these violations of human rights can involve leaders of health care facilities or health workers who practice or work in health care facilities as opposed to health care legislation. This research aims to determine the result of the violation of human right in health care, so that the right to health is not achieved and law enforcement against infringement in terms of aspects of health care human rights. The specific objective is to determine the laws governing the right to obtain medical care and enforcement of violations in health care. Akibat terjadinya pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) di bidang pelayanan kesehatan dapat menimbulkan kerugian bagi masyarakat yang sangat membutuhkan pemenuhan pelayanan kesehatan yang memadai, sehingga diperlukan upaya penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku pelanggaran dalam pelayanan kesehatan bagi masyarakat. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan jaminan perlindungan bagi masyarakat berkaitan dengan pelanggaran atas hak untuk memperoleh kesehatan. Di bidang kesehatan terjadinya perbuatan pelanggaran hak-hak asasi manusia dapat melibatkan pimpinan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan atau tenaga kesehatan yang melakukan praktik atau pekerjaan pada fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang bertentangan dengan undang-undang kesehatan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan akibat terjadinya pelanggaran hak asasi manusia dalam pelayanan kesehatan, sehingga pemenuhan hak atas kesehatan tidak tercapai dan penegakan hukum terhadap pelanggaran dalam pelayanan kesehatan ditinjau dari aspek hak asasi manusia dan tujuan khususnya yaitu untuk mengetahui peraturan perundang-undangan mengatur mengenai hak dalam memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan dan penegakan terhadap pelanggaran dalam pelayanan kesehatan.

Irmawati Irmawati, Lily Kresnowati, Edy Susanto et al.

ABSTRACT Occupational health and safety is not only important for medical record officers but also can support work productivity. Health and safety of a good medical record worker will have a positive impact on work productivity of medical recorder so that will improve health service and benefit to hospital. Occupational risk can result in the decrease of work productivity, so efforts should be made to minimize the occurrence of the impact of occupational risk. Health and safety is intended to prevent, reduce, protect and even eliminate the risk of work accident (zero accident). Behavior of medical recorder filing section in work is one of the causes of risk of work accident, namely unsafe action and unsafe condition. Therefore it is necessary to conduct research on health and safety of medical records officer. To know health and safety of medical record employee of filing department at RSUD Banyumas based on human factor, work equipment factor, and work environment factor. This research type is case study with qualitative approach and cross sectional research design. The subject of this research is the medical recorder of the filing department of RSUD Banyumas while the object of the research is health and safety. Technique of collecting data by way of division of questioner, interview, observation, and study documentation. Data analysis techniques use reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The technique of data validity by means of technique triangulation.       The results of this study indicate that the health and safety of medical record officer filing section seen from human factors, work equipment factors, and work environment factors. In Human Factors knowledge recorder filing Health and Safety (K3) is good enough. In environmental factors temperature and humidity are in accordance with the standard, while for lighting need to be a contrast setting light so as not too dim and too bright. On the work equipment factor need maintenance, repair, improvement, replacement, and addition as needed, while for shelf filing integrated mental health needs to be replaced so as not to harm filing officer. ABSTRAK Kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja tidak hanya penting bagi petugas rekam medis tetapi juga dapat menunjang produktivitas kerja. Kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja petugas rekam medis yang baik akan berdampak positif terhadap produktivitas kerja petugas rekam medis sehingga akan meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan dan menguntungkan bagi rumah sakit. Risiko kecelakaan kerja dapat menimbulkan turunnya produktivitas kerja, sehingga perlu dilakukan usaha untuk meminimalisasi terjadinya dampak risiko kecelakaan kerja. Kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja dimaksudkan untuk mencegah, mengurangi, melindungi bahkan menghilangkan resiko kecelakaan kerja (zero accident). Perilaku petugas rekam medis bagian filing dalam bekerja merupakan salah satu penyebab risiko terjadinya kecelakaan kerja, yaitu unsafe action dan unsafe condition. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja petugas rekam medis.Tujuan Penelitian adalah Mengetahui kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja petugas rekam medis bagian filing di RSUD Banyumas berdasarkan faktor manusia, faktor peralatan kerja, dan faktor lingkungan kerja. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dan rancangan penelitian secara cross sectional. Subjek penelitian ini adalah petugas rekam medis bagian filing RSUD Banyumas sedangkan objek penelitiannya adalah kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja. Teknik pengambilan data dengan cara pembagian kuisioner, wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan editing, verifikasi organizing, analizing dan tabulasi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja petugas rekam medis bagian filing berdasarkan faktor manusia, peralatan kerja, dan lingkungan kerja. Pada Faktor manusia pengetahuan petugas rekam medis bagian filing menganai Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) sudah cukup baik. Pada Faktor lingkungan suhu belum sesuai standar,kelembapan sudah sesuai dengan standar,sedangkan untuk pecahayan perlu adanya pengaturan kontras cahaya agar tidak terlalu redup dan terlalu terang.  Pada faktor peralatan kerja perlu pemeliharaan, perbaikan, peningkatan, penggantian, dan penambahan sesuai kebutuhan ,sedangkan untuk rak filing kesehatan jiwa terpadu perlu dilakukan penggantian agar tidak membahayan petugas filing.

Siti Jubaidah, Eka Siswanto, Heri Wijaya et al.

Bawang dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L). Merr.) adalah salah satu jenis tumbuhan yang berkhasiat sebagai obat. Salah satu senyawa yang cukup banyak pada ekstrak etanol bawang dayak adalah flavonoid, sehingga dapat dilakukan pemisahan senyawa flavonoid dengan metode purifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar flavonoid ekstrak terpurifikasi umbi bawang dayak dengan beberapa cara pengeringan secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan untuk mengetahui cara pengeringan yang menghasilkan kadar flavonoid paling tinggi. Cara pengeringan simplisia umbi bawang dayak adalah dengan sinar matahari langsung selama 6 jam (P1), pengeringan menggunakan oven dengan suhu ± 60ºC selama 6 jam (P2), pengeringan dengan cara ditutup dengan kain hitam (P3). Ekstrak terpurifikasi dibuat dengan mengekstraksi serbuk simplisia umbi bawang dayak dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%, kemudian dilakukan purifikasi bertahap dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksan. Uji kadar flavonoid ekstrak terpurifikasi umbi bawang dayak dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil yang diperoleh dari data spektrofotometri UV-Vis adalah kadar flavonoid ekstrak terpurifikasi umbi bawang dayak pada pengeringan sinar matahari (P1) 0,79%, pengeringan oven dengan suhu ± 600C (P2) 1,57% dan pengeringan ditutup dengan kain hitam (P3) 1,02%. Tes LSD menunjukkan (P<0,05) ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar flavonoid dengan perbedaan cara pengeringan.

N. Utami, Nayla Alawiya

Abstract             Traditional health services in Indonesia have been regulated in the legislation, namely in Law no. 36 of 2009. It is about health and has been regulated more detail in Government Regulation no. 103 of 2014. The regulation determines that traditional health services are divided into three types: empirical, complementary and integration. However, there is a difference in the right between traditional and complementary empirical health services and integration, so the degree of legal protection is different. This study uses normative juridical methods. The results of the study indicate that the level of legal protection against empirical traditional health services is lower than complementary and integrated. This is evidenced by the absence of the right to obtain legal protection for traditional empirical health services and the legality of traditional empirical health services is only evidenced by the Registered Traditional Hygiene  while complementary and integration are evidenced by the Registration Letter of Traditional Health License and Practice License Traditional Health Workers.   Keywords: Rights and Legality; Traditional Health Services; Legal protection   Abstrak Pelayanan kesehatan tradisional di Indonesia telah diatur dalam tataran undang-undang, yakni dalam Undang-Undang No. 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan dan diatur secara lebih rinci dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No. 103 Tahun 2014. Peraturan tersebut menentukan bahwa pelayanan kesehatan tradisional dibagi menjadi tiga jenis, yakni: empiris, komplementer dan integrasi. Akan tetapi, terdapat perbedaan dalam hak antara pelayanan kesehatan tradisional empiris dengan komplementer dan integrasi, sehingga tingkat perlindungan hukumnya menjadi berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunaan metode yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat perlindungan hukum terhadap pelayanan kesehatan tradisional empiris lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan komplementer dan integrasi. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan tidak adanya hak memperoleh perlindungan hukum bagi pelayanan kesehatan tradisional empiris dan legalitas pelayanan kesehatan tradisional empiris hanya dibuktikan dengan Surat Terdaftar Penyehat Tradisional (STPT) sedangkan komplementer dan integrasi dibuktikan dengan Surat Tanda Registrasi Tenaga Kesehatan Tradisional (STRTKT) dan Surat Izin Praktik Tenaga Kesehatan Tradisional (SIPTKT).   Kata kunci: Hak dan Legalitas; Pelayanan Kesehatan Tradisional; Perlindungan Hukum

D. Prasanti

Health literacy becomes important to have in the communication process that occurs at this time. In this digital era, we can access a variety of information easily. It is undeniable that if some sort of information that we get is a hoax information. One of this information relating to the health sector, namely in the use of traditional medicine in the digital age.In this study, researcher are interes ted to raise the research on health literacy as an effort to prevent hoax information in the use of traditional medicine in the digital age. Especially considering that the use of traditional medicine is also becoming crowded spread in the internet and social media. Researcher want to know how health literacy as an effort to prevent hoax information in the use of traditional medicine in the digital age. Results of research have shown that health literacy is regarded as prevention efforts in the face of a hoax information about the use of traditional medicines, which include: (1) the selection of media in the information needs of health care; (2) determination of the source of reference in cross check the accuracy of information about the health of the traditional medicine; (3) health right decision in using the traditional medicine.Literasi kesehatan menjadi hal yang penting dimiliki dalam proses komunikasi yang terjadi saat ini. Pada era digital ini, kita dapat mengakses berbagai macam informasi dengan mudah. Tak dapat dimungkiri jika sebagian informasi yang kita dapatkan pun adalah informasi hoax. Salah satunya informasi yang berkaitan dengan bidang kesehatan, yaitu dalam penggunaan obat tradisional di era digital. Peneliti mengangkat penelitian tentang literasi kesehatan sebagai upaya pencegahan informasi hoax dalam penggunaan obat tradisional di era digital. Apalagi mengingat bahwa penggunaan obat tradisional pun kian ramai menyebar dalam internet dan media sosial. Peneliti ingin mengetahui literasi kesehatan sebagai upaya pencegahan informasi hoax dalam penggunaan obat tradisional di era digital. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa literasi kesehatan memang dikatakan sebagai upaya pencegahan dalam menghadapi informasi hoax tentang penggunaan obat tradisional, yang meliputi; (1) pemilihan media dalamkebutuhan informasi pelayanan kesehatan; (2) penentuan sumber referensi dalam cross check kebenaran informasi kesehatan tentang obat tradisional tersebut; (3) pengambilan keputusan kesehatan yang tepat dalam menggunakan obat tradisional tersebut.

Raharni Raharni, Sudibyo Supardi, Ida Diana Sari

National Health Insurance (JKN) is a guarantee program that provides health protection to participants to obtain health care benefits and protection in meeting the basic health needs provided to everyone who pays contributions or whose contributions are paid by the government. Health insurance coverage includes promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative including medicines and medical devices. Since the enactment of JKN on 1 January 2014, the demand for generic drugs has greatly increased. JKN drug independence is needed in terms of drug availability, access and affordability of JKN drug.The aimed of this research is to find out the independence and availability of drugs in the JKN era. The study design was cross sectional by conducting interviews, Round Table Discussion, and tracking secondary data documents.The results of this study obtained government policies related to JKN drug price, especially generic drugs, have not fully considered the interest of community and the interest of the pharmaceutical industry, as well as drug price control policies to ensure the availability of drugs both in number and type in the JKN era, especially generic drugs that have not been optimally accessed by the public.The government needs to encourage the independence of JKN drugs, especially generic drugs that have not been fulfilled, with the development of domestic production of medicinal raw materials to support JKN, which is currently mostly imported and the price of imported raw materials continue to rise.The priority of production of medicinal raw materials based on local extractive and fermentative. Abstrak Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), merupakan program jaminan yang memberikan perlindungan kesehatan kepada peserta untuk memperoleh manfaat pemeliharaan kesehatan dan perlindungan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar kesehatan yang diberikan kepada setiap orang yang membayar iuran atau yang iurannya dibayar oleh pemerintah. Jaminan pelayanan kesehatan meliputi promotif, preventif, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif, termasuk obat dan alat kesehatan. Sejak diberlakukannya JKN pada 1 Januari 2014, permintaan obat generik sangat meningkat pesat. Kemandirian obat JKN diperlukan dalam hal ketersediaan obat, akses, dan keterjangkauan obat JKN. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kemandirian dan ketersediaan obat era JKN. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional, dengan melakukan wawancara, round table discussion, dan penelusuran dokumen data sekunder. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kebijakan pemerintah terkait harga obat JKN khususnya obat generik, belum sepenuhnya mempertimbangkan kepentingan masyarakat dan kepentingan industri farmasi,serta kebijakan pengendalian harga obat untuk menjamin ketersediaan obat baik jumlah dan jenisnya di era JKN, khususnya obat generik, belum optimal diakses oleh masyarakat. Pemerintah perlu mendorong kemandirian obat JKN khususnya obat generik yang belum terpenuhi, dengan pengembangan produksi bahan baku obat dalam negeri untuk mendukung JKN, yang saat ini sebagian besar masih impor dan harga bahan baku impor yang terus naik. Prioritas produksi bahan baku obat yaitu berbasis sumber daya lokal, ekstraktif, dan fermentatif