Hasil untuk "Judaism"

Colin Hoch

The very latest scholarship on the Swiss Reformation has urged us to resituate the conceptual origins and first articulations of a Reformed Covenant theology in the Zurich of Zwingli, Jud, Pellikan, and Bullinger, rather than in the Geneva of Calvin and Beza. Using insights from the recent literature of early modern memory, book history, and art history, this article provides a critical new reading of the preface, text, and paratext of the 1531 folio edition of the Zurich Bible. In doing so, it elucidates how, working with a humanist conception of historical memory, an early Reformed Covenant theology was articulated through its rhetorical juxtaposition of an imagined Israel and Rabbinic Judaism. In line with recent work on the role of historical models in early Reformed Bible culture, I contend that the language of historical memory holds the key to understanding this Reformed rearticulation of Covenant theology and its intended effect on readers of the Zurich Bible. Insights from this reading shed light on the Zurich origins of Reformed Christianity’s ambivalent history of defining itself vis-a-vis an imagined Israel and Rabbinic Judaism, with implications for understanding Protestant discourses on Israel, Judaism, idolatry, antijudaism, and antisemitism.

Gábor Balázs

Concetto Martello

In the second half of the eleventh century, monastic culture found the theoretical support for the project of ecclesiastical reform in which it participates in the ratio fidei, in the enhancement of the sciences and in the refinement of argumentative techniques, with which to adapt the behaviour of Christians to the Truth of the Mysteries and to the reality of the sacraments. The reform project that supports the need of the institutional Church to restore the powers and moral credit lost in the last two centuries conflicts in several places with a more radical and universalistic conception of the Church as the people of God. And the stakes of this conflict must be sought not in a theoretical aspect but in the defence or downsizing of the Church’s magisterial function. In this context, Pier Damiani’s participation in the debate on Judaism manifests at least three general aspects, in addition to a constructive attitude on the relationship with cultural otherness. In the first place he confirms the attitude of monastic culture to the theological use of the arts; secondly, he explicitly identifies an ancillary role for reason with respect to faith; finally, he implicitly clarifies the ideological nature of the internal oppositions of the reformer movement.

Oinike N. Harefa

Terrorism in the name of religion continues to occur in various places around the world. Religious motives are often used as the basis for acts of terrorism. This article studies whether the roots of violence in religions tend to encourage terrorism and how religions, especially, Christianity can take part to overcome terrorism. In the first part, it examined the roots of violence, specifically in three world religions: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The second part discusses the role of the state and religions in combating terrorism. In the third part, this article offers a theology of mission amidst terror and how the church participates in this calling. Religion cannot be used to justify terrorism; therefore, there is a need for theology of mission to give a theological basis towards peace. Religions together with the state take part to combat terrorism. This research is limited to the three religions Judaism, Christianity and Islam. This article utilised literature research. It also specifically included the context of Indonesia. Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The article considers political and socio-economic factors besides religious motives that cause terrorism. This article challenges theology of mission amidst the terror and contributes to practical theology such as the role of the state and religions, specifically Christianity on the role of the church towards peace.

Frederick C. Beiser

This book is the first complete intellectual biography of Hermann Cohen (1842–1918), the only one to cover all his major philosophical and Jewish writings. It pays special attention to Cohen’s intellectual development, to its breaks and continuities. From its beginning to its end, Cohen’s intellectual career is seen as the development of a radical rationalism, one committed to unending enquiry and the unlimited rights of criticism. Cohen’s thought was resolutely opposed to any form of irrationalism or mysticism, which would act as arbitrary and artificial limits on criticism and enquiry. This interpretation is therefore opposed to those who see a proto-existentialism (Rosenzweig) or mysticism (Adelmann and Köhnke) in Cohen. Cohen’s Judaism was not a limit to his radical rationalism but a consistent development of it. Judaism was the religion of reason, which committed the believer to the unending search for truth and to striving to achieve the cosmopolitan or universal values of reason. Most interpretations of Cohen’s Judaism fail to appreciate its philosophical depth and sophistication.

Stefan Larsson

The apostle Paul, author of many letters in the New Testament, is often considered to be the father of Christian antisemitism and a staunch opponent of keeping the Torah. This perspective has been shared both by Jews and Christians throughout the centuries, until the late twentieth century. For the last forty years or so, a new paradigm on Paul has taken shape, one where Jewish scholarship and research on ancient Judaism is making a significant difference. The picture of a Second Temple-period Pharisee is emerging, possibly with connections to early forms of Merkabah mysticism. There are no longer any reasons but ‘tradition’ that Paul should not be a part of Jewish studies, and this article gives some of the arguments for this timely re-appropriation of one of the best-known Jews in history.

A. N. Tsatsulin

The article is dedicated to the International Day against Corruption, which is celebrated annually on December 9. Corruption as a  complex socio-economic phenomenon is generated by a variety of  reasons, most of which have already been identified and subjected  to comprehensive analysis. But in Russia, corruption has become  monstrous, extremely corrupt local, regional and federal officials  mock openly over helpless legislation, the consequences of which are seen in the flight of capital from the country, and in the  recession / stagnation of the national economy, and in the tragic  events of recent times. In the end, corruption undermines the basis for the economic security of the Russian state and undermines  the emerging clusters of the national idea. The author of the  material continues to understand the causes of corruption and considers the vital issues of this so far insufficiently successful struggle and inefficient counteraction to corruption phenomena that  are found in various areas of life and not only our society but also  many other countries. The author also tries to find out how  corruption is interpreted in the views of the main world religions —  Christianity (partly), Islam and national religion — Judaism. The  article gives historical reminiscences and authorial comments on the text fragments of the main written sources of these religions.  Judgments about the origins, roots and main causes, of course, of an immoral, harmful and destructive phenomenon — corruption, which  deeply impressed the national economies of many developed and  most developing countries of the planet, are being voiced. The  author cites episodes of corruption from the Scriptures of the world  religions, gives his own, sometimes controversial or controversial interpretation. At the end of the article, the author  expresses his opinion on measures to combat corruption in the form  of three independent conclusions. The author’s attempt to express  his attitude to the accumulated experience of the sacred struggle  against corruption, which is very contradictory in its quality, boils  down to the following: instead of solving a concrete, fixed and  described problem, it is attempted to reformulate and belittle its  danger through sophisticated connotations.

Doris Forster

This article served as the prelude to an interdisciplinary workshop for scholars of Judaism, Islam and Catholic cannon law entitled “Legal scholarly responses in comparison”. It gives a short overview of the methods for comparative law research and aims to encourage awareness of the objectives of comparative law and the choice of methods. Dieser Beitrag bildete einen Auftakt zum interdisziplinären Workshop von Judaisten, Islamwissenschaftlern und Kanonisten mit dem Titel „Responsen der Rechtsgelehrsamkeit im Vergleich“. Er gibt einen Kurzüberblick über angewandte Methoden der Rechtsvergleichung und möchte dazu anregen, sich die Ziele der Rechtsvergleichung und der Methodenwahl nochmal bewusst zu machen.

C. Hayes

T. Morgan

Pikria Meladze, Jac Brown

J. Woolf

Maria Gatti Racah

The paper analyses the reports of travel to Palestine appeared in Russian after the revolution, focusing on texts produced by Russia Abroad, both by Russian and Jewish observers. The relevant interest of the émigrés in this region should be read as a result, on the one hand, of the traditional cultural and religious ties with the Holy Land and on the other, of the political and social unrest connected to the Balfour declaration and the British Mandate. The friction between the Biblical/Evangelical layer and contemporary reality, between past and present – a distinctive feature of previous texts – persists, but we witness a hypertrophic development of concerns related to the current events, in the wake of the uncertainties triggered by exile and of the need to understand the trajectories and the nature of contemporary Judaism, a crucial question in émigré public debate.

C. H. Dodd

Daria Mazur

Yiddish Cinema in the Prewar Polish Lands: The Socio-political and Cultural Contexts The article is an attempt to consider the impact of social-political contexts on Yiddish cinema in Poland before the outbreak of the Second World War. It also analyses the influence of cultural and ideological tendencies represented by the diaspora in Poland: traditional – related to Judaism and Yiddish language; Zionist – trying to resurrect Israel and appealing to Hebrew as the language of the Jews; Bund – a left wing party that supported a secular Yiddish culture and opposed Zionism, as well as the assimilation of Polish culture and language.

P. Werbner

Gedaliahu A. G. Stroumsa

M. Idel