Hasil untuk "General works"

D. Spalding

S. Freud

M. Abrams

Xiuliang Dai, Dan Chen, Yixin Zhu

In the context of an aging population, mutual-aid care services for the older adults represent a significant systemic initiative aimed at addressing the care needs of older adults. The active participation of the older adults is fundamental to the advancement of mutual-aid care services, and organizational mobilization is a key strategy to encourage their participation. Drawing on survey data from 796 older adults across Jiangsu, Hebei, and Shaanxi provinces in China from 2020, this study examined the current state of rural older adults participation in mutual-aid care services and investigated the impact of organizational mobilization on it. The findings indicate that the older adults’ overall willingness to participate in mutual-aid care services is relatively weak, and that the development of organizational mobilization is still in its infancy. Policy advocacy and material incentives play a significant role in motivating the older adults to provide mutual-aid services. In light of these conclusions, the study proposes policy recommendations to enhance publicity for mutual-aid services among the older adults, refine the organizational framework, and implement government policy support.

Lavinia Heisenberg, Benedetta Rosatello, Guangzi Xu et al.

We investigate the gravitational memory effect in the full Generalized Proca gravity, the most general metric theory including a gravitational Proca field with derivative self-interactions that still maintains second-order equations of motion. Building on our previous works on memory in other massless and massive metric theories, we extend a unified framework for computing displacement memory and apply it to Generalized Proca gravity. We identify two non-trivial physically distinct classes of background conditions of Generalized Proca theory within the assumption of asymptotic flatness: a Lorentz-invariant but massive case, and a Lorentz-violating, massless case. The former exhibits dispersive scalar and vector modes and allows a Horndeski-like treatment of memory, while the latter resembles the asymptotic dynamics of Einstein-Æther theory including the same Lorentz-breaking effects on displacement memory. In both cases, we derive the fully gauge invariant and dynamical second order action, derive the effective stress-energy tensor and study its contribution to the memory integral. We highlight the distinction between phase and group velocity in the tensor memory formula sourced by dispersive propagating modes. Finally, we re-emphasize how observational constraints on Lorentz violation may be imposed by the structure of the memory signal.

Ningthoujam Media, Y. Priyobarta Singh, Y. Onika Laxmi et al.

In this paper, we study the tunneling of fermion particle for slowly rotating Kerr-Newman-de Sitter-like (KNdS-like) black hole in bumblebee gravity model by applying the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). The Hawking temperature of slowly rotating KNdS-like black hole has been modified under GUP. The quantum gravity effect reduces the rise of Hawking temperature of slowly rotating KNdS-like black hole. The modified Hawking temperature and the correction of black hole entropy are investigated by using the tunneling of fermion beyond the semiclassical approximation. We study the scalar field perturbation and effective potential of slowly rotating KNdS-like black hole in bumblebee gravity model by using Klein-Gördon equation. The quasinormal modes for scalar perturbation is investigated using WKB approximation method and P{ö}schl-Teller fitting method. The significant impact on the greybody factor, Hawking spectra and sparsity of Hawking radiation of the black hole are also studied in the presence of Lorentz violating parameter L.

Carmen Bonfacio, Fernando Schapachnik, Fabio Porto

This survey explores the impact perceived by employers and employees of GenAI in their work activities in Brazil. Generative AI (GenAI) is gradually transforming Brazil workforce, particularly in micro and small businesses, though its adoption remains uneven. This survey examines the perceptions of employers and employees across five sectors: Sales, Customer Service, Graphic Design or Photography, Journalism or Content Production, and Software Development or Coding. The results are analyzed in light of six key dimensions of workforce impact. The findings reveal a mix of optimism, apprehension, and untapped potential in the integration of AI tools. This study serves as a foundation for developing inclusive strategies that maximize AI's benefits while safeguarding workers' rights. The IIA-LNCC supports open research and remains committed to shaping a future where technology and human potential progress together.

Miroslaw Staron, Jonathan Strom, Albin Karlsson et al.

Standardization processes build upon consensus between partners, which depends on their ability to identify points of disagreement and resolving them. Large standardization organizations, like the 3GPP or ISO, rely on leaders of work packages who can correctly, and efficiently, identify disagreements, discuss them and reach a consensus. This task, however, is effort-, labor-intensive and costly. In this paper, we address the problem of identifying similarities, dissimilarities and discussion points using large language models. In a design science research study, we work with one of the organizations which leads several workgroups in the 3GPP standard. Our goal is to understand how well the language models can support the standardization process in becoming more cost-efficient, faster and more reliable. Our results show that generic models for text summarization correlate well with domain expert's and delegate's assessments (Pearson correlation between 0.66 and 0.98), but that there is a need for domain-specific models to provide better discussion materials for the standardization groups.

Ahmed Shama, Stefano Caruso, Dimitri Rochman

The bias and uncertainty of calculated decay heat from spent nuclear fuel (SNF) are essential for code validation. Also, predicting these quantities is crucial for deriving decay heat safety margins, influencing the design and safety of facilities at the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle. This paper aims to analyze the calculated spent nuclear fuel decay heat biases, uncertainties, and correlations. The calculations are based on the Polaris and ORIGEN codes of the SCALE code system. Stochastically propagated uncertainties of inputs and nuclear data into calculated decay heats are compared. Uncertainty propagation using the former code is straightforward. In contrast, the counterpart of ORIGEN necessitated the pre-generation of perturbed nuclear cross-section libraries using TRITON, followed by coincident perturbations in the ORIGEN calculations. The decay heat uncertainties and correlations have shown that the observed validation biases are insignificant for both Polaris and ORIGEN. Also, similarities are noted between the calculated decay heat uncertainties and correlations of both codes. The fuel assembly burnup and cooling time significantly influence uncertainties and correlations, equivalently expressed in both Polaris and ORIGEN models. The analyzed decay heat data are highly correlated, particularly the fuel assemblies having either similar burnup or similar cooling time. The correlations were used in predicting the validation bias using machine learning models (ML). The predictive performance was analyzed for machine learning models weighting highly correlated benchmarks. The application of random forest models has resulted in promising variance reductions and predicted biases significantly similar to the validation ones. The machine learning results were verified using the MOCABA algorithm (a general Monte Carlo-Bayes procedure). The bias predictive performance of the Bayesian approach is examined on the same validation data. The study highlights the potential of neighborhood-based models, using correlations, in predicting the bias of spent nuclear fuel decay heat calculations and identifying influential and highly similar benchmarks.

Wenying Du, Chang Ge, Shuang Yao et al.

Volunteered geographic information (VGI) plays an increasingly crucial role in flash floods. However, topic classification and spatiotemporal analysis are complicated by the various expressions and lengths of social media textual data. This paper conducted applicability analysis on bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT) and four traditional methods, TextRank, term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), maximal marginal relevance (MMR), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and the results show that for user type, BERT performs best on the Government Affairs Microblog, whereas LDA-BERT performs best on the We Media Microblog. As for text length, TF-IDF-BERT works better for texts with a length of <70 and length >140 words, and LDA-BERT performs best with a text length of 70–140 words. For the spatiotemporal evolution pattern, the study suggests that in a Henan rainstorm, the textual topics follow the general pattern of “situation-tips-rescue”. Moreover, this paper detected the hotspot of “Metro Line 5” related to a Henan rainstorm and discovered that the topical focus of the Henan rainstorm spatially shifts from Zhengzhou, first to Xinxiang, and then to Hebi, showing a remarkable tendency from south to north, which was the same as the report issued by the authorities. We integrated multi-methods to improve the overall topic classification accuracy of Sina microblogs, facilitating the spatiotemporal analysis of flooding.

Shameem Alsalami

تتبنى هذه الدراسة مفهوم الانتقائية في نظرية هاليداي لاظهار طريقة عرض المعلومات المطروحة في العناوين الصحفية في الصحف الاجنبية وخصوصا ما يتعلق بموضوع الهجمات الاخيرة على غزة من قبل القوات الاسرائيلية في فلسطين. تسعى هذه الدراسة لاظهار طرق تمثيل الخبر في الصحف الاجنبية بما يتعلق بالصراع الفلسطيني-الاسرائيلي. المعلومات التي تم تحليلها بهذه الدراسة تم جمعها من عناوين صحيفة نيويورك تايمز المنشورة في الفترة من 13الى 17 ايار لعام 2021 وهي فترة الهجمات على غزة.

Michael Timothy Bennett

To make accurate inferences in an interactive setting, an agent must not confuse passive observation of events with having intervened to cause them. The $do$ operator formalises interventions so that we may reason about their effect. Yet there exist pareto optimal mathematical formalisms of general intelligence in an interactive setting which, presupposing no explicit representation of intervention, make maximally accurate inferences. We examine one such formalism. We show that in the absence of a $do$ operator, an intervention can be represented by a variable. We then argue that variables are abstractions, and that need to explicitly represent interventions in advance arises only because we presuppose these sorts of abstractions. The aforementioned formalism avoids this and so, initial conditions permitting, representations of relevant causal interventions will emerge through induction. These emergent abstractions function as representations of one`s self and of any other object, inasmuch as the interventions of those objects impact the satisfaction of goals. We argue that this explains how one might reason about one`s own identity and intent, those of others, of one`s own as perceived by others and so on. In a narrow sense this describes what it is to be aware, and is a mechanistic explanation of aspects of consciousness.

S. Balakrishnan, Birger Wernerfelt

واثق شاکر شاکر, نهى الدلیمی

الزمان له نظام یسیر علیه ماضیاً وحاضراً ومستقبلاً لایتغیر ولایتوقف, لکن تخیلات الشاعر تعید المتلقی بالزمان إلى الخلف, أو تنطلق به نحو الأمام بتقنیة الاستباق, والاستباق فعل الشیء قبل أنْ یفعلهُ غیرُه, وفرق الزمان هو الفاصل بین السابق إلى الأمر واللاحق له, وجاء هذا البحث لیبرز فاعلیة الفاظ الزمن فی شعر قیس, وقد جاءت بإشکال وأزمان متنوعة, مثل الدعاء والأمل والتمنی, وتوزعت على الیوم واللیل والساعة والموت والحشر؛ لیشمل کل الزمان بحب لیلى فقیس لم یترک الزمان المستقبلی إلاَّ ویتأمل ویتمنى ان یکون فیه لقاء مع لیلى, وقد یشکل الزمان عقبةً کبیرةً أمام قیس تمنعه من الوصول إلى لیلى ولکنه یستخدم المفارقة الزمنیة للقفز فوق حواجز الزمان, فیؤمل ویستبق ویسرع, ولکن بلا نتیجة فلا یصل إلى لیلى إلاَّ متأخراً فلا یکون لقاءً إلاَّ بعد الموت.

Oscar Castillo-Felisola, Dominic T. Price, Mattia Scomparin

The aim of this work is to present a series of concrete examples which illustrate how the computer algebra system Cadabra can be used to manipulate expressions appearing in General Relativity and other gravitational theories. We highlight the way in which Cadabra's philosophy differs from other systems with related functionality. The use of various new built-in packages is discussed, and we show how such packages can also be created by end-users directly using the notebook interface. The current paper focuses on fairly generic applications in gravitational theories, including the use of differential forms, the derivation of field equations and the construction of their solutions. A follow-up paper discusses more specific applications related to the analysis of gravitational waves.

Laura F. Rothstein

T. Mifune, T. M. Mishonov, N. S. Serafimov et al.

For the need of measurements focused in condensed matter physics and especially Bernoulli effect in superconductors we have developed an active resonator with dual operational amplifiers. A tunable high-Q resonator is performed in the schematics of the the General Impedance Converter (GIC). In the framework of frequency dependent open-loop gain of operational amplifiers, a general formula of the frequency dependence of the impedance of GIC is derived. The explicit formulas for the resonance frequency and Q-factor include as immanent parameter the crossover frequency of the operational amplifier. Voltage measurements of GIC with a lock-in amplifier perfectly agree with the derived formulas. A table reveals that electrometer operational amplifiers are the best choice to build the described resonator.

Christopher Eur

Frederick W. Stoss

R. Myrzakulov, L. Sebastiani, S. Vagnozzi et al.

In this work, we analyse static spherically symmetric solutions in the framework of mimetic gravity, an extension of general relativity where the conformal degree of freedom of gravity is isolated in a covariant fashion. Here we extend previous works by considering, in addition, a potential for the mimetic field. An appropriate choice of such a potential allows for the reconstruction of a number of interesting cosmological and astrophysical scenarios. We explicitly show how to reconstruct such a potential for a general static spherically symmetric space-time. A number of applications and scenarios are then explored, among which are traversable wormholes. Finally, we analytically reconstruct potentials, which leads to solutions to the equations of motion featuring polynomial corrections to the Schwarzschild space-time. Accurate choices for such corrections could provide an explanation for the inferred flat rotation curves of spiral galaxies within the mimetic gravity framework, without the need for particle dark matter.