Ibrahim Elassal, Andrea Chávez Triviño, Iván Darío Chávez Triviño
Reviving both the tangible and intangible aspects of lost heritage is essential to preserve awareness for future generations. The 9th-century city of Al-Qaṭāʾi in Egypt has been repeatedly destroyed during the conflicts between the Tulunids and the Abbasids. Virtual technologies and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction serve to digitally raise awareness of the city and its historical significance, especially since it no longer exists. The challenge of digital revival in this project's framework is to imagine how life unfolded in the city during the 9th century. Our goal in this project is to leverage the advancements in 3D modelling technologies to reconstruct the lost historical Egyptian city. The methodology report begins with a description of the foundation for the 3D model reconstruction of the historically lost city, which serves as the main case study for this project. The methodology for this reconstruction is achieved through scope definition, wherein the main structures and complementary elements of the scene are identified. This is followed by the documentation phase, during which all available information on the scene is gathered through sketches, engravings, photographs, plans, and other sources. The next phase involves establishing hypotheses, where 2D and 3D sketches are produced to propose the general volumes of structures and elements. Finally, the creation of 3D models brings the structures and associated elements to life through the texturing process, as well as the inclusion of terrain, vegetation, fauna, characters, and other components, allowing the complete scene to emerge. The objective of the article is to revive the destroyed architecture of the non-existent city and communicate its value to the public through interactive virtual exploration. This study aims to demonstrate how the combination of digital methods for virtual reconstruction is valuable for both knowledge dissemination and research, through the case study of Al-Qaṭāʾi in Egypt.
The overweight and obesity acquire character of global epidemic, negatively affecting female fertility. The association between increased body mass index and infertility conditions higher need in application of auxiliary reproductive technologies (ART) in this category of female patients. The results of studies of affect of body mass index on efficiency of ART demonstrate certain heterogeneity. The purpose of the study is to investigate affect of overweight on results of treatment of infertility using method of auxiliary reproductive technologies. The retrospective analysis covered 1840 women treated by ART. The criteria of selection were age 30–35 years, isolated female uterine factor of infertility, single embryo transfer. The exclusion criteria were decreased ovarian reserve, multifetation, programs with donor cells. The body mass index was stratified into four categories according WHO classification. The prevalence of overweight and obesity made up to 20.2% and 16.8% correspondingly. The significant differences were found in group with obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m²): live birth rate was 1.6 times lower and miscarriage rate was 1.8 times higher as compared to group with normal weight. In case of obesity degree II (BMI 35.0–39.9 kg/m²): pregnancy rate was 1.3 times lower, live birth rate was 2.07 times lower and miscarriage rate was 2.26 times higher. The significant affection of BMI on efficiency of ART programs was established. Considering increased maternal and perinatal risks, female patients with overweight and obesity are recommended to decrease their weight before starting ART treatment.
George Volanis, Demitrios Galanakis, Nikolaos Bolanakis
et al.
The stability of rock cliffs is a longstanding issue and is of practical significance. This case study demonstrates the application and use of advanced 3D modeling techniques, concentrating on the geological formations of the Xrobb l-Ġħaġin peninsula on the south-east coast of Malta, where the Xrobb l-Ġħaġin Neolithic site is located. In order to utilize a static and dynamic analysis of the investigated scenario, a 3D finite element model (FEM) of the geological formation in which the monument is set had to be created. To this end, 3D scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and oblique photogrammetry were first used with state-of-the-art commercial packages for mesh reconstruction. As a result, a geometric and finite element model (FEM) was created, suitable for both static and dynamic analysis. In the second stage, a parametric investigation of the material properties of the structural system of the geological substrate was sought. The structural response of the system was evaluated for different loading scenarios assuming nonlinear finite element analysis. Collapse case scenarios were investigated for standard and weakened materials, predicting which components would collapse first and under which case of weakened materials the collapse occurs. Among other aspects, the main novelty of this paper lies in the integrated approach and multidisciplinary paradigm that supplement the available historical knowledge for this specific cultural heritage Neolithic site towards its conservation.
Care has become an overdetermined word in the medical humanities and beyond, a focus not only of debate around the nature and purpose of the field, but also of the wider issue of the status of medicine in relation to society and the individual. As a symptom of this problematic, this article proposes care as an ‘untranslatable’, in the sense defined by Barbara Cassin. This is pursued via an engagement with the history of the ethics of care and with its translation into francophone contexts as une éthique du care, in tension with the philosophie du soin elaborated in the work of Frédéric Worms, and then with the several translations into French and English of Sorge and its derivations Besorgen and Fürsorge in Martin Heidegger's Sein und Zeit (Being and Time). A genealogy of care is thus established, and what emerges as the principal motif of its untranslatability is the relation between a primary form of relationality and the socio-technical dimension in which we may recognise healthcare.
We present the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS)-AstroSat atlas, which contains UV imaging of 31 nearby star-forming galaxies captured by the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope on the AstroSat satellite. The atlas provides a homogeneous data set of far-UV and near-UV maps of galaxies within a distance of 22 Mpc and a median angular resolution of 1.″4 (corresponding to a physical scale between 25 and 160 pc). After subtracting a uniform UV background and accounting for Milky Way extinction, we compare our estimated flux densities to GALEX observations, finding good agreement. We find candidate extended UV disks around the galaxies NGC 6744 and IC 5332. We present the first statistical measurements of the clumping of the UV emission and compare it to the clumping of molecular gas traced with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We find that bars and spiral arms exhibit the highest degree of clumping, and the molecular gas is even more clumped than the far-UV (FUV) emission in galaxies. We investigate the variation of the ratio of observed FUV to Hα in different galactic environments and kiloparsec-sized apertures. We report that ∼65% of the variation of the log10(FUV/Hα) can be described through a combination of dust attenuation with star formation history parameters. The PHANGS-AstroSat atlas enhances the multiwavelength coverage of our sample, offering a detailed perspective on star formation. When integrated with PHANGS data sets from ALMA, the Very Large Telescope-MUSE, the Hubble Space Telescope, and JWST, it develops our comprehensive understanding of attenuation curves and dust attenuation in star-forming galaxies.
El presente artículo recoge nuestro interés por aproximarnos a los principales mercados de trabajo de la industria del vestido al servicio de las reinas consortes de España. Las protagonistas de las siguientes páginas son las artesanas de la apariencia de la realeza femenina. El marco cronológico seleccionado va de 1790 a 1830, período para el que analizaremos los principales centros de confección y tiendas de las modistas afincadas en Madrid. Asimismo, examinaremos a las principales modistas que trabajaban para las soberanas consortes, ubicaremos sus tiendas y expondremos las diferencias salariales entre las modistas y los sastres dentro de Palacio. Las fuentes empleadas para esta panorámica general del trabajo de las modistas proceden de los fondos de: Archivo General de Palacio, Archivo Histórico Nacional, Archivo Histórico de Protocolos y Archivo de la Villa, todos ellos ubicados en Madrid
History of Civilization, History (General) and history of Europe
If the distribution of amber in Europe has been studied quite fully, then the study of the distribution of amber in Eurasia is replete with white spots. This also applies to amber jewelry among the nomads. The focus of the present article is amber jewelry among the nomads of Asian Sarmatia in the context of its distribution in Eurasia in the Early Iron Age. In this regard, the distribution of amber beads in Central Europe, Italy, the Balkans, and Scythia in the 7th — 4th centuries BCE, in the necropoleis of the ancient cities of the North Pontic region of the 6th — 4th centuries BCE, Colchis — of the 5th — 4th centuries BCE, in the Near East, Central Asia, in Siberia and Mongolia is considered.
No later than the 4th century BCE items made of amber, mainly originating from the territory of Ukraine and the Baltics, rare in this period in the North Pontic area and unknown in Scythia, appear in the Sarmatian burials of the Southern Urals, where they are found more often and in larger numbers in the complexes of the 3rd and 3rd — 2nd centuries BCE. Two possible ways of distribution are considered. One — across the Northern and Eastern Black Sea regions, further on via Caucasus, Caspian Sea and the old bed of Uzboy, which seems preferable, and the second — via Western Asia, which hardly correlates with the provenance of the material of the majority of beads from Prokhorovka in the Urals.
In the burial complexes of Asian Sarmatia of the 2nd — 1st centuries BCE amber beads are extremely rare and are presented in single quantities both in the Trans-Volga region and in the Lower Don. It is not excluded that such beads found their way via both Western Asia and Central Europe (through Tanais). No later than the 1st century BCE amber beads are beginning to be used both in Hindustan and Central Asia, as well as in Eastern Siberia and China. Attention is drawn to their rather wide distribution in the burials of the Xiongnu in Mongolia in the late 1st century BCE — 1st century CE. In this region and probably in Bactria, judging by the finds from the Tillya-tepe, amber was also used as a material of inlays in jewelry and belt buckles. Despite the fact that it is obvious that amber beads could have come to the Xiongnu and China from the west (as Baltic amber was used to make beads from the early Scythian Burial-mound Arzhan-2 in Tuva), the fact that it may not have necessarily been of Baltic origin, but originate from Burma, was confirmed by the study of amber objects from the 1st century CE tomb M18 in Nanyang.
In the 1st — first half of the 2nd century CE amber beads are widespread both in the necropoleis of ancient cities and settlements of the North Pontic region, as well as in the barbarian burials of the Crimea, Sarmatian burials in the Bug and Dnieper regions. There are relatively few of them in the burials of the nomads of the Lower Don region — they are more often found in the interfluve of the Volga and Don. Amber beads are especially common in burials of the Late Sarmatian period, when they are known practically throughout the territory of Sarmatia from the Carpathian-Danube basin to the steppes of the Southern Urals. In Asian Sarmatia, three clusters are distinguished: first of all — the Lower Don region and the southern part of the Volga-Don interfluve, as well as — the South Urals and the interfluve of the Khoper and Volga. During this period amber was widely used for the manufacture of pommels of swords and daggers.
Starting from the 2nd — 1st centuries BCE amber beads in burials are quite often found together with coral beads and pendants (in 40—47% of cases). This may indicate a common source of beads made from these exotic materials. In the 4th — 3rd centuries BCE, when jewelry made of amber and coral appeared among the Sarmatians of the Southern Urals, it is likely that the ways of their distribution were different. Corals were more likely to arrive through Western Asia.
The paper deals with results of the study of the anthropological materials from the Stariy Chekmak burial ground by means of the osteometry according to the methods adopted in Russian anthropology. Characteristics were given to the absolute and relative values of the long bones of skeleton (the male part of the sample shows mainly average values, whereas the female part – small ones). Besides, the group was characterized according to the length of the part of extremities. The male part of the sample demonstrated elongation both to the femoral bone and the radius relatively to the humerus in proportions, while the female part – shortening of the humerus relatively to the femoral bone (on the whole, their lower extremities tends to elongation relatively to upper ones). It seems impossible to determine the type of proportions because of lack of observations. The body length of the buried has also been reconstructed (the male turn to be medium and higher than the average; the female turn to be short). Further, the features of the postcranial morphology of the Stariy Chekmak cemetery group, together with another Piany Bor sample from the Novo-Sasykul burial ground, were analyzed against the Early Iron Age and the Middle Ages populations. The results of the intergroup analysis turn to the conclusion that the Pyany Bor male series of the Kama basin population demonstrates one of the most gracile variants of addition in the complex of massiveness among all the materials used for comparison.
I reconstruct my own journey into the history of the human sciences, which I show to have been a process of discovering the metaphysical standing of the human. I begin with Alexandre Koyré’s encounter with Edmund Husserl in the 1930s, which I use to throw light on the legacy of Kant’s ‘anthropological’ understanding of the human, which dominated and limited 19th-century science. As I show, those who broke from Kant’s strictures and set the stage for the 20th-century revolutions in science - from Hegel, to John McTaggart, to Max Weber - typically were pursuing crypto-theological questions about how a finite being can comprehend an infinite universe. This journey is about the ‘common measure’ of being human, which is what links Plato to Kuhn, but has been most consistently taken up by law. I suggest that in seeking this ‘measure of man’, we may discover that to be human is not necessarily to be Homo sapiens, which would suggest a radical reorientation of the history of the human sciences.
This special issue is the product of a conference, The Future of the History of the Human Sciences, which was held at the University of York in April 2016. The meeting brought together scholars from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds and at various stages of their careers to reflect on what were identified as major challenges and opportunities for the research that History of the Human Sciences publishes. The articles included here are a sample of the responses that were generated and contain reflections on not only the boundaries of history of the human sciences research but also the methods used within the discipline. As this introduction explains, the overall aim of the conference was to explore these questions in order to think about both future directions for research and ways in which we can ensure the field remains dynamic and vital.
. Protein is the building material for every cells, without it life and development of the body are impossible. Protein metabolism is regulated by a large number of mechanisms and depends on both the feed received by the animal and its individual characteris (cid:415) cs. The la (cid:425) er are determined by the central and autonomic nervous systems. The results of biochemical studies of the content of total protein, albumin and globulin of chickens of Cobb-500 cross with di ff erent tone of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are presented in the ar (cid:415) cle. The purpose of the study was to inves (cid:415) gate the regulatory e ff ect of ANS on protein metabolism and the speci fi city of its content in the blood serum of chickens in meat produc (cid:415) on. Determina (cid:415) on of the ANS tone in chickens was performed by the method of varia (cid:415) onal heart rate according to R.M. Bayevsky (1984). The recording of the electrocardiogram was performed by a portable EC3T 01-”R-D” electrocardiograph with a tape speed of 50 mm/s. We determined two main indicators: moda (Mo) and the amplitude of the moda (Amo) heart rate. Depending on the dominance of the ANS departments, the chickens were divided into three groups: (St –sym-pathicotonic, NSt–normo-sympathicotonic, Nt–normotonic), with 8 individuals each. The amplitude of moda was used as an auxiliary indicator in determining the dominant department of the ANS. Blood was collected for biochemical studies twice from the inferior vein twice at day 35 and day 60. Chickens with intermediate type of ANS (NSt) were found to have sta (cid:415) s (cid:415) cally higher levels of total protein content, albumin ( Р < 0.001) and globulin ( Р < 0.01 vs. Nt). Total protein and globulin content were signi fi cantly higher in St than in Nt (p < 0.05). At the 60th day of life, only St had higher albumin content than Nt ( Р < 0.01). The globulin frac (cid:415) on of protein in NSt and Nt exceeded St ( Р < 0.05). Therefore, the increased tone of the sympathe (cid:415) c nervous system has a posi (cid:415) ve e ff ect on the level of protein frac (cid:415) ons in the blood of birds, in par (cid:415) cular, provides a higher level of them than representa (cid:415) ves of the normotonic type of ANS. Abstract. Inves (cid:415) gated the history of development of veterinary medicine of Ukraine at the (cid:415) me of forma (cid:415) on of soviet government. It was established that the World War I almost completely stopped the work of veterinary sta ff . The origin of the amount growth of veterinary sta ff in the country at the (cid:415) me of forma (cid:415) on of soviet government was the complicated epizoo (cid:415) c situa (cid:415) on. The ac (cid:415) vity of veterinary organiza (cid:415) on in the described period was focused on the most important task – the elimina (cid:415) on of infec (cid:415) ous diseases, and, fi rst of all, the plague of ca (cid:425) le. Epizoo (cid:415) cs overcame the territory of almost all Soviet Union, what made the government to organize the legislature of veterinary medicine – Central veterinary department of the People’s Commissariat for Internal A ff airs. In November 1917, the Central Council of Ukraine was created in Ukraine, which elected leader was M. Hrushevskyy. In this regard, the interim government of the Ministry of Internal A ff airs was organized, at the disposal of which was also the veterinary administra (cid:415) on. Later, the interim government transferred all the governing veterinary sta ff to the disposal of provincial and urban self-governments, which were allocated in independent provincial units. With the proclama (cid:415) on of the Ukrainian People’s Republic, the veterinary administra (cid:415) on was an advisory department and was subordinated to the Ukrainian Veterinary Council, which included delegates from the provincial veterinary congresses and the veterinary department at the General Secretariat of Military A ff airs.
M. Salari, M. Dehghan, Seyyed Mohammad Hashemi Shahri
Background: This study was conducted on patients with tuberculosis (TB), based on regional needs and the outbreaks of the contagious disease, particularly those diagnosed with the smear-positive during 2014 - 2016. The regions neighboring this province, low health information, poorly equipped hospitals/medical clinics, high rate of welfare, the illegal entrance of foreigners to the province are necessities that have to be mentioned. Objectives: Spreading awareness of the disease in the province and the examination of possible ways to control and prevent its spreading are the purposes of this study. Methods: First, the information concerning the files of 250 patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis was collected in Zahedan’s Tuberculosis Coordinator and the diagnostic criterion for the studied participants was a microscopic observation of the sputum. All patients had a chest X-ray and were examined every two months by an infectious disease specialist who diagnosed them with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. As the observations were incomplete, we could not apply the regular methods and SPSS software to estimate the survival probability (function); instead, we used Generalized Turnbull’s Estimator (GTE) and R software to calculate the non-parametric conditional probability of the patient’s survival and recovery times. For Instance, for the i th person, L i and R i have been considered based on the last positive result and the first negative result of the disease, respectively. Results: Among 250 studied patients, four patients are right censored and the rest of them are interval censored. The patients’ age ranged from 10 to 91 years, the average age of diagnosis in infected males is 58.54 with a standard deviation (SD) of 19.10 years and females was 55.40 with an SD of 18.09 years. During this period there were no major differences between males and females. Moreover, 49.2% of the patients infected via sexual transmission were males and 50.8% of the patients were females. Conclusions: In this study, the patients’ weight was considered an effective variable in the evaluation of the survival function (the possibility of conditional survival) and we considered the effect of factors such as sex, the previous diagnosis of diabetes/AIDS, the previous history of being in contact with people with TB disease, and a history of imprisonment on the survival probability. As we can see, all the auxiliary variables mentioned above, are significantly effective in the course of the patient’s treatment and recovery (survival) time.
In August 2010, the expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the State Research and Production Center for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments of the Volgograd Region conducted rescue excavations of the archaeological heritage site on the territory of the modern cemetery in the city of Novoanninsky, Novoanninsk District, Volgograd Region. As a result of work, one ancient Sarmatian burial, which was destroyed when constructing modern graves, was investigated. A wide rectangular grave pit was oriented with a long axis along the line of the NS. Detected at a depth of 0.50–0.55 m from 0. Dimensions: 2.95x2.1 m. Diagonally, the burial was cut by a modern grave pit, oriented with a long axis along the NE-SW line. Dimensions: 2.4 0.8 m. The bottom of the ancient burial pit was located at a depth of 1.6 m. Shoulders 0.3–0.4 m wide were located at a depth of 1.24–1.34 m, along the walls of the ancient burial pit. In situ preserved bones of the legs of an adult, testifying to the fact that he/she laid stretched out on his/her back, head to the south. The inventory of the burial included a bronze cauldron, a bronze mirror, numerous glass and faience beads, chalk and bronze pendants, a bronze bracelet, a gray-clay bowl, a black-clay vessel, fragments of gray-clay and redclay vessels. Analysis of the funeral rite and inventory makes it possible to attribute this burial to the Middle Sarmatian culture and to date it within the end of the 1st c. BC – the beginning of the 2nd c. AD.
Agenor de Oliveira Ikeda, Daniele Cristina Ianni Rocha, Diego Antônio Fernandes Aguiar
et al.
O presente trabalho apresenta um relato sobre a Política de Gerenciamento, Acesso e Uso do Repositório Institucional do Instituto de Logística da Aeronáutica (RILA). Iniciando-se na fase de desenvolvimento da proposta e o estudo da implantação do projeto. A partir da Política do RILA, pretende-se estabelecer uma rotina de atividades e procedimentos a fim de, assegurar o recebimento, o tratamento, a preservação, o acesso e o uso dos documentos e/ou informações contidos no RILA. O RILA tem por finalidade organizar e preservar a documentação de caráter de ensino, técnico-científico, técnico-administrativo e de memória produzidas no âmbito do Instituto de Logística da Aeronáutica (ILA), visando a qualidade no gerenciamento da informação e da documentação institucional. Objetiva-se prover visibilidade e acesso pontual às produções bibliográficas e documentais produzidas no Instituto, em atendimento ao que preveem as legislações vigentes de acesso à informaçãoO presente trabalho apresenta um relato sobre a Política de Gerenciamento, Acesso e Uso do Repositório Institucional do Instituto de Logística da Aeronáutica (RILA). Iniciando-se na fase de desenvolvimento da proposta e o estudo da implantação do projeto. A partir da Política do RILA, pretende-se estabelecer uma rotina de atividades e procedimentos a fim de, assegurar o recebimento, o tratamento, a preservação, o acesso e o uso dos documentos e/ou informações contidos no RILA. O RILA tem por finalidade organizar e preservar a documentação de caráter de ensino, técnico-científico, técnico-administrativo e de memória produzidas no âmbito do Instituto de Logística da Aeronáutica (ILA), visando a qualidade no gerenciamento da informação e da documentação institucional. Objetiva-se prover visibilidade e acesso pontual às produções bibliográficas e documentais produzidas no Instituto, em atendimento ao que preveem as legislações vigentes de acesso à informação
Diplomatics. Archives. Seals, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources