Hasil untuk "General Works"

Madina Yu. Ezaova, Farida M. Ashkhot

The purpose of this work is to study the linguistic expression of one of the key aspects of human life – the sphere of hospitality, which is analyzed through the lens of paremiology. Drawing on the various works of scholars who have studied the term "hospitality," we can examine its general prototypical meaning in more detail, which summarizes the empirical understanding of this socially significant action. The work highlights the emotional and evaluative characteristics and figurative representations that are inherent in Kabardian-Circassian culture. The analysis of the communicative-pragmatic connotations of the concept under study can provide more specific data on the process of cognition of reality by speakers of different cultures, highlighting both universal and nationally specific features. The result of the study is the examination of the elements of the paremiological worldview, focusing on the phenomenon of khyeshchaghe / hospitality in the Kabardian-Cherkessian language in the context of modern linguistics. This study relies on the use of various approaches, which allows us to examine the phenomenon of hospitality from different perspectives. The combination of different methodological tools provides opportunities for a deeper understanding of the phenomenon under study. In this article, we analyze the "cultural" layer of language, which includes the Adyghe proverbial palette related to specific knowledge, by considering language as an aspect of culture. In this context, "hospitality" occupies a key position in the linguistic consciousness of the Adyghe linguistic community, being one of the main elements with national specificity.

Fouzia Atlas, Yuan Yitong, Kashif Ullah Khan

Abstract Burgeoning research in data sciences demonstrates that big data analytics capability (BDAC) transforms large amounts of data into valuable knowledge and information, enhancing decision processes and improving firm performance. Nevertheless, limited research has theoretically outlined and empirically established the frameworks and constructs through which BDAC impacts the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study adds to existing research on the relationship between BDAC and SME performance. Drawing on the dynamic capability theory, it is essential to argue how BDAC influences marketing performance (MP) and financial performance (FP), which is dependent on the intervening role of knowledge management with big data analytics talent capability (BDATC). This study highlighted the mediating role of knowledge Management (KM) and the moderating effect of Big Data Analytics Talent Capabilities (BDATC) in relation to BDAC. Based on the Conceptual model, data was collected from 379 SMEs in China using a well-designed questionnaire. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed using AMOS and SPSS for data analysis. Findings show that BDAC positively influences the firm’s financial and marketing performance. Furthermore, results confirm that KM mediates the link between a firm’s BDAC and financial and marketing performance. The findings also confirm that BDATLC significantly moderates the relationship between BDAC and financial performance while negatively moderating the relationship between BDAC and marketing performance. This study contributes to understanding the important role of human talent capability in the era of technology and big data (BDATLC), particularly regarding the talent capability for Big Data Analytics (BDA). The findings highlight the strategic significance of nurturing and retaining BDA talent to enhance the performance of SMEs.

Jhh-Jing Hong, Feng-Li Lin

Quantum thermal states are known to be passive, as required by the second law of thermodynamics. This paper investigates the potential for work extraction by coupling a thermal bath to a qubit of either spin, fermionic, or topological type, which acts as a quantum thermal state at different temperatures. The amount of work extraction is derived from the work statistics under a cyclic nonequilibrium process. Although the work statistics of many-body systems are known to be challenging to calculate explicitly, we propose an effective field theory approach to tackle this problem by assuming the externally driven source couples to a specific quasiparticle operator of the thermal state. We show that the work statistics can be expressed succinctly in terms of this quasiparticle's thermal spectral function. We obtain the non-perturbative work distribution function (WDF) for the pure thermal bath without the qubit coupling. With qubit coupling, we get the second-order WDF, from which the physical regime of work extraction can be pinned down precisely to help devise quantum heat engines or refrigerators. Their efficiency or coefficient of performance (COP) can be inferred from the combination of the fluctuation theorem and the first law, and we find that the spin/topological qubit-bath system generally yields a far better heat engine/refrigerator than the other two alternatives due to the underlying quantum statistics.

Inga Kutepova, Alison Kamil, Alissa R. Wilson et al.

Reducing sugars consumption is an important public health priority. Because reducing one’s sugar intake is challenging, some organizations have suggested reducing the consumption of all sweet-tasting foods and beverages, regardless of the source of the sweet taste (i.e., caloric or low/no calorie sweeteners (LCSs)), due to the assumed correlation between dietary sweetness and sugars intake. Descriptive data summarizing patterns and trends in the overall sweetness of the diet may help inform dietary recommendations. For this cross-sectional study, dietary information was collected from 15,655 participants aged ≥1.5 year, as part of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS RP) over the course of four consecutive days between 2008/09 and 2018/19. Products that were sweetened with LCS were matched to their sugar-sweetened equivalents (e.g., a regular beverage with sugars and a diet beverage with LCS). The amount of sweetness in an individual’s diet was quantified in terms of grams of ASE (approximate sugar equivalent) per day. During the study period, the ASE of the diet declined by approximately 10%. The estimated ASE of the diet per 2000 calories was 96.7 g/d for children and 113.8 g/d for adults. Approximately one-fifth of the total ASE was from LCSs. There was evidence of a non-linear trend over time, with ASE levels remaining relatively stable between 2008/09 and 2014/15, and then declining. The amount of ASE coming from LCS sources increased, going from 8g/d to 12.6 g/d. The overall change in total sugars and ASE was more apparent for beverages compared to foods (ASE values decreased by 20.7% for beverages vs. 4.4% for foods), but both decreased significantly. In the UK, there has been a shift in both the overall sweetness of the diet, as well as the total amount of sugars consumed. This is partly attributable to the reformulation of products, as well as changes in preferences among consumers. According to the findings of this study, the sweetness levels in the diets of the UK population are declining over time.

USM ADMIN

În studiul de față ne propunem să analizăm cum s-au răsfrânt diferite provocări asupra evoluției ramurii industriale în Basarabia în perioada 1868-1914 și să apreciem realizările acesteia în comparație cu alte regiuni învecinate ale Imperiului Rus. Materialele cercetate ne permite să afirmăm că întreprinderile industriale din Basarabia au cunoscut în anii ʼ60-ʼ90, comparativ cu perioada anterioară, o anumită dezvoltare, care însă nu a fost suficientă pentru a face față cererii existente pe piața internă și capacităților de producție agricolă a guberniei. Dezvoltarea industrială, cu ritmurile modeste arătate, nu era totodată generată de politicile imperiale ruse din domeniu. Mai degrabă ele reflectau gradul de integrare a regiunii în economia europeană și modernizarea instituțională generată de acest proces. În virtutea lipsei sprijinului din partea statului rus, decalajele față de ritmul și exigențele vest-europene ale procesului de producție au continuat să se acumuleze, contribuind la aprofundarea caracterului periferic al economiei provinciei, atât în cadrul Imperiului Rus, cât și la nivel european. Cuvinte-cheie: Basarabia, bresle meșteșugărești, capital industrial, fabrici, muncitori, producție industrială, uzine.   DOI: https://doi.org/10.59295/sum10(180)2023_02

Gusnia Meilin Gholam, Riyan Alifbi Putera Irsal, Maheswari Alfira Dwicesaria et al.

Malaria is one of the infectious illnesses causing a public health burden worldwide. <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> (<i>P. vivax</i>) is the most prevalent malaria parasite in Asia and Asia Pacific. <i>P. vivax</i> is resistant to sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) and mefloquine. This resistance makes it extremely difficult to control and eradicate due to its ability to survive in the liver and reactivate if the person infected has a weakened immune system. Thus, this study aims to inhibit <i>P. vivax</i> via targeting Duffy-binding protein (DBP) with active compounds from Hops (<i>Humulus lupulus</i>). The inhibition of DBP is essential to reduce malaria invasion of human red blood cells. We performed a quality assessment and prediction of the active site of DBP to determine the effectiveness and prediction of ligands in inhibiting DBP. Furthermore, the mechanism and structural stability of active compounds against DBP were evaluated using a combination of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation and a density-functional theory (DFT) study. The results showed that rutin had the highest binding of 8.852 kcal/mol. However, after the molecular dynamics simulation was run for 50 ns, the ligand 6-prenylnaringenin via MM-PBSA calculation showed the most positive value of 106.760 kJ/mol. In addition, 6-prenylnaringenin is the most stable ligand via the analysis of root-mean-square deviation backbone (RMSDBb), root-mean-square deviation c-alpha (RMSDCa), root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF), solvent-accessible surface area (SASA), radius of gyration (Rg), and the hydrogen bond formation. We conclude that 6-prenylnaringenin has a tight and stable bond with the targeted DBP protein. Finally, we propose the use of 6-prenylnaringenin as a potential antimalarial compound via in silico studies.

Desiree Heim, Christian Jilek, Adrian Ulges et al.

Current publicly available knowledge work data collections lack diversity, extensive annotations, and contextual information about the users and their documents. These issues hinder objective and comparable data-driven evaluations and optimizations of knowledge work assistance systems. Due to the considerable resources needed to collect such data in real-life settings and the necessity of data censorship, collecting such a dataset appears nearly impossible. For this reason, we propose a configurable, multi-agent knowledge work dataset generator. This system simulates collaborative knowledge work among agents producing Large Language Model-generated documents and accompanying data traces. Additionally, the generator captures all background information, given in its configuration or created during the simulation process, in a knowledge graph. Finally, the resulting dataset can be utilized and shared without privacy or confidentiality concerns. This paper introduces our approach's design and vision and focuses on generating authentic knowledge work documents using Large Language Models. Our study involving human raters who assessed 53% of the generated and 74% of the real documents as realistic demonstrates the potential of our approach. Furthermore, we analyze the authenticity criteria mentioned in the participants' comments and elaborate on potential improvements for identified common issues.

Martin Schmalzried

This paper leverages various philosophical and ontological frameworks to explore the concept of embodied artificial general intelligence (AGI), its relationship to human consciousness, and the key role of the metaverse in facilitating this relationship. Several theoretical frameworks underpin this exploration, such as embodied cognition, Michael Levin's computational boundary of a "Self," and Donald D. Hoffman's Interface Theory of Perception, which lead to considering human perceived outer reality as a symbolic representation of alternate inner states of being, and where AGI could embody a different form of consciousness with a larger computational boundary. The paper further discusses the necessary architecture for the emergence of an embodied AGI, how to calibrate an AGI's symbolic interface, and the key role played by the Metaverse, decentralized systems and open-source blockchain technology. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of achieving a certain degree of harmony in human relations and recognizing the interconnectedness of humanity at a global level, as key prerequisites for the emergence of a stable embodied AGI.

Davide Astesiano, Matteo Luca Ruggiero

We study the low-energy limit of General Relativity in the presence of stationarity and axial symmetry, coupled to dust. Specifically, we demonstrate that differences between the dynamics of General Relativity and those of Newtonian gravity persist even in the weak-field and slow-motion regime. Notably, these differences are driven by dragging terms that are not necessarily small, as is typically the case in the well-known gravitomagnetic limit. To highlight this distinction, we use the concept of strong gravitomagnetism that we introduced in previous works. We provide a pedagogical discussion of how these discrepancies arise and outline a systematic procedure to solve the equations of motion for such systems. Furthermore, we present analytical results for specific cases and also give the general solution for the vacuum case. A particularly notable result is our demonstration of how General Relativity can naturally account for a Tully-Fisher-like relation.

Ray C. Fair, Ray C. Fair, John B. Taylor et al.

Naciye Bey

Abstract Environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) have emerged as important actors with regard to their interest in encouraging and supporting the dissemination of environmental policies. A key starting point in the examination of ENGOs and their influence on environmental policy is to highlight their decisions to affect policy processes as a means of achieving environmental protection. Hence, ENGOs need resources and it is equally important that they effectively employ those resources to achieve environmental policy influence. ENGO lobbying is a process in which different causal conditions interact with one another to affect environmental policy. However, minimal attention has been paid to how different conditions occurring together exert influence. This paper argues that it is the combined effect of resources and effective strategies that enables ENGOs to exert policy influence. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis is used to test the combined nature of different conditions. A dataset created in 2019 that includes 38 ENGOs from Turkey reveals that the combination of multiple interchangeable conditions leads to high ENGO policy influence. The findings suggest that advocacy effectiveness is achieved via two different causal paths. The first path entails having a large staff size, lobbying multiple venues, and using both inside and outside lobbying tactics, while the second involves large membership size, the use of both inside and outside lobbying, and lobbying multiple venues. This study suggests an alternative way of using the determinants of environmental policy influence and offers a new perspective for ENGO leaders to influence environmental policy.

Vishnulal C, Saurya Das, Soumen Basak

We derive the quasinormal modes of anyons from (2+1)-dimensional Banados, Teitelboim, and Zanelli(BTZ) and analogue black holes, and discuss potential experiments to measure these quasinormal modes.

Raymond D. Boisvert

Whitehead's response to the epistemological challenges of Hume and Kant, written in a style devoid of the metaphysical intricacies of his later works, Symbolism makes accessible his theory of perception and his more general insights into the function of symbols in culture and society.

Sayyed Reza Mirahmadi

The irreplaceable role of literary historians in proving literary events as well as highlighting the role of writers is undeniable. If it cannot be considered the best tool, it can be considered at least one of the bests in expressing and showing the unique role of literature in the construction and social context and cultural development of society.  One of the most prolific and insightful works of the talented and insightful writer, Mostafa Shaka'a, is the book “Poetry and Poets in the Abbasi Era” which seems to be very influential and practical due to the author’s critical style. Having skimmed the book, what seemed to be very interesting is that the book's possible shortcomings are outweighed by its strengths. One of the best results of this study is that Shaka'a has played an effective role, by mastering the poetry and poets of this very important period of literature and very deep critique, as well as charting the literary style of some poets who appeared in other similar books, who were showed either very dull no significant in other books. The chapters are also based on this approach of the author and his balances on this approach, also reflect his surrounding knowledge and insight. Perhaps most of his weaknesses have been in forms, and sometimes in concept, such as accusing Abu Nawas of nationalism, which, of course, does not detract from the book’s strengths.

Aquilino Cotes Zuleta

Colombia posee una Constitución que, en gran parte, es producto de la manifiesta voluntad de la comunidad nacional. Una Carta Política debe responder a las necesidades del país y de sus coasociados. Esa Constitución ha sido objeto de múltiples cambios, en su mayoría de carácter político, más que voluntad ciudadana. Cuando la Constitución llega a sus primeros 30 años, se estima necesaria una exploración bibliográfica, de corte cualitativo, para determinar si realmente la participación popular de 1990 surtió los efectos deseados. El análisis bibliográfico permitió determinar que las reformas introducidas a la Carta Política reviven vicios que se esperaba quedarían eliminados por ser, en su mayoría, expresión de la voluntad política, más que respuesta a las necesidades del constituyente primario y del país.

Jocivania Pinheiro, Benjamin Bedregal, Regivan H. N. Santiago et al.

Fuzzy implication functions have been widely investigated, both in theoretical and practical fields. The aim of this work is to continue previous works related to fuzzy implications constructed by means of non necessarily associative aggregation functions. In order to obtain a more general and flexible context, we extend the class of implications derived by fuzzy negations and t-norms, replacing the latter by general overlap functions. We also investigate their properties, characterization and intersections with other classes of fuzzy implication functions.

E. Allys, P. Peter, Y. Rodríguez

We revisit the most general theory for a massive vector field with derivative self-interactions, extending previous works on the subject to account for terms having trivial total derivative interactions for the longitudinal mode. In the flat spacetime (Minkowski) case, we obtain all the possible terms containing products of up to five first-order derivatives of the vector field, and provide a conjecture about higher-order terms. Rendering the metric dynamical, we covariantize the results and add all possible terms implying curvature.

Yuanzhi Li, Yingyu Liang

Mixtures of Linear Regressions (MLR) is an important mixture model with many applications. In this model, each observation is generated from one of the several unknown linear regression components, where the identity of the generated component is also unknown. Previous works either assume strong assumptions on the data distribution or have high complexity. This paper proposes a fixed parameter tractable algorithm for the problem under general conditions, which achieves global convergence and the sample complexity scales nearly linearly in the dimension. In particular, different from previous works that require the data to be from the standard Gaussian, the algorithm allows the data from Gaussians with different covariances. When the conditional number of the covariances and the number of components are fixed, the algorithm has nearly optimal sample complexity $N = \tilde{O}(d)$ as well as nearly optimal computational complexity $\tilde{O}(Nd)$, where $d$ is the dimension of the data space. To the best of our knowledge, this approach provides the first such recovery guarantee for this general setting.

J. Dolado, F. Kramarz, S. Machin et al.

Anson Au

This article examines how literature is a networked social space of political repression and resistance, refracting broader contestations over national sovereignty, self-determination, and identity. Politicizing the traditionally apolitical “world of letters” in Habermas’s Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere , this article employs a novel analysis of the influence that the literary public sphere wields over political consciousness. Using the historical case of Taiwan’s literary networks from the 1970s to the 1990s, this article asserts that the literary public sphere produces a rational-critical generalization of knowledge and exposure to dissonant perspectives that invigorates civil society by creating intelligentsia. Through intelligentsia, ideas within the Taiwanese literary public sphere birthed powerful Dangwai parties that instituted democracy, informed their platforms, and ushered in a new wave of political elites. The Taiwanese case demonstrates how civic tasks can predict political tasks with enough force to stimulate a unique postcolonial political consciousness and spark a revolution.