Washington Romão dos Santos, Michele Monteiro Lirio Maria, Vinícius Costa da Silva Zonatto
et al.
Purpose: Compare the impact of ESG (environmental, social and governance) factors on the operational, financial and market performance of companies in developed and emerging markets between 2018 and 2023.
Methodology: Using a quantitative approach, financial and ESG disclosure data from 2,546 companies from different sectors in developed and emerging markets were analyzed. Multiple linear regression techniques were applied to investigate the correlation between ESG practices and corporate performance (ROA, ROE and Tobin’s Q), considering variables like company size, leverage and sales growth.
Results: The results indicate that emerging markets have a stronger association between ESG practices and financial performance compared with developed markets.
Contributions of the Study: This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of the ESG-performance relation and offers insights for public policies and corporate strategies, promoting responsible investments and sustainability. This enables comparative analysis between emerging and developed markets, highlighting the nuances in the implementation and results of ESG practices, with theoretical and practical implications for companies and policy makers.
Bruno Thomé Perugini Fernandes Penna, Renata Peregrino de Brito
Objective: this study examines the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on the financial and operational performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and investigates the role of business networks in this context. This cross-sectional study empirically analyzes SMEs’ performance and their level of EO. We propose that EO affects the performance of SMEs and that business networks influence this relationship. Theoretical approach: the study is grounded in the existing EO literature, which encompasses the firm’s propensity to engage in innovative, proactive behaviors and take risks to remain competitive. Emerging markets are relevant to the study, given the challenges posed by institutional voids and the importance of business networks in enhancing the competitiveness of SMEs. Methods: to this end, 155 SMEs were surveyed, and data were analyzed using a structural model and regression analysis. Results: EO enhances both the financial and operational performance of SMEs. However, business networks did not show a moderating effect on this relationship. Instead, additional investigation confirms the importance of business networks for SMEs’ innovativeness. Conclusions: the study extends knowledge of EO in the context of SMEs and discusses alternative interaction models for business networks and social capital in emerging economies.
This study investigated the impact of corporate financial strategies-(CFSs) on the performance of companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange-(SSE) from 2010-2023, analyzing data from 2,269 firms, yielding 31,766 balanced firm-year observations. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach with a quasi-experimental design grounded in pragmatism, the inquiry employed two-step System-GMM technique to address endogeneity, simultaneity, heteroscedasticity, reverse causality and Nickell bias. Fixed effects-(FE) and random effects-(RE) models were applied to handle unobserved heterogeneity, omitted variable bias and guarantee robustness. The results revealed that, total-debt-to-assets-ratio-(TDTAR) and dividend yield-(DY) significantly and negatively impacted firm performance-(FP), measured by return on assets-(ROA) and Tobin’s Q-(TQ). Contrary, cash conversion cycle-(CCC), current ratio-(CR), total-assets-turnover-(TAT), tangibility-(TANG), total-equity-to-total-assets ratio-(TETAR), dividend payout ratio-(DPR), firm size-(SIZE), and firm age-(AGE) had a significantly positive effect on FP-(ROA and TQ). The study emphasizes the importance of effective CFSs in improving FP and offers insights for policymakers, investors, and managers, highlighting the need for corporate deleveraging, capital structure optimization and efficient asset and working capital management. Although focused on China, the study’s framework is applicable to other emerging markets, providing valuable theoretical, conceptual, and methodological insights as it integrates CFS metrics into the resource-based view theory-(RBVT), extending the theory’s scope making it more robust and generalizable.
Se estudia el fenómeno de la corrupción desde el punto de vista antropológico con el objetivo de argumentar que una de las principales causas de la existencia de la corrupción en los diferentes ámbitos de la sociedad es el daño antropológico provocado por determinados sistemas económicos, políticos y sociales, utilizando como caso de estudio el de los totalitarismos. La degradación progresiva que va generando la corrupción se identifica como el daño antropológico y sus causas: la destrucción de la vida en la verdad, la ausencia de la inextricable relación entre verdad y libertad y la desvinculación entre el interés privado y el bien común, lo que constituye un caldo de cultivo para los diferentes tipos de corrupción.
Political institutions and public administration (General), Accounting. Bookkeeping
BAZNAS is an institution tasked with collecting zakat funds, but has only succeeded in collecting a small portion of the existing zakat potential. The lack of transparency in zakat management has reduced the level of muzaki's trust in BAZNAS. One of the important focuses of BAZNAS is the management of non-halal funds, which even though it is regulated by PSAK 109, there are still BAZNAS that do not comply with these regulations. This research aims to analyze the implementation of PSAK 109 and DSN MUI Fatwa NO: 123/DSN-MUI/XI/2018 on non-halal funds at BAZNAS Pekalongan Regency during the 2018-2022 period. This research is descriptive qualitative research with data sources from interviews and BAZNAS financial reports for 2018-2022, books and related articles. The data analysis method involves three steps: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Testing the validity of the data uses triangulation techniques with results from documentation whose validity is tested using data from interviews. The research results show that the presentation of non-halal funds at BAZNAS Pekalongan Regency for 2018-2022 is in accordance with PSAK 109, with non-halal funds presented separately from zakat, infaq/alms and amil funds. Disclosure of non-halal funds in 2019-2022 is in accordance with PSAK 109, but this is not the case in 2018 because it is not disclosed in the financial report notes. Utilization of non-halal funds for public facilities during 2018-2022 is in accordance with DSN MUI Fatwa NO: 123/DSN-MUI/XI/2018. However, the use of bank tax and bank administration costs is still not in accordance with the fatwa because non-halal funds should not be channeled for institutional purposes.
D.H. Bastykov, Sh.A. Smagulova, M. Karatayev
et al.
Наше исследование является первым библиометрическим анализом проведенных реформ в области управления государственной системой. Библиометрический анализ актуален при обработке и анализе больших объемов данных. Целью исследования является проведение библиометрического анализа с целью определения состояния исследований в направлении реформирования государственного управления, определение и картирование будущих направлений исследований.
При проведении исследования через специальную стратегию были выбраны 151 статья, направленная на реформирование государственного управления в период 1991-2023 годов. С помощью программного обеспечения Vosviewer были созданы и визуализированы библиометрические сети.
Библиометрический анализ исследования был проведен на основе академической базы данных Scopus в области реформирования государственного управления. На основании данных исследований были сделаны выводы, отражающие в данной статье и дает возможность для дальнейшего понимания систематического развития исследования.
Результаты исследования предоставили полную и достоверную информацию о темпах развития исследований в области государственного управления. Были выявлены лучшие статьи, публикации, исследования наиболее цитируемых авторов и организаций в области государственного управления и вносит свой вклад в научную литературу, описывая ее текущее состояние. В исследованиях с использованием библиометрического анализа были определены элементы прозрачности и производительности, которые могут быть использованы в реформах госуправления и электронного правительства. Кроме того, исследование продемонстрировало опыт и тенденции развития реформирования государственного управления в рецензируемых изданиях по всему миру. В Казахстане данные исследования интенсивно стали проводится начиная с 2020 года, в то время в таких развитых странах как США, Великобритания наблюдается высокий темп использования уже с 2010 года.
Ключевые слова: Казахстан, реформы государственного управления, VOSviewer, библиометрический анализ, обзор литературы, научное картографирование, анализ совместных слов.
Economics as a science, Marketing. Distribution of products
Evi Rahmawati, Arif Wahyu Nur Kholid, Evan Ardis Adiyatama
et al.
This study examines the transformational leadership moderating role on the relationship between public accountability and budget participation on managerial performance in Indonesian village governments. The population of this study is the village apparatuses of the village government in Bantul Regency. The samples were selected using convenience sampling technique and data were collected through questionnaires. Hypotheses testing was conducted by utilizing Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Leas Square (SEM-PLS) method. The results unveiled that transformational leadership has a quasi-moderation role. Transformational leadership can reinforce the effect of budget participation on managerial performance while public accountability cannot affect managerial performance. It reveals that public accountability cannot promote and motivate the village apparatus to enhance their performance.
Naelati Tubastuvi, Arafah Esa Yuswandani, Azmi Fitriati
et al.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether capital structure, investment decisions, and firm size have an impact on firm value by examining profitability as a moderating factor. A quantitative methodology is used in this study. The population used in this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange through the website www.idx.co.id Jakarta Islamic Index 70 company in the 2019-2022 period. This study uses panel data regression model analysis. Within this research, STATA 17 version was used, also Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian is used to test the ordinary least square model versus random effect model regression. Meanwhile, Chow test is used to test ordinary least square model regression versus fixed effect model and Hausman test is used to find the most suitable panel data regression model between fixed effect model and random effect model. The results of this study indicate that capital structure affects firm value, investment decisions and firm size have no effect on firm value, profitability is able to moderate the effect of capital structure and investment decisions on firm value, while profitability is unable to moderate firm size on firm value.
ABSTRACT This study addresses students’ approaches to learning the double entry of a financial transaction. A phenomenographic approach was used to collect and analyse qualitative empirical data. By focusing on an under-researched topic, the study contributes to accounting education literature and identifies a set of four hierarchical categories that qualitatively describe more complex ways of experiencing double entry bookkeeping. The findings reveal that some of these categories are more desirable than others and provide a lens through which accounting educators can view the quality of double entry learning. These findings support calls to reconceptualise the teaching of double entry bookkeeping and prompt calls for additional qualitative research into introductory accounting, and double entry bookkeeping in particular.
: With the rapid development of the Internet, blockchain technology is developing and maturing daily. This paper compares the positive impact of blockchain on three aspects: accounting bookkeeping, accounting information quality and digital financial information. Blockchain, with its distributed bookkeeping and timestamp technologies, can effectively improve accounting bookkeeping procedures and solve the problems of traditional bookkeeping, which is time-consuming and easy to tamper with. Its digital signature technology, timestamp, and real-time data transmission technology can enhance the timeliness, security, and reliability of enterprise financial information. Innovative contract technology can make inter-enterprise transaction procedures completed automatically and recorded in real-time to realize the digitization of financial data and achieve the goal of enterprise economic integration. This paper also finds that, due to the incomplete development of existing technologies, most of the scholars' research remains in the theoretical stage; they are mostly optimistic about the widespread application of blockchain in practice and less consider the problems that will arise during the practical application. This paper also presents some outlooks for the future of financial reporting based on existing literature and research, where enterprise financial management systems will be reshaped, and financial reporting will be more intelligent, secure, and personalized.
This socialization aims as a service to the community to provide understanding to the food stall business actors about the importance of recording or accounting for their activities and business progress, and introducing the BukuWarung application to the food stall business actors in Cisitu Village. The method used in this outreach is the survey method, socialization and training for food stall business actors. The results obtained from the survey results show that there are still basic food stalls that have not recorded or recorded and most of those who do bookkeeping are still unstructured, because they still mix the results of sales and purchases. In carrying out the extension of the BukuWarung application, business owners get information and understanding about the BukuWarung application. In this socialization activity, the owner of the shop began to try the application on his Android mobile phone.
موضوع و هدف مقاله: خودکارآمدی، به اعتقاد حسابرس به توانمندی های فردی اشاره دارد که موجب میشود حسابرس بر وضعیتهای موجود کنترل بیشتری داشته باشد و از این طریق عملکرد و قضاوت حرفهای را بهبود بخشد. لذا، خودکارآمدی حسابرس میتواند تحت تأثیر سبکهای حل مسأله قرار -گیرد. بدین منظور در این تحقیق، تأثیر سبکهای حل مسأله بر خودکارآمدی حسابرسان دیوان محاسبات ایران بررسی شده است.روش پژوهش: روش توصیفی- پیمایشی و از منظر هدف، از نوع کاربردی میباشد که از ابزار پرسشنامه استاندارد استفاده شده است. نمونه پژوهش 406 نفر حسابرسان دیوان محاسبات میباشد که با روش نمونهگیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. یافتههای پژوهش: نتایج نشان میدهد که سبکهای حل مسأله بر خودکارآمدی حسابرسان دیوان محاسبات تأثیر معنیدار دارند. بنابراین سبکهای خلاقانه، اعتماد، گرایش، درماندگی، مهارگری و اجتناب به ترتیب بیشترین تأثیر را بر خودکارآمدی حسابرس دارند.نتیجهگیری، اصالت و افزوده آن به دانش: نتایج این پژوهش میتواند به دیوان محاسبات کشور کمک کند در استخدام حسابرسان جدید، نوع سبکهای حل مسأله آنان را در نظر گرفته، تا از این طریق با بهبود خودکارآمدی فردی، کیفیت حسابرسی را افزایش دهند. بنابراین، نتایج این پژوهش میتواند مفاهیم نظریه شناختی و رفتاری کسیدی را وارد متون تحقیقات رفتاری در حسابرسی دولتی نماید.
This study aims to explore the urgency of history exploration of Double-Entry Bookkeeping reality and methodology. The method used in this research is a critical literature study. The results showed that there is a fundamental issue (basic) in viewing of the general development of accounting (positivism) who sees accounting simply as numbers and technical bookkeeping. These views are binary (single vision) that is patterned secularist materialism. Positivism is seen as constraction view of reality and resulted in a crisis of ethics. In the history of the literature review found that precisely the development of accounting that claim construction Double-Entry Bookkeeping Paciolli as accounting embryo today is unhistorical. DEB historical studies tend to use the basis of conventional economic paradigm and functionalist explanation. Methodological exploration in the history of accounting needs to be done in finding accounting reality DEB relevant and contextual to its day. Methodological aspects of multidisciplinary and use this critical perspective is required in order to occur the dynamic changes in the accounting, understanding, and development of accounting more ethical and just.
The main objective of this research is to explore further the various factors that can influence the disclosure of intellectual capital. This test uses independent variables auditor reputation, leverage, independent commissioner, and profitability. Service companies listed on the IDX in the 2017-2019 period were used as the population in this test with a total population of 432 companies. The samples were determined by the purposive sampling method which resulted in a final total of 120 samples from 40 companies. Tests were carried out through multiple linear regression analysis techniques and using SPSS version 25 for windows as a data processing medium. Judging from the partial test, the results of this test show that only the leverage and profitability factors affect intellectual capital disclosure, while the independent commissioner and auditor's reputation variables do not affect intellectual capital disclosure. Judging from the simultaneous test, this test shows that the independent variables of auditor reputation, leverage, independent commissioner, and profitability have a simultaneous effect on the dependent variable of intellectual capital disclosure.
Research aim: This study investigated the level of Key Audit Matters (KAM) reporting in the annual reports of companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) from 2016 to 2018, and examined the factors influencing KAM reporting.
Design/ Methodology/ Approach: Using annual reports from 2016 to 2018, 450 annual reports of 150 companies from the SET were sampled. Content analysis by word count and checklist was used to quantify the KAM reporting, while descriptive analysis, independent sample t-test, and multiple regression were used to analyse the data.
Research finding: The KAM reporting was 756.686 average words within 1.958 issues in corporate annual reports during the study period. There were significantly different levels of KAM reporting between SET100 and Non-SET100 companies as well as between audit rotation and non-audit rotation. Moreover, there was a significant positive influence of firm size and complexity on the level of KAM reporting, while profitability had a negative influence on the level of KAM reporting.
Theoretical contribution/ Originality: As the first longitudinal study of KAM reporting in Thailand, the study sheds light on the factors influencing mandatory KAM reporting.
Practitioner/ Policy implication: Investors can approach decision-making from the corporate characteristics affecting KAM reporting.
Limitation/ Implication: External audit characters are not included when considering the influence on KAM reporting.
Type of article: Research paper
Keywords: KAM reporting, Annual reports, Thailand Stock Exchange
JEL Classification: M40, M42
The objective of this study was to Investigating the role of audit committee attributes in corporate sustainability reporting. The present study is an applied research and its method is causal-post-event. The statistical population of the study is all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The sample was selected using systematic exclusion sampling method and imposing conditions of the research variables to 228 firms during 2014-2019. Statistical technique of panel data regression was used to analyze data and test the hypotheses. According to the results, there was a significant positive relationship between Audit Committee Independence, Audit committee financial expertise and Audit Committee Size on corporate sustainability reporting. This is due to the fact that the Audit Committee pays more attention to social responsibility and issues related to sustainable development. The results also indicate that the audit committee, as one of the elements of the company's internal control structure, has taken steps to protect the interests of various groups using the company's accounting information and employ this committee to improve the reporting process as well as provide transparent information and reports. And it is reliable and effective. According to the research results, it is suggested to managers that in order to attract investors, align with environmental development, increase company value and other factors affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of companies, to the independence and financial expertise of the audit committee to increase corporate responsibility. Pay attention and put it in your plan.
This paper draws its conclusions using an inductive approach. We find interesting symptoms in the field related to clients' efforts to influence audit opinion in the public financial audit process in various regions in Indonesia. For the purpose of inductive reasoning, we use a grounded theory approach as a tool for analysis and for drawing conclusions. Our findings are that there are at least seven ways and efforts taken by clients to intervene with the audit decisions made by BPK, and thus we eventually formulate a theory that the audit system in the government requiring interaction between the auditee, in this case the financial management apparatus and the BPK auditor, gives birth to a communication. This communication is used by the auditee to influence the results of the audit. The research implication is that there are ways for auditors to prevent clients from misusing the opportunities to influence audit result.
: (Benedetto Cotrugli sulla contabilità in Partita Doppia) In 1458, a former internationalmerchant, Benedetto Cotrugli, wrote a 200-page manual on how to be a successful merchant: Librode Larte dela Mercatura (Book of the Art of Trade). It included a 5-page chapter on double entrybookkeeping, something never previously preserved in written form. The earliest known copy ofthis book dates from 1475. This paper provides an overview of the book and of Cotrugli; and itpresents new English and Italian translations of Cotrugli’s chapter on double entry bookkeeping.These differ from previous translations in that they are based solely on the earliest copy ofCotrugli’s book from 1475. The English translation is also the first to have been prepared by anaccountant enabling the description of entries in account books to be in the form Cotrugli intended.This is the first of two contributions made by this paper. The second is that it identifies Cotrugli’schapter as a first stage in the training of a bookkeeper, where a broad introduction to the subject islaid down as a foundation for further study or practical experience.