Hasil untuk "1789-"

Svetlana M. Zaytseva, Elizaveta L. Bolotina, Elena A. Kalashnikova et al.

Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. is the tallest relict plants capable of accumulating unique secondary metabolites that can be used in pharmacognosy. Given the documented reproductive vulnerability of the coast redwood, biotechnological methods for establishing in vitro genetic banks and bioresource collections are increasingly relevant for the preservation of its gene pool. This study utilized nodal segments of S. sempervirens harvested from a donor tree maintained in the stock greenhouse of the N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). The research investigates the effects of mineral and hormonal nutrient media compositions, as well as the explant’s original position on the shoot, on in vitro propagation efficiency. Stepwise sterilization using a 0.1 % (w/v) mercuric chloride solution for 18 min resulted in a successful sterile culture rate exceeding 80 %. Findings indicate that explants should initially be cultured on a hormone-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium, followed by a proliferation medium supplemented with either 2 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L NAA or 2 mg/L 2,4-D + 2 mg/L 2iP for effective multiplication. For rooting, it is advisable to transfer regenerants to a medium containing 2 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L NAA. Following the development of the root system, the resulting clones are prepared for ex vitro transfer. Acclimatization is conducted in a soil substrate under a polyethylene cover with a 16-hour photoperiod to support the transition to ex vitro conditions. Acknowledgements: The team of authors expresses its gratitude to Anton V. Kucherov, agronomist of the N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences, for providing plant material. The study was carried out as part of the research project No. 24-76-00070.

José Ledamir Sindeaux-Neto, Amanda Queiroz Azevedo, Natalia dos Anjos et al.

Abstract The present study describes multifocal infection by Henneguya sp. in the liver and gallbladder of Chaetobranchopsis orbicularis Steindachner 1875, from the Arari River, on Marajó Island, in the Brazilian Amazon. Fifty specimens of C. orbicularis were examined, and after parasitic confirmation, small fragments of the infected organs were removed, fixed in Davidson’s solution, and histologically processed. Multifocal infection in the liver and gallbladder was observed in 56% (28/50) of C. orbicularis specimens. The cysts were full of mature spores with morphological characteristics inherent to the genus Henneguya, with the same morphological and morphometric characteristics: body elongated, ellipsoidal shape in frontal view, and a thick, translucent, birefringent hyaline sheath covering the entire structure of the spore. Histopathological analysis showed cysts with a predominantly fibroblastic capsule, containing spores inside, with a loss of cellular architecture in the liver parenchyma, as well as deformation of the gallbladder mucosal epithelium. Although clinical signs were not observed, the histopathological findings presented alterations that characterize henneguyosis, a microparasitic disease the host, from the Amazon region.

Bismar Harris Satriawan, Syamsuri

This research measuring how political will is in the policy of moving the national capital and how this policy is when faced with the existing political constellation. The type of research used is a qualitative approach. Methods of data collection using in-depth interviews and documentation techniques. The results of the research show that political will in the policy of moving the national capital cannot be separated from individual factors, namely the belief and courage of President Joko Widodo through a basis of reasoning that have strong relevance to empirical circumstances and are reflected through various regulations that have been stipulated. The organizational factor shows the government seriousness and commitment through the transition team formed, as a basis for working in a coordinated manner in achieving the targets set. The relationship factor shows the involvement of individuals/groups through the existence of various community supports, collaborative and partnerships, and the involvement of international figures in its implementation. Social factors show the dynamics of politics and condition of state apparatus in the decision-making process has reflected support for policies, seen from the agreement of the majority of political party factions, which at the same time has become strong political legitimacy. Overall, political will cannot be separated from the existing political constellation, the sustainability and success of the policy of moving the national capital will be determined by the next President leadership and the composition of the support of political parties that will come, which of course must have the same coherence of commitment.

Haichao Hu, Linna Cai, Tianye Zhang et al.

Ubiquitination is a major post-translational modification (PTM) involved in almost all eukaryotic biological processes and plays an essential role in plant response to pathogen infection. However, to date, large-scale profiling of the changes in the ubiquitome in response to pathogens, especially viruses, in wheat has not been reported. This study aimed to identify the ubiquitinated proteins involved in <i>Chinese wheat mosaic virus</i> (CWMV) infection in wheat using a combination of affinity enrichment and high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. The potential biological functions of these ubiquitinated proteins were further analyzed using bioinformatics. A total of 2297 lysine ubiquitination sites in 1255 proteins were identified in wheat infected with CWMV, of which 350 lysine ubiquitination sites in 192 proteins were differentially expressed. These ubiquitinated proteins were related to metabolic processes, responses to stress and hormones, plant–pathogen interactions, and ribosome pathways, as assessed via Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. Furthermore, we found that the ubiquitination of Ta14-3-3 and TaHSP90, which are essential components of the innate immune system, was significantly enhanced during CWMV infection, which suggested that ubiquitination modification plays a vital role in the regulatory network of the host response to CWMV infection. In summary, our study puts forward a novel strategy for further probing the molecular mechanisms of CWMV infection. Our findings will inform future research to find better, innovative, and effective solutions to deal with CWMV infection in wheat, which is the most crucial and widely used cereal grain crop.

Wu Sixian, Li Xiaoliang, Shang Lijun et al.

Small molecule inhibitors of the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family proteins have emerged as promising options not only for the treatment of multiple cancers but also for disturbing the process of sperm maturation with potential for use as viable contraceptive targets. In this study, we find that the BET family inhibitor NHWD870 and BRDT can bind well in vitro through bioinformatics software prediction and protein binding inhibition experiments. NHWD870 can produce a good contraceptive effect through animal experiments in vivo, and the fertility can be restored to normal after drug withdrawal. Transcriptomics and proteomics results suggest that NHWD870 affects pathways related to spermatogenesis and maturation, further contributing to the male infertility phenotype. Our results show that NHWD870 can induce a complete and reversible contraceptive effect in mice, which is stronger than that of JQ1 and its synthesized derivatives. This study is expected to eventually lead to clinical trials.

Vladislav Zheligovsky

In 1981, Foias, Guillopé and Temam proved a priori estimates for arbitrary-order space derivatives of solutions to the Navier–Stokes equation. Such bounds are instructive in the numerical investigation of intermittency that is often observed in simulations, e.g., numerical study of vorticity moments by Donzis et al. (2013) revealed depletion of nonlinearity that may be responsible for smoothness of solutions to the Navier–Stokes equation. We employ an original method to derive analogous estimates for space derivatives of three-dimensional space-periodic weak solutions to the evolutionary equations of diffusive magnetohydrodynamics. Construction relies on space analyticity of the solutions at almost all times. An auxiliary problem is introduced, and a Sobolev norm of its solutions bounds from below the size in <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> of the region of space analyticity of the solutions to the original problem. We recover the exponents obtained earlier for the hydrodynamic problem. Moreover, the same approach is followed here to derive and prove similar a priori bounds for arbitrary-order space derivatives of the first-order time derivative of the weak MHD solutions.

Elham Mansoury Babhoutak, Dimokritos Kavadias, Nohemi Jocabeth Echeverria Vicente

Perceived discrimination, the perception of systematic exclusion due to background characteristics, has been studied extensively in general. The political consequences of this perception remain underexplored for adolescents. Discrimination may engender a rejection of common political values such as the support for democratic politics. Using the data of 1789 pupils with an average age of 16 years (grade 10) from 24 schools in Brussels, we focus on the consequences of perceived discrimination in attitudes towards violence, as well as on a rejection of representative democracy. The outcomes of a multilevel analysis suggest that high levels of self-reported perceived discrimination are significantly associated with an anti-democratic attitude (rejection of the current form of representative democracy) and the willingness to use violence. In a context in which 75% of pupils have a non-native background, these findings reveal the challenges for future forms of civic education.

T. Woźniakowski

Vincent J. Geloso

Adela María Alija Garabito

Nuestro objetivo en este trabajo es analizar la política exterior española hacia Cuba, haciendo hincapié en un aspecto concreto: el de la influencia española en la evolución de la Posición Común que la Unión Europea (UE) establecía en sus relaciones con la República cubana desde 1996 hasta 2016. El análisis de la Posición Común de la UE es interesante por diversas razones. Por un lado porque, aun cuando hubiera discrepancias en su formulación y en su evolución, es uno de los pocos ejemplos de puesta en práctica de una política exterior común europea. Por otro lado, el estudio de la Posición Común nos permite analizar el papel de España en la UE y su responsabilidad en el desarrollo de la política europea hacia Cuba. Por último, el análisis de la Posición común es significativo en tanto en cuanto nos muestra la diferente postura en política exterior del Partido Popular (PP) y del Partido Socialista Obrero español (PSOE), artífices de los sucesivos gobiernos. Palabras clave: Política exterior de España, Cuba, Política exterior de la Unión Europea, Posición común de la UE sobre Cuba, relaciones España-Cuba.

Sean Gailmard

Raphaël Franck, N. Johnson

J. Clifford, Beatrice Alex, Colin Coates et al.

ABSTRACT In the Trading Consequences project, historians, computational linguists, and computer scientists collaborated to develop a text mining system that extracts information from a vast amount of digitized published English-language sources from the “long nineteenth century” (1789 to 1914). The project focused on identifying relationships within the texts between commodities, geographical locations, and dates. The authors explain the methodology, uses, and the limitations of applying digital humanities techniques to historical research, and they argue that interdisciplinary approaches are critically important in addressing the technical challenges that arise. Collaborative teamwork of the kind described here has considerable potential to produce further advances in the large-scale analysis of historical documents.

L. Carucci, M. Turner, C. Yeatman

Lucila D’Urso

Reseña de Clara Marticorena, Trabajo y negociación colectiva. Los trabajadores en la industria argentina, de los noventa a la posconvertibilidad, Buenos Aires: Imago Mundi, 2014, 284 pgs.

Antonio Filipe Pereira Caetano

A capitania de Pernambuco, oriunda da carta foral de Duarte Coelho, abrigou uma extensa quantidade territorial. Mesmo com suas particularidades, as diversas conquistas tiveram suas divisões em relação ao “epicentro” de Olinda/Recife, em algumas ocasiões, alteradas através da administração (instituição de capitanias) e da justiça (instituição de comarcas). O presente artigo pretende abordar esta relação do “epicentro” da capitania de Pernambuco com suas diversas comarcas instauradas na região. Mais precisamente, busca-se a compreensão de como a comarca de Pernambuco e os demais agentes administrativos régios na região recebiam interações, solicitações e investigações das outras áreas judiciais da capitania e suas anexas.

Carlos Sanz Díaz

A. Petzold, Mario Vargas-Ramírez, C. Kehlmaier et al.

M. Lindorff, Elizabeth Prior Jonson, L. McGuire

N. Cummins