Könyvismertetés
A két észt professzor által jegyzett, terjedelmes és gazdagon illusztrált könyv a baltikumi peregrinációnak egy szűkebb, de annál érdekesebb szegmensét vizsgálja, az észt műszaki értelmiség külföldi képzését. A baltikumi peregrináció, a lengyelhez, vagy a magyarhoz hasonló módon azért érdekes, mert mindhárom esetben soknemzetiségű területről van szó.
The cosmopolitan, remarkable designer and chief architect of (Abbas Hilmi II) Khedive’s royal palaces, Antonio Lasciac (Italian and English) or Anton Laščak (Slovene) with multinational origin, was an exceptional personality, who played an influential role in the field of architecture in Egypt and overseas. He is one of the most appreciated foreign architects praised by the Arabs throughout modern history. Here, we focus on the picture of Antonio Lasciac and his architectural works as well as his undetermined citizenship together with the most well-known story about him as portrayed in the scientific studies and Arab press. Researchers and journalists published several interesting and positive reports, opinions and topics on him. Among the sources of this research I am presenting press articles, related studies, together with other trusted internet websites.
In this paper, the design and research of a sensor-based personal air-quality monitoring device are presented, which is retrofitted into different personal protective face masks. Due to its small size and low power consumption, the device can be integrated into and applied in practical urban usage. We present our research and the development of the sensor node based on a BME680-type environmental sensor cluster with a wireless IoT (Internet of Things)-capable central unit and overall low power consumption. The integration of the sensor node was investigated with traditional medical masks and a professional FFP2-type mask. The filtering efficiency after embedding was validated with a head model and a particle counter. We found that the professional mask withstood the embedding without losing the protective filtering aspect. We compared the inner and outer sensor data and investigated the temperature, pressure, humidity, and AQI (Air Quality Index) relations with possible sensor data-fusion options. The novelty is increased with the dual-sensor layout (inward and outward). It was found that efficient respiration monitoring is achievable with the device. With the analysis of the recorded data, characteristic signals were identified in an urban environment, enabling urban altimetry and urban zone detection. The results promote smart city concepts and help in endeavors related to SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) 3 and 11.
In practice , quite often there is a need to describe the values set by means of a table in the form of some functional dependence . The observed values , due to certain circumstances , have an error . For approximation, it is advisable to use a functional dependence that would allow smoothing out the errors of the observation results. Approximation allows you to determine intermediate values of functions that are not listed among the data in the observation table. The use of exponential series for data approximation allows you to get a result no worse than from approximation by polynomials In the economic scientific literature, approximation in the form of power functions, for example, the Cobb-Douglas function, has become widespread. The advantage of this type of approximation can be called a simple type of approximating function , and the disadvantage is that in nature not all processes can be described by power functions with a given accuracy. An example is the GDP indicator for several decades . For this case , it is difficult to find a power function approximating a numerical series . But in this case, as shown in this article, you can use exponential series to approximate the data. In this paper, the time series of Hungary's GDP in the period from 1992 to 2022 was approximated by a series of thirty exponents of a complex variable. The use of data smoothing by the method of triangles allows you to average the data and increase the accuracy of approximation . This is of practical importance if the observed random variable contains outliers that need to be smoothed out.
Piroska Pazonyi, Zoltán Szentesi, Lukács Mészáros
et al.
The Süttő 21 site is a fissure fill of the freshwater limestone of the Gazda quarry in Süttő. The material was collected between 2017 and 2019, and the results are summarised in this article, with a special focus on the small vertebrate fauna of the site and its stratigraphic and paleoecological significance. The fissure fill can be placed around the Early/Middle Pleistocene boundary (ca. 1.1 and 0.77 Ma). The paleoecological analysis of the herpeto- and mammal fauna of the sequence indicates the proximity of a permanent water body. The lower part of the sequence is dominated by open habitat indicator taxa indicating a cool, dry climate. Towards the upper part of the sequence, the climate remained cool, but became wetter, and the vegetation gradually changed to forest-steppe/open forest. The fauna of the Süttő 21 site can be compared with the material of sites that are of a similar age, thus revealing taxonomic and paleoecological differences between different areas of the country. While a warm, dry climate and open vegetation can be reconstructed in the Villány Hills around the Early/Middle Pleistocene boundary, the Northern Hungarian areas had a cooler, wetter climate and a slightly more closed (sparse forest, forest-steppe) vegetation during this period.
The article is devoted to the novel genre in Ukrainian literature. The authors offer an answer to the question of why the genre of the novel appeared so late in Ukrainian literature and what genre features the Ukrainian classic novel has. The article examines the historical background of the genre development in 19th-century Ukrainian literature, which developed in the Austro-Hungarian and Russian empires. In these empires, there were different conditions for the development of Ukrainian literature: quite liberal in Austria-Hungary and very limited in Russia due to the ban on the Ukrainian language. The article examines and analyzes in more detail three reasons explaining the late emergence and establishment of the Ukrainian novel: 1) language, 2) subject matter, and 3) literary terminology. The novel as a “non-canonical genre” (Bakhtin) requires a direct dialogue with contemporariness, and such a dialogue was impossible in the case of the 19th-century Ukrainian novel because the language of Ukrainian intellectuals at that time was not Ukrainian. In the Russian Empire, it was French or Russian, and in Austria-Hungary, it was German or Polish. Similarly, the subject of both the new Ukrainian literature in general (Ivan Kotlyarevskyi) and the first Ukrainian novels was connected not with contemporariness, but with the heroic past, that is, with the Cossack era of the 17th century (Panteleimon Kulish, Vasyl Doroshenko). The issue of literary terminology is also problematic because Ukrainian authors defined their large prose works not novels, but “opowidannia” or “powist’”, using in this case the meaning of these terms in the German tradition (Erzählung) or Polish (powieść), respectively.
* 3d International Congress of Agricultural Museums, April 19-23, 197 1, Budapest, Hungary. Sponsored by the Association Internationale des Mus&s d'Agriculture. Organized by the Magyar Mezogazdasagi Muzeum (Hungarian Agricultural Museum), Budapest, on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of its founding. Executive Bureau: L. VLCSKO, director of the museum; G. FRANZ, president of the AIMA; I. BALASSA, vice-president of the AIMA; and I. WELLMANN, secretary of the AIMA.
Nuclear power can replace fossil fuels and will have a decisive impact on the change in the approach to conventional energy. However, nuclear (or radioactive) wastes are produced by the operation of the nuclear reactors should be safely and properly disposed of. This paper assesses the uranium resources and the global state of nuclear power plants and determines the energy mixes in different countries using the most nuclear energy. Furthermore, this paper analysed the nuclear waste management and disposal and the depletion of abiotic resources, and the primary energy sources of a basic production process using electricity mix and nuclear electricity for a basic production (PET bottle manufacturing) process. The life cycle assessment was completed by applying the GaBi 8.0 (version 10.6) software and the CML method. In this study, we limit our discussion to high-level nuclear waste (HLW) and spent nuclear fuel (SNF) waste. We do not consider waste generated from uranium mining and milling, which is usually disposed of in near-surface impoundments close to the mine or the mill. The investigation of waste management methods is limited to European countries. This research work is relevant because determining abiotic resources is important in a life cycle assessment and current literature available on LCA analysis for nuclear powers remains under-developed. These results can guide and compare manufacturing processes involving a nuclear electricity and electricity grid mix input. The results of this research can be used to develop production processes using nuclear energy with lower abiotic depletion impacts. This research work facilitates the industry in making predictions for a production-scale plant using an LCA of production processes with nuclear energy consumption.
Agar dapat berinteraksi secara efisien terhadap banyaknya informasi sensori, otak memiliki strategi heuristis yang dapat menyaring informasi sekaligus mengarahkan atensi ketika muncul informasi yang penting dan krusial. Penelitian tentang otak telah mengungkapkan salah satu penanda atas sistem tersebut, yang disebut sebagai Mismatch Negativity (MMN). MMN merupakan salah satu komponen dari Event-Related brain Potentials (ERP) yang diasosiasikan dengan penanda sistem pendeteksi perubahan dan pelanggaran tiba-tiba terhadap aturan abstrak dari stimulus suara, dan dapat digunakan sebagai indikator objektif mengenai akurasi diskriminasi suara, sensori memori, maupun proses praatensi. Komponen MMN muncul sebagai gelombang negatif yang terpicu oleh stimulus yang menyimpang dari keteraturan. Metode MMN telah banyak digunakan dalam berbagai bidang penelitian hingga konteks klinis. MMN juga merupakan metode yang sangat bermanfaat untuk menyelidiki mekanisme pemrosesan kognitif pada populasi yang memiliki kesulitan untuk mengikuti prosedur eksperimen, misalnya pada anak-anak, atau pasien klinis karena sifatnya yang otomatis dan tidak membutuhkan atensi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengenalan mengenai konsep dan prinsip dasar dalam MMN, paradigma eksperimen, hingga contoh aplikasi, dan potensi penelitian yang dapat dilakukan menggunakan metode ini.
1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary, Medical School, Institute of Bioanalysis, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary, Department Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary, 6 Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 7 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology Centre, Clinical Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
Nationalism is back with a renewed force. Hungary is a virulent example of the new nationalist ascendancy. As the country was a former liberal star pupil, Hungary’s neo-nationalist turn has been puzzling researchers for years. This study goes beyond the entrenched polarisations in the literature by highlighting the dynamic interplay between culture, structure and identity. It proposes to conceptualise Hungary’s neo-nationalist turn as a Polanyian countermovement against commodification, globalisation and deindustrialisation. The article presents the results of a thematic analysis of 82 interviews with workers in four towns in Hungary’s rustbelt and highlights how the multiscalar lived experience of commodifying reforms violated an implicit social contract and changed workers’ narrative identities. In the absence of a class-based shared narrative and lacking a viable political tool to control their fate, working-class neo-nationalism emerged as a new narrative identity to express workers’ anger and outrage.
David Tjandra Nugraha, John-Lewis Zinia Zaukuu, Juan Pablo Aguinaga Bósquez
et al.
Mung bean is a leguminous crop with specific trait in its diet, namely in the form of anti-nutrient components. The sprouting process is commonly done for better nutritional acceptance of mung bean as it presents better nutritional benefits. Sprouted mung bean serves as a cheap source of protein and ascorbic acid, which are dependent on the sprouting process, hence the importance of following the biological process. In larger production scale, there has not been a definite standard for mung bean sprouting, raising the need for quick and effective mung bean sprout quality checks. In this regard, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been recognized as a highly sensitive technique for quality control that seems suitable for this study. The aim of this paper was to describe quality parameters (water content, pH, conductivity, and ascorbic acid by titration) during sprouting using conventional analytical methods and advanced NIRS techniques as correlative methods for modelling sprouted mung beans’ quality and ascorbic acid content. Mung beans were sprouted in 6 h intervals up to 120 h and analyzed using conventional methods and a NIR instrument. The results of the standard analytical methods were analyzed with univariate statistics (analysis of variance (ANOVA)), and the NIRS spectral data was assessed with the chemometrics approach (principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA), and partial least squares regression (PLSR)). Water content showed a monotonous increase during the 120 h of sprouting. The change in pH and conductivity did not describe a clear pattern during the sprouting, confirming the complexity of the biological process. Spectral data-based discriminant analysis was able to distinctly classify the bean sprouts with 100% prediction accuracy. A NIRS-based model for ascorbic acid determination was made using standard ascorbic acid to quantify the components in the bean extract. A rapid detection technique within sub-percent level was developed for mung bean ascorbic acid content with R<sup>2</sup> above 0.90. The NIR-based prediction offers reliable estimation of mung bean sprout quality
This paper is concerned with the stability problem of the positive equilibrium of a Nicholson's blowflies model with nonlinear density-dependent mortality rate subject to stochastic perturbations. More specifically, the existence of a unique positive equilibrium of a Nicholson's blowflies model described by the delay differential equation
\begin{equation*}
N'(t)=-\left(a-be^{-N(t)}\right)+\beta N(t-\tau)e^{-\gamma N(t-\tau)}
\end{equation*}
is first quoted. It is assumed that the underlying model in noisy environments is exposed to stochastic perturbations, which are proportional to the derivation of the state from the equilibrium point. Then, by utilizing a stability criterion formulated for linear stochastic differential delay equations, explicit stability conditions are obtained. An extension to models with multiple delays is also presented.
Zelma Faisal, Virág Vörös, Eszter Fliszár-Nyúl
et al.
Ochratoxins, patulin, deoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin are mycotoxins, and common contaminants in food and drinks. Human serum albumin (HSA) forms complexes with certain mycotoxins. Since HSA can affect the toxicokinetics of bound ligand molecules, the potential interactions of ochratoxin B (OTB), ochratoxin C (OTC), patulin, deoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin with HSA were examined, employing spectroscopic (fluorescence, UV, and circular dichroism) and ultrafiltration techniques. Furthermore, the influence of albumin on the cytotoxicity of these xenobiotics was also evaluated in cell experiments. Fluorescence studies showed the formation of highly stable OTB–HSA and OTC–HSA complexes. Furthermore, fluorescence quenching and circular dichroism measurements suggest weak or no interaction of patulin, deoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin with HSA. In ultrafiltration studies, OTB and OTC strongly displaced the Sudlow’s site I ligand warfarin, while other mycotoxins tested did not affect either the albumin binding of warfarin or naproxen. The presence of HSA significantly decreased or even abolished the OTB- and OTC-induced cytotoxicity in cell experiments; however, the toxic impacts of patulin, deoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin were not affected by HSA. In summary, the complex formation of OTB and OTC with albumin is relevant, whereas the interactions of patulin, deoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin with HSA may have low toxicological importance.
Control charts have traditionally been used in industrial statistics, but are constantly seeing new areas of application, especially in the age of Industry 4.0. This paper introduces a new method, which is suitable for applications in the healthcare sector, especially for monitoring a health-characteristic of a patient. We adapt a Markov chain-based approach and develop a method in which not only the shift size (i.e. the degradation of the patient's health) can be random, but the effect of the repair (i.e. treatment) and time between samplings (i.e. visits) too. This means that we do not use many often-present assumptions which are usually not applicable for medical treatments. The average cost of the protocol, which is determined by the time between samplings and the control limit, can be estimated using the stationary distribution of the Markov chain. Furthermore, we incorporate the standard deviation of the cost into the optimisation procedure, which is often very important from a process control viewpoint. The sensitivity of the optimal parameters and the resulting average cost and cost standard deviation on different parameter values is investigated. We demonstrate the usefulness of the approach for real-life data of patients treated in Hungary: namely the monitoring of cholesterol level of patients with cardiovascular event risk. The results showed that the optimal parameters from our approach can be somewhat different from the original medical parameters.