The writer Anna Seghers (1900-1983) is a crucial figure in the literature of the GDR and a major participant in the post-war Soviet-German dialogue. Until recently, researchers, both German and Russian, had little interest in her. In German, the American Germanist of Austrian origin K. Zehl Romero published her most complete biography and two volumes of selected letters. In Russian German studies, there are no fundamental studies of the life and work of Seghers. This article presents the history of Seghers’s relations with the Soviet Writers’ Union in the post-war period. Seghers regularly came to the USSR at the invitation of the SWU, the Committee for International Lenin Prizes, or on her initiative, not only for creative purposes but also for recreation and treatment. The writer corresponded with a large number of Soviet authors and literary scholars (T.L. Motyleva, L. Kopelev, V. Stezhensky, I. Ehrenburg, et al.). The collaboration between the German writer and the SWU was defined by both parties as “friendship.” Based on letters preserved in two archives (in the Moscow RGALI and the Berlin Anna-Seghers-Archive), the article examines the main lines of the writer’s relations with her Soviet colleagues. Despite the fact that in the history of post-war Soviet-German contacts the concept of friendship, being the ideological dominant of the cultural policy of the USSR, meant business partnership, the author of the article comes to the conclusion about truly warm and trusting relations between Seghers and her Soviet friends.
Literature (General), Slavic languages. Baltic languages. Albanian languages
The article attempts to answer three questions: 1. about the components of the overall print funeral sermon, 2. about the status of the individual subtexts of the funeral sermon, and 3. about the status of the funeral sermon as a communicative whole, whereby the answer to the third question represents the culmination of the considerations. Based on a discussion in the relevant literature on the topic of complex textual wholes and her own findings, which were gained on the basis of Gdansk funeral sermons from the years 1586–1746, the author of the article decides on the designation „text complex funeral sermon“, which allows the following characteristics of this unit to be captured: 1. formal, functional and content-related connections between subtexts, which include main text (the actual sermon), paratexts (title page, dedication, epilogue) and potentially autonomous text (curriculum vitae); 2. affiliation of the individual subtexts to different text types, whereby text type status is not obligatory; 3. no temporal and spatial distance of the individual subtexts; 4. placement on a single carrier.
The German occupiers abolished the Supreme Court in the General Government. In the Polish (non-German) judiciary sector, there was no court of the highest instance to ensure the unification of jurisprudence. The competence to ensure the uniformity of jurisprudence and resolve existing doubts and legal issues was transferred to the courts of appeal. The objective of the present article was to demonstrate the procedure and practice of issuing legal theses by the Court of Appeal in Kraków. The article also presents changes in the composition of the judges and the territorial jurisdiction of the Kraków Court of Appeal. Archival sources constitute the source basis of the work. We also resorted to the latest subject literature. The work is based mainly on the analysis of archival sources and legal acts, so the scientific methods typical of the history of law were applied.
*The present publication was elaborated as part of the research project entitled “Charakter prawny i rola tez prawnych uchwalanych przez polskie (nieniemieckie) sądy apelacyjne w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie w okresie II wojny światowej” financed by the National Science Center, Poland –under contract No. UMO-2017/27/N/HS5/00812.
BackgroundIn the context of the digital transformation of all areas of society, health care providers are also under pressure to change. New technologies and a change in patients’ self-perception and health awareness require rethinking the provision of health care services. New technologies and the extensive use of data can change provision processes, optimize them, or replace them with new services. The inpatient sector, which accounts for a particularly large share of health care spending, plays a major role in this regard.
ObjectiveThis study examined the influences of current trends in digitization on inpatient service delivery.
MethodsWe conducted a scoping review. This was applied to identify the international trends in digital transformation as they relate to hospitals. Future trends were considered from different perspectives. Using the defined inclusion criteria, international peer-reviewed articles published between 2016 and 2021 were selected. The extracted core trends were then contextualized for the German hospital sector with 12 experts.
ResultsWe included 44 articles in the literature analysis. From these, 8 core trends could be deduced. A heuristic impact model of the trends was derived from the data obtained and the experts’ assessments. This model provides a development corridor for the interaction of the trends with regard to technological intensity and supply quality. Trend accelerators and barriers were identified.
ConclusionsThe impact analysis showed the dependencies of a successful digital transformation in the hospital sector. Although data interoperability is of particular importance for technological intensity, the changed self-image of patients was shown to be decisive with regard to the quality of care. We show that hospitals must find their role in new digitally driven ecosystems, adapt their business models to customer expectations, and use up-to-date information and communications technologies.
By covering the body with animal skin, the fundamental differences between human and animals can change. Wearing the fur of a wild animal, such as a bear, is generally seen as a sign of strength; can wearing luxurious pelts consequently be understood in the same way? The discrepancy between nature and culture is obvious. Pelt, on the one hand, is a sign of a fully established cultural process, but nevertheless it is the skin of a beast which the fictional protagonists of the courtly society wear. The central question of this article is how the motif of wearing animal skin, and especially pelt, is used in a literary text. Can the apparent difference between roughly tanned animal skin and costly pelts be more than a status symbol? The article discusses the oscillation between humans and animals by means of wearing fur or pelt in the late medieval tale Aristoteles und Phyllis. Also, to consider human-animal discourse more generally, the ambiguity of the Middle High German term vel will be discussed by the example of passages of pelt wearing figures in the work of Wolfram von Eschenbach.
Germanic languages. Scandinavian languages, History of Northern Europe. Scandinavia
Graça Cardadeiro, Vera Zymbal, Daphne Kaitelidou
et al.
Background: As the European population ages, it becomes increasingly important to promote and facilitate healthy and active ageing and age-friendly societies. Professionals across a range of disciplines and sectors need knowledge and skills to support both. Objective: This scoping review aims to identify and map the literature on learning needs, learning outcomes and respective curricula in healthy and active ageing and age-friendly society concepts. Inclusion criteria: Studies focused on the teaching/learning process in healthy and active ageing and/or age-friendly society, of any design type, are eligible. Included studies may focus on undergraduate, postgraduate or continuing education and on any aspect of the educational process, such as needs analysis, content delivery, learner satisfaction/acceptability, or education outcome. Methods: This review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for conducting scoping reviews. Four electronic databases, PubMed, EBSCO (Academic Search Complete), Scopus and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), will be searched, limited to studies published from 1st January 2000. Text language will be limited to English, German, Greek, Portuguese, Finnish, and Slovenian. Google Scholar and Research Gate will be searched for grey literature, limited to the first 50 results of each. Title and abstract screening, followed by full-text screening will be undertaken independently by at least two reviewers. The JBI extraction tool will be adapted for data extraction. Quality assessment will be conducted using a tool developed by Hawker and colleagues. A narrative synthesis will outline the data in relation to the aims and objectives outlined.
The imbalance market is very volatile and often exhibits extreme price spikes. This makes it very hard to model; however, if predicted correctly, one could make significant gains by participating on the right side of the market. In this manuscript, we conduct a very short-term probabilistic forecasting of imbalance prices, contributing to the scarce literature in this novel subject. The forecasting is performed 30 min before the delivery, so that the trader might still choose the trading place. The distribution of the imbalance prices is modelled and forecasted using methods well-known in the electricity price forecasting literature: lasso with bootstrap, gamlss, and probabilistic neural networks. The methods are compared with a naive benchmark in a meaningful rolling window study. The results provide evidence of the efficiency between the intraday and balancing markets as the sophisticated methods do not substantially overperform the intraday continuous price index. On the other hand, they significantly improve the empirical coverage. Therefore, the traders should avoid participating in the balancing market, which is inline with the objective and current regulations of the market. The analysis was conducted on the German market; however, it could be easily applied to any other market of a similar structure.
Being a woman and a translator has long been synonymous with disappearance: the disappearance of women from an art history that was essentially written in male form; the disappearance of translators from a literary history that focused on the figure of the author. While gender studies since the 1970s have been concerned with the specifics of women’s careers as artists, translation studies have been increasingly concerned with the careers and works of individual women translators. In both cases, the interwar period proved to be a transitional phase: as a result of political and social developments, some women managed to establish themselves more or less permanently in the literary field. At the same time, the 1920s and 1930s saw an increasing professionalization and public recognition of literary translation. This essay examines these developments through the case of two Franco-German translators and creators of the time: Clara Malraux and Jeanne Stern.
The paper hereunder is an attempt at an analysis of the foreign language morphemes on the example of the COVID-19 virus’ and its pandemic’s nomenclature in German language. The research area has been presented on the basis of the lexemes, which come into the German in the context of the reports about the spread of the global epidemic. The individual lexical units are sorted on account of the life areas of the language users and analysed in view of their structure and assimilation’s grade in the lexical and morphological system of the target language.
Högerle Bernadette, Charifzadeh Michel, Ferencz Marlene
et al.
This study investigates empirically the development of working capital management and its impact on profitability and shareholder value in Germany. We analyse panel data of 115 firms listed on the German Prime Standard, covering the period from 2011 to 2017. The results provide evidence that efficient working capital management, indicated by a shorter cash conversion cycle, deteriorated over time, but that a shorter cash conversion has a positive impact on profitability and shareholder value. The findings highlight the need that managers should give greater priority to working capital optimization, even in a low-interest environment. The paper contributes to the literature by advancing this research area in Germany, and it is the first study investigating shareholder relationship with working capital management and all its determinants.
Production management. Operations management, Personnel management. Employment management
O artigo aborda as experiências fotografias e narrativas do fotojornalista austríaco Mario Baldi, que trabalhou entre os índios brasileiros na primeira metade do século XX. Baldi escreveu um livro sobre sua convivência com os Carajá e publicou tanto no Brasil quanto na Alemanha. O objetivo dessa análise é comparar as duas versões e abordar as inovações e limites das representações que Baldi faz da alteridade cultural brasileira, influenciadas por um romantismo etnológico compartilhado por alguns estudiosos brasileiros e alemães, denominado nos anos 1940 e 1950 de indiologia brasileira.
German literature, Germanic languages. Scandinavian languages
Based on the notion of experiments as “Experimentalsysteme” (Rheinberger) explicated by recent history of science studies the following paper examines how experiments are conducted in and are relevant to Robert Musil’s modern novel Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften on a thematic, textual, epistemological and poetological level. Focus areas are representations of different experimental constellations, i.e. scientific, poetic and thought experiments, the relation of experimental literary operations and scientific experimentation as well as Musil’s understanding of essayism as an experimental configuration between science and aesthetics.
The following paper focuses on a field of science research which has not yet been thoroughly researched in many countries: mixed languages in the science classroom. This area represents terra incognita in many areas of science education research. First, this paper will define the term heterogeneity and contrast it with the term diversity. According to the literature, one word stands for challenges, while the other highlights the opportunities arising from heterogeneity in science classrooms. The focus here will be on students’ linguistic heterogeneity in science. The main part of this paper discusses a collaborative research and development project carried out by in-service science teachers, teachers of German as a Second Language (GSL), and science educators. The project was developed under the framework of Participatory Action Research in science education. It focuses on the development of teaching modules for early lower secondary science (grades 5 to 7, ages 10-13) on different topics, including matter and its properties and water. The teaching modules consequently implement learning content and language as envisioned in the Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) approach. After focusing on linguistic heterogeneity and various means for dealing with it, the question of whether such heterogeneity in science classes represents a challenge and/or an opportunity will be raised and discussed.
Christine Daigle. Jean-Paul Sartre by Candice Nicolas Anna Marie Sandoval. Toward a Latina Feminism of the Americas: Repression and Resistance in Chicana and Mexicana Literature by Yajaira M. Padilla Ruth Cruickshank. Fin de millénaire French Fiction: The Aesthetics of Crisis by Martine Motard-Noar Sanna Turoma. Brodsky Abroad: Empire, Tourism, Nostalgia by Galya Diment Svetlana Alexievich. Voices from Chernobyl: the Oral History of a Nuclear Disaster by Teresa Polowy Leslie Raymond Williams. A Companion to Gabriel García Márquez by David William Foster
German literature, French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature
The publication of Charlotte Roche’s controversial novel Feuchtgebiete , along with a wave of nonfiction popfeminist writings, prompted heated debates in 2008 among different generations of German feminists. Despite their attempts to call attention to historically persistent forms of sexism, popfeminists quite emphatically distanced themselves from Alice Schwarzer, the face of German feminism for over thirty-five years. Yet casting themselves as rebels who break away from Schwarzer’s second-wave feminism has necessitated that they suppress affinities and shared blind spots in order to underscore their ostensibly less dogmatic, more fun approach. Feuchtgebiete , Alexa Hennig von Lange’s Relax and Elke Naters’s Lügen depict generational conflicts in terms of fraught bonds between mothers and daughters, a dynamic which sheds light on these tensions among feminists. This essay highlights the coexistence in each novel of a pop sensibility with aspects of contemporary and historical feminism. If the former feeds highly individual choices and signifying acts, the latter points to a collective identity and social movement. As much as the protagonists experience the chasm between these two poles, they also point to forward-thinking ways of re-conceptualizing feminism.
German literature, French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature
This paper approaches questions concerning categories such as regional and universal and the exhaustion of the latter as qualifying criterion applied to regional literature works. On the other hand, there are theoretical and methodological contributions developed in the German academic field (Scheichel 1993; Stüben 2002; Grywatsch 2008), where the regional literature finds a favoured space in the discussions, and the criteria for measuring the works quality are built relying on sociological aspects of production and reception into regional and supra-regional contexts.
German literature, Germanic languages. Scandinavian languages
Aus der Sicht der Neurowissenschaft kann Kognition als ein Wissenserwerb-Prozess definiert werden, der sowohl Informationen aus der Umwelt als auch aus unserem Gedächtnis verwendet. Der Prozess baut auf Perzeption, Aufmerksamkeit, Gedächtnis und Handeln auf und läuft nicht immer bewusst ab. Es handelt sich dabei aber nicht nur um Wissenserwerb, sondern um die Umwandlung all dessen, was vom Lerner anhand seiner Identität und Erfahrungen wahrgenommen wird. Davon ausgehend wird hier ein theoretisches Modell der Wissensverarbeitung im Rahmen der Produktion in einer Fremdsprache vorgestellt, das auf neuen neurowissenschaftlichen Theorien über Gedächtnis, Lernen und die Verarbeitung von Repräsentationen häufiger linguistischer Sequenzen (chunks) basiert und mit Daten aus dem Bereich Deutsch als Fremdsprache illustriert wird. Aus dem Modell ergibt sich, dass theoretisches Wissen über eine Fremdsprache und die Fähigkeit, die Sprache erfolgreich zu verwenden, als einander ergänzende, während des Lernprozesses miteinander interagierende Fähigkeiten anzusehen sind, und nicht als zwei Phasen einer durch Lernzeit und Speicherung im Gedächtnis bestimmten einheitlichen Kenntnis, wie von manchen Autoren vorgeschlagen wird.
German literature, Germanic languages. Scandinavian languages