This research examines the systemic deficiencies in Tanzania’s High Court Civil Justice Case Management System (CMS), with particular emphasis on its three foundational components: case scrutinisation, event scheduling, and procedural control. The study employs a comprehensive analysis of current legal frameworks and procedural mechanisms to evaluate the system’s effectiveness in facilitating timely justice delivery. The investigation reveals significant structural weaknesses across multiple phases of civil proceedings. At the admission stage, inadequate initial case scrutinisation allows flawed cases to progress through the system, necessitating subsequent judicial intervention during judgment writing. The research identifies critical gaps in statutory time management, particularly in pre-trial proceedings where temporal constraints remain undefined. The hearing phase demonstrates similar systemic shortcomings, lacking prescribed commencement timeframes and allowing indefinite extensions of speed tracks. Furthermore, the study uncovers substantial deficiencies in appellate proceedings, specifically in the scrutinisation and scheduling of appeals, revisions, and auxiliary applications. While the system implements a ninety-day rule for judgment delivery and implies scrutinisation duties, it lacks robust enforcement mechanisms, ultimately compromising judicial efficiency. This analysis contributes to the scholarly discourse on judicial reform by highlighting how structural inadequacies in case management systems can impede civil justice administration. The research concludes by proposing targeted reforms to enhance the existing CMS framework, potentially offering insights for similar jurisdictions grappling with case management challenges.
The mainstream launch of generative AI video platforms represents a major change to the socio-technical system of digital media, raising critical questions about public perception and societal impact. While research has explored isolated technical or ethical facets, a holistic understanding of the user experience of AI-generated videos—as an interrelated set of perceptions, emotions, and behaviors—remains underdeveloped. This study addresses this gap by conceptualizing public discourse as a complex system of interconnected themes. We apply a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative LDA topic modeling with qualitative interpretation to analyze 11,418 YouTube comments reacting to AI-generated videos. The study’s primary contribution is the development of a novel, three-tiered framework that models user experience. This framework organizes 15 empirically derived topics into three interdependent layers: (1) Socio-Technical Systems and Platforms (the enabling infrastructure), (2) AI-Generated Content and Esthetics (the direct user-artifact interaction), and (3) Societal and Ethical Implications (the emergent macro-level consequences). Interpreting this systemic structure through the lens of the ABC model of attitudes, our analysis reveals the distinct Affective (e.g., the “uncanny valley”), Behavioral (e.g., memetic participation), and Cognitive (e.g., epistemic anxiety) dimensions that constitute the major elements of user experience. This empirically grounded model provides a holistic map of public discourse, offering actionable insights for managing the complex interplay between technological innovation and societal adaptation within this evolving digital system.
The notion of communicative competence, the theoretical basis of the communicative approach, was widely discussed in the 1970-80s, but in our century it has not been any longer analysed systematically, thus turning into an intuitive notion rather than a scientific one. The author considers the increasing interest of educational linguists in the textual component of communicative competence and proposes a shift from the theoretical model of competence he designed in the 1990s to a new model, where textual elements play a central role.
Deepfake technology has become a powerful tool in shaping media narratives and public perception, particularly in the realm of political discourse. This study analyzes the impact of deepfake videos on media agenda-setting and national security, using the case study of a deepfake video featuring German Chancellor Olaf Scholz announcing a ban on the far-right party Alternative für Deutschland (AfD). Through a qualitative content analysis of eight major German media outlets, the study identifies the frames used in reporting on the video, its ethical and political implications, and the role of the media in curbing misinformation. The findings reveal that while the coverage successfully debunked the deepfake, it also sparked discussions about the potential for AI-generated content to influence political discourse and undermine democratic integrity. By examining this case, the study contributes to ongoing discussions about the intersection of AI, media credibility, and political communication. Furthermore, it highlights the risks that deepfake technology poses not only to media and political communication but also to national security. This research helps to understand how deepfake content has the potential to legitimize narratives and outlines the need for a more systemic response towards addressing the threats posed by synthetic content in the digital ecosystem.
All texts are made up of single words, words and sentences that are put together for a specific purpose to convey a specific meaning or concept. A text is a longer unit than a sentence and becomes a discourse when it is coherent. In coherence theory, text analysis is at the core of all readings. In fact, the author reflects his real and meta-real world with the help of language and maintaining the relationship between the elements that make up the text, adding to the semantic depth, effectiveness and allure of the text as well as its appeal to the audience. The present study analyzed the elements of the text coherence in Ibn Hussām Khosfi's Khāvarān Nāma, using Halliday and Hassan’s text coherence theory (1976 AD), in the two categories of "grammatical and lexical". One finding of this research is that lexical and semantic elements, especially the element of repetition, are the first and foremost factor of coherence and cohesion of the text. Considering that the Khāvarān Nāma is an epic-narrative text from the omniscient point of view, the text has a central axis and the reference of pronouns in the sentences, as another important factor in text coherence, is both limited and specific. What creates this unity and coherence is the poet’s profound thought, which flows in the longitudinal axis of the poems.
Capitalism is focused on production and the free market. As a result, optimizing time has become one of the anchors for tyrannical productivity. To keep the production rate and receive both a psychological and an economic reward –linked to the so-called happycracy – taking care of nutrition has become a key factor in keeping this lifestyle. Social networks and our hyper-connected world have contributed to the spread of these time-efficient practices as well as supposedly healthy diets. This public exhibition has been coined "productivity porn" by Janira Planes (@janiraplanes). The logics underlying these practices are grounded on neoliberalism, in which human beings are objectified and image cultivation is essential – mainly linked to eternally young and non-overweight looks and maximum work performance. This work presents the results obtained by analyzing the DAME Corpus (Discourse of Nutrition in the media, University of Vigo). Particularly, our research goals are as follows: (i) observe whether Spanish written press conveys ideas on productivity, health, and positivity when talking about nutrition; (ii) detect the discursive strategies used to express these constructs through these media; (iii) reflect on how these ideas are adopted by their audiences. To do this, critical discourse analysis techniques have been applied to analyze the corpus. Moreover, the data obtained in a survey with 208 participants have been included to learn about public opinion. The results identify the discursive resources the Spanish written press uses to link productivity porn and happycracy with food discourse. Furthermore, a reflection on the dangers these ideas imply for both physical and mental health is presented. These discursive strategies have been identified as perpetuation strategies for the capitalist ideology.
Philology. Linguistics, French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature
The article is devoted to the analysis of the linguistic representation and functional features of the metaphorical complexes death and movement in the German-language novel discourse. The research was based on the novel «Tyll» (2017) written by the modern German writer D. Kehlmann. The novel tells about the character of German medieval legends Till Eulenspiegel portrayed as vagabond and artist, placed in the landscape of the Thirty Years’ War. The relevance of the research is due to the lack of systematic studies of the novel metaphor and its dominant role in the process of meaning generation in literary texts at the «new turn of the century». The author used an integral approach to the problem under study. The initial theoretical premise of the study is the recognition of the serious cognitive potential of metaphor, realized in the process of artistic cognition. As a result of the research, it was found that the metaphorical complex death is embodied by D. Kehlmann in the novel by sequence of figurative rows that create a metaphorical connection between the arrival of the harbinger of death Till Eulenspiegel and the onset of War. The author suggests considering the process of formation of the metaphorical complex movement in a series of text fragments created with the participation of verbs with semantics of movement, spatial prepositions and adverbs of repetition. Attempting to characterize the rhythmic specificity of the novel text under study, the author comes to the conclusion that the main method used by D. Kehlmann is justification of rhythmic expectation. The rhythm of the text is consistent with the conceptual dance of the main character through subjectively ranged gradation rows with an ascending increment of semantic and emotionally expressive significance, which determine the author’s modality. Metaphorical complexes death and movement have prognostic and compositional functions. The results obtained confirm the metaphoricity of the novel under study and the necessity to analyze other metaphorical complexes as part of the central novel metaphor as an important category of modern German literature.
Monitoring, analyzing, and managing public sentiment surrounding urban emergencies hold significant importance for city governments in executing effective response strategies and maintaining social stability. In this study, we present a study which was conducted regarding the self-built house collapse incident in Changsha, China, that occurred on 29 April 2022, with a focus on leveraging Sina Weibo (a Twitter-like microblogging system in China) comment data. By employing the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model, we identified key discussion themes within the comments and explored the emotional and spatio-temporal characteristics of the discourse. Furthermore, utilizing geographic detectors, we investigated the factors influencing the spatial variations in comment data. Our research findings indicate that the comments can be categorized into three main themes: “Rest in Peace for the Deceased”, “Wishing for Safety”, and “Thorough Investigation of Self-Built Houses”. Regarding emotional features, the overall sentiment expressed in the public discourse displayed positivity, albeit with significant fluctuations during different stages of the incident, including the initial occurrence, rescue efforts, and the establishment of accountability and investigative committees. These fluctuations were closely associated with the emotional polarity of the specific topics. In terms of temporal distribution, the peak in the number of comments occurred approximately one hour after the topic was published. Concerning spatial distribution, a positive sentiment prevailed across various provinces. The comment distribution exhibited a stair-like pattern, which correlated with interregional population migration and per capita GDP. Our study provides valuable insights for city governments and relevant departments in conducting sentiment analysis and guiding public opinion trends.
In a threatened world, the need for pathways to sustainability has become urgent. Teachers have a significant role in using critical thinking (CT) as an integrated aspect of education for sustainable development (ESD). As part of the Critical Thinking in Sustainability Education (CriThiSE) project, this paper explores how primary school teachers positioned themselves with regard to CT in ESD during group interviews. Among the findings derived through critical discourse analysis, “otherness” positions were identified in teachers’ discourse. These positions were interpreted via positioning theory (PT) as part of the critical discourse analysis while tracing personal pronouns. Here, different positions were identified through the use of the pronouns they, theirs and the generic you, suggesting that otherness reflects a tendency to “care about” (CT disposition). Another finding was that the teachers’ collective positions, through the pronouns such as we, us, they, theirs, ours and the generic you, might suggest an implicatory denial embedded in the sociocultural perspective in relation to sustainability. From the ESD perspective, the findings highlight that CT is more than a matter of skills. The study highlights the importance of taking into account teachers’ CT dispositions as an important consideration to better understand teachers’ engagement with CT in ESD.
The present study focuses on the correlation between ecosophy and visual grammar. For this purpose, this study incorporates Guattari’s ecosophy through the model of Kress and Van Leeuwen’s visual grammar(2006) to trace the environmental crisis in the graphic novel ‘Vanni: A Family’s Struggle through the Sri Lankan Conflict’ (2009). The study is qualitative in nature based on multimodal discourse analysis. The findings of the study developed arguments for an ecosophical lens as a way of creating a change of vision within our ethical, social, and political spaces. Through the representational, interactive, and compositional meanings represented in Vanni's visuals, Felix Guattari's ecosophies highlight the trauma of war and its impact on people and the environment.
English literature, Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar
Eating disorders among adolescent girls are a public health concern. Adolescent girls that participate in aesthetic sport, such as dance, are of particular concern as they experience the highest rates of clinical eating disorders. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of young girls in the world of competitive dance and examine how these experiences shape their relationship with the body; feminist poststructural discourse analysis was employed to critically explore this relationship. Interviews were conducted across Canada with twelve young girls in competitive dance (14-18 years of age) to better understand how the dominant discourses in the world of competitive dance constitute the beliefs, values and practices about body and body image. Environment, parents, coaches, and peers emerged as the largest influencers in shaping the young dancers' relationship with their body. These influencers were found to generate and perpetuate body image discourses that reinforce the ideal dancer's body and negative body image.
This article is an attempt to investigate the recontextualisation and transformation process involved in the pedagogic discourse of Islamic State classroom textbooks during its takeover of some parts of Iraq. The article uses an eclectic analytical framework comprising Bernstein's pedagogical model of recontextualization, Linell's levels of recontextualization, Fairclough's concept of genre mixing, Wodak's discourse-historical approach (DHA), and Barthes' model of visual semiotics. These mixed approaches are applied to the analysis of a variety of visual images of Islamic State published textbooks and classroom pedagogic visual aids downloaded from different websites. It is found that the meaning of the pedagogic discourse is transformed via interdiscursive recontextualisation processed in two reversal directions: a militarization of pedagogic discourse and a pedagogization of decapitation practice. Recontextualisation is exceptionally significant with regard to Islamic State jihadist pedagogic discourse that is reframed historically and ideologically to suit an extreme sense of religious intolerance which Islamic State prioritizes as a foundation of regaining and refreshing their lost Islamic caliphate.
The article presents the results of an analysis of Polish scientific conferences devoted to problems of higher education. The analysis focuses on two related issues: the intensity of the scientific and conference debate and its detailed subject matter. From a theoretical point of
view, scientific conferences have been included as an element of the dispositif of the university, a discursive system that combines strong regulatory processes with interpretive multiplicity and openness (Maeße & Hamann, 2016; Angermuller, 2010). The results of the study showed: 1) a limited share of scientific conferences in the debate on the reform of higher education, 2) their thematic consolidation, and 3) formations of pedagogization, economization, metaphorization and ethicalization of knowledge about the university as part of conference discourse.
ABSTRACT Conceptual metaphor constitutes both the theoretical framework and a tool for eliciting and analyzing data in this qualitative research study. The aim of this study is to analyze the role of conceptual metaphors for unpacking research participants’ conceptualizations about lesson planning in Chilean schools. An eliciting metaphor questionnaire was designed to require respondents to complete the statement “lesson planning is like…because…”. The data were analyzed through content analysis for metaphors, as follows: pre-analysis, labeling, classification, categorizing, peer judgment. The questionnaire was applied to 54 Chilean teachers from different schools. Four metaphor categories were obtained: Map, Foundations, Instructions, Burden.
Archetype is the eternal symbols of ancient thought, accumulated by the collective unconscious of human minds. These patterns are forming a part of the information of collective unconscious. The "wise old man" is one of the most important archetypes, the symbol of spiritual world as well as that of the father in the material world. This character directs all of persons toward emancipation and optimism in critical conditions. Maqāmāt Hamidi is a magnum opus in Persian literature, in which the champion tells amazing stories each time in a different and unknown appearance to free the narrator of hardship and poverty, fulfill his needs with a type of generosity and champion characteristic, and finally disappear. In this sense, Maqāmāt Hamid, which mostly include the stories of ruffians and mobs, is different from other similar works of literature, as it revolved around spiritual and mystic concepts. According to this research, the purpose of the "wise old man" archetype in Maqāmāt Hamidi is preaching, teaching, appearing as the "spiritual old man", the “traveling old man”, and the "wise gallant", all of which are representations of the same wise old man.
Drug trafficking in Mexico has been inspired by corridos, novels, telenovelas, films, new religious images (Malverde, the Holy Death), in general of a change of imaginary that is not only reflected in the number of dead, but in a lack of Values coming from policausal factors and that is leading vertiginosa to insensibility. The study is aimed at drug trafficking literature. The first part defines the background, the theorys fundamentals ; The second is dedicated to the methodology indicating the corpus to be treated and the analysis of the literary discourse. The third to the results obtained and finally offer some reflections as proposals.