يهدف هذا البحث إلى تكييف العلاقات التعاقدية الناشئة عن نشاط التطبيقات، واستخلاص التزاماتها ومسؤولياتها تجاه المتعاملين معها. إذ تعمل تطبيقات توصيل الأطعمة كحلقة وصل بين المطاعم والمستهلكين والسائقين، وتدار من خلال منظومة إلكترونية معقدة. وتخضع هذه التطبيقات لعدد كبير من الأنظمة واللوائح والقرارات، مما يشكل صعوبة في تحديد الالتزامات القانونية لهذه التطبيقات. وقد اتّبع البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لنصوص الأنظمة واللوائح والقرارات. وتم تقسيم البحث إلى مقدمة وتمهيد وثلاثة مباحث، جاء التمهيد في التعريف بتطبيقات توصيل الأطعمة وآلية عملها. وتطرق المبحث الأول إلى التكييف النظامي لنشاط تطبيقات التوصيل والعقود التي تنشئها، وتناول المبحث الثاني: التزامات تطبيقات التوصيل تجاه أطراف العلاقة، أما المبحث الثالث فتناول المسؤولية النظامية المترتبة على الإخلال بأي من هذه الالتزامات، وتوصل إلى أن العلاقات التي تنشأ بين التطبيقات والمتعاملين معها تكيّف بأنها عقود مركّبة تجمع بين الوساطة والوكالة والنقل والخدمات الإلكترونية، إضافة إلى عقد العمل. وأن تطبيقات توصيل الأطعمة تلتزم بالالتزامات التي تمليها هذه العقود، إضافة إلى الالتزامات التي نصت عليها الأنظمة. وأن مسؤوليات تطبيقات توصيل الأطعمة تجاه المتعاملين معها تتنوع بين المسؤولية العقدية والتقصيرية إضافة إلى المسؤولية الإدارية.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
During the construction of cable joints, three common defects may occur on the XLPE surface: scratches, moisture exposure, and adhered contaminated particles. To evaluate the impact of these defects on joint performance, this paper establishes a sheet model of XLPE insulation in cable joints to analyze the changes in the electric field under different defects and explore the influence of different defects on the electric field and breakdown voltage. Results of the study reveal that the electric field at the scratch site on XLPE produces severe distortion, being 1.6 times that of non-scratch areas. When exposed to moisture, the more conductive impurities present in the adhered contaminated water on the XLPE surface, the higher the conductivity of the contaminated water, thereby increasing its conductive performance and the electric field strength, which is 1.22–1.4 times that of the non-moist interface. When particles adhere to the XLPE surface, severe distortion occurs at the particle-interface electric field, approximately 1.5 times that of the defect-free interface. Scratches have the most significant impact on the electric field of XLPE insulation. Experimental results also demonstrate that the breakdown voltage without defects is 129.6 kV, while the breakdown voltage with scratch defects is 59.1 kV, moisture defects is 69.7 kV, and particle contamination defects is 59.2 kV, with scratches having the most significant impact on the breakdown voltage of XLPE insulation. These findings provide important insights into the influence of different defects on the insulation performance of cable joints.
Este documento es una reseña del libro: Basail Rodríguez, A., Köhler, A., & De La Garza Chávez, M. L. (2023). Figuraciones transculturales. Estudios críticos sobre geoculturas y agencias (Primera Edición). Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas. https://doi.org/10.29043/CESMECA.rep.1090
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social sciences (General)
Subsea production systems operate in harsh and hostile environments, making them subject to degradation that leads to failure. This is also the case for the final elements of safety-instrumented systems (SISs) that are installed to protect subsea production systems. As a result, the classic SIS performance assessment methods that assume constant failure rates may not be realistic for subsea elements, which may experience both random failures and natural degradation. The location of subsea production also provides challenges for accessing the system to perform repair, and this often results in delays before repair following revealed failures. In this paper, we explore all these issues by developing formulations that incorporate degradation and random failures as well as repair delays to assess the performance of the system. The degradation of the system is modeled with the Weibull distribution, while an exponential distribution is used to model the random failures. The impacts of different maintenance strategies on safety are also explored with case studies.
The study's primary focus is to gather profound insights into user perceptions and preferences related to living in smart environments prioritizing thermal comfort and energy efficiency. This objective is pursued through meticulous surveys designed to capture the nuanced experiences of residents, unravelling the intricate relationship between smart technologies and their impact on daily life within these intelligent living spaces. The findings from these quantitative surveys become a valuable repository of information that sheds light on the intricate dynamics of user satisfaction and experience, providing a holistic understanding of the role played by smart technologies in shaping thermal comfort in the built environment. Additionally, the research sets out to assess the specific influence of smart technologies on thermal comfort within the urban settings of Turkey. By narrowing the focus to this geographical context, the study aims to draw region-specific insights that can be instrumental in tailoring smart living solutions to the unique needs and nuances of the Turkish urban landscape. This contextual analysis allows for a nuanced understanding of how smart technologies operate in diverse urban environments, providing a foundation for targeted interventions and improvements. A core objective of the study is to distil actionable recommendations for architects, designers, and urban planners. These recommendations are crafted with the intention of guiding the creation of user-centric spaces within the built environment that not only meet but exceed expectations in optimizing thermal comfort. By translating survey findings and regional assessments into practical suggestions, this research aims to empower professionals in the field to integrate smart technologies seamlessly into their designs, ultimately contributing to the development of intelligent, sustainable, and people-focused spaces. In summary, the study positions itself as a comprehensive exploration of the symbiotic relationship between smart technologies and thermal comfort. Through a meticulous examination of user perceptions, regional influences, and actionable recommendations, the research seeks to chart a course for a future where the built environment actively supports and enhances thermal comfort, thereby improving the overall quality of life for its residents.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social sciences (General)
Este texto explora en la historia de las compañías nacional de teatro y sus contextos para buscar considerar su pertinencia en este momento. La investigación se desarrolló a partir de la revisión de libros, documentos, artículos académicos, artículos periodísticos y entrevistas con los responsables de algunas de las iniciativas. El resultado fue la identificación de cuatro hitos: el nacimiento en 1946 con Santiago Ontañón, el paso a la INSAD y a La Cabaña con Armando Robles Godoy y el Teatro Ambulante en 1957, el Teatro Nacional Popular con Alonso Alegría en 1971 y el Teatro Nacional en 1995 con Ruth Escudero. Tras la revisión, se concluyó que, en este momento, no es pertinente ni necesaria una compañía nacional, ya que competiría con la producción local.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Literature (General)
Quality assessment of literary texts translation has always been irregular since some theorists believe that faithful translation to the original text is impossible. Therefore, through time, various theories for literary texts assessment have been created. In this paper with the comparative study of the value system of Lorca's "The moon" romance discourse and its Persian translation by Shamloo, has been emphasized the importance of discourse and context in the analysis and translation of literary texts, via investigating the factors such as assumption, previous background, utterances, the principle of cooperation, connection and coherence and theme. Besides, it has been shown that to what extent the translator could remain faithful to the source text by observing the discourse and context of the target language; as in this way Shamloo in the translation of “The moon” romance, has preserved all the linguistic coherence and also established rhetorical coherences except in one case. Therefore, by assuming that we know the necessity of paying attention to the discourse and context of the source-language and target-language in translation, Shampoo’s translation of “The moon” romance could be considered a faithful translation to the original text.
Indo-Iranian languages and literature, General Works
Jinhua Xiang, James H. McLinden, Qing Chang
et al.
<b>Background:</b> We previously identified a yellow fever virus (YFV) genome-derived, short noncoding RNA (vsRNA) generated during infection that targets the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of a Src-kinase regulatory phosphatase (PTPRE), reducing PTPRE translation. By contrast, a related flavivirus (Zika) did not regulate PTPRE. We assessed the role of PTPRE in YFV and Zika replication. <b>Methods:</b> Human PTPRE with a β -Globulin 3’UTR to remove the 3’UTR sequence targeted by the YFV vsRNA was stably expressed in Jurkat and Huh7D cells using a tetracycline-regulated promoter. YFV (17D strain) and Zika (PR strain) were used to infect the different cell lines, and viral replication was measured by viral RNA and infectivity. Attempts to knock out PTPRE by CRISPR were unsuccessful, suggesting that PTPRE may be required for cell survival. <b>Results:</b> The expression of PTPRE with nontargeted 3′UTR led to a 100-fold reduction in infectious virus released from Jurkat and Huh7D cells by infectivity and a 3–10-fold reduction in viral RNA levels. Infectivity was restored in cells grown in doxycycline. By contrast, nontargeted PTPRE expression had no effect on the release of infectious Zika virus. PTPRE expression did not alter YFV attachment or entry. Despite reduced infectivity of the supernatant virus produced by PTPRE-nontargeted cells, YFV envelope content in culture supernatants was similar to that released by cells not expressing nontargeted PTPRE. Electron microscopy demonstrated large, empty-appearing viral particles in YFV-infected cells expressing nontargeted PTPRE that were not present in cells not expressing nontargeted PTPRE. <b>Conclusion</b><b>s</b><b>:</b> PTPRE is a novel YFV restriction factor that appears to increase the proportion of defective YFV particles released into cell culture media, potentially by preventing YFV RNA encapsidation. PTPRE’s effects on viral replication are not conserved among flaviviruses, as Zika replication was not altered by PTPRE overexpression. Understanding how PTPRE inhibits YFV may provide insight into YFV assembly and release and potentially help to identify novel drug targets.
Francisco Teodoro Rios, Argentina Angelica Amaya, Manuel Oscar Lobo
et al.
The aim was to develop a snack bar using regional food products. The formulation included traditional cereals and amaranth, quinoa, sunflower, flax, chia, sesame and poppy seeds subjected to different treatments. Two sensory evaluations were carried out to evaluate acceptability. Snack bars containing toasted seeds presented high acceptability by the consumer. Amaranth, quinoa, chia and sunflower significantly increased the acceptability. The sensory methods applied allowed for the selection of ingredients and processing technologies that increase the preference of consumers.
V. Ya. Romanchenko, I. A. Nozhkina, O. N. Shmygina
Background. The purpose of this work is to analyze the first steps of the Bolshevik
government to form a system of agricultural management. The socio-economic
and political conditions and features of this process are determined. Attention is focused
on the political bias of the government’s activities in organizing agricultural
management, the priority focus of this activity on the development of large public
farms and support for the rural poor. An important condition for studying the modern
system of agriculture, especially its management, is the need to study the experience
of agricultural management in the historical past, which determines the relevance
of this study.
Materials and methods. The research is based on documents and materials that
reveal the essence of the Soviet system of agricultural management at the initial
stage of the formation of the Soviet government and works by scientists in the field
of organization of public farms in the Russian countryside. In the course of preparing
the work, we used basic research methods – dialectical, historicism, objectivity,
system ones which allowed us to organize and structure the material taking into
account agricultural issues. We also used common research methods such as problem-
chronological, historical description, comparative-historical ones which allowed
us to form a holistic view of the origins of the Soviet system of agricultural management.
Results. The system of agricultural management in Russia in the period 1917–
1920 is studied, allowing us to identify the features of the formation and management
of agriculture at the initial stage of its development.
Conclusions. It is concluded that initially the functioning of the management system
of the agricultural sector of the economy was based on the principle of command
administration, characteristic of totalitarian regimes. The emerging system of
agricultural management was based on the principles of strict leadership and dictate.
There was an acute shortage of managerial personnel in the field of agriculture.
In general, in this period of time, it was not possible to create a coherent management
system.
Bosko Vladislav Pavlovich, Zakharova Julia Georgievna
The article presents an analysis of barbarisms used in Internet blogs, websites, forums, etc. The authors determine functional areas of the use and factors affecting the spread of barbarisms as well as mechanisms of barbarisms’ adaptation in speech. The article reveals the features of changes in a number of foreign-language words at the phonetic-graphic, semantic and derivational levels.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
El objetivo del presente trabajo era indagar sobre la noción y práctica de ciudadanía que ponen en juego las emisoras comunitarias. La investigación se basó en un estudio de caso, con un enfoque cualitativo, en el norte de México. El marco teórico se inscribe en el pensamiento comunicacional latinoamericano, en particular desde los aportes realizados por María Cristina Mata y los estudios en torno a la comunicación comunitaria. Los análisis de los resultados coincidieron efectivamente con los planteamientos de Mata, pues la emisora se conformó como espacio desde donde los individuos pudieron organizarse, constituirse como sujetos políticos y crear canales de interlocución frente al poder político. Un reto identificado de la investigación es el uso efectivo de recursos narrativos y organizativos para visibilizar y mediar a las distintas voces y temas que surgen desde la heterogeneidad de la ciudadanía y articularlos con el enfoque de respeto a los derechos humanos y los valores universales democráticos, pues los medios que no crean condiciones de participación diversa son propensos a reproducir modelos unilaterales de comunicación y no lograr los propósitos de socializar una cultura política.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social sciences (General)
This paper explores the range and type of coverage that climate change has received over a five-year period in the English-language press in the six member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), namely Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Using a coding scheme that has been successfully employed in previous research, the coverage is examined based on several factors, for example, the dominant frame of the story, the number of stories and word count, which sources are quoted, and whether or not blame is attributed. As the salience of the issue ebbs and flows in the world press and for global populations, examining coverage in the regional press of supranational organizations (such as the EU, ASEAN, and the GCC) represents another interesting avenue for research as the potential for future conflict among nations resulting from climate change becomes more of a reality. Results show that climate change receives varied coverage in the Gulf press; researchers and government officials tend to be used as sources; roughly half of the sampled articles mention risks and discuss potential solutions. The stories tend to revolve around energy, conservation, and weather-related topics, while at the same time approximately half mention “man” as to blame for the problem.
Fedorov A. V. , Asming V. E. , Baranov S. V.
et al.
The paper provides a brief description of results of Spitsbergen glacier observations by the seismic method. The study has been carried out both by permanent and temporary stations data. Characteristic features of glacier-related seismic events have been shown. Main areas of glacier seismic activity on the Archipelago have been revealed. A detailed study of Horsund-fjord glacier activity has been carried out using local seismic station HSPB data. Temporal and spatial distributions of glacier-related events have been obtained for the area. Season variations in temporal distribution of the events have been found
Der vorliegende Artikel diskutiert Dimensionen des Ressentiments in Organisationen. Am Beispiel des Denkens von Führungskräften und ihren wertschöpfungsbezogenen Deutungsmustern wird aufgezeigt, wie das Nutzen kalkulierende Denken mit der organisationsethischen Krise zusammenfällt. Diskutiert wird in diesem Zusammenhang die Rolle und Aufgabe der Supervision.