В роботі розглянуто питання вдосконалення роботизованої платформи Niryo One шляхом оптимізації режимів роботи приводу маніпуля-тора. Актуальність дослідження зумовлена необхідністю підвищення ефективності та точності роботи робототехнічних систем у промислових і дослідницьких застосуваннях. У другій частині дослідження представлено розробку математичної моделі динаміки маніпулятора, яка враховує особливості конструкції та параметри платформи Niryo One. На основі побудованої моделі проведено оптимізацію траєкторій руху маніпулятора з використанням методу послідовного квадратичного програмування (SLSQP – Sequential Least Squares Programming). Оптимізація спрямована на міні-мізацію енергоспоживання та часу виконання завдань при дотриманні обмежень на динамічні характеристики системи.
Запропонований підхід до визначення оптимальних режимів руху базується на чисельних методах нелінійного програмування. В результаті оптимізації отримано траєкторії, що забез-печують зниження навантаження на приводи та підвищення плавності руху порівняно з типовими режимами, реалізованими в стандартному програмному забезпеченні платформи. Проведено порівняльний аналіз оптимальних і типових режимів руху за критеріями енергоефективності та динаміки роботи.
Отримані результати можуть бути використані для модернізації існуючих та розробки нових алгоритмів керування двомасовими робото-технічними системами, а також для підвищення надійності та ресурсу роботи. Перспективи подальших досліджень пов’язані з адаптацією розробленого методу для маніпуляторів з іншими кінематичними схемами та в умовах змінних зовнішніх навантажень.
The primary objective of this study is to develop a predictive model for estimating the cost of kitchen cabinets prior to the production process by employing artificial neural networks (ANN). The proposed model is structured with five input parameters related to kitchen cabinet specifications, a hidden layer comprising ten neurons, and a single output node representing the predicted cost. The model was trained using the Neural Fitting Tool available in the MATLAB environment. The MATLAB code and the dataset utilised in the study are also provided for reproducibility. Upon completion of the training phase, the model achieved a coefficient of determination (R-value) of 0.9716. Subsequent testing of the model yielded an R-value of 0.9682, indicating a high level of predictive accuracy. Corresponding regression plots are presented and discussed within the study. This approach demonstrates the potential of ANN-based models to improve cost estimation processes in the furniture manufacturing industry. Furthermore, by enabling data-driven decisions prior to production, such models contribute to sustainability efforts by minimising material waste, optimising resource utilisation, and reducing associated carbon emissions. The study also suggests that the methodology can be expanded by training the network with different types of data relevant to other segments of the furniture industry.
Sergiy Kotenko, Svitlana Ilchenko, Valeriia Kasianova
et al.
The purpose of this study was mathematical model development for assessing the cost of losses from risks in the maritime transportation of goods that are dynamic in nature, and developing a methodical approach to the dynamic costs assessment for each of the risks separately and integral costs for all risks and ensuring the fulfillment of the requirement to anticipate the insurance cost changes over the rate of change of the transportation integral risk (or its stage). The risks factor analysis in water transport, their classification and determination of the type and nature of their impact on sea transportation of goods were carried out. The groups of risk factors that lead to emergency situations for water transport in Ukraine were studied by comparing the data of 2019 and 2021 and determining their share in the total number of accidents before the start of the active phase of hostilities in Ukraine; the rates of their change were analyzed. This made it possible to develop a systematic assessment algorithm for the dependence of the expected and actual value of losses on risks and to create a mathematical approach to risks forecasting as a factor influencing the cost of expenses. As a result of the study, a methodical approach to forecasting the cost of losses from risks was formed for each of their types. However, the main attention was paid to the identification and assessment of dynamic risks, the impact of which has an absorbing nature relative to all others in their totality. Such risks in the waters of the Black and Azov seas today mainly include risks associated with the conduct of military operations, including such operations that go against international legal norms.
Engineering machinery, tools, and implements, Technological innovations. Automation
Wesley M. Moss, Phillip G.H. Nichols, Kevin J. Foster
et al.
Farmers are often overlooked and undervalued as sources of innovation, but can be powerful drivers of ingenuity and development. We evaluate historical developments in the Australian subterranean clover seed-production industry as a case study of farmer-driven innovation. Subterranean clover seed machinery patents (75% of which were patented by farmers) are analysed using conventional innovation frameworks, such as the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ), to extract lessons for supporting farmer-driven innovation. The small scale of this industry, compared with mainstream cereal-cropping industries and the isolation of farmers, provides analogous lessons for agriculture in developing countries. Economic drivers are important in enabling farmer innovation and the value proposition for developing new inventions must be clear to justify the time and expense. Farmers are different from firms and their on-farm knowledge and experience can form an essential part of innovation. Drivers of innovation also differ, with farmers less likely to attempt to commercialize inventions. Farmers can also be hesitant to share their inventions, instead holding them as trade secrets in competitive industries. Support and collaboration are needed from government and researchers to assist in commercialization or dissemination of useful innovations and to prevent knowledge from being confined to a localized farmer or region. Advances in agriculture require farmer input in research and development, but the benefits will be greater if farmers are enabled to be drivers of innovation.
The digital twin is often presented as the solution to Industry 4.0 and, while there are many areas where this may be the case, there is a risk that a reliance on existing machine learning methods will not be able to deliver the high level cognitive capabilities such as adaptability, cause and effect, and planning that Industry 4.0 requires. As the limitations of machine learning are beginning to be understood, the paradigm of strong artificial intelligence is emerging. The field of artificial cognitive systems is part of the strong artificial intelligence paradigm and is aimed at generating computational systems capable of mimicking biological systems in learning and interacting with the world. This paper presents an argument that artificial cognitive systems offer solutions to the higher level cognitive challenges of Industry 4.0 and that digital twin research should be driven in the direction of artificial cognition accordingly. This argument is based on the inherent similarities between the digital twin and artificial cognitive systems, and the insights that can already be seen in aligning the two approaches.
The article explores the relationship between economic development, technology, and energy consumption. It would be hard to imagine technological and social progress without the energy supply that fuels the growth of people’s well-being. Thanks to the “energy revolution” of the last century, a technological explosion became possible, including the development of an information society. The free supply of energy is the most important factor determining long-term trends in the development of the world economic system. At the same time, the author shows that at a certain stage of economic development, reserves of free energy resources begin to run low. The emergence of energy shortages is becoming probable, which can restrain further progress. The modern concepts of sustainable development are rightly singled out as one of the most important tasks for limiting the use of traditional, non-renewable energy resources. This is important not only in the ecological sense, but also economically. At the same time, the given concept pays special attention to renewable energy sources, the efficiency and volume of which can not yet be compared with the indicators for hydrocarbon use. The author believes that the very concept of sustainable development runs counter to the aims of humanity to maintain progress. Often, technologies that are designed to reduce the wasteful consumption of fossil fuels lead to additional costs. The author suggests that one objectively analyze the risks of implementing the concept of sustainable development and also warns against unfounded illusions and delusions that can plunge society into a prolonged state of stagnation and regression.
Las herramientas antiplagio, como Turnitin en nuestro caso, se han constituido en la mano derecha de los editores para detectar las malas prácticas en el uso del trabajo ajeno. Esto implica que el manuscrito queda almacenado en la base de datos de Turnitin, lo cual, en caso de ser rechazado, afectará la postulación del trabajo en otras revistas. En este sentido, los autores deben tomar conciencia que al enviar su trabajo a una revista, aceptan las condiciones del proceso editorial, cuyo primer paso es verificar que no haya problemas de plagio, con las consecuencias que de ello se derivan.
En el Vol. 9 No. 2, se incluyen doce artículos, resultado del proceso investigativo en temáticas relacionadas con administración, educación e ingeniería.
En el área administrativa, se inicia con un trabajo que busca identificar las tecnologías emergentes en disposición de restos humanos, utilizando estrategias de vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva en el sector funerario. Luego se incluye un estudio para identificar el proceso de Toma de Decisiones en las empresas hoteleras afiliadas a la Asociación Hotelera y Turística de Colombia, Capítulo Boyacá, encontrando la tendencia a aplicar algunas herramientas gerenciales en gestión de calidad y servicio al cliente. En tercer lugar aparece una propuesta para implementar la responsabilidad social universitaria en instituciones colombianas, basado en los 4 pilares de la educación superior: docencia, proyección social, investigación y gestión, sumando medio ambiente y posconflicto.
El área de administración continúa con el diagnóstico del Programa de Internado Rural Interdisciplinario, PIRI, adelantado en una institución universitaria colombiana, con el fin de identificar elementos para mejorar su implementación. Asimismo, se presenta una investigación sobre el modelo de gestión integral que aplican las empresas familiares de Florencia, Caquetá, encontrando que si bien no existe un modelo explícito, si se tienen algunos avances en su construcción. El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo establecer la influencia del desarrollo minero en el conflicto de la zona occidental de Boyacá, destacándo la acumulación de grandes capitales por parte de los empresarios tradicionales, como la razón principal de la violación de los derechos humanos en la región.
Las temáticas de educación inician con un estudio para reconocer las dificultades que presentan docentes y estudiantes de la Universidad del Valle, en el uso de bases de datos y plataformas de gestión de aprendizaje, dando como resultado la propuesta de estrategias que incentiven la innovación educativa con estas tecnologías. Luego, se presenta la experiencia de un proceso de investigación acción, que tuvo como objetivo el reestructurar y actualizar el proyecto educativo institucional, en 24 instituciones educativas de Cali. Asimismo, se presenta un artículo para caracterizar la práctica pedagógica a partir del uso de situaciones a-didácticas en clases de matemáticas, encontrando que este tipo de situaciones mejora la dinámica de las clases, con una mayor motivación por parte de los estudiantes. En el siguiente artículo, se reporta una investigación sobre el pensamiento variacional mediado con baldosas algebraicas y manipuladores virtuales, observando que las estrategias implementadas motivaron a los estudiantes para avanzar en el desarrollo de sus pensamientos variacional y geométrico.
En el apartado de ingeniería, se incluye una aplicación de minería de datos para identificar factores asociados al rendimiento académico de los estudiantes que presentaron la prueba Saber 11°, en 2015 y 2016, encontrando que el bajo desempeño se explica por atributos como: el estrato socioeconómico bajo, el índice TIC bajo y el nivel SISBEN 1. Finalmente, se incluye un artículo que utiliza las curvas en S para estudiar el ciclo de vida de las publicaciones relacionadas con la producción de quinua, encontrando un bajo interés de los países productores en la investigación de esta planta.
Nuevamente se invita a los interesados en publicar los resultados de sus trabajos de investigación, a que envíen sus manuscritos a la revista; los requisitos de forma se pueden consultar al final de éste número o en nuestra página WEB, en las instrucciones para los autores.
Cordialmente,
FLAVIO HUMBERTO FERNÁNDEZ MORALES
Editor
Revista de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación
ISSN: 2027-8306
ISSN-e: 2389-9417
doi: 10.19053/20278306.v9.n2.2019.9191
In the last decade, design thinking has been discussed as a new paradigm for dealing with complex business problems. The implementation of design thinking is linked with substantial changes in the organizational culture, and becomes visible in new approaches to designing office and learning spaces. To analyze proponents’ perspectives on the implementation process, we adapted Schein’s (1990, 2017) approach of different layers of an organizational culture. In general, two layers in an organization are addressed, namely visible artifacts and behaviors, as well as basic principles to think about approaches to deal with business problems (mindset). In total, eight semi-structured expert interviews were conducted with proponents to learn more about the implementation of design thinking and the architecture of related office spaces. The findings suggest that design thinking addresses both aspects—the provision and inner design of physical space as well as a change of mindset.
В статье предпринят анализ инновационности Европейского Союза в контексте Европейского исследовательского пространства. Теоретической рамкой работы служит литература, посвященная системам инноваций, сетевым исследованиям, рамочным программам и единому исследовательскому пространству ЕС. На основе трех различных источников формируется база данных для учреждения Европейской исследовательской и инновационной сети как результата реализации стратегических и программных проектов общеконтинентального уровня. Оценка инновационности Европейского Союза имеет целью выработку системных рекомендаций с привлечением теоретических достижений и данных аналитических исследований, основанных на сетевом анализе и концепции энтропии. Реализация относительно простого правила Европейской комиссии в дополнение к стратегиям поддержки разнообразия и восприимчивости стран со структурными провалами может стать важным шагом к усилению интеграции и конкуренции внутри Европейского исследовательского пространства, равно как и инновационности всех входящих в него стран.
André Alexandrino Lotto, João Batista Ferreira Neto, Marcelo Breda Mourão
This work aims to investigate the phosphorus removal by vacuum from metallurgical grade silicon (MGSi) (98.5%
to 99% Si). Melting experiments were carried out in a vacuum induction furnace, varying parameters such as temperature,
time and relation area exposed to the vacuum / volume of molten silicon. The results of chemical analysis were obtained
by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and evaluated based on thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the reaction of
vaporization of the phosphorus in the silicon. The phosphorus was decreased from 33 to approximately 1.5 ppm after
three hours of vacuum treatment, concluding that the evaporation step is the controlling step of the process for parameters
of temperature, pressure and agitation used and refining by this process is technically feasible.
Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, Mining engineering. Metallurgy
This paper analyzes the development of the Brazilian telecommunication services sector in the neo-Schumpeterian Evolutionary Theory perspective. We sought to determine whether the Brazilian technological regime characteristics fits into the international scene; to map the innovation environment in which telecommunication services operate; and to consider whether the state post-privatization of the sector encouraged the construction of a technological regime and innovation environment capable of promoting the development of Brazil. The research was developed based on documental analysis and on the Technological Innovation Research (PINTEC) data for 2005 and 2008. The technological regime was established according to Marsili’s (2001) taxonomy. The paper concludes that the technological regime of Brazilian telecommunication services has similarities with the U.S. standard and tends to be a supplier dominated sector. The innovation environment showed that the legal-organizational structure specific to the telecommunication services sector does not accompany the innovative dynamism of the sector. The structure that is not specific to telecommunication services sector foster an innovation environment.
Carlos Carvalho Engler-Pinto Júnior, Dirceu Spinelli
Thermal gradients arising during transient regimes of start-up and shutdown operations produce a complex
thermal and mechanical fatigue loading which limits the life of turbine blades and other engine components operating at
high temperatures. More accurate and reliable assessment under non-isothermal fatigue becomes therefore mandatory.
This paper investigates the nickel base superalloy CM 247LC-DS under isothermal low cycle fatigue (LCF) and
thermomechanical fatigue (TMF). Test temperatures range from 600°C to 1,000°C. The behavior of the alloy is strongly
affected by the temperature variation, especially in the 800°C-1,000°C range. The Ramberg-Osgood equation fits very
well the observed isothermal behavior for the whole temperature range. The simplified non-isothermal stress-strain
model based on linear plasticity proposed to represent the thermo-mechanical fatigue behavior was able to reproduce
the observed behavior for both in-phase and out-of-phase TMF cycling.
Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, Mining engineering. Metallurgy
Valmikanathan Onbattuvelli, Sachin Laddha , Seong-Jin Park
et al.
Silicon carbide (SiC) exhibits many functional properties that are relevant to applications in electronics, aerospace,
defense and automotive industries. However, the successful translation of these properties into final applications lies in
the net-shaping of ceramics into fully dense microstructures. Increasing the packing density of the starting powders is one
effective route to achieve high sintered density and dimensional precision. The present paper presents an in-depth study
on the effects of nanoparticle addition on the powder injection molding process (PIM) of SiC powder-polymer mixtures.
In particular, bimodal mixtures of nanoscale and sub-micrometer particles are found to have significantly increased
powder packing characteristics (solids loading) in the powder-polymer mixtures. The influence of nanoparticle addition
on the multi-step PIM process is examined. The above results provide new perspectives which could impact a wide range
of materials, powder processing techniques and applications.
Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, Mining engineering. Metallurgy
Marko D. Andrejić , Marjan A. Milenkov, Vlada S. Sokolović
Logistički automatizovani informacioni sistem treba razvijati kao deo jedinstvenog automatizovanog informacionog sistema (JAIS-a). Da bi se logistički automatizovani informacioni sistem uspešno razvijao i primenjivao u operativnoj praksi, neophodno je slediti globalni koncept razvoja JAIS-a i u razvoju više primenjivati timski rad profesionalnog informatičara i poznavaoca realnog logističkog sistema. Bitan uslov za razvoj kvalitetnog logističkog informacionog sistema jeste definisanje informacionih potreba o pojedinim objektima koje tretira logistički informacioni sistem. Zadatak logističkog automatizovanog informacionog sistema jeste da obezbedi: stalni uvid u stanje logističkog sistema; ukazivanje na potrebne i moguće mere poboljšanja; bolje planiranje i upravljanje radom realnog sistema; informisanje ljudstva o stanju realnog sistema i ukazivanje na pravce daljeg razvoja informacionih sistema. Logistički informacioni sistem treba razvijati vodeći računa i o kompatibilnosti sa budućim saveznicima i partnerima. /
A logistics automated information system should be developed as a part of a unified automated information system (JAIS). In order to develop a logistics automated information system and to apply it successfully in operational use, it is necessary to follow the JAIS global development concept and rely more on teamwork of IT experts and specialists in real logistics systems. An important condition for the development of a high-quality logistics information system is to define information needs for particular objects treated by a logistics information system. The task of such a system is to provide: permanent insight into the logistics system, pointing to the necessary and possible measures for improvement, better real system planning and management activities, personnel information about the state of the real system, pointing to the directions of further system development. A logistics information system should be developed taking also into account compatibility with future allies and partners. Defense systems were among the first to accept the challenge (because they were forced to) to introduce information technology in their management system and, with the help of innovations in this area, to increase the performance effectiveness under the conditions of environment dynamic changes. Information technology development mostly followed development of large military projects aimed at solving management or technology issues within military industry complex and management in the most technologically developed defense systems. These science and defense practice efforts resulted in many new methods and techniques such as the method of system analysis and information system design, methods of operational research and simulation, pattern recognition, expert systems for individual processes in management, as well as those for information retrieval and their implementation in decision making. Over time, partial innovations reached a high level of synthesis, leading to new management systems able to function in most complex task conditions. Mastering the procedure of creating autonomous partial information systems-where the operational research methods helped to optimally apply some of their particular values - has led to the creation of integrated automated information systems for management support. Our recent defense theory and practice have not concentrated enough on logistics information systems in professional journals, neither from the organizational nor from the technological point of view. Experiences gained from operational practice and knowledge acquired by visiting foreign armies, practical needs as well as modern times demands and current trends in the development of defense systems pointed out that it is necessary to pay more attention to this logistics segment in military journals. Logistics information systems cannot be researched, developed and introduced into operational practice (applied) without knowing the structure of high-quality information systems in general. High-quality information systems for supporting the logistic aspects of decision-making and logistics dealing authorities cannot be developed without properly defining information needs of specific customer information systems and without most precisely describing objects of interest of the logistics system. It is also not possible to go forward in the development and implementation of logistics information systems after long stagnation unless this important area is considered through a retrospective, identifying and defining problems that accompany the development and introduction of information systems in the military forerunners of the Army of Serbia and the AS now and realizing the current situation in this area in the defense system. In principle, our defense system started the work on the automated collection, processing and distribution of information simultaneously with other developed defense systems in the world. However, in the meantime orientations and concepts changed so that no project focused on the development of integrated automated information system (AIS) and decision support system was brought completely to the end. The development of information systems to support the defense system and particularly the Army faced specific dilemmas and problems which hindered their development: information needs of users which information systems should provide for were never properly defined; disputes occurred between 'generalities' and 'specialists' on whether the system should be built from the bottom (the base) or from the top, resulting in the development of small-scale applications in the base (where problems needing automation occurred) that could fit into a global concept and the development of global concepts never implemented completely into the defense system operational practice. Due to the low level of their information culture, real system experts were not able to properly express and define their needs and expectations of IT professionals who, because of their low levels of general military knowledge, were not able to fully understand the functioning of the real system and information system needs. The above dilemmas and other problems are still present today so that the present automated decision-making support in the defense system (not just in logistics) does not match the needs of practice, requirements of time and modern trends. In treating logistics information systems in this paper, we will apply an analogy with other information systems. Particular aspects and segments of the development and implementation of logistics information systems will be processed with a high degree of generalization, using the experience and research the authors participated in as well as available sources of knowledge. The aforementioned approach allows for a wider general aspect of the given views, while, on the other hand, gaining the depth and accuracy if validly applied to each specific case and to each logistics system. After the organizational changes in the defense system, and in logistics in particular, due consideration should be paid to the development of information systems since there possibly lies the answer to the request 'to reduce the system response time' within a framework of constant reducing the workforce and 'scope of logistic resources'. Changes in the organization of the technical, health, infrastructural and financial support of Defense represent an additional reason to approach more seriously the issues of defense logistic support and the logistic aspects of decision-making in the defense. Introduction GENERAL REMARKS ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS An information management system is a set of bodies and individuals (of a particular organizational system) as well as technical resources and information resources, organizationally and functionally related, with which, based on pre-defined and developed methods and procedures, the tasks of creating, gathering, processing and distribution of data and information are implemented in the given conditions. LOGISTICS SUPPORT INFORMATION Timely disposal of information is a prerequisite for effective command and control in general, and particularly in the areas of logistics support. Considering that modern conditions do not see any decision making regarding the use of armed forces without adequate logistical support, it is of crucial importance for command authorities at all levels to have necessary information on the status of weapons and military equipment and available logistical resources. DOCTRINAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LOGISTICS INFORMATION SYSTEM A logistics support system is a complex military, economic and organizational multilevel system. The mission of logistics, in the sphere of defense, is reflected in planning, creating, developing, launching, supporting and maintaining efficient and effective defense forces. Its task is to provide maneuver, precise effects (fire), comprehensive protection and rational and focused support 'top down' to the Army, at requested location, time, extent and manner, as close as possible to the source of logistic demands and with optimum use of resources. The logistics support system comprises a man, a weapon, an integrated combat system (technical system and the man with all support) and an organizational system (units and institutions), as a whole. LOGISTICS INFORMATION NEEDS A logistics information system needs to process data and provide information relevant to decision makers about logistic objects, i.e. a man, weapons or equipment, animals, integrated combat systems, organizations, infrastructure facilities and installations in order to ensure high-quality execution of all logistic tasks within defined missions, through the entire life cycle of a system (peacetime, crisis situation, state of emergency, mobilization, war). Automated LOGISTICS INFORMATION SYSTEM LOGISTICS (background) automated information system (LAIS) is one of the most important subsystems JAIS and in direct connection with the other subsystems JAIS a. JAIS a set of commands and government agencies (units and institutions) in the defense system, and technical resources and information resources, organizational and functionally related, by which on the basis of forward-defined and developed methods and procedures implemented information security tasks (support) the defense management, in the process of planning, development, training, preparation and use of certain subsystems of defense, while performing the task within the defined mission. Disadvantages logistics EXISTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS The existing logistics information system is derived from previously evolved background information system, which was the part of the unified automated information system (JAIS a). The degree of its efficiency is directly related to the weaknesses of earlier ways of organizing the system of command. A large number of inherited problems is linked to the codification material resources and its applicability in the conduct of inadequate material accounting, inadequate organization of material accountancy and still inadequately constructed a system of reporting on quantitative and qualitative state of material resources and the work of executive bodies of the background (logistics).
Military Science, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)