Hasil untuk "Sociology"

Amanda Lagerkvist, Jenny Eriksson-Lundström, Maria Rogg

Combining crip theory and existential media studies, the purpose of this theoretical essay is to critically interrogate a biometric palm-reading device that turns the hand into a means for payment – connecting its datafied veins to one’s assets – by unpacking its specific “techno-logics” and probing its forceful yet ambivalent sociotechnical imaginary. Palm recognition technology relies on the annulment of touch which calls forth, and depends on, what we call the existential–phenomenological chasm. The argument is that as hands are reduced to touch-free functionalist components, the realities of the embodied existential self are made invisible, and so is a fuller perceptual field of being human in diversity and disability. The chasm thus reinforces the ableism of the normate, instrumental hand, while also invoking dark genealogies of measuring bodies in culture. We caution that if biometrics were to be turned into a primary signifier of human identity and value ascription, this would reactivate eugenic hauntings with consequences for “human value”. This fact calls for “cripping” the senseless machine, subjecting it to the crucial work of crip technoscience.

Sunarti Sunarti, Maya Damayanti, Mardwi Rahdriawan et al.

Desa wisata rintisan memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan pariwisata pedesaan di Indonesia. Keunggulan kompetitif menciptakan daya saing untuk dapat menarik lebih banyak wisatawan. Namun, Desa Montongsari, Kabupaten Kendal, Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang masih dalam tahap desa wisata rintisan menghadapi tantangan dalam memanfaatkan potensi yang dimiliki. Kapasitas sumber daya yang masih rendah, sulitnya perolehan sumber pembiayaan, dan belum adanya rencana tindak yang menjadi acuan realisasi wisata menjadi permasalahan dalam mengembangkan potensi di Desa Montongsari. Keberlanjutan wisata dapat tercapai dengan pendekatan partisipatif dan pengelolaan yang terstruktur. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis keunggulan kompetitif melalui Community Based Tourism (CBT) dalam pengembangan desa wisata rintisan, Desa Montongsari, Kabupaten Kendal. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan tim ahli, perangkat desa, dan masyarakat Desa Montongsari. Hasil FGD selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif untuk menghasilkan prioritas keunggulan kompetitif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam analisis keunggulan kompetitif, daya tarik berupa event menjadi prioritas utama bagi Desa Wisata Montongsari. Hal ini didukung oleh kesiapan sumber daya, pengelola, dan masyarakat. Kebaruan penelitian adalah peran CBT dalam proses menentukan keunggulan kompetitif dan tantangan yang dihadapi. Dengan demikian, penerapan CBT dalam keunggulan kompetitif di Desa Montongsari cenderung mengintegrasikan antara partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengembangan desa wisata rintisan di Desa Montongsari.

Kyle Rose, Deana A. Rohlinger

In this study, the authors explore the role of echo chambers in political polarization through a network and content analysis of 183 political influencer accounts and 3,000 audience accounts on Twitter (now X) around the Arizona audit of the 2020 U.S. presidential election, sampled between July 17 and August 5, 2021. The authors identify five distinct groups of influencers who shared followers, noting differences in the information they post and the followers they attract. The most ideologically diverse audiences belong to popular media organizations and reporters with localized expertise to Arizona, but partisan influencer groups and their audiences are not uniformly like-minded. Interestingly, conservative audiences are spread across multiple influencer groups varying in ideology, from liberal influencers and mainstream news outlets to conservative conspiracy theorists. The findings highlight the need to understand users’ motivations for seeking political information and suggest that the echo chamber issue may be overstated.

Michele Filippo Fontefrancesco

This article addresses the concept of “typicality” in community products, proposing a performative interpretation of this category. It ethnographically demonstrates how identifying products as “typical” is a process that involves a community in constructing both the product and its meaning. To illustrate this, this study delves into the case of Torta Mattone from Bressana Bottarone (PV) and its history. It highlights how, over 50 years, this dessert has been created and recreated as a symbol of the community in response to the pressing needs it faced amidst socio-economic changes. In doing so, this paper details its micro-gastronomic history, illustrating how the Torta Mattone has become instrumental in maintaining the social and cultural cohesion of the Oltrepo Pavese area.

Danièle Linhart

İbrahim Halil Efendioğlu

Electric vehicles, which are an innovative technology, are more economical compared to gasoline and diesel vehicles due to their reduced energy consumption. In addition, it is expected that transportation emissions will decrease with the increase in the use of electric vehicles, which are pioneers in the green economy. The use of electric vehicle in Turkey is increasing day by day, but it is not clear which factors will be more prominent in consumers' decision to buy electric cars. In this direction, the aim of the study is to try to understand the effects of perceived usefulness, ease of use, price, hedonic innovation and environmental concern on the intention to buy electric cars, as perceived by consumers in choosing electric cars in Turkey. In the study, data were collected from 439 consumers through an online questionnaire and analyzed with structural equation modeling. According to the findings obtained in the research; It has been determined that perceived usefulness affects the purchase intention the most.

Mahmudul Hasan Laskar

<p>For sociologists and social scientists, contemporary global society has entered into the phase that is labelled as advanced capitalism, advanced industrialism, information era and post-modernity. Consumer society is a kind of characteristic feature of this phase and an ideological force underlies the global development trends. This paper has discussed the development of consumer society and its implication for social well-being.</p> <p>Social well-being is symbolically measured in consumer society; people’s manifested well-being is determined by consumption of industrial commodities or objects. Social well-being is again linked to the notion of ‘need’ and different standards of life define ‘need’ differently. Marcuse (1964) differentiated between true needs and false needs; false need causes variation of standard of life and objective well-being. Consumer society shows greater interest in mass production and freedom of consumption. Technological advancement particularly Web.20 (Advancement of WWW) during the beginning of 21st Century reshaped the service sectors of the world.</p> <p>India has become a part of global consumer society that is not a desired gain for its large weaker sections. Socio-historical inequalities like caste and class still remind us of the reality of social ill-being though affluent sections were able to attain objective well-being. Launching of Reliance Jio (Offering unlimited internet data plan at cheaper price) in 2007 marked the beginning of new digital life and mass consumption among Indian people, as it created a new service industry in the fields of food, cloth, aestheticism, entertainment and many more. But social well-being is not yet ensured; still there are large sections of the population striving for basic needs like quality education and quality healthcare. Until capability equality is achieved, social well-being in Indian society will be a utopia.</p>

J. Fishman

Eugene H. Ehrlich

Pascal Taranto, Anaël Marrec

Matthias Richter

B. Barnes, D. Bloor

T. Adorno

O. Astafyeva, V. Dikih

The article describes a new form of attracting investment in infrastructure projects with using mechanisms of public-private partnerships. The risk allocation between the project participants, in order to minimize risk and avoid negative developments in the implementation of projects. Discusses the importance of technological and price audit to ensure effective cost solutions when implementing projects based on public-private partnerships.

Yolanda Zografova

This article examines the nature of group identity in order to gain insight into the character and quality of intergroup contacts, particularly the conditions for positive contacts between members of different ethnic groups. An important conception underlying the discussion is that identity is not a stable construct or fixed essence, but rather is discursive in nature and turns upon how individuals and collectivities distinguish themselves in their relations with other individuals and collectivities. Both resemblance and difference are thus essential principles of social identity, while ethnic identity is distinct from culture and may be analyzed as a form of social organization. This heightens the importance of the degree of permeability of group boundaries, and of one’s relation with their own ethnic group, in minimizing prejudice and fostering interethnic relations. Analysis of field interviews with members of Bulgarian and Bulgarian Turkish ethnic groups provided the basis for the theoretical discussion concerning intergroup contacts. The interviews also serve to illustrate the inverse relationship between intergroup contacts and prejudices, as well as the fact that insofar as intergroup ethnic conflicts and perceived differences occur between narrative constructs, they can be transformed and resolved through openness towards differences and dialogue.

Oksana Zabko, Katrine Fangen, Sylvi Endresen

This article analyses migration decisions and labour market manoeuvring of Latvian migrants to Norway, as well as the economic and social conditions that influence their choices. How do they adapt to the labour market in Norway? Do they practise circular migration, or do they aim for more permanent settlement? For some circular migrants, ‘reinforced’ motivation for migration emerges gradually, partly related to differences in working conditions – lower workload, better enforcement of work-safety regulations and opportunities for specialising in their field. Family and networks can influence both return and permanent settlement, depending on whether these are based in the home country or in Norway.

M. Orlova, A. Serzhantov, A. Cherskikh

The article shows the need for new approaches to the creation of competitive advantage for the Russian companies working in the field of advertising. Integrated use of marketing interaction marketing technology and marketing experience will allow Russian companies to maximize customer value and achieve a competitive edge in a turbulent market environment.

A. Kalleberg, A. Sørensen

Oladele Vincent Adeniyi, Anthony Idowu Ajayi, Mayowa Gabriel Moyaki et al.

Abstract Background Integration of family planning services into HIV care was implemented in South Africa as a core strategy aimed at reducing unintended pregnancies among childbearing women living with HIV. However, it is unclear whether this strategy has made any significant impact at the population level. This paper describes the prevalence and correlates of self-reported unplanned pregnancy among HIV-infected parturient women attending three large maternity centres in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. We also compare unplanned pregnancy rates between HIV-infected parturient women already in care (who have benefitted from services’ integration) and newly diagnosed parturient women (who have not benefitted from services’ integration). Methods Drawing from the baseline data of the East London Prospective Cohort Study (ELPCS), data of 594 parturient women living with HIV in the Eastern Cape were included. Chi-square statistics and binary logistics regression were employed to determine the correlates of unplanned pregnancy among the cohort. Results The prevalence of unplanned pregnancy was 71% (n = 422) with a higher rate among parturient women newly diagnosed during the index pregnancy (87%). Unplanned pregnancy was significantly associated with younger age, single status, HIV diagnosis at booking, high parity and previous abortion. Women who reported unplanned pregnancy were more likely to book late and have lower CD4 counts. After adjusting for confounding variables, having one child and five to seven children (AOR = 2.2; CI = 1.3–3.1), age less than 21 years (AOR = 3.3; CI = 1.1–9.8), late booking after 27 weeks (AOR = 2.7; CI = 1.5–5.0), not married (AOR = 4.3; CI = 2.7–6.8) and HIV diagnosis at booking (AOR = 3.0; CI = 1.6–5.8) were the significant correlates of unplanned pregnancy in the cohort. Conclusion Unplanned pregnancy remains high overall among parturient women living with HIV in the region, however, with significant reduction among those who were exposed to integrated services. The study confirms that integration of HIV care and family planning services is an important strategy to reduce unplanned pregnancy among women living with HIV. The study’s findings have significant implications for the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in South Africa. Innovative interventions are needed to further consolidate and maximise the benefit of the integration of family planning services with HIV care.

Ann Swidler, Jorge Arditi