Background The aging of Chinese society has intensified, and the health of the elderly is a matter of great concern. As a densely populated and economically active area, the health of the elderly population in Huangpu District, Guangzhou City, is particularly important to the social and economic development of the local community. Therefore, regular monitoring and assessment of the health of the elderly population in Huangpu District can help identify potential health problems, prevent and control chronic diseases, and improve health literacy and self-care ability. Objective This study collects data on health checkups of the elderly population in Huangpu District and establishes a retrospective cohort to gain an in-depth understanding of the health status of the elderly population in the district, the influencing factors of diseases, and to provide reasonable suggestions for the development of targeted health interventions to improve the quality of life of the elderly. Methods Physical examination data were collected from 2019-2021 from Huangpu District, Guangzhou City, who participated in community health checkups and were≥65 years old, and the study involved basic information, history of living habits, auxiliary examinations, laboratory tests, and history of previous illnesses of the study subjects. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the influencing factors of the diseases. Results A total of 17 412 study subjects were included in the analysis of this study. In the "baseline-follow-up" cohort, there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in the prevalence of exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, diastolic blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, blood creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Ｃ), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Differences in terms of were statistically significant (P<0.05). The proportion of developing hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or CKD at follow-up in the cohort population was 3.07%, 7.25%, 21.92%, and 6.00%, respectively. In participants with new-onset chronic disease at follow-up, 45.63% had comorbidities. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis: Risk factors for the prevalence of hypertension included age, pulse rate, and BMI; glomerular filtration rate and HDL-C were protective factors. Risk factors for the development of diabetes mellitus included age, systolic blood pressure, and BMI; and HDL-C was the main protective factor (P<0.05). Risk factors for dyslipidemia include systolic blood pressure. Risk factors for the development of CKD include age, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and triglycerides (P<0.05) ; HDL-C was a protective factor (P<0.05) . Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher among the study population in the present study, followed by diabetes mellitus and CKD. Multiple chronic diseases predominantly suffer from both diseases. Age, systolic blood pressure, and BMI were the main risk factors for the development of chronic diseases among the elderly people who participated in the physical examination in this study. In response to the analysis, it is recommended to make full use of the health records based on the optimization of information technology, implementation of targeted interventions, leveraging community strengths as well as strengthening health education and health promotion to improve the health of the elderly.
The ninth AI City Challenge continues to advance real-world applications of computer vision and AI in transportation, industrial automation, and public safety. The 2025 edition featured four tracks and saw a 17% increase in participation, with 245 teams from 15 countries registered on the evaluation server. Public release of challenge datasets led to over 30,000 downloads to date. Track 1 focused on multi-class 3D multi-camera tracking, involving people, humanoids, autonomous mobile robots, and forklifts, using detailed calibration and 3D bounding box annotations. Track 2 tackled video question answering in traffic safety, with multi-camera incident understanding enriched by 3D gaze labels. Track 3 addressed fine-grained spatial reasoning in dynamic warehouse environments, requiring AI systems to interpret RGB-D inputs and answer spatial questions that combine perception, geometry, and language. Both Track 1 and Track 3 datasets were generated in NVIDIA Omniverse. Track 4 emphasized efficient road object detection from fisheye cameras, supporting lightweight, real-time deployment on edge devices. The evaluation framework enforced submission limits and used a partially held-out test set to ensure fair benchmarking. Final rankings were revealed after the competition concluded, fostering reproducibility and mitigating overfitting. Several teams achieved top-tier results, setting new benchmarks in multiple tasks.
A. K. M. Bahalul Haque, Bharat Bhushan, Gaurav Dhiman
The emergence of smart cities and sustainable development has become a globally accepted form of urbanization. The epitome of smart city development has become possible due to the latest innovative integration of information and communication technology. Citizens of smart cities can enjoy the benefits of a smart living environment, ubiquitous connectivity, seamless access to services, intelligent decision making through smart governance, and optimized resource management. The widespread acceptance of smart cities has raised data security issues, authentication, unauthorized access, device-level vulnerability, and sustainability. This paper focuses on the wholistic overview and conceptual development of smart city. Initially, the work discusses the smart city idea and fundamentals explored in various pieces of literature. Further various smart city applications, including notable implementations, are put forth to understand the quality of living standards. Finally, the paper depicts a solid understanding of different security and privacy issues, including some crucial future research directions.
Filippo Marchesani, Francesca Masciarelli, Andrea Bikfalvi
The rise of smart cities represents a significant trend in urban development. However, only in recent years has attention shifted toward the international promotion of these cities. Despite ongoing academic discussions on the impact of smart city development on urban environments, the global recognition of smart cities remains uncertain due to their multidisciplinary nature. To address this, we conducted a systematic literature review of articles published in top-tier peer-reviewed journals from 2008 to December 2021, offering a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature.
Reyna Tello Pérez, Julio Cesar Torres Valdez, Miguel Sánchez Álvarez
et al.
La complejidad de la actividad turística dificulta determinar un conjunto de indicadores que puedan ser aplicados de manera universal, para mejorar la competitividad de los destinos. El objetivo es analizar cuáles son los indicadores que diferencian la posición competitiva de los destinos culturales analizados y contrastar la posición competitiva de los mismos teniendo como referente la afluencia turística. Se realizaron encuestas a los prestadores de servicios turísticos de los destinos de Puebla, Oaxaca y San Cristóbal de las Casas. El análisis estadístico de clúster, la conformación de índices de competitividad y el análisis discriminante permitió identificar que los indicadores de condiciones situacionales, infraestructura general turística, recursos naturales y recursos patrimoniales tangibles contribuyen a diferenciar a los destinos evaluados
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
This article explores the platformisation of tourism encounters, focusing on platform-mediated free tours as emerging digital intermediaries. Despite their rapid growth, free tours face regulatory challenges and remain underdeveloped in the literature. Through literature review and systematic bibliometric analysis, we examine key concepts shaping this innovation in tourism platforms. Recent publications, mainly by European scholars, feature case studies of European cities in geography and hospitality/tourism journals. Content analysis reveals four thematic categories: economic, geographical-spatial, legal, and social. However, a coherent research agenda is lacking. We propose theoretical and empirical questions to guide future research, advocating for a conceptual framework integrating the platform economy, tourism experiences, and the encounter itself. This framework contributes to understanding tourism encounters within the context of free tours, emphasizing the theoretical intersection of these concepts..
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Buildings are primary components of cities, often featuring repeated elements such as windows and doors. Traditional 3D building asset creation is labor-intensive and requires specialized skills to develop design rules. Recent generative models for building creation often overlook these patterns, leading to low visual fidelity and limited scalability. Drawing inspiration from procedural modeling techniques used in the gaming and visual effects industry, our method, Proc-GS, integrates procedural code into the 3D Gaussian Splatting (3D-GS) framework, leveraging their advantages in high-fidelity rendering and efficient asset management from both worlds. By manipulating procedural code, we can streamline this process and generate an infinite variety of buildings. This integration significantly reduces model size by utilizing shared foundational assets, enabling scalable generation with precise control over building assembly. We showcase the potential for expansive cityscape generation while maintaining high rendering fidelity and precise control on both real and synthetic cases.
Mohammad Yousuf Mehmood, Syed Junaid Haqqani, Faraz Zaidi
et al.
Cities are widely considered the lifeblood of a nations economy housing the bulk of industries, commercial and trade activities, and employment opportunities. Within this economic context, multinational corporations play an important role in this economic development of cities in particular, and subsequently the countries and regions they belong to, in general. As multinational companies are spread throughout the world by virtue of ownership-subsidiary relationship, these ties create complex inter-dependent networks of cities that shape and define socio-economic status, as well as macro-regional influences impacting the world economy. In this paper, we study these networks of cities formed as a result of ties between multinational firms. We analyze these networks using intra-regional, inter-regional and hybrid ties (conglomerate integration) as spatial motifs defined by geographic delineation of world's economic regions. We attempt to understand how global cities position themselves in spatial and economic geographies and how their ties promote regional integration along with global expansion for sustainable growth and economic development. We study these networks over four time periods from 2010 to 2019 and discover interesting trends and patterns. The most significant result is the domination of inter-regional motifs representing cross regional ties among cities rather than national and regional integration.
AbstractClimate change has had a significant impact on agriculture, especially in the low-income segment of society. Effective adaptation can increase the resilience of the agricultural sector and the level of food security in the face of climate change. The present study investigated the perceptions of farmers and government experts regarding climate change in the agricultural sector of Rostam City, Fars Province, its effect on agriculture, and adaptation to the observed trends. The adaptation strategy index (ASI) was used to prioritize strategies adapted to climate change, and the Krejcie and Morgan sampling method was used to collect responses from farmers (370 people) and experts (15 people). The validity of the answers was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The findings showed that the experts understood the main evidence and effects of climate change in the region. However, for farmers, hydro-climatic changes in water resources and precipitation were more tangible. They believed that this had a direct impact on income. Therefore, a large part of the studied community chose an adaptive strategy to save irrigation through modernization. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a significant difference between the views of the local community and government experts. This issue can be an obstacle to the implementation of climate change adaptation strategies in the region. In addition to prioritizing and creating awareness, the optimal performance of adaptive policies requires coordination, preferably through a collaborative approach, and overcoming conflicts between local communities and government authorities.Keywords: Climate Change, Adaptation, Farmers, Experts, Rostam City. IntroductionClimate change has challenged the worldwide production of agricultural products (Ayyogari et al., 2014; Bisbis, et al., 2018; Gruda et al., 2019; Morel & Cartau, 2023; Van Tilburg & Hudson, 2022). The most important result is damage to the income and livelihood of farmers in the agricultural sector and jeopardizing food security (Tohidimoghadam et al., 2023; Taheri et al., 2022). Adapting to climate change is one of the latest solutions to the effects of climate change on agriculture. Understanding and changing appropriate behaviors are the most important prerequisites for effective adaptation (Deressa et al., 2009). Owing to a wide range of constraints, farmers are not usually successful in adopting adaptive behaviors. In this research, Rostam City is studied as one of the major production centers of strategic agricultural products in the Fars Province. According to a study conducted by Bazyar and Ahmadvand (2017), the most important obstacles in the development of the agricultural sector of Rostam City are economic, social, and facility factors and limited access to water. To accelerate the adoption of adaptation methods, reduce vulnerability, and increase resilience against climatic hazards, coordination between the views of farmers and relevant officials is very important. The purpose of this research is to study the opinions of local farmers and experts in the agricultural sector regarding the effect of climate change on agricultural products and adaptability to it, and to measure the degree of conformity of the opinions of these two groups. Materials and MethodsThe opinions of 370 farmers and 15 experts in Rostam were studied using a self-made questionnaire to examine their views regarding climate change adaptation strategies. Each questionnaire included three main parts: understanding the concept of climate change, understanding the effects of climate change, and strategies to adapt to climate change. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to assess the reliability of the collected data. The adaptation strategy index (ASI) was used to rank the importance of adaptation strategies to climate change. A two-way ANOVA was used to compare the opinions of the two communities of farmers and relevant experts. This statistical model was used to analyze the average differences between the different groups of data. Research FindingsThe results of the analysis showed that all experts agreed on the issues of temperature increase, drought, and decrease in rainfall and drop in underground and surface water. Only 13.4% disagreed with the dust factor. However, regarding the opinions of farmers, more than 99% considered drought and a decrease in precipitation, approximately 95% decrease in surface water, 89% increase in temperature, and 84% increase in the number of days with dust as effective indicators for understanding climate change. More than 93% of the experts agreed that the cultivated area and income of villagers from the agricultural sector decreased. Approximately 86% of the expert community stated that pests increased, and the level of crop yield decreased. The abandonment of agricultural jobs occurred from the viewpoint of 80% of the experts. Among the respondents, approximately 77% believed that pests increased, and villagers abandoned farming. More than 80 percent believed that the level of cultivation, yield, and income from agriculture decreased. The modernization of irrigation in both societies was known as the most important measure in adapting to climate change. Although migration was the least important strategy for adapting to climate change in both societies, it ranked ninth from the point of view of experts and eleventh from the point of view of farmers. According to the ANOVA results, the views of farmers and experts regarding the realization of climate change, understanding the effects of climate change, and adaptation strategies were different. These differences could be due to the lack of sufficient training of farmers and technical technicians, accurate and practical planning and transparency of programs, and the existence of strong fluctuations in economic variables in the local community. Discussion of Results and ConclusionThe results of the field investigations showed that the drought and decrease in rainfall were concrete events in the understanding of climate change for farmers, who considered the most important result to be a decrease in income. In addition, they reached a level of awareness that the crises caused by global warming made it impossible to achieve sustainable development using traditional approaches, and adapting to climate change and increasing the resilience of new approaches are alternatives. The modernization of irrigation was introduced as the most common implementation method for adapting to climate change. The difference between the attitudes of the local community and government experts is an important challenge in the implementation of climate change adaptation and resilience projects. This issue leads to the non-alignment of policies and a lack of coordination between organizations. Reducing the damage caused by climate change also requires the awareness, understanding, and convergence of strategies at the community level. Therefore, the prerequisite for the implementation of climate change adaptation projects, in addition to education and promotion, is building a sense of trust and overcoming conflicts between the local community and government officials.
City image reflects urban culture and communication and influences tourists’ travel behavior. However, based on field investigations, it was found that Macau’s city space currently faces issues such as an imbalance in practical use efficiency, an overload of historical urban areas, and a mismatch between tourist numbers and spatial capacity. To further understand tourists’ travel experiences and influencing factors in Macau, this study uses user-generated content (UGC) textual data and takes the Macau Special Administrative Region in China as a case study. The ROST CM6.0 software and grounded theory analysis method are utilized to analyze the perceptual content and underlying influencing mechanisms of city image from the perspective of tourists. The research results show that: 1. Tourists’ perception of Macau’s city image mainly stays at the intuitive and superficial level, represented by individual landscapes such as the “Ruins of St. Paul’s”, “Grand Lisboa”, and “Galaxy”. 2. Tourists’ perception of Macau’s city image can be summarized into four main dimensions: architectural and landscape image, cultural and historical image, economic and commercial image, and spatial governance and public service image. 3. Negative aspects of tourists’ perception of Macau’s city image include infrastructure perception, tourism service perception, urban experience perception, and urban safety perception, with spatial scale perception being the most influential factor. Finally, this study proposes effective measures to optimize urban spatial resource allocation, improve urban infrastructure, enhance the spatial environment of the old city, strengthen the promotion of historical culture, improve urban transportation convenience, and enhance urban safety to provide references for enriching the theory of city image perception research and the development of urban tourism in Macau.
Este artículo se basa especialmente en la apropiación de tres herramientas diagnósticas que permiten analizar los siguientes factores: las potencialidades del destino con el mapa de territorio, el estado de la infraestructura turística y complementaria con el DOFA y los componentes estructurales del producto con el análisis de la imagen. Herramientas aplicadas al destino San Antonio en Tolima – Colombia como destino turístico emergente, Municipio que, desde un primer rastreo evidencia potencialidades en el desarrollo del turismo de naturaleza, pero no ha sido visibilizado especialmente por las condiciones de acceso seguido por el desconocimiento en gran parte de la dimensión rural total del municipio.
Temas como destino turístico emergente, desarrollo local y elementos del diagnóstico de la planificación acompañados con la denominación de territorio desde el turismo se unen en el análisis de un estudio de caso que espera otorgar elementos a considerar relevantes en el desarrollo de destinos que inician su proceso de planificación turística convencional en busca de visibilizar la actividad de forma organizada y participativa.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
The logistics of urban areas are becoming more sophisticated due to the fast city population growth. The stakeholders are faced with the challenges of the dynamic complexity of city logistics(CL) systems characterized by the uncertainty effect together with the freight vehicle emissions causing pollution. In this conceptual paper, we present a research methodology for the environmental sustainability of CL systems that can be attained by effective stakeholders' collaboration under non-chaotic situations and the presumption of the human levity tendency. We propose the mathematical axioms of the uncertainty effect while putting forward the notion of condition effectors, and how to assign hypothetical values to them. Finally, we employ a spider network and causal loop diagram to investigate the system's elements and their behavior over time.
Urban inequality is a major challenge for cities in the 21st century. This inequality is reflected in the spatial income structure of cities which evolves in time through various processes. Gentrification is a well-known illustration of these dynamics in which the population of a low income area changes as wealthier residents arrive and old-settled residents are expelled. Less understood but very important is the reverse process of gentrification through which areas of cities get impoverished. Gentrification has been widely studied among social sciences, especially in case studies, but there have been fewer quantitative analyses of this phenomenon, and more generally about the spatial dynamics of income in cities. Here, we first propose a quantitative analysis of these income dynamics in cities based on household incomes in 45 American and 9 French Functional Urban Areas (FUA). We found that an important ingredient that determines the evolution of the income level of an area is the income level of its immediate neighboring areas. This empirical finding leads to the idea that these dynamics can be modeled by the voter model of statistical physics. We show that such a model constitutes an interesting tool for both describing and predicting evolution scenarios of urban areas with a very limited number of parameters (two for the US and one for France). We illustrate our results by computing the probability that areas will change their income status in the case of Boston and Paris at the horizon of 2030.
Thomas Collins, Riccardo Di Clemente, Mario Gutiérrez-Roig
et al.
Urban vibrancy is the dynamic activity of humans in urban locations. It can vary with urban features and the opportunities for human interactions, but it might also differ according to the underlying social conditions of city inhabitants across and within social surroundings. Such heterogeneity in how different demographic groups may experience cities has the potential to cause gender segregation because of differences in the preferences of inhabitants, their accessibility and opportunities, and large-scale mobility behaviours. However, traditional studies have failed to capture fully a high-frequency understanding of how urban vibrancy is linked to urban features, how this might differ for different genders, and how this might affect segregation in cities. Our results show that (1) there are differences between males and females in terms of urban vibrancy, (2) the differences relate to `Points of Interest` as well as transportation networks, and (3) that there are both positive and negative `spatial spillovers` existing across each city. To do this, we use a quantitative approach using Call Detail Record data--taking advantage of the near-ubiquitous use of mobile phones--to gain high-frequency observations of spatial behaviours across the seven most prominent cities of Italy. We use a spatial model comparison approach of the direct and `spillover` effects from urban features on male-female differences. Our results increase our understanding of inequality in cities and how we can make future cities fairer.
Existing neural radiance field-based methods can achieve real-time rendering of small scenes on the web platform. However, extending these methods to large-scale scenes still poses significant challenges due to limited resources in computation, memory, and bandwidth. In this paper, we propose City-on-Web, the first method for real-time rendering of large-scale scenes on the web. We propose a block-based volume rendering method to guarantee 3D consistency and correct occlusion between blocks, and introduce a Level-of-Detail strategy combined with dynamic loading/unloading of resources to significantly reduce memory demands. Our system achieves real-time rendering of large-scale scenes at approximately 32FPS with RTX 3060 GPU on the web and maintains rendering quality comparable to the current state-of-the-art novel view synthesis methods.
Mohammed Adil Saleem, Faraz Zaidi, Celine Rozenblat
One perspective to view the economic development of cities is through the presence of multinational firms; how subsidiaries of various organizations are set up throughout the globe and how cities are connected to each other through these networks of multinational firms. Analysis of these networks can reveal interesting economical and spatial trends, as well as help us understand the importance of cities in national and regional economic development. This paper aims to study networks of cities formed due to the linkages of multinational firms over a decade (from 2010 to 2019). More specifically we are interested in analyzing the growth and stability of various cities in terms of the connections they form with other cities over time. Our results can be summarized into two key findings: First, we ascertain the central position of several cities due to their economically stable connections; Second, we successfully identify cities that have evolved over the past decade as the presence of multinational firms has increased in these cities.
Lucia Molina Pérez, Ana B. Casado Díaz, Ricardo Sellers-Rubio
The websites of destination marketing organizations are very frequently the first contact between the tourist and the destination. This paper analyses the search engine optimization of these websites and proposes an index of visibility for them at national level. The analysis is carried out in three differentiated geographical frameworks: the province of Alicante, the Valencian Community and the coastal destinations of the rest of the Spanish regions. The results show significant differences in the desktop version of the search engine optimization of the websites examined.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
arash ghorbani sepehr, Afshin Mottaghi, Zahra Ansari
et al.
The city of Tehran, based on the 1404 document and the comprehensive plan approved in 2007, is a global, sustainable and coherent city with a structure suitable for leisure and leisure as well as a well-informed urban community with appropriate infrastructure. In order to achieve such a definition, the mentioned documents include promotion of the role and position of Tehran in transnational, national and regional levels, economic development and prosperity of the city of Tehran, improvement of communication networks, environmental protection, active restitution and conservation of natural heritage , Historical and cultural city of Tehran, and the development of green spaces, public spaces, recreation and tourism are predicted. One of the most important areas that can be used to operate the above strategies is the urban tourism area in the Tehran metropolis. Therefore, the issue of competition in urban tourism is an important factor in the progress of all cities of the country in competing with each other and, as a result of the prosperity and prosperity of the country at the national level, and then in competition with neighboring countries and globally, will make rapid progress and attract much capital to the country. The main objective of the research is to study the political geography of competition in urban tourism. Seeking to reach the goal of this article, the statistical population of the study is the provinces of Iran, which Tehran province has selected as a case study. In line with the aim of the study, data related to tourist attractions were collected using the Statistical Yearbook of the provinces (Tourism Organization, Cultural Heritage, Governor's Office in 1395) and then TOPSIS and ARC map software were used to map the provinces.