Hasil untuk "Mechanical drawing. Engineering graphics"

Paola Bertola, Daria Casciani, Erminia D'Itria

The fashion industry is experiencing a significant shift, influenced by new regulations and tools aimed at improving transparency, accountability, and lifecycle monitoring throughout supply chains. In this transformative landscape, the integration of technologies opens new possibilities for circularity, traceability, and material innovation, while also holding the potential to reshape fashion design and manufacturing processes and practices toward a more sustainable and responsible industry. This study highlights the critical role of design as a methodological tool to support the transition toward a sustainable and circular fashion industry and its supply chains as a whole ecosystem. It explores data-informed and generative design strategies to enable digital interoperability toward mass personalization, on-demand, and inclusive garment design and production. It investigates hybrid practices that merge non-standard fabrication technologies with traditional craftsmanship, aligning with Industry 5.0 values of human-centric production. By positioning fashion as both a cultural practice and a complex industry needing integrated systemic approaches, the paper underscores the core importance of design as a transformative driver that relies on cross-disciplinary collaborations. This contribution offers both theoretical and practical insights for researchers, designers, and industry stakeholders navigating the complex transition toward a more sustainable and digitally enabled fashion ecosystem.

Martina Liboni, Francesca Mucchetti, Pier Paolo Peruccio

The digital transformation is reshaping the role of corporate archives, expanding the possibilities for preserving, managing, and enhancing companies’ historical heritage. This study stems from the following research question: how are emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain altering the practices, meanings, and potential of corporate digital archives for design and communication? Through an interdisciplinary analysis and three significant case studies (Fondazione Fiera Milano, Museimpresa/Google Arts & Culture, and the Riva Historical Archive), the paper examines how AI and blockchain introduce new tools for automatic indexing, multimodal search, metadata generation, document certification, and authenticity safeguarding. The findings show that digitalization not only improves the efficiency of archival processes but also expands the ways materials can be accessed and interpreted, transforming archives into true laboratories of innovation for design, brand storytelling, and heritage communication strategies. The contribution of this research lies in proposing a theoretical-applied framework that demonstrates how the integration of digital archives, AI, and blockchain opens new perspectives for the study of design culture, for the enhancement of Made in Italy excellence, and for the development of more transparent, accessible, and future-oriented archival ecosystems.

Marco Elia, Roberto Bianchi, Carmela Bravaccio et al.

This contribution describes the outcome of an interdisciplinary research project that aims to define new autism-friendly tools of inclusive design, created by groups of young designers, to ensure the accessibility, fruition and physical, cognitive and sensorial perception of artworks. The research methodology was structured as follows: analysis of cognitive disabilities to identify user needs; processing of the collected data and concept design phase to define the characteristics of the devices and the choice of materials; design development; creation of prototypes and testing with autistic youths in the exhibition spaces of the Gallery; dissemination of results. The AllIS research project illustrates how design, conceived as an inclusive and interdisciplinary process, can generate practical tools that transform cultural heritage spaces into more welcoming, understandable, and engaging environments for all.

Lisa Giusti Gestri

The digital revolution has catalyzed innovation across multiple sectors, yet the construction industry has been comparatively slow to adopt emerging technologies. Industrialized Building (IB), characterized by off-site production, modular systems, and digital integration, has re-emerged as a focal point in both industry and academic discourse. Despite its historical roots, IB remains underexplored in terms of its relationship with design-value principles. This paper explores how design can act as a strategic driver within IB, enhancing its economic, social, and environmental impact. The author is guided by the hypothesis that integrating design-value principles into industrialized construction processes can foster innovation, sustainability, and systemic transformation. Using a qualitative methodology based on a structured literature review and cross-national comparative analysis, the paper examines historical trajectories, regulatory frameworks, and technological trends influencing IB adoption. The field of application focuses on European construction contexts, with particular attention to the role of design in aligning industrialized methods with circular economy principles and evolving policy objectives. Findings suggest that design value is a critical yet underutilized dimension in the evolution of IB, offering pathways for improved performance, adaptability, and cultural relevance in contemporary construction practices.

Sergey V. Uchaikin, Boris I. Ivanov, Arjan F. van Loo et al.

We present the development of two complementary amplifier architectures for axion haloscope experiments, based on two types of Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPAs). The first employs a multi-chip module of flux-driven JPAs in a parallel–series configuration, enabling near quantum-limited amplification over an extended tunable range of between 1.2 and 1.5 GHz. The second design features a lumped-element JPA, offering continuous tunability across a wide frequency range from 2.4 to 4 GHz. Both approaches demonstrate near-quantum-limited noise performance and are compatible with operation in cryogenic environments. These amplifiers significantly enhance the sensitivity and frequency coverage of axion search experiments, and also provide new opportunities for broadband quantum sensing applications.

Anouar Ragragui, Adnane Ouazzani Chahdi, Amina Arbah et al.

Nowadays, 3D computer graphics are firmly anchored in our daily lives, extending across a multitude of distinct fields. Although each field follows its specific objectives, two major objectives are taken into consideration: realism and rendering speed. This is why image-based rendering (IBMR) techniques, such as revolution mapping, are gaining interest. Revolution-bump mapping is an image-based rendering that allows the creation of 3D objects in their entirety and without using polygonal meshes. The objective of the study presented in this paper is to improve the revolution-bump mapping technique as well as its extensions while ensuring that the application of textures on revolved surfaces is realized adequately. This development will allow the creation of pre-existing revolve models, while maintaining the essential rendering speed requirements for real-time rendering.

Renata Gudaitiene, Vygintas Minkus, Andrius Darulis

With the development of modern technology, three-dimensional graphics (3D) are increasingly making their way into various fields such as design, advertising, packaging, industry and even medicine. Three-dimensional graphic elements can be not only modelled, but also apadted for the three-dimensional printing. However, the quality of the print is highly dependent on the printing method used, technological process and on the properties of the material. In this work, the models were created using 3D graphics software and tested after 3D printing. The new acrylic resin TGM-7, developed by AmeraLabs, was used for the 3D printing. During the testing process, the models were calibrated in order to obtain accurate and high-quality models with fewer inaccuracies or defects in the future and precise connections. During the experiments, a more significant change in dimensions was observed in the lower part of the models, which could have occurred due to the deposition of the polymer. Samples printed at a 45° angle had more accurate dimensions. The mechanism of parameters compensation in the XY and YX axis was demonstrated. During the work, the mechanical properties of the material were also determined, which are important for the many applications such as packaging, advertising items or other products subject to load. The acrylic resin, printed at different angles, exhibited plastic propertie, and samples printed at a 90° angle were better able to withstand dynamic loads, which averaged 206 N. The obtained results were applied to the creation and printing of an advertising model.

Fernando Corrêa, Julio Michael Stern, Rafael Bassi Stern

In this article, we present an extension of the Full Bayesian Significance Test (FBST) for nonparametric settings, termed NP-FBST, which is constructed using the limit of finite dimension histograms. The test statistics for NP-FBST are based on a plug-in estimate of the cross-entropy between the null hypothesis and a histogram. This method shares similarities with Kullback–Leibler and entropy-based goodness-of-fit tests, but it can be applied to a broader range of hypotheses and is generally less computationally intensive. We demonstrate that when the number of histogram bins increases slowly with the sample size, the NP-FBST is consistent for Lipschitz continuous data-generating densities. Additionally, we propose an algorithm to optimize the NP-FBST. Through simulations, we compare the performance of the NP-FBST to traditional methods for testing uniformity. Our results indicate that the NP-FBST is competitive in terms of power, even surpassing the most powerful likelihood-ratio-based procedures for very small sample sizes.

Sasha Londoño-Venegas, Adriana Jaramillo Botero

This contribution reflects on two challenges: the first focuses on analysing how architects-designers, teachers-students, should apply post-pandemic projective thinking from the academy. On the other hand, to make a critical reflection on how specifically from the PUJCali, under the methodologies of service-learning, co-design and placemaking, work has been done and can continue to be done in favor of small disadvantaged communities with the intention of producing significant changes for them. Especially after the pandemic, we wonder how it would be possible to orient these experiences towards a more collaborative, inclusive, transdisciplinary, collective and transcommunity learning system, moving away from hegemonic positions. How these workshops have a direct impact on the communities of school-age children and increase their well-being in multiple aspects, as well as improving their coexistence and behaviours. Valuing research work in conjunction with the community highlights the importance of appropriation by those directly involved when they feel part of the work process.

Clive Dilnot

The paper is concerned with beginning to lay a basis for a more comprehensive model of designing, one that can overcome the abyss between the conceptual limitations of purely professional designing and wider instincts of design capabilities. The qualifier for today is that such a model of designing has to establish a structural relationship to the artificial. The approach in the paper has been to reach back into the last time such projects were attempted in the late 1960s/1970s, and to use as a moment Herbert Simon’s propositions on design and the artificial developed in The Sciences of the Artificial. These propositions were never fully thought through by design. This is in part perhaps because of the difficulty of thinking design in its professional moments in relation to Simon’s theses on the artificial. As will be seen below, in several respects these propositions severely challenge the limits of professional thinking in design. At the same time, does Simon’s proposition that design and the artificial are essentially identical (the one dependent upon the other) ground design more deeply than we have previously thought? Does this in turn offer an objective basis on which a more comprehensive model of designing, embracing both practice and capacity, can be constructed? This is the wager the article explores. It makes no definitive claims. Its aim is to ask the question.

Elena Cavallin

Based on doctoral research developments, the paper presents an analysis of how the use of Artificial Intelligence technologies and Data Driven Design can be the key to activating sustainable design actions that have positive impacts on the human body and communities. First we will distinguish how technology can be beneficial, in two macro cases, whether placed within the design or in the product/service itself. This will be followed by an analysis of the types of spillovers based on spatial/temporal factors and types of implementation. Research still under development focuses on comparison of case studies and analysis of literature sources. A subsequent prototyping and testing phase is planned to test whether what is hypothesised in the current phase is tangible and to what extent the effects are controllable.

Arthur Pilone, Paulo Meirelles, Fabio Kon et al.

A central challenge for ensuring the success of software projects is to assure the convergence of developers' and users' views. While the availability of large amounts of user data from social media, app store reviews, and support channels bears many benefits, it still remains unclear how software development teams can effectively use this data. We present an LLM-powered approach called DeeperMatcher that helps agile teams use crowd-based requirements engineering (CrowdRE) in their issue and task management. We are currently implementing a command-line tool that enables developers to match issues with relevant user reviews. We validated our approach on an existing English dataset from a well-known open-source project. Additionally, to check how well DeeperMatcher works for other languages, we conducted a single-case mechanism experiment alongside developers of a local project that has issues and user feedback in Brazilian Portuguese. Our preliminary analysis indicates that the accuracy of our approach is highly dependent on the text embedding method used. We discuss further refinements needed for reliable crowd-based requirements engineering with multilingual support.

Therese Biedl, Anna Lubiw, Jack Spalding-Jamieson

We give an algorithm to morph planar graph drawings that achieves small grid size at the expense of allowing a constant number of bends on each edge. The input is an $n$-vertex planar graph and two planar straight-line drawings of the graph on an $O(n) \times O(n)$ grid. The planarity-preserving morph is composed of $O(n)$ linear morphs between successive pairs of drawings, each on an $O(n) \times O(n)$ grid with a constant number of bends per edge. The algorithm to compute the morph runs in $O(n^2)$ time on a word RAM model with standard arithmetic operations -- in particular no square roots or cube roots are required. The first step of the algorithm is to morph each input drawing to a planar orthogonal box drawing where vertices are represented by boxes and each edge is drawn as a horizontal or vertical segment. The second step is to morph between planar orthogonal box drawings. This is done by extending known techniques for morphing planar orthogonal drawings with point vertices.

Balázs Bradák, Mayuko Nishikawa, Christopher Gomez

The study introduces a theory about a giant impact on the surface of Dione. Our study suspects a relatively low-velocity (≤5 km/s) collision between a c.a. 50–80 km diameter object and Dione, which might have resulted in the resurfacing of its intermediate cratered terrain. The source of the impactor might have been a unique satellite-centric debris, a unique impactor population, suspected in the Saturnian system. Other possible candidates are asteroid(s) appearing during the outer Solar System heavy bombardment period, or a collision, which might have happened during the “giant impact phase” in the early Saturnian system (coinciding with the Late Heavy Bombardment, or not).

Gizem Çelebi, Çiğdem Kaya

Products embody possibilities for performativity in everyday actions. These are eliminated in the design process to create usage scenarios. But users interpret product use in terms of performativity. Product use cases are discussed in performativity terms borrowed from performance art literature: iterability, referentiality, delegated performance, performance as a set of task-based instructions outsourced to other people, allowing construction, enabling improvisation, plurality of meanings, collective body, and dependence on time and space. The methodology is structured on applying these to critical design (CD) and activity-centred design (ACD); because while CD bears resemblances to performance art with its position on the subjects of design, ACD focuses on the activities of the user’s body as it performs with products. Body-product relations are considered in the design process; but the potential is greater in terms of performativity. So, the design process can include consideration of the users’ actions and of performativity terms.

Anouar Ragragui, Adnane Ouazzani Chahdi, Akram Halli et al.

Creating 3D computer-generated surfaces has long been a difficult challenge in computer graphics, particularly when portraying massive landscapes with extremely detailed surfaces in real-time. Despite significant advances in computer vision in recent years, there is still a great demand for improved realism and the capacity to edit computer-generated 3D surfaces in real-time. We propose three scalable and faster algorithms for creating extended, beveled, and chamfered patterns using only two textures and a simple shape box. The proposed techniques produce visually pleasing results in real-time while retaining optimal rendering performance and without increasing the mesh density of the shape box.

Thomas Müller, Alex Evans, Christoph Schied et al.

Neural graphics primitives, parameterized by fully connected neural networks, can be costly to train and evaluate. We reduce this cost with a versatile new input encoding that permits the use of a smaller network without sacrificing quality, thus significantly reducing the number of floating point and memory access operations: a small neural network is augmented by a multiresolution hash table of trainable feature vectors whose values are optimized through stochastic gradient descent. The multiresolution structure allows the network to disambiguate hash collisions, making for a simple architecture that is trivial to parallelize on modern GPUs. We leverage this parallelism by implementing the whole system using fully-fused CUDA kernels with a focus on minimizing wasted bandwidth and compute operations. We achieve a combined speedup of several orders of magnitude, enabling training of high-quality neural graphics primitives in a matter of seconds, and rendering in tens of milliseconds at a resolution of ${1920\!\times\!1080}$.