Hasil untuk "Industrial relations"

Iryna Koval

The article discusses the issues of legal protection and enforcement of industrial property rights. The concept and content of administrative legal protection and administrative legal enforcement of industrial property rights are defined. The concept of administrative legal protection is based on the concept and structure of the mechanism of administrative legal regulation. The components of the mechanism of administrative legal regulation of industrial property relations include: administrative legal norms; legal facts which are the basis for administrative legal relations; administrative legal relations; acts of realization of rights and obligations by the subjects of these legal relations; and activities of authorized bodies for the application of legal norms. The author outlines the range of bodies authorized by the state to carry out administrative legal enforcement of these rights: customs authorities of Ukraine, bodies of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine, which ensures state protection of competition in business and public procurement, the Appeals Chamber of the Ukrainian National Office for Intellectual Property and Innovations, and local courts. It is established that the peculiarities of administrative legal enforcement of industrial property rights lies, firstly, in the combination of protection of public and private interests in the area of legitimate exercise of these rights; secondly, the administrative legal procedure for enforcement of industrial property rights is based on a combination of actions of authorized bodies and actions of right holders who initiate the procedure. In view of this, it is proposed to exclude the provision of Part 5 of Article 397 of the Customs Code of Ukraine on the exemption of customs authorities from liability for failure to take measures for the enforcement of intellectual property rights. To improve the administrative legal enforcement of industrial property rights, it is also proposed to bring the content of actions recognized as unfair competition in Art. 164-3 of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses and the Law of Ukraine ’’On Protection Against Unfair Competition’’ into line.

Oleh Pylypchuk, Oleh Strelko, Yuliia Berdnychenko

We are delighted to welcome you to the new issue of the journal on the history of science and technology! This issue is unique as it explores diverse aspects of the development of science and technology in various countries and historical periods. We invite you on an exciting journey through the pages of this issue, where you will find works by distinguished scientists such as Maryna Gutnyk, Florian Nürnberger, Tetiana Karmadonova, Natalya Pasichnyk, Renat Rizhniak, Нanna Deforzh, Liudmyla Zhuravlova, and many others. Their research covers various facets of history and technology. The collaborative work by Maryna Gutnyk and Florian Nürnberger presents a comprehensive exploration of the evolution of the Fe-C diagram, tracing its historical development through the lenses of various scientific contributions over time. Their analysis underscores the rich history behind this diagram, highlighting the foundational studies dating back to the early 19th century, marking crucial milestones in understanding the carbon content in steel and its implications for industrial applications. The authors' meticulous use of comparative analysis, synthesis, and chronological examination sheds light on the gradual refinement and evolution of the Fe-C diagram. From the initial recognition of graphite as pure carbon to the establishment of phase diagrams through collaborative efforts at international congresses, the Fe-C diagram's progression intertwines with the advancements of the industrial revolution. Tetiana Karmadonova's work on the migration trends of Ukrainian researchers from 1991 to 2023 provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted factors driving the migration of scientists from Ukraine to various destination countries, particularly against the backdrop of recent events in the country. The study delves into the intricate landscape of migration among Ukrainian researchers across different historical periods. Natalya Pasichnyk, Renat Rizhniak, and Нanna Deforzh's meticulous study on the publications in the "Bulletin of Experimental Physics and Elementary Mathematics" from 1886 to 1917 offers invaluable insights into the organization, proceedings, and outcomes of domestic and international congresses of mathematicians and natural scientists during that period. Their research, focused on a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of these journal publications, sheds light on the pivotal role of these gatherings in the scientific and pedagogical realms Liudmyla Zhuravlova's research on the evolution of techno-nationalism and the pivotal role of space in this phenomenon from the 1980s to the 2020s offers a compelling exploration into the intricate dynamics of technological advancements and their influence on international relations and national strategies. The article delves deeply into the theoretical comprehension of techno-nationalism, particularly examining its relationship with space policy and its relevance within the context of US-China relations. Employing an interdisciplinary approach, drawing from historical, economic, political sciences, and international relations theory, the research unravels the dichotomous evolution of techno-nationalism juxtaposed against techno-globalism. Zhuravlova's work accentuates the ongoing power struggle between the US and China within the space industry, amplifying the techno-nationalist dimensions within innovation systems. Artemii Bernatskyi and Mykola Sokolovskyi's research presents a comprehensive review of the evolution of additive manufacturing (AM) processes within the realm of metallurgy, spanning from the foundational theories of layer-by-layer manufacturing to the contemporary landscape of AM technologies. This work illuminates the rapid advancements within the AM sector, capturing the profound interest of the scientific community. It underscores the dual significance of AM technologies - not only as an alternative manufacturing method for existing structures but also as a gateway to crafting new, intricately complex structures unattainable through traditional methodologies. Through meticulous analysis and classification of prior studies focusing on technological advancements and implementations, the research establishes a structured approach towards comprehensively mapping the development of additive manufacturing technologies in various trajectories. As a result, the research proposes a systematic approach to formulate a comprehensive scheme for AM technology development, thereby offering a framework that navigates the intricate landscape of technological advancements in various directions. Mykhailo Klymenko's meticulous study offers a comprehensive evaluation of Professor Tomasz Nikodem Ścibor-Rylski's pioneering contributions to the development of agricultural machinery testing during the latter half of the 19th century. This research sheds new light on Rylski's scientific endeavors and their significant impact on the evolution of agricultural equipment testing. Employing principles of historicism, scientific rigor, and objectivity, Klymenko utilizes historical-scientific methodologies, archival analysis, and generalization to present a nuanced understanding of Rylski's work. For the first time, archival documents are introduced, unveiling insights into the scientist's activities in advancing the field of agricultural machinery testing. Mohamad Khairul Anuar Mohd Rosli, Ahmad Kamal Ariffin Mohd Rus, and Suffian Mansor's insightful study delves into the overlooked yet pivotal role of electricity, specifically facilitated by the Perak River Hydro-Electric Power Company (PRHEPC), in the tin-mining industry within Kinta Valley during the period of 1927 to 1940. The research illuminates the historical emergence of electricity as a dominant power source in the tin-mining industry of Colonial Malaya, a topic that has received minimal attention in Malaysian historiography. Sana Simou, Khadija Baba, and Abderrahman Nounah's research represents a profound call to action amidst the urgent need to safeguard Morocco's cultural heritage, notably exemplified by the Marinid Madrasa within the Chellah archaeological site in Rabat. This research intricately weaves advanced technologies with a profound appreciation for the historical, social, and cultural significance of these sites. It charts a course that not only conserves architectural brilliance but also honors the profound stories encapsulated across epochs. Ultimately, it emerges as a blueprint for harmonizing the past with the present, ensuring the preservation of cultural heritage while embracing the imperatives of progress. In his article, Oleh Strelko shows that the history of bridge construction is an important part of historical knowledge. Developments in bridge construction technology reflect not only engineering advances, but also social, economic and cultural aspects of society. Engineers and scientists faced unique challenges when designing and building bridges depending on the technological level of the era, available materials and the needs of society. This process may reflect technological progress, changes in transportation needs, and cultural and social changes. The purpose of this article is to briefly review key moments and stages in the history of metal bridge construction using welding technology in the 20th century. We invite you on this exciting journey with our authors exploring the history of science, technology, and cultural heritage. May this issue broaden your knowledge and inspire new research endeavors!

Jessica Cunningham, Anna Hui, Julia Lane et al.

Zhao Min, Li Peng, Chen Changchun et al.

Living heritage sites will have continuous changes in continuous use, and the general rule of their evolution has not been systematically studied. The evolution of living heritage sites is a continuous space production process. It is of great significance to reveal its characteristics and logic for the protection, utilization and inheritance of living heritage sites. Tradition, site and living are the three elements to express the liveness of heritage sites. The three elements are coupled with the "spatial ternary dialectics" (representation of space - space practice-space of representation) to build a TSL (Tradition-Site-Living) model. Applying this model to study Old Town of Lijiang, it is found that: 1) The Old Town has experienced three stages of space production, namely "consumption in space" around the intention of the ruling class under the guidance of political function, "production in space" around the needs of the citizen class under the guidance of industrial and commercial function, and "space production and consumption" centered on the activities of outside operators and tourists under the guidance of tourism function. Core communities have played a key role, and the reconstruction of core communities in different periods has a direct impact on the transformation of space production. 2) The change of external environment factors promotes the succession of the core use functions of the Old Town, triggering the interaction of living, site and tradition, so as to realize the space production process of each stage. The function adjustment is inseparable from the transformation of physical space, and the shaping of place will lead to the change of social life and the variation of cultural tradition. The power subject in social relations restricts the shaping of place and guides social life through traditional construction. The reconstruction of social relations can promote cultural exchanges and traditional evolution, and the transformation of lifestyle will promote the adjustment and optimization of physical space. 3) The continuous space production of living heritage sites is the result of the operation of endogenous mechanism driven by external factors, which follows three logics: the continuous change of time and space, the driving of external environmental factors and the operation of internal living elements. The logic of temporal and spatial continuous change shows that the living heritage sites are constantly changing in the continuous space production, but always inherit the historical and cultural value. The driving logic of external environmental factors shows that the change of external political and economic environment leads to the transformation of physical space, and the change of external social and cultural environment leads to the change of social structure, lifestyle and cultural representation. The operation logic of internal living elements shows that the ternary interaction of "living-site-tradition" is the operating mechanism of continuous space production of living heritage sites. The living heritage site is a space-time continuum composed of time, environment and space, and the TSL model provides a theoretical framework for revealing the basic rule of continuous changes in living heritage sites.

Marco Guerini

The essay proposes a reconstruction of the main quantitative and qualitative theories that have emerged in economics about the impacts on the labour market deriving from the progressive replacement of human labour by robots. In light of this, the Author acknowledges several interpretative lines observed in the industry for about a decade. Such an analysis is functional to investigate how the process of man-machine substitution (or its threat) responds not exclusively to deterministic logic linked to technological progress. Instead, it closely intertwines with strategic choices originating in processes that characterise labour law and industrial relations, particularly affecting the determination of the working conditions of underqualified and, thus, more easily replaceable workers. Indeed, if the regulation of the phenomenon were determined solely by mercantile interests, this would present a risk to the very stability of the welfare state. Therefore, it is urgent to activate the protection techniques offered by labour law to encourage the spread of robotics that, instead of aiming at replacing workers tout court, aspires to make their work less burdensome and, thus, more dignified.

Guglielmo Meardi

This comment reflects on "The Car Profession" research on the background of previous sociological investigations on Fiat factories and with references to parallel international debates. By looking at the historical, industrial relations and organizational aspects, it frames the question of why labour at Fiat appeared more successful in the "domestication" of Fordism than in that of post-Fordism, and outlines some avenues for further research on this question.

Yahin Sergej, Gabdrafikov Fanil, Khaliullin Farit et al.

Development of agriculture in conditions of market relations is accompanied by aggravation of the problem of efficiency of use of technics. In this connection, the task of scientists is to increase the actual volume of work performed by tractor units, reducing the cost per unit of production. The high cost of tractors, the lack of personnel, the reduction of technical equipment of farms and the increase in the volume of products produced in the agro-industrial complex, natural and climatic conditions impose special requirements on technical service to maintain tractors in working conditions. The working state of tractors is the state at which values of parameters, which characterize ability to execute the given functions, correspond to normative-reference and design documents. During the operation of tractors in agriculture under the influence of various factors, wear of their parts and knots. The indicator determining the value of wear is the residual resource of aggregates and knots of technics. In the article the questions of influence of residual resources of basic aggregates and systems of tractor on frequency of failures of various groups of complexity are considered. Experimental research on determination of dependencies of residual resources of tractor units and frequency of failures of different groups of complexity, on the basis of which the rules of replacement of the unit whose resource are exhausted, is carried out, i.e. is replaced with a full of the resource (new) or on the aggregate after overhaul.

Niels Nijsingh, Christian Munthe, D. G. Joakim Larsson

Abstract Background Emissions of high concentrations of antibiotics from manufacturing sites select for resistant bacteria and may contribute to the emergence of new forms of resistance in pathogens. Many scientists, industry, policy makers and other stakeholders recognize such pollution as an unnecessary and unacceptable risk to global public health. An attempt to assess and reduce such discharges, however, quickly meets with complex realities that need to be understood to identify effective ways to move forward. This paper charts relevant key actor-types, their main stakes and interests, incentives that can motivate them to act to improve the situation, as well as disincentives that may undermine such motivation. Methods The actor types and their respective interests have been identified using research literature, publicly available documents, websites, and the knowledge of the authors. Results Thirty-three different actor-types were identified, representing e.g. commercial actors, public agencies, states and international institutions. These are in complex ways connected by interests that sometimes may conflict and sometimes pull in the same direction. Some actor types can act to create incentives and disincentives for others in this area. Conclusions The analysis demonstrates and clarifies the challenges in addressing industrial emissions of antibiotics, notably the complexity of the relations between different types of actors, their international dependency and the need for transparency. The analysis however also suggests possible ways of initiating incentive-chains to eventually improve the prospects of motivating industry to reduce emissions. High-resource consumer states, especially in multinational cooperation, hold a key position to initiate such chains.

Sherif Ibrahim, Fekry Ibrahim, Abd Elnaby Abo Elmagd

Safety and Occupational health is a Science aiming to protecting workers in factories and work facilities from accidents that may cause injuries or death to the worker. In light of modern industrial and technological developments and the reliance on systems in various forms in the industrial processes and management of institutions , many problems in the interfacing Between the human (worker) and the new elements of the productive process, the reliance on systems resulted in ergonomics problems facing workers in the workplace which led to the emergence of Occupational Ergonomics (OE) to study these interactive relations in the workplace and the relevant harmful effects on human beings, and HSE applications , which have become dependent on proactive processes or prediction of accidents or occupational diseases, which contributed to the emergence of Industrial Hygiene (IH), which is a Modern science specialized in the study and analysis of industrial stages, the systems used and procedures in order to anticipate the process of man exposure to or being affected by risk.This summary reviews the general features and findings of the research, entitled " The Contributions of Occupational Ergonomics in Industrial Hygiene" . The research focuses on clarifying the role of Occupational Ergonomics in the field of studying the risks and security of people in the workplace along with supporting and reinforcing public health, through demonstrating the characteristics of this science in terms of its division into the types of interfacing between Human and the components of the workplace (the Technology of Occupational Ergonomics), which helps classify the types of confrontation and identify the disciplines and sciences that study and analyze risks : it is characterized by the study and analysis of systems , their interaction with each other and the resulting impact on the human (macro ergonomics) , in addition to provide solutions through the program Occupational Ergonomics , which is one of the most practical aspects of this science.Given that Industrial hygiene is modern science, involved the health and safety of human in the work place, this research reviews the role of Ergonomist and the contributions of this science in general in the stages of Industrial hygiene so as to achieve integration to realize the common goal better, which will be reflected Human health , production efficiency, reducing occupational injuries and diseases in the workplace.

A. Yu. Butyrin, E. B. Stativa, O. V. Zhukova et al.

The issue of out-of-court settlement of disputes between participants in construction is considered. The relevance of the study stems from the excessive number of legal disputes of business entities. This fact requires a new perspective on the existing but still unpopular conciliation procedures, which can mitigate the burden of the judiciary. The mediation procedure seems to be the most attractive to the authors to that end. The article provides a range of advantages of turning the disputants to the mediator in comparison with the traditional judicial process. In this regard, the attention of the authors is focused on the mediator figure itself, the benefits of engaging an expert builder (a person competent in the field of construction who carries out forensic analysis on a permanent basis) are explained.The question of whether the participants in the construction industry are ready to resolve their economic disputes in the pretrial order is considered. According to the authors this is obstructed by: persistent paternalism firmly entrenched in the minds of the disputing parties, traditional distrust to the mediator as not having the authority, the exhaustiveness of the parties’ desire for unquestionable victory in the dispute and not for a compromise the inefficiency of the defensive practice using concealment or falsification of information, etc.In conclusion, the authors note the current unreadiness of the construction industry parties to actively participate in out-of-court settlement of disputes as well as a positive tendency among the Russian builders to using civilized forms of industrial interaction and express the hope that mediation will take its rightful place in the segment of public relations under consideration.

Victoria Valerievna Vlasova

The article describes the main trends in the functioning of the financial-investment mechanism of site, problems of its organization. It identifies directions of perfection of financial-investment mechanism of territory in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. In the new draft of the State program «Socio-economic development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation for the period till 2020» it is planned to implement 171 activities, infrastructure and industrial projects, investment projects based on interregional cooperation and the creation of production chains, beyond the limits of the Arctic zone of Russia. Projects of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation have their own specifics that require special mechanisms for concentration of national and international financial, material and human resources on the priorities of territorial development and coordination among all participants. It is necessary to ensure the economic security of Russia’s national interests in the Arctic zone. Therefore, in terms of financial support of implementation of national and large-scale infrastructure projects in the Arctic requires not only new mechanisms of governance that will ensure the strategic orientation of the activities of different spheres: budgetary, banking and insurance, stock market, business entities, clarify their functions and interactions, but also modernization of system of financing of projects and programmes, improvement of financialinvestment mechanism of the territory. Financial strategy of the state in the aspect of economic security shall be determined by the economic and social development strategies of the country and to determine the extent and techniques of government intervention in the financial activities of business entities, methods of concentration of public financial resources and ways of maneuvering financial resources in all spheres, not only budget. It should be possible to modify the organization of financial relations. The concentration of financial resources of different areas requires the development of a state model of the financial mechanism areas that provide a transition from the processes of regulation of individual spheres, the modes of coordination, consolidation and mobilization of financial resources all the participants, including at national and international level. Depending on the purpose and necessity of a combination of these modes.

Julia Krein

Resumo: A crescente concentração de poder econômico em cinco grandes empresas de tecnologia digital tem se tornado cada vez mais evidente, sem que a análise antitruste tradicional tenha as ferramentas adequadas para mensurar potenciais riscos à concorrência das políticas empresariais dessas novas detentoras de poder econômico. Dentre essas políticas cujos efeitos ainda não são inteiramente conhecidos está o uso de dados pessoais dos usuários por plataformas de redes sociais como o Facebook. No contexto em que essas empresas operam como negócios de dois lados e o monitoramento dos usuários faz com que os dados adquiram valor econômico, torna-se cada vez mais necessária a análise das implicações concorrenciais desse uso, diante das possíveis assimetrias de informação, custos de transação e barreiras à entrada que causa, bem como eventuais incentivos para adoção de condutas anticompetitivas, tais como discriminação de preços, alavancagem e predação por plataformas dominantes. Palavras-chave: defesa da concorrência, condutas anticompetitivas, Big Data, uso de dados pessoais, redes sociais, Facebook. Abstract: The increasing concentration of economic power in five big digital technologies companies has become more evident over time, and antitrust analysis does not have the adequate tools to evaluate potential risks to competition posed by the commercial strategies of these new holders of economic powers. Among these strategies whose effects are not yet fully known is the use of user’s personal data by social networks such as Facebook. In the context in which these companies operate as two-sided businesses and the monitoring of users gives data an economic value, it is increasingly necessary to analyze the antitrust implications of this use, due to possible information asymmetries, transaction costs and barriers to entry caused by it, as well as potential incentives for anticompetitive behavior, such as price discrimination, leveraging and predation by dominant platforms. Keywords: antitrust, anticompetitive conducts, Big Data, use of personal data, social networks, Facebook. Classificação JEL: K21, L42

K. Barmashov

Methodological and methodical questions of denition of a concept of harmonization in economy and estimates of harmonization of social and economic system functioning, concretized on the example of harmonization of industrial and trade policy of the industrial enterprise are considered. The research of questions of harmony in economy opens the existing antagonistic contradictions in external and internal environments of activity of participants of the economic relations. Harmonization of industrial and trade policy of the enterprise is, on the one hand, the strategic plan of production and sales, and on the other hand, process of coordination of purposes, principles, methods, criteria and indicators of the production, marketing and business processes providing them at all stages of life cycle of policy which leads to decrease of economic damage

Ф. T. Кукеева, K. Н. Азимханов

Diplomatic relations between Kazakhstan and India were established on February 23, 1992. In May, 1992 the Embassy of Republic of India in Almaty was open, and in November, 1993 the Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Delhi is opened. The Indian economy - one of most dynamically developing on a planet. In the early nineties in foreign policy strategy of India was a new direction – Central Asia. India attaches great value to development of the relations with Central Asia; initiative so-called “A new Silk way of the Indian foreign policy”, directed on further strengthening of cooperation with the Central Asian region. The important instrument of development and deepening of bilateral cooperation in various spheres is the Intergovernmental Kazakhstan-Indian Joint commission on trade and economic, scientific and technical, industrial and cultural cooperation. Kazakhstan and India will intend to deepen cooperation in the oil and gas sphere. Kazakhstan is open for building of the Indian investments in priority sectors of economy – small and medium business, health care, agriculture, building of objects of Astana.

Conor Gerard Cradden, Jean-Christophe Graz

This paper asks whether collective industrial relations can be promoted by means other than seeking change in public policy. Recent research points to the increasing significance of transnational private regulation (TPR) in developing economies. There is an emerging consensus that market incentives to improve wages and conditions of work can have a modest positive effect on measurable outcomes like hours of work, and health and safety. However, it appears that TPR has little impact on the capacity of workers to pursue such improvements for themselves via collective action. The paper takes a closer look at the potential of TPR to enhance worker voice and participation. It argues that this potential cannot be properly evaluated without understanding how local actors mobilise the social and political resources that TPR provides. The case studies presented show how different TPR schemes have been used by unions in Africa as a means to pursue the interests of members. The authors found that the scale of the impact of TPR in all of the contexts studied depended almost entirely on the existing capacities and resources of the unions involved. TPR led to the creation of collective industrial relations processes, or helped unions to ensure that certain enterprises participated in existing industrial relations processes, but did virtually nothing to enhance the political and organisational capacity of the unions to influence the outcomes of those processes in terms of wages and conditions of employment. The paper concludes that the potential of TPR to promote the emergence of collective industrial relations systems is very low.

Hrobat-Virloget Katja, Poljak-Istenič Saša, Čebron-Lipovec Neža et al.

Article focuses on degraded heritage(s) and their meanings for different groups of inhabitants, interpreting it/them through the studies of dominant and silenced memories. Case-studies of chosen Slovenian urban centres illustrate the consequences of drastic population change after the Second World War and of the transformation of power relations after Slovenia’s independence which brought changes in the political-ideological and economic system. As the authors observed, memories and heritage of Italian, German and Yugoslav inhabitants are often mute and silenced within the contemporary Slovenian hegemonic/authorised heritage discourse. Consequences of changes in social relations were also recognised at the micro level in the valorisation of the socialist heritage of industrial plants and military barracks. Today, these places are left to decay as the material reminders of the unwanted (pre-WWII or socialist) past or they are transformed into centres of youth culture, creative industries or administrative centres. However, such reinterpretation does not enable their former users to access them and claim them as their own heritage.

Fereshteh Ghaysarieh Najafabady, Vahid Ghasemi

Introduction The importance and the role of gender identity in constituting the mental and personal structure of people within the society has caused this variable to be analyzed as one of the key elements in subjects and researches of the social and cultural sciences. This variable implicates as an index for evaluation of the femininity and masculinity on learned social roles and formed gender priorities. In recent years, job satisfaction and its related subjects have been introduced as one of the important research areas in the sociology of occupations. Job satisfaction is the pleasure and joy that an individual gains from his or her work. Several studies have been performed relating to job satisfaction of employers and managers. In some of them, researchers have studied the motivating factors of job satisfaction for masculine and feminine employers. The results show that the motivating factors in females are different from the motivating factors in males and this difference is related to gender (being men or women). But perusing results show that we cannot prioritize job satisfaction factors by considering people's gender. For example, some of the results show that feminine employers (in comparison with masculine employers) emphasize job satisfaction factors based on situation derived from increasing economic advantages, trade development and business growth, although they merely emphasize social – internal job satisfaction factors derived from the relationship with costumers and perusing social goals . On the other hand, other surveys show that some feminine employers put more emphasis on job satisfaction factors based on situation and some masculine employers put more emphasis on social–internal job satisfaction factors. Thus we cannot determine which job satisfaction factor has the highest priority for a masculine or a feminine employer. So, the gender controversy and important discrepancies coming out of it lead sociologists to study sex and the gender. The term sex implies the biological and physical differences between men and women, but gender implies personal and mental characteristics and cultural, psychological and social acquisitive differences between men and women that society determines. So we need to study the relationship between masculinity and femininity (gender identity) and job satisfaction factors. This study concerns the effects of masculinity and femininity dimensions of gender identity on determining the priorities of job satisfaction factors among employers. Materials & Methods The data of this study is gathered by quantitative method, survey technique and questionnaire. Statistical population is composed of the employers of NajafAbad industrial city, Isfahan. Sample size is 180 individuals, selected by cluster sampling method with probability proportional to the sample. In the part related to the evaluation of the gender identity, Bem Sex-Role Inventory was used for the evaluation of the male and female dimensions of gender identity. Discussion of Results & Conclusions After surveying the results using Bem tool and computation of the results, four main groups of the employer's gender identities were determined in underlying statistical sample. It showed that in masculine sample % 26.7 with high scores in masculine scale have a masculine identity, %16.8 with high scores in feminine scale have a feminine identity, %34.7 with high scores in two masculine and feminine scales have a both-gender identity (hermaphrodite) and %21.8 with low scores in both masculine and feminine scales have an indifferent identity. Also, in feminine sample, %35.5 have a feminine identity, %10.1 have a masculine identity, %40.5 have a both-gender identity and % 13.9 have an indifferent identity. There is a meaningful difference in X2 TEST between belonging to both-gender identity groups (masculine and feminine) and the rate of importance rendered to job satisfaction situation factors (X2 = 10.542 , df=1. sig= 0.000 ) . It means there are differences between employers with masculine identity and employers with feminine identity in the rate of the importance they render to the situation factors. In addition, the evaluation rank average for situation factors is higher between the employers with masculine gender identity. The results of the X2 test show that the employers in feminine gender identity group in statistical sample (compared to masculine identity employers) put more emphasis on participation in society, assistance to others and having good relationship with employees. The X2 test shows no meaningful difference for the evaluation of the relationship among employers gender identity and the rate of the importance they render to corresponding with the costumers. (X2 = 0.352, df= 1, sig= 0.553). So the results show that the employers with stronger masculine gender identity dimension , pay more attention to satisfaction factors associated with situation development (e.g. increasing salary , trade development , having leadership role and guiding a great company with rapid growth ), compared to employers with stronger feminine gender identity dimension. Moreover, employers with stronger feminine gender identity dimension prefer satisfaction factors based on having good relations with employees, participation in society and association with others to situation factors. Totally, the results show that gender identity is a proper anticipator for determining the priorities of job satisfaction factors of the employers, because masculine gender identity is related to satisfaction factors based on situation and feminine gender identity is related to satisfaction factors based on relationship with employees and participation in society.

Garnik Sergei, Sokolnikova Olga

In the globalized context of the modern world, the phenomenon of regional integration is one of the most significant factors influencing every aspect of social and economic development of the society. In this regard, new economic relations are formed in Russia in all sectors of the economy, including its industrial agricultural complex. Russian economy as a whole and its agriculture are experiencing the effects of various factors that have both a global and regional perspectives.

Filip Tošenovský

The article focuses on derivation of a regression model which describes dependence of process cycle time on relevant factors entering the process. The analyzed processes are typical in that the coefficient of variation of times corresponding to a given level of influential factors remains stable if the level of the factors change. The derived model is subsequently applied to real industrial data which show that such a model is suitable for the description of relations. The paper has been published with support of Slovak Ministry of Education project KEGA 3/6411/08 „Transformation of the already existing study programme Management of production quality to an university-wide bilingual study programme“.

Carlos E. M. Tucci

As águas urbanas geralmente incluem abastecimento de água e saneamento. Nessa perspectiva, saneamento envolve a coleta de tratamento de efluentes domésticos e industriais, não inclui drenagem urbana, gestão dos resíduos sólidos, porque ainda perdura uma visão desatualizada da gestão das águas urbanas da cidade. Águas urbanas envolvem componentes que permitem o desenvolvimento ambiental sustentável e utilizam os conceitos da gestão integrada dos recursos hídricos (GIRH), necessários para planejamento, implementação e manutenção da infra-estrutura da cidade. Nesse contexto, ficam denominados Gestão Integrada das Águas Urbanas. Neste artigo, analisam-se o desenvolvimento urbano e suas relações com as águas urbanas no Brasil. A gestão dos recursos hídricos no Brasil é realizada por bacias hidrográficas, e o domínio é federal ou estadual. Examinam-se as possibilidades de gestão da água na cidade e na bacia hidrográfica no contexto institucional brasileiro.<br>Urban Waters systems generally include both water supply & sanitation facilities (WSS). Sanitation refers to domestic and industrial sewage collecting and treatment; it does not include urban stormwater or solid waste management systems. Urban water form components of a sustainable urban environment and the use of the integrated water resource management (IWRM) concepts are needed for planning, implementation and maintenance of urban infrastructure. In urban environment, IWRM is referred to specifically as Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM). In this paper urban development and its relations with urban waters in Brazil are assessed. Management of Water Resources in Brazil is developed by basins and the administration is Federal or from the state. This article assess the alternatives of water management in the city and the basin in the Brazilian institutional environment.