Hasil untuk "History of education"

F. Harper, J. Konstan, J. A

H. Marrou, George Lamb

Melissa Costan, Kasim Costan, Anna Weißbach et al.

The gap between theory and practice is well-documented in educational research. Physics teachers' willingness to apply research findings in practice may be influenced by a sceptical attitude towards science education research. This study explores physics teachers' perspectives on science education research, with a particular focus on potential scepticism towards the discipline. A two-step mixed-methods approach was employed: (1) Interviews with a purposeful sample of 13 experienced physics teachers for a first exploration of attitudes towards physics education research, and (2) a quantitative survey of 174 physics teachers to examine, among other aspects, the previously observed attitudes in a larger sample and to identify teacher profiles using latent profile analysis. The interview study revealed both sceptical and non-sceptical attitudes towards physics education research, including some that fundamentally questioned its practical value. Based on the survey data and latent profile analysis, four distinct teacher profiles differing in their level of scepticism towards science education research were identified. While one profile is highly sceptical, the other three exhibit a mix of sceptical and supportive attitudes. Thus, physics teachers are not generally sceptical. However, the cooperation between research and practice is perceived as unproductive by most teachers.

Mikhail G. Katz

Infinitesimals have seen ups and downs in their tumultuous history. In the 18th century, d'Alembert set the tone by describing infinitesimals as chimeras. Some adversaries of infinitesimals, including Moigno and Connes, picked up on the term. We highlight the work of Cauchy, Noël, Poisson and Riemann. We also chronicle reactions by Moigno, Lamarle and Cantor, and signal the start of a revival with Peano.

B. Anderson, M. Simpson

Originally published in 2012, distance education’s history is a tremendous resource for all involved in distance education. Some aspects of that history provide enduring touchstones for present distance educators, creating a heritage that should not be overlooked as distance education continues to develop and expand. In this article we draw on the concept of generational frameworks to focus on particular developments that have shaped and continue to shape distance education. From those developments we identify and discuss seven elements that serve as the core features of the heritage that underpins our distance education practice. We challenge current distance educators to identify their own heritage elements and build on them as they contribute to the future of the discipline.

Eric Wearne

religious and political material in Locke and Rousseau’s authoritarian educational plans may be striking and noteworthy, as Koganzon rightly points out, but there are few indications that authoritarian, parentally controlled education in the age of partisan politics, politicized school boards, and social media bubbles would be similarly free. Nevertheless, even those readers of Liberal States, Authoritarian Families not (yet) persuaded that authoritarian families and schools are among the best available solutions to the problems faced by liberal states today will learn a great deal from Koganzon’s nuanced and penetrating study.

Bin Jiang, Qi Liu, Jian-Peng Li et al.

Abstract Background With the aging population, the number of individuals with dementia in China is increasing rapidly. This community-based study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among older adults in China. Methods In this study, 20,070 individuals aged ≥ 65 were recruited between January 1, 2022, and February 1, 2023, from ten communities in Xiamen City, China. We collected data on age, sex, level of education, and medical history, as well as global cognition and functional status. The prevalence of dementia and MCI was examined, and the risk factors for different groups were assessed. Results The overall prevalence of dementia and MCI was approximately 5.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.1–5.7) and 7.7% (95% CI, 7.4–8.1), respectively. The results also indicated that dementia and MCI share similar risk factors, including older age, female sex, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Compared with individuals with no formal education, those with > 6 years of education had an odds ratio for MCI of 1.83 (95% CI, 1.49–2.25). We also found that only 5.5% of the positive participants chose to be referred to the hospital for further diagnosis and treatment during follow-up visits. Conclusions This study estimated the prevalence and risk factors for dementia and MCI among individuals aged ≥ 65 years in Southeast China. These findings are crucial for preventing and managing dementia and MCI in China.

Norma González Ruda, Ibette Alfonso Pérez, Raquel Bermúdez Morris

La orientación educativa en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la educación superior puede coadyuvar al cumplimiento de las exigencias en la formación de profesionales en el siglo XXI.  No obstante, este espacio no constituye aún, un ámbito privilegiado para programar acciones de orientación educativa, los profesores no cuentan con una guía para realizar esta labor.  El objetivo del trabajo se centra en reflexionar sobre los fundamentos teórico-metodológicos para realizar la orientación educativa en el PEA de la educación superior.  Para estudiar este particular se desarrolló una investigación que permitió la revisión, interpretación y contrastación de diversas fuentes bibliográficas mediante los métodos histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético y el inductivo-deductivo.  Estos métodos permitieron el análisis de la información obtenida y la elaboración de síntesis conclusivas en el plano teórico.  Los resultados obtenidos en el análisis de los modelos estudiados evidencian que la orientación educativa debe ser realizada por un personal especializado o que ha sido preparado para cumplir con esta labor.  Aunque se reconoce en los modelos más actuales al profesor como agente orientador, no quedan esclarecidos los fundamentos teórico-metodológicos para la orientación que debe realizar este agente educativo en el PEA de la educación superior.  Se hace necesario entonces, integrar los fundamentos que aportan los modelos de orientación educativa con los fundamentos de la Didáctica, de manera que se ofrezca una base conceptual y metodológica para la orientación educativa en el PEA de la educación superior. 

Daniel López-Fernández, Aldo Gordillo, Jennifer Pérez et al.

Contribution: This article analyzes the learning and motivational impact of teacher-authored educational video games on computer science education and compares its effectiveness in both face-to-face and online (remote) formats. This work presents comparative data and findings obtained from 217 students who played the game in a face-to-face format (control group) and 104 students who played the game in an online format (experimental group). Background: Serious video games have been proven effective at computer science education, however, it is still unknown whether the effectiveness of these games is the same regardless of their format, face-to-face or online. Moreover, the usage of games created through authoring tools has barely been explored. Research Questions: Are teacher-authored educational video games effective in terms of learning and motivation for computer science students? Does the effectiveness of teacher-authored educational video games depend on whether they are used in a face-to-face or online format? Methodology: A quasi-experiment has been conducted by using three instruments (pre-test, post-test, and questionnaire) with the purpose of comparing the effectiveness of game-based learning in face-to-face and online formats. A total of 321 computer science students played a teacher-authored educational video game aimed to learn about software design. Findings: The results reveal that teacher-authored educational video games are highly effective in terms of knowledge acquisition and motivation both in face-to-face and online formats. The results also show that some students' perceptions were more positive when a face-to-face format was used.

Karan Shah, Julie Butler, Alexis Knaub et al.

It is becoming increasingly important that physics educators equip their students with the skills to work with data effectively. However, many educators may lack the necessary training and expertise in data science to teach these skills. To address this gap, we created the Data Science Education Community of Practice (DSECOP), bringing together graduate students and physics educators from different institutions and backgrounds to share best practices and lessons learned from integrating data science into undergraduate physics education. In this article we present insights and experiences from this community of practice, highlighting key strategies and challenges in incorporating data science into the introductory physics curriculum. Our goal is to provide guidance and inspiration to educators who seek to integrate data science into their teaching, helping to prepare the next generation of physicists for a data-driven world.

Susanna Barsotti, Barbara De Serio, Chiara Lepri et al.

La biblioteca escolar en Italia se define, de acuerdo con las directrices elaboradas por la IFLA (Federación Internacional de Asociaciones e Instituciones Bibliotecarias), como un entorno educativo donde se fomenta la práctica de la lectura en todas sus formas, a pesar de que la noción de “biblioteca escolar” sugiera una finalidad más concreta y limitada. Motivados por el concepto de “patrimonio histórico-educativo”, que constituye la esencia misma del SIPSE, realizamos un censo del patrimonio bibliográfico existente en las bibliotecas escolares de todos los niveles en toda Italia a partir de colecciones locales específicas y significativas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el trabajo realizado y los resultados obtenidos hasta el momento

Leonid I. Gurvits

Space Very Long Baseline Interferometry is a radio astronomy technique distinguished by a record-high angular resolution reaching single-digit microseconds of arc. The paper provides a brief account of the history of developments of this technique over the period 1960s-2020s.

Valdemar Švábenský, Jan Vykopal, Pavel Čeleda et al.

Cybersecurity professionals need hands-on training to prepare for managing the current advanced cyber threats. To practice cybersecurity skills, training participants use numerous software tools in computer-supported interactive learning environments to perform offensive or defensive actions. The interaction involves typing commands, communicating over the network, and engaging with the training environment. The training artifacts (data resulting from this interaction) can be highly beneficial in educational research. For example, in cybersecurity education, they provide insights into the trainees' learning processes and support effective learning interventions. However, this research area is not yet well-understood. Therefore, this paper surveys publications that enhance cybersecurity education by leveraging trainee-generated data from interactive learning environments. We identified and examined 3021 papers, ultimately selecting 35 articles for a detailed review. First, we investigated which data are employed in which areas of cybersecurity training, how, and why. Second, we examined the applications and impact of research in this area, and third, we explored the community of researchers. Our contribution is a systematic literature review of relevant papers and their categorization according to the collected data, analysis methods, and application contexts. These results provide researchers, developers, and educators with an original perspective on this emerging topic. To motivate further research, we identify trends and gaps, propose ideas for future work, and present practical recommendations. Overall, this paper provides in-depth insight into the recently growing research on collecting and analyzing data from hands-on training in security contexts.

T. Falkenberg, Jon Young

M. Bai, W. A. Barletta, D. L. Bruhwiler et al.

We summarize the community-based consensus for improvements concerning education, public outreach, and inclusion in Accelerator Science and Engineering that will enhance the workforce in the USA. The improvements identified reflect the product of discussions held within the 2021-2022 Snowmass community planning process by topical group AF1: Beam Physics and Accelerator Education within the Accelerator Frontier. Although the Snowmass process centers on high-energy physics, this document outlines required improvements for the entire U.S. accelerator science and engineering enterprise because education of those entering and in the field, outreach to the public, and inclusion are inextricably linked.

J. Brubacher

MOHAMMAD SAEED GHARAATI JAHROMI, MITRA AMINI, MAHSA MOOSAVI et al.

Introduction: Bedside teaching plays a crucial role in acquiring essential clinical skills. Therefore, the main aim of this study is assessing the validity and reliability of the Persian version of German bedside teaching (BST) instrument. This instrument was specially developed for evaluation of bedside teaching.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 last year medical students, using convenience sampling. The Persian version of the bedside teaching (BST) was used for datagathering. To calculate the reliability of the questions, Cronbach’s alpha was used and to determine the construct validity of the questionnaire, confirmatory factor analysis was used. All analyseswere performed in LISREL 10 and SPSS 21 software.Results: Cronbach’s alpha indicated excellent reliability for each subscale (α=0.77–0.85). All of the value of the questions are more than a significant number of 1.96 and concluded to be significant. There was an acceptable fit between the hypothetical model and the data and all comparative fit indices (CFI, NFI, RFI, IFI) showed good model fitness. BST is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of clinical teaching at bedside. It has 18 items with 5 point Likert scales.Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Persian version of the BST questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for the evaluation of teachers and providing feedback in a clinical setting. However,more studies should be conducted in other cities in Iran.

Doaa Abouelmagd, Hager Mohamed Abdelrahman Ahmed

Many architecture schools do not apply experimental learning in teaching theoretical courses like the history of architecture courses. There is a gap between what the students learn in theoretical courses like architectural styles in history courses and design practices. History classes are taught with a teacher-oriented approach, where students miss active and experimental learning. As a result, in the Egyptian urban setting, we find buildings designed using architectural styles, mostly Classical designs, without respecting the technical, aesthetic, and human factors. Furthermore, nowadays, the Egyptian government is very active in constructing the new Administrative Capital of Egypt. The new city is located 45 kilometers East of Cairo, and it is planned to be Egypt's new business and financial center. The new Downtown of the new capital city, or "The new Garden City," is planned to reassemble Khedival Cairo's peculiar value buildings with the renaissance, neo-classic, eclectic, and neo-baroque styles. As architectural education cannot be separated from current architectural practices, this paper introduces the research project results in the course "History of Architecture-level two." The course was taught in the first semester of the academic year (2018-19) in Fine arts, Cairo, Helwan University, Egypt. The students were asked to select a heritage building with a peculiar value from Khedival Cairo, analyze it with the seven principles of design, and propose a design for a building's facades in the new Capital city Downtown.This paper aims to introduce the results of the students' work, analyzing their designs, and the effect of experimental learning in developing their intellectual skills. The paper includes the results of a designed questioner answered by the students to evaluate the research project and the link between the history of architecture, heritage, and architecture design. The paper shows the importance of applying experimental learning and linking theoretical and practical courses for achieving better architecture practice.

Mazur Hubert

Poszczególne inicjatywy archiwów składające się na ich ofertę edukacyjną, aby cieszyły się zainteresowaniem i wysoką frekwencją, powinny być właściwie promowane wśród społeczeństwa. Nie ma wątpliwości, że do głównych odbiorców takiej aktywności należą szkoły, przede wszystkim w kontekście edukacji historycznej. Kluczowym zatem wydaje się pytanie, w jaki sposób polskie archiwa informują nauczycieli o swojej ofercie edukacyjnej i zachęcają do korzystania z niej. Zbadania wymaga problem uwzględniania archiwów jako instytucji o charakterze edukacyjnym w uniwersyteckim kształceniu nauczycieli historii. Przede wszystkim należy zastanowić się, w jaki sposób informacje o działaniach edukacyjnych archiwów trafiają do szkół. Wydaje się, że archiwa wykazują się tutaj znaczącą biernością, poprzestając na publikowaniu wiadomości o jednostkowych wydarzeniach (np. wystawach, konkursach itp.) na własnych stronach internetowych. Niekiedy informacje te mają charakter bardziej systemowy – na witrynie archiwum znajduje się zakładka na temat oferty edukacyjnej, w której są zamieszczane np. scenariusze lekcji czy materiały dla nauczyciela. Niektóre placówki są w tym obszarze bardziej proaktywne, np. poprzez warsztaty czy publikacje adresowane do nauczycieli, których celem jest zachęcanie pedagogów do nawiązywania kontaktów z archiwami. Niekiedy przedsięwzięcia te organizowane są wspólnie z ośrodkami metodycznymi i kuratoriami oświaty. Warto zatem przyjrzeć się także współpracy archiwów z wymienionymi podmiotami. Duże znaczenie mają też prywatne, rodzinne i towarzyskie kontakty pomiędzy archiwistami i nauczycielami – te wydają się być najistotniejsze w promowaniu działań edukacyjnych archiwów.

Karima Gomaa

يقع هذا البحث في مجال العلاقة بين الشعر والسرد، متخذاً من النتاج الشعري للشاعر الأندلسي   (ابن الحداد) المتوفي سنة 480 هــ موضوعاً له، بهدف التعرف على أحد أهم ملامح البنية السردية ألا وهي الشخصيَّة ، بوصفها العمود الفقري لأيِّ عملٍ سردي، دون الفصل بينها وبين مكونات السردية التي تضمنها الديوان، سواء أكانت ذاتية أم واقعية أم تراثية، والتوصل إلي الآليات والتقنيات المتبعة في تقديمها بشقيها الذاتي والغيري,وتتبع المركبات بنية الشخصيَّة  في الديوان وتشكلاتها الموجودة فيه, والتوصل إلى فهم الدور الذي تؤديه بنية الشخصيَّة  في بنية الديوان,والتوصل إلى الآليات التي تساعد على الكشف عن بنية الشخصيَّة  في الديوان، سواء أكانت متصلة بأنواع الشخصيَّة  أم بطرق تقديمها وبنيتها.