Hasil untuk "History of Oceania (South Seas)"

«This work highlights the need for a holistic approach to the confounding issues confronting the region, confronting our age. In reminding us of the many vulnerabilities and vitalities of Oceanian communities and island worlds, it shows the potential for dialogue between disciplines and consilience between academic scholarship and local community understandings. The collection’s clarion call for a new ‘ecosystem of knowledge’ is utterly timely.» (Alexander Mawyer, Director, Center for Pacific Islands Studies, University of Hawai‘i) «This work breaks the barriers imposed by language and distinctive intellectual traditions in presenting a wide-ranging selection of current work from the South Pacific in the humanities, social and natural sciences. Of particular significance is the fact that Francophone as well as Anglophone scholars are represented. This gathering of minds, a meritorious initiative of the University of French Polynesia, is an invitation to ‘think the Pacific’ in the vein of pioneer Oceanian intellectuals like Epeli Hau’ofa and Jean-Marie Tjibaou.» (Eric Waddell, Adjunct Professor, Université Laval, and Chercheur invité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Nouméa) This work, an initiative of the University of French Polynesia, Tahiti, showcases research collaboration between small island universities in the Pacific. It addresses a number of «big issues» for Oceania which are also big issues for the world, concerning the biosphere and human society, sustainable development and well-being. The authors seek to create an ecosystem of knowledge through a dialogue, in English and French, between the natural sciences, the social sciences and the humanities. The work also brings into perspective academic and traditional knowledge, with a view to enhancing cultural and agricultural practices and the development of public policy. Climate change, environmental degradation and food security are key questions for survival. How can the preservation of cultural heritage, the transmission of native languages and the integration of traditional knowledge into formal education contribute to a harmonious future? How is the phenomenon of violence relevant to an understanding of history, interpersonal relations and social inclusiveness, including for women in the political sphere? The Tongan-Fijian writer Epeli Hau’ofa described Oceania imaginatively as a «Sea of Islands». This volume sees Pacific islands as being interconnected in ways beyond imagining, in which nowhere is remote, where the peripheral has become a decentred centre.

R. Currie

Nicholas Halter remarks in his introduction that, curiously, there has previously existed no comprehensive history of Australian travel writing on the Pacific Islands. His book admirably fills that gap with an examination of 130 accounts (including the images they contained) from the 1880s until 1941. Most were published, but he has also located manuscript travelogues filed away in the archives. The authors range from well-known writers such as Beatrice Grimshaw and Wilfred Burchett to little known ones, including a violinist, a painter, a stockbroker, and a meteorologist, as well as mariners, journalists, and traders. All but fifteen were male, most were relatively young and generally middle class and, it seems, all were heterosexual. The organisation of his chapters around themes—the shipboard experience, Polynesia, Melanesia, commercial interests, issues of health and disease, among others—is complemented by an appendix that provides useful capsule biographies of each writer and diarist (though the book has no index). Titles such as A Winter Holiday in Fiji, Diary of a Trip to the South Sea Islands, A Cruise among Former Cannibal Islands, Glimpses of the New Hebrides, and several bearing the word ‘notes’ testify to the strong desire of travellers, with or without literary pretensions, to describe places they visited and experiences they had. Halter is careful to emphasise that writers each had their own voice, but he makes persuasive collective observations. Most of the writers relied on predictable tropes about the paradise or paradise lost of the Polynesian islands and the ‘savagery’ of the Melanesian islands. Racialist perspectives and indulgence in exoticism characterise almost every work, though several authors spoke out against the exactions of colonialism and Westernisation. Halter discerns different phases in Australian connections with Oceania. The 1880s saw concern about French and German expansion. In one particularly strong chapter, he shows how Australians were fearful of French convicts in New Caledonia. Yet after the end of transportation there in the 1890s, New Caledonia beckoned as an attractive tourist site and the freed convicts and disused penal building were added attractions. Australians remained preoccupied about French designs in the New Hebrides, while some hoped for Australian annexation of that archipelago and of British-colonised Fiji as well. From the 1880s onwards, easier steamship journeys led to increased travel and publications, matched by keen awareness of Australian political and economic stakes in the South Pacific. Interest ran high in the 1920s and 1930s, when travel writing on the Pacific reached its greatest

Steve Brown

Bellwood, P. 2017 First Islanders. Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. Cochrane, E.E. and T.L. Hunt 2018 The archaeology of prehistoric Oceania. In E.E. Cochrane and T.L. Hunt (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania, pp.1–29. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Erlandson, J.M. 2008 Isolation, interaction, and island archaeology. The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 3(1): 83–86. Flannery, T. 1995 Mammals of the South-West Pacific and Moluccan Islands. Sydney: Reed. Flannery, T., P. Bellwood, J.P. White, T. Ennis, G. Irwin, K. Schubert and S. Balasubramanian 1998 Mammals from Holocene archaeological deposits on Gebe and Morotai Islands, Northern Moluccas, Indonesia. Australian Mammalogy 20(3):391–400. Hauʻofa, E. 1993 Our sea of islands. In V. Naidu, E. Waddell and E. Hauʻofa (eds), A New Oceania–Rediscovering Our Sea of Islands, pp.3–17. Suva: Beake House. Hunt, T.L. and M.W. Graves 1991 Methodological issues of exchange in Oceanic prehistory. Asian Perspectives 29(2): 105–107. Irwin, G. 1992 The Prehistoric Exploration and Colonisation of the Pacific. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kirch, P.V. 2017 On the Road of the Winds: An Archaeological History of the Pacific Islands before European Contact. 2nd ed. Berkeley: University of California Press. Simpson, D.F. Jr., 2015 Un arbol de 50.000 a~ nos: La colonizaci on prehist orica del Pac ıfico. Correo Del Moai 40:12–13. Szab o, K., A. Brumm and P. Bellwood 2007 Shell artefact production at 32,000 BP in Island Southeast Asia: Thinking across media? Current Anthropology 48(5):701–724. Terrell, J.E. 1986 Prehistory in the Pacific Islands. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Weisler, M.I. (ed) 1997 Prehistoric Long-Distance Interaction in Oceania: An Interdisciplinary Approach. Monograph 21. Auckland: New Zealand Archaeological Association.

T. Wheeler

A. Goudie

Inez Baranay

A personal essay by a novelist in response to the theme of borders and belongings, which sparks thoughts about what belonging is, a life-long sense of outsiderness and its gifts, the pernicious appeal of national identity, and the useful and valuable notion of Transcultural, where non-belongers can belong.

R. McFarlane

Bill Boyd

Universities are at a time of change. Their social, political and economic conditions are under challenge, while technological change challenges curriculum design and implementation, requiring reconsiderations of teaching and learning practices. In this context, and as part of the conference session on Higher education in 2014: threshold, watershed or business as usual?, I reviewed an approach I have been trialing to supporting early- and mid-career academics to navigate through this changing environment. This paper presents an illustrated essay on a human-scale approach to early- and mid-career mentoring through the establishment of small team-based research and writing projects. The essay provides examples of activities that, on the one hand, assist academics to develop the tools they need to navigate the new and evolving environment of higher education, while on the other hand directly addresses key pedagogical issues and provides new insight into teaching and learning in higher education.

R. Buschmann, E. Slack, James B. Tueller

J. Galipaud, D. Guillaud, Anne Casile

Kristina Everett, Trudy Ambler

This paper is an introduction to a new model for inclusive practice in education. It sprang from a 2010 Learning and Teaching Fellowship which called for strategies to address the under representation of Indigenous and other low Socio Economic Status groups in higher education in Australia. We have since realised that it can be adapted and developed in a wide range of other contexts and could be relevant in many other countries. A monograph publication

Francesc Llauradó

This is a power point presentation.

Penny Farfan, L. Ferris

Tianyu Chen, R. Stumpf, M. Frank et al.

Rob Garbutt, Moya Costello

Our paper focuses on the materiality, cultural history and cultural relations of selected artworks in the exhibition Wood for the trees (Lismore Regional Gallery, New South Wales, Australia, 10 June – 17 July 2011). The title of the exhibition, intentionally misreading the aphorism “Can’t see the wood for the trees”, by reading the wood for the resource rather than the collective wood[s], implies conservation, preservation, and the need for sustaining the originating resource. These ideas have particular resonance on the NSW far north coast, a region once rich in rainforest. While the Indigenous population had sustainable practices of forest and land management, the colonists deployed felling and harvesting in order to convert the value of the local, abundant rainforest trees into high-value timber. By the late twentieth century, however, a new wave of settlers launched a protest movements against the proposed logging of remnant rainforest at Terania Creek and elsewhere in the region. Wood for the trees, curated by Gallery Director Brett Adlington, plays on this dynamic relationship between wood, trees and people. We discuss the way selected artworks give expression to the themes or concepts of productive labour, nature and culture, conservation and sustainability, and memory. The artworks include Watjinbuy Marrawilil’s (1980) Carved ancestral figure ceremonial pole, Elizabeth Stops’ (2009/10) Explorations into colonisation, Hossein Valamanesh’s (2008) Memory stick, and AñA Wojak’s (2008) Unread book (in a forgotten language). Our art writing on the works, a practice informed by Bal (2002), Muecke (2008) and Papastergiadis (2004), becomes a conversation between the works and the themes or concepts. As a form of material excess of the most productive kind (Grosz, 2008, p. 7), art seeds a response to that which is in the air waiting to be said of the past, present and future.

Bill Boyd, Ray Norman

This special issue of the journal Coolabah comprises contributed papers that examine the relationships between place, placescape and landscape – Australian places and imaginings. Australian perspectives of place and cultural production unavoidably confront issues of identity simultaneously from antipodean and elsewhere vantage points.

Bill Boyd

The development of a rural coal seam gas industry in regional Australia, together with its key technology, fracking, has been met by a very active, lively and vocal social protest movement. This 2013 Tricontinental Lecture in Postcolonial Studies reflects on this protest movement from two perspectives. First, it examines what a postcolonial studies perspective may bring to further understanding the relationships and dynamics between the industry and the protest movement. Secondly, it considers what postcolonial scholars themselves may be able to bring to critiques of social issues such as this environmental contention. The example described in this lecture also reminds us that postcolonial studies concerns more than the three continents of the Tricontinent, Latin America, Africa and Asia, and that it is centrally concerned with access to environmental resources. Building on the history of the 1966 Tricontinental Conference in Havana, and the growth of postcolonial political philosophy and studies that focus on power, equity and access in postcolonial societies, this essay considers the power differentials between industry and government on the one hand, and the protest movement on the other. By examining the role of language and its control, a key social process in the wielding of power, it is shown that the coal seam gas development debate is couched in terms of industrial or governmental language, and not in the language of the community. This has three important consequences. First, opponents are forced to express concerns about technical matters or scientific matters, thus legitimising the proposed activity. Secondly, opponents are not authorised, within the formal sphere, to express their own feelings through their language of social anxiety, of love of the country, of being in the community, of history. Thirdly, both sides find themselves in a typical cross-cultural dilemma: either speak an inadequate form of language that the other party understands but that does not actually express what you mean, or speak your own language and risk the other party not understanding what you mean. Copyright © Bill Boyd 2013. This text may be archived and redistributed both in electronic form and in hard copy, provided that the author and journal are properly cited and no fee is charged. Coolabah, No.12, 2013, ISSN 1988-5946, Observatori: Centre d’Estudis Australians, Australian Studies Centre, Universitat de Barcelona 2 From a postcolonial studies perspective, this example reminds students of two key processes. First, students need to master the intellectual skills of the humanities in order to provide critical analysis of social situations. Secondly, students need to know that, as western scholars, they are as much part of any postcolonial problem as those in power, and therefore need to develop good reflective skills and to learn to think ‘otherwise’. This invited monograph is the text of the lecture, supplemented with further comments and illustrations, delivered to second year Humanities students at the University of Barcelona, Catalonia, on Monday 8th April 2013

Adrian Caesar

Susan Ballyn

Anybody who met Bruce would remark on his open frank smile which captivated both the person he met, the audiences he spoke to and which was, the hallmark of his openmindedness and generosity towards others. I will eventually get to the “exploding perculators”, but first I would like to back track to when I first met Bruce.

Sissy Helff, Sanghamitra Dalal

This article traces the representation of love, gender and national identity in Shani Mootoo’s creative work in general and her most recent novel Valmiki’s Daughter (2008) in particular. In all her work, Mootoo describes the phenomenon of otherness as a part of the negotiating process of the protagonists' selves.Challenging xenophobia, homophobia and all forms of prejudices the author works with the concept of lesbian and bisexual love, cross-racial relationships in order to write identity and to create a home.