Hasil untuk "Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc."

Jan Stradomski

The complete Slavic cycle of miracles of St Menas, consisting of a prologue and 13 miracles, is based on the edition of the Great Reader Mineia of the Moscow Metropolitan Makary. The text largely corresponds to the Greek version from Ivan Pomyalovsky's 1900 edition, making it a valuable resource for understanding the Greek tradition as well. The Slavic text has been compared with other manuscripts containing the full cycle of miracles and following the same translation (B).

Jan Witold Żelazny, Dariusz Antoni Kasprzak

Artykuł koncentruje się na znaczeniu pójścia za Chrystusem oraz naśladowaniu Go w kontekście wschodniego monastycyzmu patrystycznego. Autorzy, tacy jak Afrahat, Antoni Wielki, Barsanufiusz, Jan Prorok i Józef Widzący, przedstawiają różnorodne podejścia do tego tematu, które nie zostały dotąd syntetycznie opracowane w języku polskim. Wydaje się, że nowotestamentalny motyw pójścia (ἀκολουϑεῖν) za Jezusem traci swoją autonomię i pierwotne znaczenie, a czasami wręcz wydaje się zanikać w myśli ascetycznej wschodniego monastycyzmu okresu patrystycznego. Mnisi są ostrożni w mówieniu, że idą za Tym, który obecnie przebywa w chwale, a z którym identyfikują się przecież jako chrześcijanie. Bardziej znaczącym elementem upodabniania się do Jezus jest dla nich asceza i życie według cnót, będących duchowym i moralnym odzwierciedleniem (μιμεῖσϑαι) upodobnienia się mnicha do Chrystusa. Motyw upodobnienie się do Chrystusa w monastycyzmie wschodnim nie jest zatem ujednolicony antropologicznie, nie tworzy też do VIII w. w teologii wschodniej jakiegokolwiek ujęcia paradygmatycznego dla teologii moralnej czy duchowości chrześcijańskiej.

Jan Witold Żelazny

W dniach 20-21 listopada odbyło się cykliczne spotkanie badaczy spuścizny aramejskiej w Paryżu organizowane przez Societe des Etudes syriques. Było poświęcone Bibliotekom Syryjskim

Vidya Venkatesan, Aomawa L. Shields, Russell Deitrick et al.

Eccentric planets may spend a significant portion of their orbits at large distances from their host stars, where low temperatures can cause atmospheric CO2 to condense out onto the surface, similar to the polar ice caps on Mars. The radiative effects on the climates of these planets throughout their orbits would depend on the wavelength-dependent albedo of surface CO2 ice that may accumulate at or near apoastron and vary according to the spectral energy distribution of the host star. To explore these possible effects, we incorporated a CO2 ice-albedo parameterization into a one-dimensional energy balance climate model. With the inclusion of this parameterization, our simulations demonstrated that F-dwarf planets require 29% more orbit-averaged flux to thaw out of global water ice cover compared with simulations that solely use a traditional pure water ice-albedo parameterization. When no eccentricity is assumed, and host stars are varied, F-dwarf planets with higher bond albedos relative to their M-dwarf planet counterparts require 30% more orbit-averaged flux to exit a water snowball state. Additionally, the intense heat experienced at periastron aids eccentric planets in exiting a snowball state with a smaller increase in instellation compared with planets on circular orbits; this enables eccentric planets to exhibit warmer conditions along a broad range of instellation. This study emphasizes the significance of incorporating an albedo parameterization for the formation of CO2 ice into climate models to accurately assess the habitability of eccentric planets, as we show that, even at moderate eccentricities, planets with Earth-like atmospheres can reach surface temperatures cold enough for the condensation of CO2 onto their surfaces, as can planets receiving low amounts of instellation on circular orbits.

Andrii Voshchepynets, Oleksiy Agapitov, Lynn Wilson et al.

We present the results of processing the effects of the powerful Gamma Ray Burst GRB221009A captured by the charged particle detectors (electrostatic analyzers and solid-state detectors) onboard spacecraft at different points in the heliosphere on October 9, 2022. To follow the GRB221009A propagation through the heliosphere we used the electron and proton flux measurements from solar missions Solar Orbiter and STEREO-A; Earth magnetosphere and the solar wind missions THEMIS and Wind; meteorological satellites POES15, POES19, MetOp3; and MAVEN - a NASA mission orbiting Mars. GRB221009A had a structure of four bursts: less intense Pulse 1 - the triggering impulse - was detected by gamma-ray observatories at 131659 UT (near the Earth); the most intense Pulses 2 and 3 were detected on board all the spacecraft from the list, and Pulse 4 detected in more than 500 s after Pulse 1. Due to their different scientific objectives, the spacecraft, which data was used in this study, were separated by more than 1 AU (Solar Orbiter and MAVEN). This enabled tracking GRB221009A as it was propagating across the heliosphere. STEREO-A was the first to register Pulse 2 and 3 of the GRB, almost 100 seconds before their detection by spacecraft in the vicinity of Earth. MAVEN detected GRB221009A Pulses 2, 3, and 4 at the orbit of Mars about 237 seconds after their detection near Earth. By processing the time delays observed we show that the source location of the GRB221009A was at RA 288.5 degrees, Dec 18.5 degrees (J2000) with an error cone of 2 degrees

David A. Tovar

The process of conducting literature reviews is often time-consuming and labor-intensive. To streamline this process, I present an AI Literature Review Suite that integrates several functionalities to provide a comprehensive literature review. This tool leverages the power of open access science, large language models (LLMs) and natural language processing to enable the searching, downloading, and organizing of PDF files, as well as extracting content from articles. Semantic search queries are used for data retrieval, while text embeddings and summarization using LLMs present succinct literature reviews. Interaction with PDFs is enhanced through a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI). The suite also features integrated programs for bibliographic organization, interaction and query, and literature review summaries. This tool presents a robust solution to automate and optimize the process of literature review in academic and industrial research.

Benedetto Neola

With my article, I try to show how the Neoplatonist Hermias of Alexandria (c. 410-455 AD) elaborated on Plato’s arguments on the immortality of the human soul in order to forge a coherent psychological and ontological system which is in tune with a precise ethics of salvation. In the final Appendix, I propose that these doctrines of the soul were not just erudite theories but turned out to be an actual and effective tool for coping with the threatening moments of the everyday life (notably for coping with the loss of the beloved ones and for facing death).

Alejandro Gangui

The Jesuit missions in South America were an important and unique advance in Christian evangelisation on the continent until the expulsion of the Order in 1767. Although the history and cultural aspects of these missions and their most iconic buildings have been extensively studied, the archaeoastronomy of the Guaraní peoples of the Province of Paraquaria (Province of Paraguay) has only been recently considered, with the existing studies focusing primarily on the orientation of their churches. The paper presented here, which is the first archaeoastronomical study of the Jesuit missions of Chiquitos in eastern Bolivia, is an attempt to continue and complement the previous archaeoastronomical studies of the region. The methodologies employed involved the analysis of the Jesuit churches that currently exist in this region, namely, the on-site measurements of the orientations of eight churches currently standing and the ruins of a ninth church of which only a free-standing bell tower and parts of the side walls remain preserved. The orientation measurements of a tenth church, which we were unable to visit, were determined via the use of satellite maps. The landscape surrounding these churches was then examined in detail and furthermore, a detailed cultural and historical study of the characteristics of the villages where the churches are located was carried out. Our results show that, unlike the churches of the Province of Paraquaria where meridian orientations in the north-south direction stand out, half of the studied churches have shown potential canonical orientations that seem to be aligned to solar phenomena, with three exhibiting precise equinoctial orientation. We propose reasons for these orientations, including the possible relevance of illumination effects on significant internal elements within the churches - effects that were generally sought in Baroque church architecture.

Mubin Ul Haque, Isuru Dharmadasa, Zarrin Tasnim Sworna et al.

Large language models have recently attracted significant attention due to their impressive performance on a variety of tasks. ChatGPT developed by OpenAI is one such implementation of a large, pre-trained language model that has gained immense popularity among early adopters, where certain users go to the extent of characterizing it as a disruptive technology in many domains. Understanding such early adopters' sentiments is important because it can provide insights into the potential success or failure of the technology, as well as its strengths and weaknesses. In this paper, we conduct a mixed-method study using 10,732 tweets from early ChatGPT users. We first use topic modelling to identify the main topics and then perform an in-depth qualitative sentiment analysis of each topic. Our results show that the majority of the early adopters have expressed overwhelmingly positive sentiments related to topics such as Disruptions to software development, Entertainment and exercising creativity. Only a limited percentage of users expressed concerns about issues such as the potential for misuse of ChatGPT, especially regarding topics such as Impact on educational aspects. We discuss these findings by providing specific examples for each topic and then detail implications related to addressing these concerns for both researchers and users.

Luiz G. Véras, Anna K. F. Gomes, Guilherme A. R. Dominguez et al.

Countless traffic accidents often occur because of the inattention of the drivers. Many factors can contribute to distractions while driving, since objects or events to physiological conditions, as drowsiness and fatigue, do not allow the driver to stay attentive. The technological progress allowed the development and application of many solutions to detect the attention in real situations, promoting the interest of the scientific community in these last years. Commonly, these solutions identify the lack of attention and alert the driver, in order to help her/him to recover the attention, avoiding serious accidents and preserving lives. Our work presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of the methods and criteria used to detect attention of drivers at the wheel, focusing on those methods based on images. As results, 50 studies were selected from the literature on drivers' attention detection, in which 22 contain solutions in the desired context. The results of SLR can be used as a resource in the preparation of new research projects in drivers' attention detection.

Leon Nieścior

Słowa skierowane do Jezusa przez Maryję w Kanie znajdują stosunkowo skromne echo w starożytności. Egzegeza patrystyczna J 2,3 jest podporządkowana historiozbawczemu myśleniu, w którym brak wina na uczcie weselnej jest obrazem wielorakiej niemocy natury ludzkiej i żydowskiego Prawa w odrodzeniu człowieka. Cudownie uczynione przez Chrystusa wino jest symbolem Jego łaski, która wyprowadza człowieka z tego stanu. Ojcowie spekulują nad szczegółami związanymi z godami w Kanie, a zwłaszcza nad alegorycznym znaczeniem sześciu stągwi. Otwierają pole liczniejszym spekulacjom średniowiecznym na ten temat. Wiodącą rolę w interpretacji duchowej zajmuje Maksym Wyznawca, który dokonuje obszernego objaśnienia symboliki związanej z relacją J 2,1-11 w aspekcie historiozbawczym i moralno-ascetycznym. Ojcowie na ogół nie zatrzymują się nad postawą samej Maryi, która wstawia się do Syna za gospodarzami uczty. Dopiero Jan Chryzostom, na gruncie egzegezy antiocheńskiej, snuje ściśle maryjną refleksję. Zastanawia się nad kształtowaniem się wiary Maryi w cudotwórczą i boską moc Syna, która doprowadziła ją do tak subtelnej prośby. Wątek rozwijany przez Chryzostoma znajduje echo u późniejszych pisarzy, a zwłaszcza w hymnach Romana Melodosa. Chociaż Ojcowie Kościoła chętnie interpretują w sposób alegoryczny niektóre szczegóły związane z weselem w Kanie, np. w braku wina dostrzegają całą niedolę nieodkupionej jeszcze ludzkości. Tymczasem prezentując rolę Maryi w całym zdarzeniu, w zasadzie nie wychodzą poza sens dosłowny.

Nick Huggett, Christian Wuthrich

This is a chapter of the planned monograph "Out of Nowhere: The Emergence of Spacetime in Quantum Theories of Gravity", co-authored by Nick Huggett and Christian Wüthrich and under contract with Oxford University Press. (More information at https://beyondspacetime.net/.) This chapter introduces the problem of emergence of spacetime in quantum gravity. It introduces the main philosophical challenge to spacetime emergence and sketches our preferred solution to it.

Michael Beeson

By INF we mean Quine's NF set theory, with intuitionistic logic. We define the Church numerals (or better, Church numbers) and elaborate their properties in INF. The Church counting axiom says that iterating successor $n$ times, starting at zero, results in $n$. With the aid of the counting axiom we prove that the set of Church numbers is infinite. This is a new result even with classical logic; that is, just because there is some infinite set, it is not immediate that the set of Church numbers is infinite. Specker showed in 1953 that classical NF proves the existence of an infinite set. It has long been an open problem whether INF can prove that. Now we show that it can be done intuitionistically, with the aid of the Church counting axiom. We also prove, without the aid of the counting axiom, that if the set of Church numbers is not finite, then it is infinite, and Church successor is one-to-one. Consequently, Heyting's arithmetic is interpretable in INF plus the Church counting axiom.

A. C. Umuhire, J. Uwamahoro, K. Sasikumar Raja et al.

Solar radio type II bursts serve as early indicators of incoming geo-effective space weather events such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In order to investigate the origin of high-frequency type II bursts (HF type II bursts), we have identified 51 of them (among 180 type II bursts from SWPC reports) that are observed by ground-based Compound Astronomical Low-cost Low-frequency Instrument for Spectroscopy and Transportable Observatory (CALLISTO) spectrometers and whose upper-frequency cutoff (of either fundamental or harmonic emission) lies in between 150 MHz-450 MHz during 2010-2019. We found that 60% of HF type II bursts, whose upper-frequency cutoff $\geq$ 300 MHz originate from the western longitudes. Further, our study finds a good correlation $\sim $ 0.73 between the average shock speed derived from the radio dynamic spectra and the corresponding speed from CME data. Also, we found that analyzed HF type II bursts are associated with wide and fast CMEs located near the solar disk. In addition, we have analyzed the spatio-temporal characteristics of two of these high-frequency type II bursts and compared the derived from radio observations with those derived from multi-spacecraft CME observations from SOHO/LASCO and STEREO coronagraphs.

Adrian Di Paolo, Alejandro Gangui

In this paper we discuss the importance of studying the orientation of ancient Christian churches, as a complement to the historical and cultural research of the temples. We present preliminary results of the analysis of the precise spatial orientation of 38 colonial churches located on the Canary Island of La Gomera (Spain). The sample suggests that, although several churches have a canonical orientation within the solar range, a large proportion of them follow a pattern of orientations that is compatible with the steep orography of the island and, therefore, contrasts with the prescriptions contained in the texts of the early Christian writers.

Christian Wüthrich, Nick Huggett

This is a chapter of the planned monograph "Out of Nowhere: The Emergence of Spacetime in Quantum Theories of Gravity", co-authored by Nick Huggett and Christian Wüthrich and under contract with Oxford University Press. (More information at www.beyondspacetime.net.) This chapter introduces causal set theory and identifies and articulates a 'problem of space' in this theory.

Christian Wüthrich, Nick Huggett

This is a chapter of the planned monograph "Out of Nowhere: The Emergence of Spacetime in Quantum Theories of Gravity", co-authored by Nick Huggett and Christian Wüthrich and under contract with Oxford University Press. (More information at www.beyondspacetime.net.) This chapter sketches how spacetime emerges in causal set theory and demonstrates how this question is deeply entangled with genuinely philosophical concerns.

Nick Huggett, Christian Wüthrich

This is a chapter of the planned monograph "Out of Nowhere: The Emergence of Spacetime in Quantum Theories of Gravity", co-authored by Nick Huggett and Christian Wüthrich and under contract with Oxford University Press. (More information at www.beyondspacetime.net.) This chapter analyses the nature and derivation of spacetime topology and geometry according to string theory.

Nick Huggett, Christian Wüthrich

This is a chapter of the planned monograph "Out of Nowhere: The Emergence of Spacetime in Quantum Theories of Gravity", co-authored by Nick Huggett and Christian Wüthrich and under contract with Oxford University Press. (More information at www.beyondspacetime.net.) This chapter investigates the meaning and significance of string theoretic dualities, arguing that they reveal a surprising physical indeterminateness to spacetime.

Christian Schulz

Processing large complex networks recently attracted considerable interest. Complex graphs are useful in a wide range of applications from technological networks to biological systems like the human brain. Sometimes these networks are composed of billions of entities that give rise to emerging properties and structures. Analyzing these structures aids us in gaining new insights about our surroundings. As huge networks become abundant, there is a need for scalable algorithms to perform analysis. A prominent example is the PageRank algorithm, which is one of the measures used by web search engines such as Google to rank web pages displayed to the user. In order to find these patterns, massive amounts of data have to be acquired and processed. Designing and evaluating scalable graph algorithms to handle these data sets is a crucial task on the road to understanding the underlying systems. This habilitation thesis is a summary a broad spectrum of scalable graph algorithms that I developed over the last six years with many coauthors. In general, this research is based on four pillars: multilevel algorithms, practical kernelization, parallelization and memetic algorithms that are highly interconnected. Experiments conducted indicate that our algorithms find better solutions and/or are much more scalable than the previous state-of-the-art.