Hasil untuk "Christianity"

J. Comaroff, J. Comaroff

P. Brown

Johann Cigler

We study a bivariate variant of Hans-Christian Herbig's version of Norman Wildberger's spread polynomials.

Stefan Patrikis

Let $(G, X)$ be a Shimura datum. In previous work with Christian Klevdal, we showed that the canonical $G(\mathbb{Q}_{\ell})$-valued local systems on Shimura varieties for $G$ form compatible systems after projection to the adjoint group of $G$. In this note, we strengthen this result to prove compatibility for the $G(\mathbb{Q}_{\ell})$-local systems themselves. We also include the crystalline compatibility, extending the adjoint case established in our joint work Jake Huryn, Kiran Kedlaya, and Christian Klevdal.

Kazi Abrab Hossain, Jannatul Somiya Mahmud, Maria Hossain Tuli et al.

While recent developments in large language models have improved bias detection and classification, sensitive subjects like religion still present challenges because even minor errors can result in severe misunderstandings. In particular, multilingual models often misrepresent religions and have difficulties being accurate in religious contexts. To address this, we introduce BRAND: Bilingual Religious Accountable Norm Dataset, which focuses on the four main religions of South Asia: Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, and Islam, containing over 2,400 entries, and we used three different types of prompts in both English and Bengali. Our results indicate that models perform better in English than in Bengali and consistently display bias toward Islam, even when answering religion-neutral questions. These findings highlight persistent bias in multilingual models when similar questions are asked in different languages. We further connect our findings to the broader issues in HCI regarding religion and spirituality.

Alessandra Stramiglio, Andrea Schimmenti, Valentina Pasqual et al.

Text Implicitness has always been challenging in Natural Language Processing (NLP), with traditional methods relying on explicit statements to identify entities and their relationships. From the sentence "Zuhdi attends church every Sunday", the relationship between Zuhdi and Christianity is evident for a human reader, but it presents a challenge when it must be inferred automatically. Large language models (LLMs) have proven effective in NLP downstream tasks such as text comprehension and information extraction (IE). This study examines how textual implicitness affects IE tasks in pre-trained LLMs: LLaMA 2.3, DeepSeekV1, and Phi1.5. We generate two synthetic datasets of 10k implicit and explicit verbalization of biographic information to measure the impact on LLM performance and analyze whether fine-tuning implicit data improves their ability to generalize in implicit reasoning tasks. This research presents an experiment on the internal reasoning processes of LLMs in IE, particularly in dealing with implicit and explicit contexts. The results demonstrate that fine-tuning LLM models with LoRA (low-rank adaptation) improves their performance in extracting information from implicit texts, contributing to better model interpretability and reliability.

Raphael Tang, Xinyu Zhang, Jimmy Lin et al.

Do large language models (LLMs) exhibit sociodemographic biases, even when they decline to respond? To bypass their refusal to "speak," we study this research question by probing contextualized embeddings and exploring whether this bias is encoded in its latent representations. We propose a logistic Bradley-Terry probe which predicts word pair preferences of LLMs from the words' hidden vectors. We first validate our probe on three pair preference tasks and thirteen LLMs, where we outperform the word embedding association test (WEAT), a standard approach in testing for implicit association, by a relative 27% in error rate. We also find that word pair preferences are best represented in the middle layers. Next, we transfer probes trained on harmless tasks (e.g., pick the larger number) to controversial ones (compare ethnicities) to examine biases in nationality, politics, religion, and gender. We observe substantial bias for all target classes: for instance, the Mistral model implicitly prefers Europe to Africa, Christianity to Judaism, and left-wing to right-wing politics, despite declining to answer. This suggests that instruction fine-tuning does not necessarily debias contextualized embeddings. Our codebase is at https://github.com/castorini/biasprobe.

Mary Beth Ingham

This article emphasizes the particular contours that define the Franciscan theological paradigm as a distinct contribution to the discipline of Roman Catholic theology. Grounded in the lives of Francis and Clare of Assisi, the tradition unfolds as a Wisdom tradition, both christocentric and praxis-driven. A highly pastoral vision, Franciscan theology emphasizes the contingent particular (person and experience) and focuses on the dynamic of ongoing conversion in the life of the individual believer within the faith community. This article integrates major figures of the tradition within a thematic unfolding that frames the singularity of the Franciscan theological and pastoral paradigm, according to its trinitarian, christological, soteriological, ecclesiological, and sacramental aspects. Informed by wisdom texts, Franciscan theologians link salvation history to concrete human experience (praxis). Key crises surrounding Franciscan identity deepen the tradition, particularly the debates over poverty, divine foreknowledge, and human freedom. Apocalyptic visions of the fullest realization of the reign of God inform the deepening historical consciousness and ecclesiology of scholars throughout the tradition. Finally, the commitment to theology as a science of praxis (rather than theory) distinguishes this tradition from other major approaches (e.g. Thomistic) and finds significant echoes in contemporary theological reflection on creation, the incarnation, ecclesiology, and human fulfillment.

Piotr Roszak

In his commentary on the Letter to the Hebrews (cap. IV), St. Thomas considers the rest of God after the work of creation (see Gen 2:2), treating it not as a deistic withdrawal of the Creator, but a productive quiescence. According to the Biblical Thomism, God’s action is not something abstract for us, but constitutes the principle – exemplar – of Christian action. Therefore this paper will firstly present multiple senses of the rest (triplex requies) of created beings, then the correct understanding of God’s action during creatio continua, in order to reflect on what the Christian’s “restful” life consists in. St. Paul urged the disciples of Christ “to be restful” (ut quieti sitis, cf. 1 Thess 4:11). 

M. Donet

Richard D. Gill

I point out fatal mathematical errors in the paper "Quantum correlations are weaved by the spinors of the Euclidean primitives" by Joy Christian, published (2019) in the journal Royal Society Open Science.

María Salvadora Ramírez Jiménez, Emilia Serra Desfilis

Scientific research has provided theoretical evidence on the implementation of religious/spiritual interventions (RSI) as a complementary health therapy, where spiritual improvements are also a factor to consider. Despite the above, there are few studies that have evaluated the clinical applicability of these findings. This study was an intervention with older and younger adults divided into two treatment groups and one control group. What is expected is that the two treatment groups will score better than the control group; however, the group with a Christian spiritual focus is expected to perform better than the group without a spiritual focus. Measures of gratitude, meaning of life, forgiveness, spirituality, religiosity, and expected prejudice were recorded. The hypothesis is fulfilled that Christian spirituality enhances psychological interventions on factors associated with personal well-being, mainly in older adults: spirituality (<i>M</i> = 26.00, <i>SE</i> = 2.127/<i>M</i> = 29.38, <i>SE</i> = 1.953, t (12) = −2.436, <i>p</i> < 0.05, r = 0.58), goals (<i>M</i> = 22.92, <i>SE</i> = 1.022/<i>M</i> = 24.54, <i>SE</i> = 0.739, t (12) = −2.298, <i>p</i> < 0.05, r = 0.55), and benevolence (<i>M</i> = 17.31, <i>SE</i> = 1.554/<i>M</i> = 21.08, <i>SE</i> = 1.603, t (12) = −3.310, <i>p</i> < 0.05, r = 0.69). The most powerful results of the study are those associated with religiosity/spirituality.

Richard D. Gill

I point out critical errors in the paper "Dr. Bertlmann's Socks in a Quaternionic World of Ambidextral Reality" by Joy~Christian, published in IEEE Access. Christian's model does not generate the singlet correlations but in fact simply reproduces the Bertlmann effect. John Bell's friend and colleague Reinhold Bertlmann of CERN, in his younger days, always wore one pink and one blue sock, at random. The moment you saw his left foot, you knew what colour sock would be on his right foot. Action at a distance? As John Bell liked to explain, quantum entanglement cannot be explained away in such an easy way. Yet Christian's model assigns the two particles of the EPR-B experiment an equal and opposite spin at the source, the choice being determined by a fair coin toss. However they are measured, these spins are recovered. Christian's computer simulation works by not actually simulating his model at all but by almost directly tracing the negative cosine built into his computer algebra package. Bell's theorem has not been disproved. Debate as to what it means for the foundations of physics as well as for quantum information engineering (quantum communication, computation) is more lively today than ever before. Christian's paper, alas, does not contribute to the debate, but distracts from it. A possible role for Geometric Algebra is still wide open and deserves further investigation, informed by a proper understanding of the mathematical content of Bell's theorem.

Adrian Di Paolo, Alejandro Gangui

In this paper we discuss the importance of studying the orientation of ancient Christian churches, as a complement to the historical and cultural research of the temples. We present preliminary results of the analysis of the precise spatial orientation of 38 colonial churches located on the Canary Island of La Gomera (Spain). The sample suggests that, although several churches have a canonical orientation within the solar range, a large proportion of them follow a pattern of orientations that is compatible with the steep orography of the island and, therefore, contrasts with the prescriptions contained in the texts of the early Christian writers.

David Alinurdin

Helga Kristjánsdóttir

What are the determinants of tourism when treated as exports in national accounts? Is tourism sensitive to value-added taxation, Internet access, oil, English, Christianity, and regional trade agreements? Impact of these factors on tourism are tested, as well as the potential effects of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions; these are Hofstede’s cultural dimensions of uncertainty, individualism, power distance, masculinity, and orientation. The relationship between variables in the time period of 2003–2016 is analysed in the current research. The research shows estimate for tourism in logarithms to capture the marginal effects of various factors on tourism. The current research also obtains and tests international values for these factors empirically. The research seeks to answer if these factors affect the willingness of foreign tourists to visit.

Gabino Uríbarri

Patrick Gerard, Sandrine Grellier

We investigate how damping the lowest Fourier mode modifies the dynamics of the cubic Szeg{ö} equation. We show that there is a nonempty open subset of initial data generating trajec-tories with high Sobolev norms tending to infinity. In addition, we give a complete picture of this phenomenon on a reduced phase space of dimension 6. An appendix is devoted to numerical simulations supporting the generalisation of this picture to more general initial data.

Arthur C. Kirsch

One of the twentieth century's most important poets, W. H. Auden, stands as an eloquent example of an individual within whom thought and faith not only coexist but indeed nourish each other. This book is the first to explore in detail how Auden's religious faith helped him to come to terms with himself as an artist and as a man, despite his early disinterest in religion and his homosexuality. Auden and Christianity shows also how Auden's Anglican faith informs, and is often the explicit subject of, his poetry and prose. Arthur Kirsch, a leading Auden scholar, discusses the poet's boyhood religious experience and the works he wrote before emigrating to the United States as well as his formal return to the Anglican Communion at the beginning of World War II. Kirsch then focuses on Auden's criticism and on neglected and underestimated works of the poet's later years. Through insightful readings of Auden's writings and biography, Kirsch documents that Auden's faith and his religious doubt were the matrix of his work and life.

Aparecida Vilaça