1. Cs-iot,Qis Collage of Engineering and Technology,Ongole,India., E. Suresh, E. Dhanasri
et al.
The transition to sixth- generation (6G) communication networks is unlocking new horizons for applications including immersive extended reality, autonomous mobility, holographic telepresence, and massive Internet of Things (IoT). Such demands can be addressed with antenna systems that provide increased efficiency, faster agility, and consistent performance across difficult environments. Conventional design techniques, although successful in previous generations, are increasingly constricted when dealing with the intricacy of multi-band, reconfigurable, and high-frequency antennas. Here, we discuss how artificial intelligence (AI) can transform the antenna design process. With the integration of data-driven learning and physics-driven understanding, AI methods such as machine learning and reinforcement learning can accelerate design cycles, enhance precision, and optimize factors such as gain, beamforming, and radiation patterns. We also present case studies at millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) frequencies that show quantifiable improvements over traditional methods. The research indicates that AI-based approaches not only improve performance but also offer adaptable and scalable solutions that best fit the changing demands of 6G and beyond.
Let M be a module over a ring with identity and F be a fully invariant submodule of M. A module M is an F -CS-Rickart module if ⁻¹(F) is an essential submodule of a direct Summand of M for any ∈ End (M). In addition, M is an F - dual – CS – Rickart module if (F) lies above in a direct summand of M for any ∈ End (M). In this dissertation, some properties and characterizations of F – CS–Rickart modules and F –dual-CS– Rickart modules are investigated. Moreover, we prove that any F –dual-CS– Rickart modules and F -dual-CS-Rickart modules can be written as a direct sum of two submodules such that one of them relates to F and the other one is a CS-Rickart module (dual-CS-Ruckart module). Furthermore. we study F-CS– Rickart modules when they are projective modules. In particular, we explore Z (M)-CS-Rickart modules, Z₂ (M)-CS-Rickart modules and Z* (M)-CS-Rickart modules.
La Planificación y la Administración Turística y Hotelera como un efecto multiplicador para la transformación de los espacios en conflicto armado en territorios de paz, pueden ser hoy una realidad como emporio turístico y hotelero del siglo XXI gracias a las iniciativas que evocan la consolidación de una “paz recreativa, turística y hotelera” está en el país. Pensar en impactos beneficiosos que se pueden sembrar en zonas de gran valor turístico, natural y de recuperación del medio ambiente, de culturas y específicamente en los destinos que han sido víctimas del conflicto armado como lo han sido una mayoría de zonas de Colombia, son oportunidades para el desarrollo y practica del turismo, ecoturismo, producción artesanal, etnoturismo, de la recuperación de atractivos turísticos naturales y artificiales de alto valor nacional e internacional como ejes fundamentales para promover la innovación, la competitividad y potencializar este mercado.
The title compounds were synthesized at a temperature of 775 K via reaction of Fe2O3 with elemental cesium and rubidium alone or in combination with their hyperoxides AO2 where required by stoichiometry. The structures of the dark-red crystals have been determined by single crystal x-ray diffraction (Cs[FeO2]: cubic, space group Fd3m, a = 839.2(2) pm, Z = 8, R1 = 0.0547 and A5[Fe3O6] (A = Cs: orthorhombic, space group P212121, a = 861.8(2), b = 870.7(2), c = 1658.7(3) pm, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0617 and A = Rb: tetragonal, space group I4̅2d, a = 862.01(8), c= 1504.7(2) pm, Z =4, R1= 0.0334). These three compounds contain three-dimensional networks [FeO2], in the case of the ideal stuffed cristobalite composed of corner-sharing tetrahedra [FeO4/2], in the case of the new mixed valence compounds A5[Fe3O6] formed by corner-sharing of tetrahedra [FeIIIO4/2] and triangles [FeIIOO2/2] in a 1:2 ratio. The crystal structure of the cation rich compound Cs8[Fe2O7] (monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 722.32(12), b = 1789.0(3), c = 733.88(12) pm, β =118.976(3)°, Z = 4, R1=0.0287) exhibits di-ferrate anions [Fe2O7]6− composed of two cornersharing [FeIIIO4] tetrahedra with a linear Fe-O-Fe bridge.