Hasil untuk "Technology"

Andrew D. Foster, M. Rosenzweig

T. Mitzner, J. B. Boron, C. Fausset et al.

G. Burr, M. Breitwisch, M. Franceschini et al.

The authors survey the current state of phase change memory (PCM), a nonvolatile solid-state memory technology built around the large electrical contrast between the highly resistive amorphous and highly conductive crystalline states in so-called phase change materials. PCM technology has made rapid progress in a short time, having passed older technologies in terms of both sophisticated demonstrations of scaling to small device dimensions, as well as integrated large-array demonstrators with impressive retention, endurance, performance, and yield characteristics. They introduce the physics behind PCM technology, assess how its characteristics match up with various potential applications across the memory-storage hierarchy, and discuss its strengths including scalability and rapid switching speed. Challenges for the technology are addressed, including the design of PCM cells for low reset current, the need to control device-to-device variability, and undesirable changes in the phase change material that c...

E. Mardis

S. Chaudhuri, U. Dayal, Vivek R. Narasayya

N. Selwyn

Patrick Y. K. Chau, P. H. Hu

D. Myers

Chapter One - Surfactant Science and Technology: An Overview Chapter Two - The Organic Chemistry of Surfactants Chapter Three - Surfactants in Solution: Micellization and Related Association Phenomena Chapter Four - Solubilization, Microemulsions, and Micellar Catalysis Chapter Five - Surface Activity and the Liquid/Vapor Interface Chapter Six - Emulsions Chapter Seven - Foams Chapter Eight - Surfactants at the Solid/Liquid Interface Bibliography References Index.

I. Zigurs, B. K. Buckland

Patrick Y. K. Chau

J. R. Harris, N. Rosenberg

S. C. Ehrmann

E. Murphy, R. Dingwall, D. Greatbatch et al.

A. Kilian, P. Wenzl, E. Huttner et al.

Xiaoyu Zhang, Weipeng Jiang, Juan Zhai et al.

Large language models (LLMs) are now an integral part of software development workflows and are reshaping the whole process. Traditional technology stack selection has not caught up. Most of the existing selection methods focus solely on the inherent attributes of the technology, overlooking whether the LLM can effectively leverage the chosen technology. For example, when generating code snippets using popular libraries like Selenium (one of the most widely used test automation tools with over 33k GitHub stars), existing LLMs frequently generate low-quality code snippets (e.g., using deprecated APIs and methods, or containing syntax errors). As such, teams using LLM assistants risk choosing technologies that cannot be used effectively by LLMs, yielding high debugging effort and mounting technical debt. We foresee a practical question in the LLM era, is a technology ready for AI-assisted development? In this paper, we first propose the concept, AI coding proficiency, the degree to which LLMs can utilize a given technology to generate high-quality code snippets. We conduct the first comprehensive empirical study examining AI proficiency across 170 third-party libraries and 61 task scenarios, evaluating six widely used LLMs. Our findings reveal that libraries with similar functionalities can exhibit up to 84% differences in the quality score of LLM-generated code, while different models also exhibit quality gaps among their generation results using the same library. These gaps translate into real engineering costs and can steer developer choices toward a narrow set of libraries with high AI coding proficiency, threatening technological diversity in the ecosystem. We call on the community to integrate AI proficiency assessments into technology selection frameworks and develop mitigation strategies, preserving competitive balance in AI-driven development.

Ding Cao, Guangyou Fang, Xuequan Chen

Microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature, and microbial activities are closely intertwined with the entire life cycle system and human life. Developing novel technologies for the detection, characterization and manipulation of microorganisms promotes their applications in clinical, environmental and industrial areas. Over the last two decades, terahertz (THz) technology has emerged as a new optical tool for microbiology. The great potential originates from the unique advantages of THz waves including the high sensitivity to water and inter-/intra-molecular motions, the non-invasive and label-free detecting scheme, and their low photon energy. THz waves have been utilized as a stimulus to alter microbial functions, or as a sensing approach for quantitative measurement and qualitative differentiation. This review specifically focuses on recent research progress of THz technology applied in the field of microbiology, including two major parts of THz biological effects and the microbial detection applications. In the end of this paper, we summarize the research progress and discuss the challenges currently faced by THz technology in microbiology, along with potential solutions. We also provide a perspective on future development directions. This review aims to build a bridge between THz photonics and microbiology, promoting both fundamental research and application development in this interdisciplinary field.

Nitin Thombre, Pritesh Patil, Ankita Yadav et al.

Abstract The textile industry is one of the important and largest industry that consumes major chunk of the water in the world. This industry produces a large amount of wastewater during the processes such as sizing, de-sizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing, dyeing, printing, and finishing. The used water produced after such processes affects the environment heavily due to its composition such as mineral salts and oils present in suspended state, metals and metal complexes, dyes, various chemicals, some readily-biodegradable products and some constituents that are hard to biodegrade. The treatment of such hazardous effluent to reuse the water in certain water demanding processes is essential. Considering the worldwide application of the textiles, the appropriate management of water resources in the sector includes the treatment of effluent by efficient technology and the reuse of the water. This article displays an overview of waste management during textile industrial processes. It aims at giving oversight on waste minimization and reuse along with wastewater treatment methods. It also involves the cross-utilization of effluent between processes for achieving water efficiency. This review covers advanced waterless textile dyeing processes, zero liquid discharge techniques, advanced oxidation processes, biological treatment methods, which can be a sustainable and greener approach to reducing the waste generation.

Yiming Zhang, Yuxi Liu, Sailing He

ABSTRACT A compact leaky‐wave antenna (LWA) with innovative phase‐shift asymmetric coupling for continuous beam scanning is presented. The antenna utilises a slow‐wave half‐mode substrate integrated waveguide with spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SW‐HMSIW‐SSPP) transmission line structure to achieve ultra‐compact dimensions in both longitudinal and lateral directions. The radiation characteristic is achieved using sinusoidal modulation on the SSPP structure. To enable continuous beam scanning through broadside, a novel and simple phase‐shift asymmetric coupling method is developed by placing sinusoidally modulated patches with π/2 phase shift on the metallised blind via‐hole arrays. This approach effectively suppresses the open stopband (OSB) and enables continuous beam scanning from backward to forward directions without radiation degradation at broadside. A prototype of the proposed LWA is fabricated and characterised. The measured results demonstrate that the antenna with 12 unit‐cells operates over a wide frequency range from 14.3 to 20.5 GHz with continuous beam scanning from −40° to +30°, while maintaining an ultra‐compact aperture of only 6.67 λ0 × 0.27 λ0.

Daiki Mayumi, Hiroki Matsuda, Tetsuya Yokota et al.

This study presents the construction of the first digital twin utilizing non-identifiable television viewing history data. As the media landscape continues to evolve, understanding viewer behavior has become increasingly crucial. By simulating viewing behaviors based on real-time data, our approach enables the virtual reproduction of viewer preferences and behavior patterns, facilitating optimized advertising, content production, and marketing strategies. We propose a method for classifying user viewing tendencies using large-scale, non-identifiable data and develop a simulator based on these classifications. A detailed analysis of the data led to the extraction of tailored features for television viewing and the development of a highly accurate classification model. The weekday and weekend models achieved F1 scores of approximately 0.95, demonstrating their strong predictive capabilities. This study provides valuable insights into digital twin construction for television viewing and opens new avenues for data-driven media strategies.

Justyna Rybicka, A. Tiwari, G. Leeke

Abstract Composite materials made of glass and carbon fibres have revolutionised many industries. Demand for composites is experiencing rapid growth and global demand is expected to double. As demand for composites grows it is clear that waste management will become an important issue for businesses. Technically composite materials evoke difficult recycling challenges due to the heterogeneity of their composition. As current waste management practices in composites are dominated by landfilling, governments and businesses themselves foresee that this will need to change in the future. The recycling of composites will play a vital role in the future especially for the aerospace, automotive, construction and marine sectors. These industries will require different recycling options for their products based on compliance with current legislation, the business model as well as cost effectiveness. In order to be able to evaluate waste management strategies for composites, a review of recycling technologies has been conducted based on technology readiness levels and waste management hierarchy. This paper analyses 56 research projects to identify growing trends in composite recycling technologies with pyrolysis, solvolysis and mechanical grinding as the most prominent technologies. These recycling technologies attained high scores on the waste management hierarchy (either recycling or reuse applications) suggesting potential development as future viable alternatives to composite landfilling. The research concluded that recycling as a waste management strategy is most popular exploration area. It was found mechanical grinding to be most mature for glass fibre applications while pyrolysis has been most mature in the context of carbon fibre. The paper also highlights the need to understand the use of reclaimed material as important assessment element of recycling efforts. This paper contributes to the widening and systematising knowledge on maturity and understanding composites recycling technologies.