Hasil untuk "Women. Feminism"

J. Lorber

N. F. Cott

Anthony Bonato, Morganna Hinds

Network structure and its role in prediction are examined in competitive basketball at the team and player levels. Adversarial game outcome networks from NCAA Division I women's basketball from 2021 to 2024 are used to compute the common out-neighbor score and PageRank, which are combined into a low-key leader strength that identifies competitors influential through structural similarity despite relatively low centrality. This measure is related to changes in NCAA NET rankings by grouping teams into quantiles and comparing average rank changes across seasons for both previous-to-current and current-to-next transitions. Link prediction is then studied using node2vec embeddings across three interaction settings. For NCAA regular-season game networks, cosine similarity between team embeddings is used in a logistic regression model to predict March Madness matchups. For WNBA shot-blocking networks, future directed blocking interactions are predicted via logistic regression on concatenated source-target player embeddings. For WNBA passing networks, region embeddings learned from first-quarter passes are evaluated for their ability to predict subsequent passing connections. Across NCAA and WNBA settings, embedding-based models provide statistically significant evidence that higher-order network structure contains predictive signals for future interactions, while the passing experiment shows weaker predictive performance but yields interpretable similarity patterns consistent with passing feasibility.

Angela Mcrobbie

W. Brown

Crishna Irion, Luiz Claudio Theodoro, Flavio de Oliveira Silva et al.

Education motivated the encouragement of female participation in several areas of science and technology. Programming marathons have grown over the years and are events where programmers compete to solve coding challenges. However, despite scientific evidence that there is no intellectual difference between genders, women's participation is relatively low. This work seeks to understand the reason for this adherence, considering the gender issue in Programming Marathons over the last years, in a real context. This work aims to understand the context of female representativeness in which the intellectual aspects do not differ in gender. Still, there is a considerable discrepancy in female belonging.

Marlene J E Mayer, Nicolas B Garnier, Clara Becker et al.

Prenatal maternal stress (PS) is a risk factor for adverse offspring neurodevelopment. Heart rate variability (HRV) complexity provides a non-invasive marker of maternal autonomic regulation and may be influenced by mind--body interventions such as Yoga. In this quasi-randomized controlled trial, 28 chronically stressed pregnant women were followed from the second trimester until birth: 14 participated in weekly Hatha Yoga with electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings, and 14 received standard obstetric care with monthly ECGs. Group allocation was based on availability, with participants unaware of their assignment at enrollment. HRV complexity was assessed first with Sample Entropy and Entropy Rate and then expanded to 94 HRV metrics spanning temporal, frequency, nonlinear, and information-theoretical domains. All metrics were covariate-adjusted (maternal age, BMI, gestational age), standardized, and analyzed using timepoint-specific principal component analysis (PCA). From this, a unified HRV index was derived. Analyses revealed that HRV metric relationships changed dynamically across pregnancy, with PCA loadings shifting from frequency toward complexity measures in late gestation. The mixed effects model identified a significant time x group interaction effect (p = 0.041). These findings suggest a restructuring of HRV signal-analytical domains with advancing pregnancy attributable to Yoga and highlight the utility of advanced HRV analysis frameworks for future, larger trials.

José Gerardo Suárez-García, Eduardo Moreno-Barbosa, Javier M. Hernández-López et al.

Objective: Differences in WM structural connectivity were sought by comparing graph measures from young women with normal weight ($D_\mathrm{norm}$) and obesity ($D_\mathrm{over}$), studying FA-based inter-tract correlation matrices. Methods: Undirected binary adjacency matrices were created from WM inter-tract correlation matrices. Sixteen global graph measures were compared between the $D_\mathrm{norm}$ and $D_\mathrm{over}$ groups. At the nodal level, four graph measures were compared. Optimal community structures were calculated using the Louvain community detection algorithm. This was done considering all network, as well as the left and right hemispheres separately. Results: At the global level and considering all network, the $D_\mathrm{over}$ group had significantly reduced global efficiency compared to the $D_\mathrm{norm}$ group. Considering only the right hemisphere, none of the graph measures were significantly different between the two groups. Studying only the left hemisphere, the $D_\mathrm{over}$ group obtained significantly reduced measures compared to the $D_\mathrm{norm}$ group in five global graph measures. At the nodal level, the $D_\mathrm{over}$ group obtained significantly reduced graph measures in WM tracts when studying all network and the left hemisphere separately. These tracts were mainly involved in the reward network. The optimal community structures calculated were consistent with the results reported. Conclusion: The $D_\mathrm{over}$ group showed altered and reduced structural connectivity in WM tracts compared to the $D_\mathrm{norm}$ group. The reported tracts are involved in reward processing, inhibitory control, executive decision-making, and cognitive processing. In addition to obtaining results consistent with those reported in the literature, it was additionally observed that the results were lateralized to the left hemisphere.

Runhua Zhang, Ruyuan Wan, Jiaqi Li et al.

Feminist HCI has been rapidly developing in East Asian contexts in recent years. The region's unique cultural and political backgrounds have contributed valuable, situated knowledge, revealing topics such as localized digital feminism practices, or women's complex navigation among social expectations. However, the very factors that ground these perspectives also create significant survival challenges for researchers in East Asia. These include a scarcity of dedicated funding, the stigma of being perceived as less valuable than productivity-oriented technologies, and the lack of senior researchers and established, resilient communities. Grounded in these challenges and our prior collective practices, we propose this meet-up with two focused goals: (1) to provide a legitimized channel for Feminist HCI researchers to connect and build community, and (2) to facilitate an action-oriented dialogue on how to legitimize, develop, and sustain Feminist HCI in the East Asian context. The website for this meet-up is: https://feminist-hci.github.io/

Sharifa AlBlooshi

Stephen H. Kennedy, Noni E. MacDonald, Sue Ann Costa Clemens et al.

Kruti S. Chaliawala

ABSTRACT Objective The current cross sectional secondary data analysis study aimed (1) to assess the extent to which international students report that premenstrual syndrome (PMS), painful periods, or menstrual cramping negatively impact their academic performance, and (2) to examine the associations between PMS, painful periods, or menstrual cramping and academic challenges as well as mental health outcomes including anxiety, depression, psychological distress, and suicidal ideation. Methods Data were drawn from a large national sample (N = 12 468) with an average age of 22 years (μ = 22.97, SD = 5.86). Descriptive analyses and univariate logistic regression analyses were undertaken using IBM SPSS Version 26. Results Approximately 11.0% (n = 1356) reported that menstrual health conditions negatively impacted their academic performance, and 1.2% (n = 153) indicated that these issues delayed their degree progress. Students experiencing high stress (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = [1.58, 1.92]), anxiety (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = [1.73, 2.03]), depression (OR = 2.20, 95% CI = [2.01, 2.41]), and suicidal ideation (OR = 1.84, 95% CI = [1.68, 2.01]) had significantly higher odds of reporting academic impediments. South Asian students had higher odds of reporting menstrual‐related academic disruption than other racial and ethnic identities (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = [1.31, 1.70]). Conclusion Menstrual health conditions, though significant, are an underrecognized determinant affecting academic performance and mental health among international college students. These findings call for culturally sensitive campus policies and interventions that address menstrual stigma and expand access to support services.

C. Mackinnon

Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco, Amanda Cercas Curry, Alba Curry et al.

Large language models (LLMs) reflect societal norms and biases, especially about gender. While societal biases and stereotypes have been extensively researched in various NLP applications, there is a surprising gap for emotion analysis. However, emotion and gender are closely linked in societal discourse. E.g., women are often thought of as more empathetic, while men's anger is more socially accepted. To fill this gap, we present the first comprehensive study of gendered emotion attribution in five state-of-the-art LLMs (open- and closed-source). We investigate whether emotions are gendered, and whether these variations are based on societal stereotypes. We prompt the models to adopt a gendered persona and attribute emotions to an event like 'When I had a serious argument with a dear person'. We then analyze the emotions generated by the models in relation to the gender-event pairs. We find that all models consistently exhibit gendered emotions, influenced by gender stereotypes. These findings are in line with established research in psychology and gender studies. Our study sheds light on the complex societal interplay between language, gender, and emotion. The reproduction of emotion stereotypes in LLMs allows us to use those models to study the topic in detail, but raises questions about the predictive use of those same LLMs for emotion applications.

Scott Powers, Luke Stancil, Naomi Consiglio

The progression of a single point in volleyball starts with a serve and then alternates between teams, each team allowed up to three contacts with the ball. Using charted data from the 2022 NCAA Division I women's volleyball season (4,147 matches, 600,000+ points, more than 5 million recorded contacts), we model the progression of a point as a Markov chain with the state space defined by the sequence of contacts in the current volley. We estimate the probability of each team winning the point, which changes on each contact. We attribute changes in point probability to the player(s) responsible for each contact, facilitating measurement of performance on the point scale for different skills. Traditional volleyball statistics do not allow apples-to-apples comparisons across skills, and they do not measure the impact of the performances on team success. For adversarial contacts (serve/receive and attack/block/dig), we estimate a hierarchical linear model for the outcome, with random effects for the players involved; and we adjust performance for strength of schedule not only on the conference/team level but on the individual player level. We can use the results to answer practical questions for volleyball coaches.

Tainara Silva Novaes, Kathleen Danielly Souza Lins, Adolfo Gustavo S. Seca Neto et al.

This article presents initiatives aimed at promoting female participation in STEM fields, with the goal of encouraging more women to pursue careers in these areas. One of these initiatives is the Emílias - Armação em Bits Project, which organizes workshops in schools. Additionally, a podcast has been created to foster interaction between young people and professionals in the field of computing, while also contributing to the establishment of female role models in the industry. The results of these initiatives have been promising, as 70.6% of the students who participated in the workshops expressed an interest in computing. Furthermore, according to Spotify, the podcast's audience consists of 53% females, 44% males, and 3% unspecified, indicating that it has successfully reached a female demographic. Resumo. Este artigo apresenta iniciativas que têm como objetivo promover a participação das mulheres nas áreas de STEM, buscando encorajar mais mulheres a seguirem carreiras nesses campos. O Projeto Emílias - Armação em Bits desenvolve oficinas nas escolas e também um podcast, promovendo a interação entre jovens e profissionais da área de computação, além de contribuir para a formação de modelos femininos nesse campo. Os resultados demonstraram que 70,6% das estudantes demonstraram interesse pela computação após participarem das oficinas. Em relação aos ouvintes do podcast, dados do Spotify indicaram que 53% do público se identifica como feminino, 44% como masculino, e 3% não especificaram o gênero, o que mostra que o podcast tem alcançado um público feminino.

Esra Melikoğlu

Kate Atkinson in her first and fourth crime novels, Case Histories and Started Early, Took My Dog, rewrites Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre and other Female Gothic narratives to ponder feminism’s failure to ‘arrive.’ Second-wave feminism asks women to retrieve the half-obliterated feminine subject and construct from the fragments an emancipated identity for themselves. In Atkinson’s first crime novel, the amateur detective and actress Julia Land must retrieve a vanished sister and, in the fourth, in her onscreen role as a forensic pathologist the identity of a mutilated sex worker. Yet Julia repeats Jane Eyre’s simultaneous search for a lost woman and complicity with patriarchy’s occlusion of her. Atkinson, it will be argued, signals that the contemporary literary female investigator and ultimately today’s women relive the gothic heroine’s dilemma: Susceptible to the myth of romantic love, they abort their feminist mission and collude with patriarchy’s obliteration of the feminine subject.

Grethe Nina Hestholm

I denne artikkelen jamfører eg Ryles forståing av knowing how og knowing that med Irigarays forståing av kjønnsforskjellen. Eg finn dei same strukturane i og mellom dualismepara; det er ikkje mogeleg, verken i teori/praksis- eller i mann/kvinne-dualismen, å dedusere seg fram til den eine delen berre gjennom kunnskap om den andre. Likevel er delane i dualismeparet gjensidig avhengige av kvarandre, blant anna for i medvit om den forskjellige andre å kultivere det som er særeige med seg sjølv. I denne kultiveringa kan skulen spele ei avgjerande rolle; ei einsidig utvikling av den eine delen fører til framandgjering og paralyserande konformisme for begge, medan ein representasjon av og formidling mellom partane støttar gjensidig utvikling og intersubjektivitet. I ungdomsskulepraksisen på Praktisk pedagogisk utdanning for yrkesfag (PPUY) møtes allmennfaglege og yrkesfaglege kunnskapskulturar i to veker. Ser vi i dette møtet starten på ei gjensidig kultivering saman med den forskjellige andre?

Valerie Amos, P. Parmar

Our task here is to begin to identify the ways in which a particular tradition, white Eurocentric and Western, has sought to establish itself as the only legitimate feminism in current political practice. We seek to address ourselves in very broad terms, to the theoretical and consequently political limitations of Euro-American feminism and the ways such analyses inform and distort white women's political practice. In challenging such feminist writings we not only look at the ways in which analyses of racism have been significantly lacking from that work but equally importantly we look at the ways in which we as Black women have been made 'visible' in such writings and the terms in which our experiences have been explained. The growth of the Black feminist movement in Britain in the last decade has forced the question of the centrality of Black women's oppression and exploitation onto the political and theoretical agendas. The political energy of Black women who have organized at the grassroots within our communities against the myriad of issues engendered by the racism of the British state has inspired and pointed to the urgent need to challenge many of the theoretical conceptualizations and descriptions of Black and Third World women existing within white feminist literature. Bell Hook's argument (1982) that racism in the women's movement in the USA has acted to exclude the participation of Black women is equally applicable to the British situation:

N. Chodorow