Hasil untuk "Osteopathy"

Roberto Lo Piccolo, Roberto Lo Piccolo, Michele Maria Cantagalli et al.

IntroductionAppendicitis is the most frequent non-traumatic surgical emergency in children. While laparoscopic surgery is standard, postoperative recovery often involves pain, delayed bowel function, and reduced mobility. Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) may improve recovery by addressing fascial restrictions and visceral dysfunction. This pilot study investigates OMT's effect on postoperative pain and hospital length of stay in pediatric patients undergoing appendectomy.MethodsThis non-randomized, time-controlled clinical trial was conducted at Meyer Pediatric Hospital (Florence, Italy) with 43 patients aged 5–17 undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy. Participants were divided by appendicitis type (complicated/uncomplicated) and treatment group (OMT vs. control). The OMT group received two standardized sessions within 48 h post-surgery. Primary outcomes included postoperative pain (assessed via Numeric Rating Scale) and hospital stay. Secondary outcomes included bowel function, mobilization, and nausea/vomiting. Data were analyzed using multivariate statistics and t-tests, with p < 0.05 as the significance threshold.ResultsThe OMT group showed a shorter mean hospital stay (4.6 vs. 7 days) and significantly greater reductions in abdominal and shoulder pain compared to controls. In uncomplicated appendicitis, pain reduction reached 3/10 vs. 1.7/10 in controls; in complicated cases, 3.6/10 vs. 1.8/10. Shoulder pain relief was also more pronounced in the OMT groups. Improvements in bowel function, mobilization, and nausea were observed in both groups, with no statistically significant differences.ConclusionsThis pilot study provides preliminary evidence that OMT may enhance postoperative recovery in pediatric appendectomy by reducing pain and potentially shortening hospital stays. Although not statistically significant due to the small sample size, the clinical relevance of these findings supports further investigation through larger, randomized trials.

Jason Long, Isabel Shaffrey, Richard Danilkowicz et al.

<b>Background:</b> Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is successful at reducing pain and improving patient satisfaction. A paucity of literature exists regarding racial disparities in TAA. The aim of this study was to update the literature, analyze utilization rates, and detect differences in postoperative outcomes between the racial/ethnic groups. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective study was performed utilizing the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database between the years 2012 and 2018. The postoperative complications were identified as outcomes. Patients were categorized based on race/ethnicity for comparison. A <i>p</i>-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. <b>Results:</b> 1164 patients met criteria, 1051 (90.3%) were White, 113 (9.7%) were Non-White, a nearly 10-fold difference in utilization rate. The mean age of White patients undergoing TAA was older than Non-White patients, 63.7 and 55.3 years respectively (<i>p</i>-value < 0.01). Incidence of postoperative complications showed no significant differences based on racial group. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our results found a nearly 10-fold difference in White patients undergoing TAA compared to other racial/ethnic groups. This highlights the continued racial disparities present in TAA. Further efforts are needed to improve the proportion of minority populations who undergo TAA to bridge the current racial disparities present in the field of TAA.

Liyi Chen, Zhaoping Gan, Shengsheng Huang et al.

Abstract Objective The present study attempted to predict blood transfusion risk in spinal tuberculosis surgery by using a novel predictive nomogram. Methods The study was conducted on the clinical data of 495 patients (167 patients in the transfusion group and 328 patients in the non-transfusion group) who underwent spinal tuberculosis surgery in our hospital from June 2012 to June 2021. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to screen out statistically significant parameters, which were included to establish a novel predictive nomogram model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, C-index, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the model. Finally, the nomogram was further assessed through internal validation. Results The C-index of the nomogram was 0.787 (95% confidence interval: 74.6%–.82.8%). The C-value calculated by internal validation was 0.763. The area under the curve (AUC) of the predictive nomogram was 0.785, and the DCA was 0.01–0.79. Conclusion A nomogram with high accuracy, clinical validity, and reliability was established to predict blood transfusion risk in spinal tuberculosis surgery. Surgeons must prepare preoperative surgical strategies and ensure adequate availability of blood before surgery.

Aguilar del Rey J, Jódar Gimeno E, Brañas F et al.

Antecedentes: La elevada prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D en España es considerada una verdadera epidemia con importantes implicaciones para la salud por las múltiples funciones que ejerce la vitamina D tanto a nivel esquelético como extraesquelético. Para que las personas con insuficiencia o deficiencia en vitamina D alcancen los niveles séricos más adecuados, deben recibir suplementos de vitamina D. Este estudio se realizó con la finalidad de evaluar si en la práctica clínica habitual, el manejo de la hipovitaminosis D era llevada a cabo según las recomendaciones internacionales establecidas por las sociedades científicas. Métodos: Se realizaron dos rondas de circulación de un cuestionario Delphi entre un panel formado por médicos prescriptores habituales de vitamina D. Resultados: En general, los médicos del panel reconocieron la alta prevalencia de la hipovitaminosis D en España, la necesidad del cribado en los distintos grupos de riesgo y los beneficios de la suplementación en los pacientes con insuficiencia o déficit de vitamina D. Sin embargo, no se alcanzó el consenso en algunas de las aseveraciones relacionadas con los métodos de cuantificación de la vitamina D o con las recomendaciones para el manejo de la hipovitaminosis D. Conclusiones: La ausencia de acuerdo para algunos de los ítems reveló la necesidad de realizar acciones formativas destinadas a proporcionar un conocimiento adecuado y actualizado sobre las evidencias científicas y las recomendaciones para la práctica clínica de la suplementación de vitamina D.

David Hohenschurz-Schmidt, Whitney Scott, Charlie Park et al.

Abstract. Introduction:. Remote consultations through phone or video are gaining in importance for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain across a range of health care providers. However, there is a plethora of technical options for practitioners to choose from, and there are various challenges in the adaptation of clinical processes as well as several special considerations regarding regulatory context and patient management. Practitioners are faced with a lack of high-quality peer-reviewed resources to guide the planning and practical implementation of remote consultations. Objectives:. This Clinical Update seeks to provide practical guidance for the planning and implementation of remote consultations for the management and treatment of people with musculoskeletal pain. Methods:. Recommendations are based on a brief overview of the relevant research regarding phone and video consultations for musculoskeletal practice and derived from the literature, relevant guidelines, and practical experience. Results:. The technical feasibility of remote consultations for musculoskeletal complaints is good, patient satisfaction is high, and a growing body of evidence supports its comparative effectiveness to in-person consultations in some circumstances for improving pain and functioning. We consider in detail practical aspects such as the choosing of hardware and software, we touch on the legal and regulatory context, and we focus on the adaptation of clinical processes and communication. Conclusion:. This Clinical Update draws together best-practice evidence in a practically applicable format, enabling therapists who are working with people with pain to directly apply this knowledge to their individual clinical settings and the requirements of their patients.

Heredero-Jiménez S, Tirado-Cabrera I, Martín-Guerrero E et al.

Objetivo: El tejido óseo tiene la capacidad de adaptarse a los estímulos del entorno alterando su morfología y metabolismo. Las diferentes células óseas se comunican entre sí a través de uniones comunicantes (UCs). La conexina 43 (Cx43) es la proteína más abundante de las UCs; tiene funciones clave en la transducción de señales y en la respuesta a estímulos hormonales y mecánicos. Otro elemento mecanosensor de los osteocitos es el cilio primario, formado por microtúbulos y que se desarrolla en la fase G0 del ciclo celular. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron determinar la implicación de la Cx43 y del cilio primario en la actividad de los osteocitos, analizar la posible interacción entre estos dos mecanosensores, y evaluar el papel que desempeñan en la detección y respuesta de los osteocitos ante el estímulo mecánico y la estimulación del receptor de la parathormona tipo 1 (PTH1R) por su ligando, la proteína relacionada con la parathormona (PTHrP) (1-36). Material y métodos: Se comparó la línea celular de osteocitos MLO-Y4 control (Cx43+/+) con MLO-Y4 deficientes en Cx43 (Cx43-/-). El análisis de expresión de la proteína del transporte intraflagelar 88 (IFT88), de la Cx43 y de la fosforilación de la quinasa reguladora de la señal extracelular (P-ERK) se determinó mediante Western blot. Para caracterizar la posible colocalización entre el cilio primario y Cx43 se realizó una inmunofluorescencia. Para simular el estímulo mecánico in vitro, las células se sometieron a un estrés mecánico de 10 dinas/cm2 por flujo de fluido durante 10 minutos. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el número de células con cilio primario no varía por la expresión de Cx43 (p=0,089); y que en las células con presencia en Cx43, el estímulo mecánico por flujo de fluido y la PTHrP aumentan la fosforilación de quinasas reguladas por señal extracelular (ERK) respecto a las células no estimuladas (p=0,049 y p=0,011, respectivamente). Conclusiones: El cilio primario y la Cx43 actúan como elementos mecanosensores de los osteocitos. La deficiencia en Cx43 no influye en la ciliogénesis ni en la activación por parte del estímulo mecánico de las rutas de señalización pro-supervivencia en los osteocitos.

Tatiana A. Grebennikova, Sofya A. Gronskaia, Tatiana S. Zenkova et al.

Sagliker syndrome is a rare complication of renal osteodystrophy, characterized by severe skeletal and cranium deformities, neurologic and soft tissue abnormalities in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and untreated secondary hyperparathyroidism. This article reports a 29-year-old female patient with end-stage CRF after 9 years of hemodialysis. She had severe secondary hyperparathyroidism, hyperplasia of three parathyroid glands and cranium and skeletal bone structure deformation. The first changes appeared after 4 years of therapy with peritoneal dialysis. They included uglifying face appearances, short stature, severe maxillary changes, chest deformity. During the examination we revealed severe tomographical and X-ray changes: maxillary and mandibular hyperplasia, temporomandibular articulation changes, affected cheekbones, sphenoid bone and bones of the cranial vault, fingertip changes, vertebral body compression. Although surgical parathyroidectomy was effective at biochemical abnormalities, severe bone deformities were not regressed. This case highlights the importance of clinicians attention for early monitoring and appropriate treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end-stage CRF.

Varela-Eirín M, Varela-Vázquez A, Blanco A et al.

Introducción: La artrosis (OA) es una enfermedad musculoesquelética degenerativa que afecta aproximadamente al 13% de la población occidental. A día de hoy no existe un tratamiento eficaz que evite el progreso de la misma o facilite la regeneración del cartílago articular. La conexina43 (Cx43) es una proteína transmembrana que se encuentra en niveles elevados en el cartílago y en la membrana sinovial de pacientes con OA. Esta proteína forma canales que permiten el intercambio de moléculas e iones entre dos células en contacto o entre la célula y su entorno, denominados uniones comunicantes (UCs) y hemicanales, respectivamente. En este estudio se investigó la función de la Cx43 y de las UCs en la degradación del cartílago articular de pacientes con OA. Material y métodos: Se han aislado condrocitos primarios del cartílago de donantes OA y sanos. Se evaluaron los niveles proteicos mediante Western blot, inmunofluorescencia y citometría de flujo. La expresión génica se ha evaluado mediante RT-qPCR, mientras que la comunicación celular se estudió mediante el ensayo scrape loading/dye transfer. La senescencia celular se evaluó midiendo la actividad de la β-galactosidasa mediante citometría celular o microscopía. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos indican que la sobreactividad de la Cx43 y de la comunicación intercelular a través de UCs detectadas en OA están implicadas con el progreso de la enfermedad al activar procesos de desdiferenciación celular hacia un estado inmaduro y senescencia celular. Utilizando condrocitos en cultivo aislados del cartílago de donantes con OA hemos demostrado que el incremento de la Cx43 activa factores implicados en la transición epitelio-mesénquima (TEM), como el factor de transcripción Twist-1. El incremento en el número de células desdiferenciadas y con altos índices de proliferación celular desencadena en senescencia celular vía p53/p16INK4a, activando el fenotipo secretor asociado a senescencia (SASP, del inglés Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype) que incluye la síntesis y liberación de factores inflamatorios como la interleuquina 6 (IL-6). La disminución de los niveles de la Cx43 utilizando pequeñas moléculas como la oleuropeína o técnicas de edición genética como CRISPR/Cas9 revirtió el proceso dando lugar a re-diferenciación celular, mejorando el fenotipo celular con incremento en proteínas implicadas en formación del tejido y diminuyendo la síntesis de MMPs y del componente inflamatorio y senescencia. Conclusiones: La disminución de la Cx43 en condrocitos artrósicos restaura regeneración tisular, por activación de re-diferenciación celular y disminución de senescencia. Estos resultados corroboran el uso de la Cx43 como una diana terapéutica eficaz para restaurar regeneración del cartílago en pacientes con OA y evitar la progresión de la enfermedad.

Yaseen Perbtani, Chris E. Forsmark

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is characterized by inadequate pancreatic enzyme delivery to the small intestine Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is characterized by inadequate pancreatic enzyme delivery to the small intestine, resulting in malabsorption. Clinical manifestations of EPI are often nonspecific and can lead to lack of timely recognition and diagnosis. Central to this clinical dilemma is the lack of highly accurate or specific testing which leads to misdiagnosis and suboptimal treatment. Identification of high-risk patients is key in the diagnosis of EPI and this includes patients with pancreatic parenchyma disorders such as chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic malignancy, cystic fibrosis, and those undergoing pancreatic resection for benign and malignant disease. Less recognized are the number of additional conditions which may also have EPI as a consequence. Owing to an increase in morbidity and impaired quality of life associated with this condition, goals of treatment have been aimed at repleting exocrine enzyme deficiency by oral pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT). The basis of PERT is to provide activated digestive enzymes to the small bowel during the prandial period, mainly, leading to sufficient absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins. The benefits of PERT have been shown to go beyond the improvement in signs and symptoms associated with EPI and include decreasing prevalence of osteopathy and improving survival outcomes in subsets of patients with this condition. However, despite the overall benefits in treatment, the diagnosis and management of EPI are suboptimal. Current literature suggests patients at high risk of developing EPI are not tested and those who are diagnosed are not treated with adequate dosages. In this review, we highlight patients who are at high risk for the development of EPI, analyze consequences and treatment of this disorder, review rationale for enzyme replacement therapy, and examine current evidence for treatment optimization.

Liudmila A. Suplotova, Valeria A. Avdeeva, Ekaterina A. Pigarova et al.

Background: The lack of a unified approach to the treatment of deficiency and vitamin D deficiency stimulated a detailed study of the dynamics of indicators of phosphorus-calcium metabolism, parathyroid hormone, 25(OH)D (calcidiol). Aim: To evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties of colecalciferol at a dosage of 150 000 IU, from the standpoint of its efficacy and safety in clinical practice. Materials and methods: Observational, single-center, prospective, selective, uncontrolled study of a comprehensive assessment of the pharmacokinetic properties of a single saturating dose of 150 000 IU of colecalciferol. To assess the pharmacokinetic properties of colecalciferol at a dosage of 150 000 IU, we set efficacy and safety criteria. The criterion for the effectiveness of treatment was to achieve an adequate level of vitamin D (more than 30 ng / ml at the initial insufficient level and more than 20 ng / ml for patients with vitamin D deficiency). The safety criteria for the correction of vitamin D deficiency or deficiency were the absence of patient complaints, adverse events and / or serious adverse events, as well as the preservation of the main laboratory parameters of phosphorus-calcium metabolism within the reference values. Results: When studying the efficacy of a dose of 150 000 IU in patients with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, it was found that the level of calcidiol was significantly higher in the group after treatment with colecalciferol compared with the group before treatment (p 0.05). The peak of the maximum value for patients with deficiency was established on the 14 day from the moment of administration of colecalciferol and was 37.1 6.28 ng / ml, and for patients with initial vitamin D deficiency 40.1 3.71 ng / ml. In the study of the safety of colecalciferol in a bolus dose of 150 000 IU, there were no statistically significant differences in the laboratory parameters of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, both in the group before treatment and after correction of deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency in both groups. Conclusion: Colecalciferol in the form of a single bolus dose of 150 000 IU demonstrated its efficacy and safety in real clinical practice.

Sosa Henríquez M, Gómez de Tejada Romero MJ

O V DOBROVOL'SKAYa, N V DEMIN, N V TOROPTsOVA

Вухэнергетическая рентгеновская денситометрия (DXA) поясничного отдела позвоночника (L1-L4) и проксимального отдела бедра (ПОБ) в ранние сроки после перенесенных низкоэнергетических переломов (НП) проводится относительно небольшому количеству пациентов даже в экономически развитых странах мира. Основными причинами низкой частоты исследования минеральной плотности кости (МПК) у этих больных считаются большие временные затраты на проведение DXA и ее высокая стоимость. В России немалое значение имеет и недостаточная обеспеченность соответствующей аппаратурой. Цель. Оценить значимость результатов периферической рентгеновской денситометрии дистального отдела предплечья (ДОП) у женщин в постменопаузе, перенесших НП, для прогноза остеопороза (ОП) осевого скелета. Материал и методы. Обследовано 134 женщины (средний возраст 65±9 лет), перенесших НП 5 основных локализаций. Определение МПК трех областей (L1-L4, ПОБ и ДОП) проводилось методом двухэнергетической рентгеновской центральной (Hologic «Discovery A») и периферической (Osteometer Meditech DTX 200) абсорбциометрии. Статистическая обработка проводилась с использованием пакета программ STATISTICA for Windows (версия 10.0) и MedCalc (версия 15.6). Результаты: при всех локализациях НП (ПОБ, ДОП, шейка плечевой кости, позвоночник и лодыжка) МПК в ДОП демонстрирует однонаправленные изменения с МПК в ПОБ и L1-L4. Коэффициенты корреляции (r) между МПК в ДОП и ПОБ в целом, шейке бедра и L1-L4 составили 0,58, 0,62 и 0,47, соответственно. Были построены характеристические (ROC) кривые, рассчитана площадь под ними (AUC), определены показатели чувствительности и специфичности для различных точек разделения. При помощи индекса Youden (J = Чувствительность + Специфичность - 1) рассчитаны оптимальные точки разделения показателя МПК (Т-критерий) в ДОП, характеризующиеся наилучшим соотношением чувствительности и специфичности. Установлено, что Т-критерий в ДОП <-2,6 (J=0,45), позволяет прогнозировать ОП позвоночника с чувствительностью 74% и специфичностью 71%; Т-критерий < -3,0 (J=0,48), позволяет прогнозировать ОП в ПОБ с чувствительностью 72% и специфичностью 76%. Для прогноза ОП в шейке бедренной кости оптимальной «точкой разделения» является значение Т-критерия ДОП <-2,8 (J=0,48), с чувствительностью 75% и специфичностью 71%. Заключение. Полученные нами значения МПК в ДОП по Т-критерию при проведении периферической DXA могут использоваться для прогнозирования ОП в поясничном отделе позвоночника, шейке бедра и общем показателе ПОБ в условиях отсутствия аппаратов для аксиальной DXA.

S Yu Vorotnikova, E A Pigarova

The data from a number of clinical trials investigating a once-yearly infusion of5 mg zoledronic acidshow a marked efficacy of this intervention in the treatment of primary and secondary osteoporosis with a combination of fracture risk reduction and prevention of bone loss at key skeletal sites. Recent research studies demonstrate beneficial features of original and generic zoledronic acid for treatment of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta, primary hyperparathyroidism, Paget’s disease of bone,vertebroplasty and dental implantation.

N. E. Lugovska , G. G. Lugovska , I. G. Chernysh et al.

The article presents the main results of inventive activity of the Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry headed by Dr. L. I. Apukhovska of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine. These researches continued the works initiated by Prof. V. P. Vendt and included development of technologies for the production of highly efficient preparations based on vitamin D3, namely “VIDEIN” in several modified forms (for prevention and treatment of rickets and rickets-like diseases in children, osteopathy of various origins, hypovitaminosis D in pregnant, mineral metabolism disorders, etc), water-soluble vitamin D3 (for prevention and treatment of rickets in children from the first months of life), “KALMIVID” and ”KALMIVID-M” (for treatment of bone tissue diseases associated with mineral metabolism disorders), the pharmaceutical composition “MEBIVID” (for treatment of osteoporosis and diseases associated with reduced bone mineral density) and therapeutic vitamin-D3-E protein complex (for regulation of metabolic processes, improvement of structural and functional bone quality as well as structure and function of epiphyseal cartilage). All products are characterized by stability of vitamin D3 molecule, and thus, dosing accuracy and reliability, whilst not containing toxic preservatives and stabilizers. The technologies for production as well as analytical and normative documentations have been developed for all preparations.

Nilüfer Alpay Kanıtez, Burak Erer, Öner Doğan et al.

OBJECTIVE: Osteoporosis, osteosclerosis, and lytic bone lesions have been observed in patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM). We examined bone mineral density (BMD) biochemical turnover markers and serum tryptase levels in SM, which is considered a rare disease. METHODS: Seventeen adult patients (5 females, 12 males; median age: 33 years, range: 20-64) with mastocytosis were included in this study. We investigated the value of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the calcaneus in the assessment of BMD in SM patients, as well as BMD of the lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck, and distal radius using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and plasma tryptase levels, biochemical markers of bone turnover. RESULTS: At lumbar spine L1-L4, the femoral neck, and the distal radius or as calcaneus stiffness, 12 of 17 patients had T-scores of less than -1 at least at 1 site, reflecting osteopenia. Three of 17 patients had T-scores showing osteoporosis (T-score <-2.5). There was no relationship between DXA and bone lesion severity. We also found a significant positive correlation between tryptase levels and disease severity, as well as between disease severity and pyridinoline (p<0.01 by Spearman's test). CONCLUSION: DXA and calcaneal QUS may not be appropriate techniques to assess bone involvement in SM patients because of the effects of osteosclerosis. This study further shows that the osteoclastic marker pyridinoline is helpful in patients with severe disease activity and sclerotic bone lesions to show bone demineralization.

Gifre L, Monegal A, Filella X et al.

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar la evolución de la masa ósea a largo plazo tras tratamiento osteoformador (teriparatida o PTH 1-84) en pacientes con osteoporosis severa, y determinar la frecuencia y los factores relacionados con una respuesta inadecuada (RI) al tratamiento. Métodos: Se incluyeron 49 pacientes (46 mujeres:3 hombres) con una edad media de 69,5±11,1 años, tratados con teriparatida (41) o PTH1-84 (8) durante 18/24 meses (84% tenían fracturas vertebrales y 84% habían recibido tratamiento previamente). Se analizaron: factores de riesgo y causa de osteoporosis, fracturas y tratamiento antiosteoporótico previo. Se valoraron los marcadores de recambio óseo (MRO), los niveles de 25-OH vitamina D (25OHD) basal y a los 3, 6, 12 y 18/24 meses, radiografías de columna dorso-lumbar y densitometría ósea (DMO) previa, a los 12 y 18/24 meses. Se definió RI cuando el cambio de DMO lumbar era <3% a los 18/24 meses. Resultados: 29% de los pacientes presentaron RI al tratamiento. No se observaron diferencias en la edad, DMO basal, valores de 25OHD y/o MRO entre los pacientes con y sin RI. El 92% de pacientes con RI había seguido tratamiento previo con bisfosfonatos (vs. el 79% de los pacientes sin RI, p=0,34) durante 7±4,8 años (vs. 4,9±4,2 años, p=0,19). No se observaron diferencias significativas en la evolución de los MRO tras iniciar el tratamiento entre ambos grupos de pacientes. Conclusión: El 29% de los pacientes con osteoporosis grave presenta una RI al tratamiento osteoformador. Aunque no se han identificado factores predictores de este tipo de respuesta, es posible que el tratamiento prolongado previo con bisfosfonatos pueda estar relacionado con este hallazgo.

Ovejero Gómez VJ, Díez Muñiz-Alique M, Díez Lizuaín ML et al.

La manifestación clínica del hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPTP) como tormenta hipercalcémica debe plantear un diagnóstico diferencial entre diversos procesos clínicos de pronóstico variable y la consideración de una patología tiroidea subyacente. El adenoma quístico paratiroideo representa una de sus causas más infrecuentes en el conjunto de las neoplasias quísticas glandulares a nivel cervical. El diagnóstico de su carácter funcional, apoyado en la determinación de calcemia, parathormona inmunorreactiva (PTHi) sérica e intraquística, y la interpretación correlacionada de los estudios de imagen, puede contribuir en su sospecha diagnóstica. Su tratamiento de elección es quirúrgico mediante paratiroidectomía selectiva con inclusión quística completa y extendida al tiroides según su grado de implicación, aunque esta técnica podría experimentar modificaciones dependiendo del nivel de confianza en el diagnóstico preoperatorio.

E. N. GLADKOVA, V. N. KhODYREV, O. M. LESNYaK

The aim of this study was to analyze the medical care and determinants of outcomes in patients with hip fracture. Epidemiological data was received from official statistic for cases of hip fractures and from primary care physicians. 208 cases of hip fractures were revealed during 2008-2009 (52 men and 156 women). The part of the hospitalized patients comprised 37,0%. Other patients either didn‘t apply to a hospital (57 people), or were refused in hospitalization (74 people). Operative treatment was received by 12,5% of patients with hip fracture. The lethality after a hip fracture within 1 year was high — 41,4°%. Thus, the low level of surgical care and the serious consequences of hip fractures and low level of the surgical help dictate the need for the development of the Russian standard to help these patients.

V I Konenkov, A V Shevchenko, M A Korolev et al.

Цель исследования. Комплексный анализ прогностической значимости выявления аллельных вариантов промоторных участков генов цитокинов в качестве генетических факторов риска развития остеопороза при сахарном диабете 2 типа. Материалы и методы. Было обследовано 625 человек. Контрольную группу составили 375 здоровых женщин без признаков остеопороза и сахарного диабета. С целью оценки роли генетических факторов при остеопорозе обследова- но 250 женщин находящихся в постменопаузальном периоде, разделенные на 3 группы: первая группа - 38 пациенток с первичным остеопорозом, вторая - 82 пациентки с остеопорозом на фоне сахарного диабета 2 типа, третья группа - 130 пациенток с сахарным диабетом 2 типа без признаков остеопороза. Группы были сравнимы по возрасту. Ис- следовались восемь полиморфизмов, локализованных в промоторных регионах генов интерлейкинов: TNFA в позициях С-863А, G-308A, G-238A, IL-1B T-31C, IL-4 C-590T, IL-6 G-174C, IL-10 C-592A, VEGFA С-2578А. Анализ исследуемых по- лиморфизмов проводился с использованием метода рестрикционного анализа продуктов амплификации. Результаты. Нами установлено, что наличие остеопороза является дискриминирующим фактором, разделяющим группу пациенток с сахарным диабетом по целому ряду генетических признаков. Группу этих признаков составили комбинации из 3-х, 4-х, 5-ти и 6-ти генотипов генов цитокинов: TNFA, IL-6, IL-1B, VEGF и IL-10. В группах больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа были проанализированы параметры, характеризующие инсулинорезистентность, эндо- телиальную дисфункцию и воспаление. У пациентов страдающих сахарным диабетом и остеопорозом отмечено до- стоверное повышение концентраций С-пептида, GLP-1 и снижение содержания GIP, лептина, PAI-1 и висфатина. В данной работе впервые описана ассоциированность уровней инсулина, резистина, лептина, глюкагона и PAI-1 с генотипами цитокинов при сахарном диабете 2 типа. Заключение. В результате исследования установлена связь развития системного остеопороза у здоровых женщин в постменопаузе и у пациенток с сахарным диабетом 2 типа с наличием определенными комбинациями аллельных вариантов генов цитокинов.

M N Kirpikova, S A Cvinina, N N Belosel'skiy et al.

The purpose of the work is studying clinico-radiological features of a combination of postmenopausal osteoporosis and degenerate-dystrophic changes at the spine (vertebral column). Material and methods. It were examined 66 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis and a dorsodynia syndrome. It were estimated expression of a dorsodynia on a visually-analogue scale (VAS), motor performance (function) level, quality of a life (Qualeffo-41). There was spent X-ray examination of a spine with an estimation of degenerate-dystrophic changes in points. Results and conclusions. All patients had degenerate-dystrophic changes of a backbone with various degree of expression. Patients with considerable displays of an osteoporosis at radiological research and overestimate of bone mineral density were prevailed . The authentic negative interrelation (r =-0,59 is taped; р