Hasil untuk "Hungary"

Réka Könyves-Tóth, Zsófia Bodola, Tamás Szalai et al.

{Supernova (SN) siblings are powerful tools used to calibrate and improve distance measurement methods, and to make the systematic uncertainty to distances to their host galaxies considerably lower compared to other techniques.} {In this paper we present distance estimates to NGC6951, a galaxy that hosted the Type IIP SN~2020dpw, the Type Ib SN~2021sjt, and three other SNe.} {Photometric observations of the two objects were carried out using two 80cm RC telescopes located in Hungary, while spectra were obtained from the LCO and the WiseRep database. For the distance estimates, we applied the expanding photosphere method (EPM), which connects the observed angular radius ($θ$) of a SN to its physical radius and is related to the velocity of the photosphere ($v_{\rm ph}$). Although the EPM is mostly applied to derive the distance of Type IIP SNe, in the literature there are several examples of this technique being used for Type IIn and stripped-envelope SNe as well. Therefore, we made another attempt to infer the distance of the Type Ib SN~2021sjt by applying the EPM together with its Type IIP sibling SN~2020dpw. } {Our analysis resulted in a distance of $25.76 \pm 0.34 (\rm random) \pm 5.51$ (systematic) Mpc and $24.57 \pm 1.27 (\rm random) \pm 4.64$ (systematic) Mpc for SN~2020dpw and SN~2021sjt, respectively. Systematic errors were estimated with respect to the used dilution factor, the interstellar reddening, and the date of the explosion (which was fixed to a value between the last non-detection and the first detection for each object).} {The obtained distance values agree with each other and with the literature, which shows the validity of the methods used. In this way, new and perhaps improved distance estimates to NGC 6951 were obtained, and the applicability of the EPM for Type Ib SNe was tested.}

Ákos Bérczi, Fanni Éva Szablics, Anita Nelli Simon et al.

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) remains an important reference modality for evaluating chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), with left transradial access (TRA) increasingly favored for its lower complication rates and patient comfort. Radiation safety for operators is paramount, yet the impact of patient positioning on scatter radiation during lower limb diagnostic catheter angiography (CA) is understudied. This single-center randomized controlled trial evaluated whether head-first (HF) vs. feet-first (FF) supine patient orientation affects operator radiation exposure during lower extremity CA from left TRA. Between February and August 2024, 24 patients with CLTI were enrolled and randomized to HF or FF positions. Operator radiation exposure was measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) at the eye, chest, and left ring finger. Background radiation was subtracted. Procedures were standardized and performed by a single experienced interventional radiologist. Fluoroscopy time, dose area product (DAP), and contrast usage were recorded. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in patient BMI and procedural parameters. Patient positioning (HF vs. FF) did not significantly impact operator radiation exposure. A trend toward higher finger exposure in FF position suggests the need for optimized hand protection. These findings support flexible patient positioning without compromising operator safety, reinforcing adherence to ALARA principles.

Csanád Endre Lőrincz, Zoltán Virág, András Nagy et al.

Gynecological endocrine disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis as well as primary ovarian insufficiency (POI)/premature ovarian failure (POF), significantly impact women’s reproductive health and overall well-being. While these conditions are primarily driven by disturbances of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, yet growing evidence indicates that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in their development and progression. The combined impact of hormonal imbalance and impaired redox homeostasis contributes to infertility, metabolic dysfunction, and other co-morbidities, such as increased cardiovascular risk. Given that women may live for many years with these chronic conditions, investigating their pathophysiology and associated complications is of particular importance. This narrative review summarizes current knowledge on PCOS, endometriosis, and POI/PMF, emphasizing the contribution of oxidative stress and also highlights the association between these disorders and cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, the utility of rat models is presented to support the advancement of preventive and therapeutic research.

Zoltán Schneider, Balázs Móczár, Ákos Klein et al.

ABSTRACT Human activities can highly impact species that rely on man‐made structures for shelter or nesting, and building modifications for pest control or maintenance can have hidden ecological consequences. The breeding of the western barn owl (Tyto alba; hereafter barn owl) is especially associated with agricultural and church buildings. It is well known that the renovation of churches and their architectural protection against unwanted animals have significantly reduced the availability of barn owl nesting sites in recent decades. However, other potential direct consequences of church modifications have not been investigated sufficiently. We demonstrated how improperly modified church towers can act as traps, allowing the owls to enter the building but preventing them from leaving, which can lead to mass mortality, as we documented in two cases. This study highlights the need for deeper and more multifaceted investigations of building protection in light of such consequences that have been generally hidden until now in order to protect the barn owl more effectively.

Jalal Bashirov

This study examines the Quranic verse, "And the land we extended it, and placed in it stabilizers," through a geological lens, challenging claims of scientific inaccuracies. It argues that the verse aligns with modern geological concepts such as plate tectonics, ocean floor expansion, and the breakup of Pangea. Additionally, the role of stabilizers, including mountains and isostasy, is explored to highlight their compatibility with scientific principles. The study concludes that these verses, expressed in accessible language over 1,400 years ago, reflect profound scientific insight, supporting the Quran's claim as a divine revelation.

Alberto Morello MD, Andrea Bianconi MD, Francesca Rizzo MD et al.

Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy is a minimally invasive treatment option in neurosurgery for intracranial tumors, including recurrent gliomas. The technique employs the thermal ablation of target tissue to achieve tumor control with real-time monitoring of the extent by magnetic resonance thermometry, allowing targeted thermal injury to the lesion. Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy has gained interest as a treatment option for recurrent gliomas due to its minimally invasive nature, shorter recovery times, ability to be used even in patients with numerous comorbidities, and potential to provide local tumor control. It can be used as a standalone treatment or combined with other therapies, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy. We describe the most recent updates regarding several studies and case reports that have evaluated the efficacy and safety of Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy for recurrent gliomas. These studies have reported different outcomes, with some demonstrating promising results in terms of tumor control and patient survival, while others have shown mixed outcomes. The success of Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy depends on various factors, including tumor characteristics, patient selection, and the experience of the surgical team, but the future direction of treatment of recurrent gliomas will include a combined approach, comprising Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy, particularly in deep-seated brain regions. Well-designed prospective studies will be needed to establish with certainty the role of Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy in the treatment of recurrent glioma.

Zoltán Magyar

"Hunting" has now become a prominent tourism motive and the role of "hunting tourism" in shaping the image of the country and destination has become clear. Hunting tourism can be considered as a form of niche tourism, a form of tourism in an authentic environment, motivated by special interests and therefore only reaching a limited group of consumers.  The number of foreign guest hunters visiting Hungary is steadily increasing, reaching 29,000 in 2022. Foreign hunters visiting our country are involved in the service process developed by the hunters, with the assistance of the service providers. Their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a particular service provider is based on their experience of each service element, but their experience also fundamentally influences and shapes the image of the destination and the country. In addition to the species of game to be hunted, the image characteristics, beliefs and experiences associated with the hunting area are also an important factor in the decision of guests, which is why branding, i.e. communicating the value and uniqueness of the experiences offered in a credible and convincing way, and thus clearly distinguishing themselves from their competitors, has become a priority for players in the hunting tourism sector. The organisation is the only one in the world to have been awarded the "Edmond Blanc" award by the International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation on 2 occasions, with 60,000 hectares of land, which currently produces a world record number of fallow deer trophies. The Gúth Forestry welcomes around 500 guest hunters a year, with an average stay of 3 days. The aim of this case study is to show how the 5-step brand pyramid - based on the integration of objective characteristics and guest perceptions - can be used to identify the distinctive character traits that provide the basis for positioning in a hunting area with international appeal.

V. I. Kashcheev

The article deals with the problem of academic environment evolution in which an antiquity historian, A.S. Shofman (1913–1993) conducted his research and taught students in different periods of his life. The author shows that Shofman’s personal qualities, such as determination, ability to work in any external conditions, considerate and, at the same time, demanding attitude to his students and colleagues, sense of humor, irony, self-deprecation, and others played an important role in his development as a scholar. It is also pointed out that fate often brought him to teachers and colleagues who facilitated his success. Different spheres of his scientific communication are studied: prominent scholars of Ancient History and Philology – his teachers at Leningrad State University; international scientific contacts with his colleagues from Macedonia and Serbia, which used to be the part of Yugoslavia, from Hungary, Poland and Czechoslovakia. His relationship with Russian historians and philologists from Moscow, Leningrad, Voronezh, Tomsk and Belorussian scholars from Minsk were also discussed as well as academic environment at Kazan State University, especially at the Department of World History which A.S. Shofman headed for several decades. The article reveals the influence of his scientific surroundings on his development as a scholar and on themes of his research. A.S. Shofman, in his turn, shaped the mode of activity of the Department he headed and set up a scientific school in Kazan State University well-known in the country

Paolo Orrù

Premessa alla sezione speciale del numero 26 di ItalDeb

Abdel-Moety Salama, Ahmed Ezzat, Hassan El-Ramady et al.

Adequate chill is of great importance for successful production of deciduous fruit trees. However, temperate fruit trees grown under tropical and subtropical regions may face insufficient winter chill, which has a crucial role in dormancy and productivity. The objective of this review is to discuss the challenges for dormancy and chilling requirements of temperate fruit trees, especially in warm winter regions, under climate change conditions. After defining climate change and dormancy, the effects of climate change on various parameters of temperate fruit trees are described. Then, dormancy breaking chemicals and organic compounds, as well as some aspects of the mechanism of dormancy breaking, are demonstrated. After this, the relationships between dormancy and chilling requirements are delineated and challenging aspects of chilling requirements in climate change conditions and in warm winter environments are demonstrated. Experts have sought to develop models for estimating chilling requirements and dormancy breaking in order to improve the adaption of temperate fruit trees under tropical and subtropical environments. Some of these models and their uses are described in the final section of this review. In conclusion, global warming has led to chill deficit during winter, which may become a limiting factor in the near future for the growth of temperate fruit trees in the tropics and subtropics. With the increasing rate of climate change, improvements in some managing tools (e.g., discovering new, more effective dormancy breaking organic compounds; breeding new, climate-smart cultivars in order to solve problems associated with dormancy and chilling requirements; and improving dormancy and chilling forecasting models) have the potential to solve the challenges of dormancy and chilling requirements for temperate fruit tree production in warm winter fruit tree growing regions.

Ping Zhang, Juliette Thariat, Tanguy Seiwert et al.

ZSUZSANNA NOVÁK

A fejlett ipari országoknak is az államadósság csökkentése vagy akár szinten tartása okozza az egyik legfontosabb gazdaságpolitikai dilemmát. Az euróövezet tagállamai esetében is ez a kritérium tűnik a legkevésbé teljesíthetőnek, de Japán és az Egyesült Államok is leküzdhetetlennek tűnő államadóssággal birkózik. A tanulmány rövid áttekintést ad néhány meghatározó közgazdasági megközelítésről, amelyek az államadósság szintjének hosszú távú alakulása mögött meghúzódó tényezőket, gazdaságpolitikai lépéseket magyarázzák. Végül az elméletek alapján tanulságokat fogalmaz meg a magyar államadósság kezelését illetően az 1990–2010 közötti folyamatok ismeretében.

Farshid Aram, Ebrahim Solgi, Sepideh Baghaee et al.

The combined effects of global warming and increasing urban heat islands (UHIs) on air temperature and heat stress in cities are notable physical and mental health implications for citizens. With research having shown the effective role of urban green spaces in decreasing urban heat, this study investigated the cooling effect of a large urban park on thermal comfort outside the park area, from psychological and physiological perspectives. The studied park is located in the center of Madrid and adjacent to UHI. The study was performed by conducting field measurements and a survey with questionnaires. The measurements made on six summer days (with two-week intervals) showed that the park’s cooling effect could decrease the air temperature by 2.4–2.8 °C right up to the edge of the heat island (600 m), and decrease the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) by about 3.9 °C. By decreasing air temperature and PET, this park was also shown to increase the perceived thermal comfort (PTC) of the citizens from the psychological perspective in the defined area of effect. This perceived thermal comfort was found to have a significant inverse relationship with PET (P-value <0.05). The examination of cognitive maps drawn by citizens showed that out of the 145 respondents, 68.3% marked the park as the area that they perceive as having the greatest thermal comfort, and prefer as the place to spend time enjoying thermal comfort, irrespective of its distance from their location.

Attila Takács, Csaba Szabóky

The biology and larva of Glyphipterix loricatella (Treitschke, 1833) are described for the first time on the basis of material from two localities in Hungary, in the vicinity of Budapest. We reared larvae from Iris × germanica L. (Iridaceae), representing a new hostplant family for Glyphipterix. The larvae develop over a year in the leaves, later in the rhizome, where they spend the winter as mature larvae. The larvae eat themselves out of the rhizome in spring and pupate outside the rhizome in the soil in a cocoon, covered with soil particles. The pupal stage lasts 30–35 days. All developmental stages are illustrated.

W. Lv, S. Sultana, A. Rohskopf et al.

The low thermal conductivity of polymers limits their use in numerous applications, where heat transfer is important. The two primary approaches to overcome this limitation, are to mix in other materials with high thermal conductivity, or mechanically stretch the polymers to increase their intrinsic thermal conductivity. Progress along both of these pathways has been stifled by issues associated with thermal interface resistance and manufacturing scalability respectively. Here, we report a novel polymer composite architecture that is enabled by employing typical composites manufacturing method such as filament winding with the twist that the polymer is in fiber form and the filler in form of sheets. The resulting novel architecture enables accession of the idealized effective medium composite behavior as it minimizes the interfacial resistance. The process results in neat polymer and 50 vol% graphite/polymer plates with thermal conductivity of 42 W·m–1·K–1 (similar to steel) and 130 W·m–1·K–1 respectively.

Tamás Fülöp, Tamás Matolcsi

We show that the antisymmetric spinor tensor representation of spin-0 relativistic quantum mechanics provides a conserved current with positive definite timelike component, interpretable as probability density. The construction runs in complete analogy to the spin-1/2 case, and provides an analogously natural one-particle Hilbert space description for spin 0. Except for the free particle, the obtained formulation proves to be inequivalent to the one based on the Klein--Gordon equation. The second quantized version may lead to new field theoretical interaction terms for zero-spin particles.

Mihály Fónai

A tanulmány három menedzsment szak végzettjeinek a munkaerő-piaci karrierjét vizsgálja. A gazdaságtudományi és műszaki képzési területhez tartozó szakok (gazdálkodás és menedzsment, műszaki menedzser, humán erőforrás menedzser) az átlagos és több területen jó helyzetű szakokhoz és szakmákhoz tartoznak. A vizsgált szakmák társadalmi rekrutációja középosztálybeli. A munkaerő-piaci sikerességük, így például az elhelyezkedés időtartama, a foglalkoztatás szintje és a jövedelem alapján a kedvező pozíciójú szakmák közé tartoznak. Az egyetemen szerzett szaktudás illeszkedése a végzett munkához magasnak jónak mondható. Elégedettségük a munka különböző összetevőivel hasonlít a többi pályakezdő diplomáséhoz, leginkább a munka tartalmával elégedettek, kevésbé annak presztízsével és az elérhető jövedelemmel. A tanulmányban a Diplomás Pályakövető Rendszer 2011-es és 2012-es adatbázisát elemezzük.

Petr Reich, Zdeněk Rechtik, Ludmila Miklánková et al.

Life-style is an important part of human health. It is an essential part of physical, psychological and social health. In this part of the research are presented the results obtained in the Czech Republic: the volume and intensity of physical aktivity. Purpose: The aim of the research is comparison of the physical activity in the daily program between youth basketball players and regular adolescents in the Czech republic. The project " Health, Fitness and education in Visegrad Countries and neighboring Countries " is focused on mapping and comparison of selected aspects of lifestyle and somatic characteristics of adolescents from Visegrad and other European countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Ukraine). Methods: The Czech Republic participated in the project with 227 probands (144 boys, 83 girls), basketball players were 137 (93 boys, 44 girls) and 90 pupils from high-schools in the Czech Republic (51 boys, 39 girls). There was „Mezinárodní dotazník pohybové aktivity“ (IPAQ – International Physical Activity Questionnaire, short version) used to collect datas about physical activities. Results: There were not found significant differences between sexes in the number of days spent with physical activities. There were also not found significant differences between sexes in the level of physical activity per day. Conclusion: The results of the project will help not only to compare data on physical activity of adolescents in individual countries, but also to examine it in the context of the effectiveness of preventive measures in the participating countries.

Béla Kocán

PhD theses on Onomastics defended in 2014     The brief summaries and the most important data of onomastic PhD dissertations defended successfully at doctoral schools in Hungary are published regularly in Névtani Értesítő: year of completion, size, consultant, opponents, date of defence. – A copy of the dissertations can be found in the libraries of the respective universities. – The dissertation presented here: Kocán, Béla: A research on settlement names in the historic Comitatus of Ugocsa.

Sandra S. Padula

Multidimensional two-particle Bose-Einstein correlation functions of charged hadrons are reported for pp collisions at 2.76 and 7 TeV in terms of different components of the pair relative momentum, extending the previous one-dimensional (1-D) analyses of CMS. This allows for investigating the extension of the source accessible to the femtoscopic correlation technique in different directions, revealing a more detailed picture of the emitting source in these collisions at increasing energies. The measurements are performed for different intervals of the pair average transverse momentum, kT, and for increasing charged particle multiplicitiy, Nch. Results in 1-D, 2-D and 3-D show a decrease of the fit radius parameters with kT, whereas a clear rise with Nch is observed in all cases. In addition, the fit radius parameters at both energies show close similarity in size and behavior within the same intervals of (Nch,kT).