محمد علی تاجیک, فاطمه عزیزآبادی فراهانی, امیدعلی مسعودی
et al.
با پیشرفت فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات و همهگیرشدن خدمات ارائه بر پایۀ اینترنت اشیاء، واقعیت افزوده و غیره، اشکال مختلف ارتباطی تجمیع شد و ارتباط انسان با انسان، انسان با ماشین و ماشین با ماشین، عصر تراپیوستگی را شکل داد. در کشورهای توسعهیافته تمام نهادهای بر پایۀ ارتباط دوسویه همچون موزه، آن را پذیرفتند و ابزار ارتباطی خود مانند رسانههای اجتماعی را تراپیوسته کردند. حال برای استفادۀ بهینه از این شکل رسانه، طراحی الگویی برای مدیریت رسانههای اجتماعی در موزههای مذکور لازم بود. با عنایت به بدیعبودن موضوع، یافتن منابعی که ارتباط مستقیم با موضوع پژوهش داشتند بسیار دشوار شد لذا منابع علمی پژوهشی با موضوعات نزدیک شناسایی شد. برای جمعآوری منابع علمی پژوهشی از روش کتابخانهای بهره برده شده و با روش انتخاب سیلوا منابع غربال و از 137 منبع مقدماتی منتشرشده بین سالهای 2013 تا 2023 میلادی، با مطالعۀ مقدمه و نتایج منابع به 24 منبع علمی پژوهشی حاصل شد. برای توسعۀ مفاهیم و یافتن مؤلفههای مؤثر از روش مرور سیستماتیک به سراغ فراترکیب رفته و بدین منظور از تحلیل مضمون استفاده شده است. با توسعۀ مفاهیم و توسعۀ الگوی مفهومی؛ الگوی مدیریت رسانههای اجتماعی در موزههای تراپیوسته در پانزده گام ترسیم و در نهایت الگو با روش تجربه معتبرسازی شد. بدین منظور الگو در مؤسسۀ موزههای بنیاد در سه دوره از سال 1398 تا 1403 پیادهسازی و با توجه به افزایش چشمگیر و پیوسته جایگاه سایت اینترنتی و دنبالکنندگان صفحۀ اینستاگرام مؤسسه، اثربخشی قطعی و مستمر الگو و در نتیجه اعتبار آن به اثبات رسید.
Economic growth, development, planning, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology
María José González Dávila, Federico Fco. Pérez Garrido
Este artículo analiza el paisaje lingüístico del centro histórico de Cádiz en relación con los procesos de turistificación que transforman la ciudad. A partir de un corpus visual compuesto por fotografías tomadas por los autores, se examinan diversas manifestaciones que expresan formas de resistencia ante la mercantilización del espacio urbano. El estudio parte del enfoque crítico del PL como herramienta para observar las tensiones entre poder, identidad y uso del espacio público. Se demuestra que los mensajes analizados, lejos de ser anecdóticos o meramente decorativos, constituyen discursos sociales que denuncian la pérdida de vivienda, la transformación de barrios históricos y la expulsión de los residentes. El artículo concluye que el PL gaditano se convierte en un lugar de disputa simbólica donde se negocian sentidos de pertenencia y se desafían las lógicas del turismo global, revelando así el sentir colectivo de una ciudadanía que defiende su derecho a la ciudad.
The spread of toxic content on online platforms presents complex challenges that call for both theoretical insight and practical tools to test intervention strategies. In this novel research paper, we introduce a simulation-based framework that extends the classical SEIZ (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Skeptic) epidemic model to capture the dynamics of toxic message propagation. Our simulator incorporates active moderation mechanisms through two distinct variants: a basic moderator, which implements uniform, non-personalized interventions, and smart moderator, which leverages user-specific psychological profiles based on Dark Triad traits to apply personalized, threshold-driven moderation. By varying parameter configurations, the simulator allows for systematic exploration of how different moderation strategies influence user state transitions over time. Simulation results demonstrate that while generic interventions can curb toxicity under certain conditions, profile-aware moderation proves significantly more effective in limiting both the spread and persistence of toxic behavior. This simulation framework offers a flexible and extensible tool for studying and designing adaptive moderation strategies in complex online social systems.
Curt Stutsman, Eliot W. Robson, Abhishek K. Umrawal
In many real-world scenarios, an individual's local social network carries significant influence over the opinions they form and subsequently propagate. In this paper, we propose a novel diffusion model -- the Pressure Threshold model (PT) -- for dynamically simulating the spread of influence through a social network. This model extends the popular Linear Threshold (LT) model by adjusting a node's outgoing influence in proportion to the influence it receives from its activated neighbors. We examine the Influence Maximization (IM) problem under this framework, which involves selecting seed nodes that yield maximal graph coverage after a diffusion process, and describe how the problem manifests under the PT model. Experiments on real-world networks, supported by enhancements to the open-source network-diffusion library CyNetDiff, reveal that greedy IM under PT can yield seed sets distinct from those under LT. Furthermore, the analyses show that densely connected networks amplify pressure effects far more strongly than sparse networks.
Zhuoren Jiang, Xiaozhong Liu, Yangyang Kang
et al.
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 31, 2020. However, rumors of a "mysterious virus" had already been circulating in China in December 2019, possibly preceding the first confirmed COVID-19 case. Understanding how awareness about an emerging pandemic spreads through society is vital not only for enhancing disease surveillance, but also for mitigating demand shocks and social inequities, such as shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) and essential supplies. Here we leverage a massive e-commerce dataset comprising 150 billion online queries and purchase records from 94 million people to detect the traces of early awareness and public response during the cryptic transmission period of COVID-19. Our analysis focuses on identifying information gaps across different demographic cohorts, revealing significant social inequities and the role of cultural factors in shaping awareness diffusion and response behaviors. By modeling awareness diffusion in heterogeneous social networks and analyzing online shopping behavior, we uncover the evolving characteristics of vulnerable populations. Our findings expand the theoretical understanding of awareness spread and social inequality in the early stages of a pandemic, highlighting the critical importance of e-commerce data and social network data in effectively and timely addressing future pandemic challenges. We also provide actionable recommendations to better manage and mitigate dynamic social inequalities in public health crises.
To observe how individual behavior shapes a larger community's actions, agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) has been widely adopted by researchers in social sciences, economics, and epidemiology. While simulations can be run on general-purpose ABMS frameworks, these tools are not specifically designed for social networks and, therefore, provide limited features, increasing the effort required for complex simulations. In this paper, we introduce Crowd, a social network simulator that adopts the agent-based modeling methodology to model real-world phenomena within a network environment. Designed to facilitate easy and quick modeling, Crowd supports simulation setup through YAML configuration and enables further customization with user-defined methods. Other features include no-code simulations for diffusion tasks, interactive visualizations, data aggregation, and chart drawing facilities. Designed in Python, Crowd also supports generative agents and connects easily with Python's libraries for data analysis and machine learning. Finally, we include three case studies to illustrate the use of the framework, including generative agents in epidemics, influence maximization, and networked trust games.
Ismail Hossain, Md Jahangir Alam, Sai Puppala
et al.
Social media platforms are extensively used for sharing personal emotions, daily activities, and various life events, keeping people updated with the latest happenings. From the moment a user creates an account, they continually expand their network of friends or followers, freely interacting with others by posting, commenting, and sharing content. Over time, user behavior evolves based on demographic attributes and the networks they establish. In this research, we propose a predictive method to understand how a user evolves on social media throughout their life and to forecast the next stage of their evolution. We fine-tune a GPT-like decoder-only model (we named it E-GPT: Evolution-GPT) to predict the future stages of a user's evolution in online social media. We evaluate the performance of these models and demonstrate how user attributes influence changes within their network by predicting future connections and shifts in user activities on social media, which also addresses other social media challenges such as recommendation systems.
Sunny Rai, Khushang Jilesh Zaveri, Shreya Havaldar
et al.
Shame and pride are social emotions expressed across cultures to motivate and regulate people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. In this paper, we introduce the first cross-cultural dataset of over 10k shame/pride-related expressions, with underlying social expectations from ~5.4K Bollywood and Hollywood movies. We examine how and why shame and pride are expressed across cultures using a blend of psychology-informed language analysis combined with large language models. We find significant cross-cultural differences in shame and pride expression aligning with known cultural tendencies of the USA and India -- e.g., in Hollywood, shame-expressions predominantly discuss self whereas shame is expressed toward others in Bollywood. Women are more sanctioned across cultures and for violating similar social expectations.
Rachith Aiyappa, Matthew R. DeVerna, Manita Pote
et al.
Social media are utilized by millions of citizens to discuss important political issues. Politicians use these platforms to connect with the public and broadcast policy positions. Therefore, data from social media has enabled many studies of political discussion. While most analyses are limited to data from individual platforms, people are embedded in a larger information ecosystem spanning multiple social networks. Here we describe and provide access to the Indiana University 2022 U.S. Midterms Multi-Platform Social Media Dataset (MEIU22), a collection of social media posts from Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Reddit, and 4chan. MEIU22 links to posts about the midterm elections based on a comprehensive list of keywords and tracks the social media accounts of 1,011 candidates from October 1 to December 25, 2022. We also publish the source code of our pipeline to enable similar multi-platform research projects.
Research context: This article takes on the point of view that places the focus on the individual, despite belonging within a family group, and explores the concept of home as a space that contributes to the formation of an “individualized individual,” but that also takes into account the possible limits of this function of home.Objectives: This overview aims to define the concept of home to uncover all of its dimensions. Whether the spatial, temporal and relational dimensions of the home can be distinguished for the purposes of analysis, on the one hand, the article centres on how these dimensions interrelate intimately among the experiences of individuals to help form their personal identity, autonomy, self-empowerment and relationship to location or place (Simard and Savoie, 2009). On the other hand, these dimensions help to build groups and family relationships.Methodology: This article is based on a literature review and on the contributions to this issue to present the concept of home and the theoretical perspective gleaned.Results: In familial, marital and intergenerational cohabitation, the construct of home is played out in interactions with other family members, who have their own constructs and concepts of home. These constructs and concepts produce differentiated and sometimes asymmetrical relationships, as well as three different experiences of home. The first refers to personal spaces, my “home”; the second, to the rules and laws that govern a cohabitation and the space in which home is located. In this case, it is defined by a statutory and hierarchical aspect, and the individual has a place assigned by their status. This is designated as “our home.” The third is epitomized by belonging and by a place within a group or community where the individual is considered equal. This is belonging to our home. If the first “home” is the main factor in the process of individualization, so are the other two: one explains the boundaries of “home,” and the other, the individual's belonging within the group, notably the family. Conclusions: The question of home entails two aspects: the relationship with home of the sole inhabitant and the relationship with home of the inhabitant together with others. In this second aspect, a tension develops between the sense of autonomy and that of belonging to a group. Being a member of the group, interpreted as being in our home, has two dimensions: being assigned within our home and belonging to our home. In this sense, our home acts as a constraint on the concept of home, and the family seems to be a paradoxical validation of the individual. Thus, the family has a double function: to make it possible to be oneself (preferring personal spaces and validating individual dimensions of identity) and to acknowledge that each member belongs to the group and has a place in it. The limits to individualizing home become apparent when there is an imbalance among these three aspects of “home”: having personal space, being assigned within our home, and belonging to our home.Contribution: Home constitutes a valuable perspective in this construct, which links the past, present and future: having been, being and becoming. The iterative movement between home and identity is central to the formation of the individual and the family group.
Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, The family. Marriage. Woman
Pandemia COVID-19 wpłynęła na sytuację wielu rodzin. Wprowadzone ograniczenia w przemieszczaniu się, zamykanie się kolejnych granic zatrzymało ruch w obrębie istniejących szlaków komunikacyjnych. Młode osoby dorosłe, żyjące od niedawna na własną rękę – pracując i/lub studiując, tworząc związki intymne – znalazły się w sytuacji ponownego zamieszkania ze swoimi rodzicami, rodzeństwem, rodzinami.
Dla niektórych rodzin takie powroty mogą oznaczać poprawę jakości relacji, dla innych mogą być doświadczeniem trudnym i wymagającym. Wypracowanie sposobów poruszania się we wspólnej przestrzeni może okazać się wyzwaniem, podobnie jak powrót (jeśli nastąpił) do roli dziecka i roli rodzica zamieszkujących wspólne ognisko domowe „na nowo”.
Powroty i stojące za nimi motywacje, wywołane pandemią COVID-19, mają inny charakter niż powroty opisywane dotychczas. Charakterystyczny i wspólny jest ich nagły charakter oraz podobne sposoby racjonalizowania powrotu uwidaczniające się w obszarze: ekonomicznym, zdrowotnym (w rozumieniu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa najbliższym w obliczu sytuacji kryzysowej) oraz relacyjnym. Doświadczenie „powrotów covidowych” może jednak na stałe zmienić obraz wchodzenia w dorosłość, zwiększając otwartość na etap ponownego zamieszkania w domu rodzinnym. Niniejszy artykuł, dzięki prezentacji pięciu przypadków powrotu dzieci do domu na czas pandemii, przedstawia praktyki dostosowywania się do nowych sytuacji rodzinnych i nowych rozwiązań przestrzennych, odzwierciedlając jednocześnie różne warianty i skutki tymczasowego powrotu do sytuacji pełnego gniazda.
Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, Sociology (General)
تتناول هذه الدراسة الجهود التي قام بها آدم عبد الله الإلوري نحو الموازنات الأدبية التي تعتبر عن مهمة في النقد الأدبي العربي. وأستهلها بلمحة تعريفية عن نشأة عبد الله الإلوري وأعماله الفنية وغير الفنية، ثم أسلط الضوء على المنهج انتهجه في عملية الموازنة، وتم تقسيم موازناته من ناحية التطبيق إلى ثلاثة أقسام. الأول: الموازنة فيما انفرد به كل واحد أو طرف عن غيره، الثاني: الموازنة فيما كان طرف يفوق طرفا آخر، ويرجحه في المستوى العلمي والأدبي، الثالث: الموازنة فيما يتساوى فيه الطرفان أو الاثنان، بحيث لا يستطيع أحدهما أن يدّعي المفاضلة أو الترجيح. وفي هذا العمل نستشهد بالأمثلة الملائمة مع ربط هذا الاستشهاد بالمراجع والمصادر الخارجية والداخلية. والله يوفقنا إلى الصواب.
This paper aims to study the ideas employed by Adam Abdullah Al-Iloriy in carrying out the literary criticism themes in Arabic. Detailed biography of the author with his literary and scientific works was documented while light was shed into his works which are sub-divided into three; a) wreath self-balancing; b) literary works competition whereby the scientific and literary proofs were cited; and c) literary balancing between two or more literature. This study established appropriate examples to prove the works capability for international recognition as the art of literary balancing is concerned.
Luciana Oliveira, Arminda Sequeira, Adriana Oliveira
et al.
The outburst and proliferation of the COVID-19 pandemic, together with the subsequent social distancing measures, have raised massive challenges in almost all domains of public and private life around the globe. The stay-at-home movement has pushed the news audiences into social networks, which, in turn, has become the most prolific field for receiving and sharing news updates, as well as for public expression of opinions, concerns and feelings about the pandemic. Public opinion is a critical aspect in analysing how the information and events impact peoples lives, and research has shown that social media data may be promising in understanding how people respond to health risks and social crisis, which are the feelings they tend to share and how they are adapting to unforeseen circumstances that threaten almost all societal spheres. This paper presents results from a social media analysis of 61532 news headlines posted by the major daily news outlet in Portugal, Sic Noticias, on Facebook, from January to December 2020, focusing on the issues attention cycle and audiences emotional response to the COVID news outburst. This work adds to the emergent body of studies examining public response to the coronavirus pandemic on social media data.
Online social network has been one of the most important platforms for viral marketing. Most of existing researches about diffusion of adoptions of new products on networks are about one diffusion. That is, only one piece of information about the product is spread on the network. However, in fact, one product may have multiple features and the information about different features may spread independently in social network. When a user would like to purchase the product, he would consider all of the features of the product comprehensively not just consider one. Based on this, we propose a novel problem, multi-feature budgeted profit maximization (MBPM) problem, which first considers budgeted profit maximization under multiple features propagation of one product. Given a social network with each node having an activation cost and a profit, MBPM problem seeks for a seed set with expected cost no more than the budget to make the total expected profit as large as possible. We consider MBPM problem under the adaptive setting, where seeds are chosen iteratively and next seed is selected according to current diffusion results. We study adaptive MBPM problem under two models, oracle model and noise model. The oracle model assumes conditional expected marginal profit of any node could be obtained in O(1) time and a (1-1/e) expected approximation policy is proposed. Under the noise model, we estimate conditional expected marginal profit of a node by modifying the EPIC algorithm and propose an efficient policy, which could return a (1-exp(ε-1)) expected approximation ratio. Several experiments are conducted on six realistic datasets to compare our proposed policies with their corresponding non-adaptive algorithms and some heuristic adaptive policies. Experimental results show efficiencies and superiorities of our policies.
Widespread conspiracy theories, like those motivating anti-vaccination attitudes or climate change denial, propel collective action and bear society-wide consequences. Yet, empirical research has largely studied conspiracy theory adoption as an individual pursuit, rather than as a socially mediated process. What makes users join communities endorsing and spreading conspiracy theories? We leverage longitudinal data from 56 conspiracy communities on Reddit to compare individual and social factors determining which users join the communities. Using a quasi-experimental approach, we first identify 30K future conspiracists-(FC) and 30K matched non-conspiracists-(NC). We then provide empirical evidence of importance of social factors across six dimensions relative to the individual factors by analyzing 6 million Reddit comments and posts. Specifically in social factors, we find that dyadic interactions with members of the conspiracy communities and marginalization outside of the conspiracy communities, are the most important social precursors to conspiracy joining-even outperforming individual factor baselines. Our results offer quantitative backing to understand social processes and echo chamber effects in conspiratorial engagement, with important implications for democratic institutions and online communities.
Carmen Isabel Hernández Rivera, Noelia Erlinda Cea Navas, Alixon Enrique Pacheco Interiano
et al.
La acuicultura puede ser delimitada como una acción o rubro mercantil alternativo, en cuanto a la crianza de recursos hidrobiológicos, denominados de igual manera como peces, crustáceos, moluscos y vegetación acuática, en ambientes totalmente discordantes en relación a los naturales, en donde las variables físicas y químicas pueden ser relativamente controlables, con el objetivo de sustituir y perfeccionar las condiciones mediante las cuales estos organismos puedan satisfacer sus necesidades como si estuvieran en ambientes particularmente normales. La acuicultura a nivel mundial figura como una de las actividades con mayor utilización de los recursos hídricos en el cual se debe apostar por la implementación de sistemas que supongan un ahorro de agua. Este estudio fue realizado en las instalaciones del Laboratorio de Investigaciones Marinas y Acuícolas (LIMA) de la UNAN-León, con la intención de comparar dos diferentes sistemas de cultivo (Monocultivo y Policultivo), que permitieran evaluar la capacidad de filtración del pepino de mar (Isostichopus fuscus) sobre la materia orgánica producida en cultivos de tilapia gris (Oreochromis sp), obteniendo como resultados de la investigación 453.0 mg/L02 de materia orgánica, 0.32 mg/Lt de materia en suspensión, 6.29 mgNH3-N/L (Nitrógeno Amoniacal), 43.35 mg N02 -IL (Nitrito) y 18.4 mg N03/L (Nitrato) para el sistema de policultivo; por otro lado se obtuvieron datos de 512 mg/L02 de materia orgánica, 4.48 mg/Lt de materia en suspensión, 17.02 mgNH3-N/L, 26.90 mg N02 -IL, 33.87 mg NO3/L para el sistema de monocultivo, denotando así la efectividad del pepino de mar (Isostichopus fuscus) sobre el objeto de estudio.
Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, Social sciences (General)