Hasil untuk "History of the arts"

علي عبد الهادي عبد الامير

         تمثل العلاقات العامة احد الأنشطة الاتصالية التي تسعى الى أحداث التغيير الايجابي في مواقف واتجاهات الجمهور وبناء سمعة المؤسسات والصورة الذهنية الايجابية عن الأداء المؤسسي لمختلف المؤسسات .بالاعتماد على أدوات وخطط وبرامج وحملات تنفذها بشكل دائم ومستمر وتستعين بمختلف الوسائل الاتصالية ومنها مواقع الانترنت ومنصات التواصل الاجتماعي وخلال أزمة كوفيد التي اعتبرت بانها أزمة صحية دولية ، لما لها من مساس بمستوى الصحة العام لمختلف المجتمعات ظهرت الحاجة الى ضرورة تبني أنشطة العلاقات العامة لبناء مستوى من  الوعي والفهم لدى الجمهور وعلى هذا الأساس ظهرت مجموعة من البحوث العلمية التي تناولت أنشطة العلاقات العامة بالبحث وتقديم وصف علمي دقيق عن أدوارها في مواجهة الأزمة مما شكل تراث علمي تراكمي خلال السنوات التي استغرقتها من خلال بحث جوانب عدة من المتغيرات المرتبطة بالعلاقات العامة وخاصة توظيف الانترنت ومنصات التواصل الاجتماعي ،ومن هذا المنطلق جاء هذا البحث ليتناول عدد منا البحوث العلمية المنشورة والرسائل ذات الصلة بالعلاقات العامة وجهودها في مواجهة ازمة كورونا ولقد توصلت عدة نتائج من اهمها كانت: 1.ادت العلاقات العامة دور ايجابي على مستوى نشر الوعي بالارشادات الصحية الواجب اتباعها من قبل الجمهور لتفادي خطر الاصابة بفيروس كوفيد (19). 2.أسهمت الادوات الاتصالية المتكاملة في مواجهة الازمة من برامج وحملات ومواقع الانترنت ومنصات التواصل الاجتماعي بالشكل الذي اسهم في بناء التفاعل الايجابي مع الجمهور.      

James M Jones, D. Barham, Martin S. Gross et al.

L. Quilley, V. Lapparent, M. Baes et al.

The background galaxies in Euclid Early Release Observation images of the Perseus cluster make up a remarkable sample for the combination of a 0.57 deg2 area, 25.3 and 23.2 AB mag depth, and angular resolutions in the optical and near-infrared bands of and , respectively. As part of the effort towards characterising the history of the Hubble sequence, we performed a morphological analysis of 2445 and 12,786 galaxies with IEłe21 and IEłe23, respectively. We used single-Sérsic profiles and the sums of a Sérsic bulge and an exponential disc to model these galaxies with ;;0.1 ;;0.3 SourceXtractor++ and analysed their positional, structural, and flux parameters in order to assess their similarities and differences. The fitted galaxies to IEłe21 span the various Hubble types with ubiquitous bulge and disc components and a bulge-to-total light ratio (B/T) that takes all values from 0 to 1. The effective radius of the single-Sérsic profile is an intermediate estimate of galaxy size (between the bulge and disc effective radii) depending on B/T. The axis ratio of the single-Sérsic profile is higher than the disc axis ratio, and this difference increases with B/T. The type of model impacts the photometry with -0.08 to 0.01 mag median systematic offsets between single-Sérsic and bulge-disc total magnitudes and a 0.05 to 0.15 mag dispersion from low to high B/T. We measured a median 0.3 mag bulge-disc colour difference in rest-frame M_g - M_i that originates from the disc-dominated galaxies, whereas bulge-dominated galaxies have median colours similar to those of their components. Remarkably, we also measured redder inside disc colour gradients based on 5 to 10% systematic variations of disc effective radii between the optical and near-infrared bands. This analysis demonstrates the usefulness and limitations of single-Sérsic profile modelling and the power of bulge-disc decomposition for characterising the morphology of lenticulars and spirals in Euclid images. We make available the catalogues of best-fit parameters for the morphological and SED fits.

R. Hershberger, M. Givertz, Carolyn Y. Ho et al.

Dustin Edwards, Z. Cooper, Mél Hogan

In this article, the authors demonstrate how the data center has become a key site, object, and metaphor for interdisciplinary scholarship of the internet. While the data center is a fabrication of engineering, computer science, and cognate fields, it has been the critical gaze of scholars outside of those industries. Together, this scholarship has established the field of Critical Data Center Studies. Critiques of the data center – often thought of more generally as ‘internet infrastructure’, and more evocatively as ‘the cloud’ – have emerged from the social sciences, humanities, journalism, and the arts. The authors do this by answering questions about the current social, cultural, political, and environmental landscapes of the data center. Scrutiny of the foundational imaginaries of the internet, real estate deals by Big Tech, the industry’s enabling policies, their connections to energy and other public infrastructure – among many other factors – serves, at the very least, to situate the data center as a media object, as more than simply a material infrastructure, as more than data warehouse, and as more than ‘the cloud’. Further to this, the authors reflect on how the data center has been and continues to be studied, and why critical interventions have been so fruitful within a vast array of disciplines – from history and anthropology, to media studies, information studies, and science & technology studies – for shifting the focus from questions of infrastructural visibility to questions that weave together concerns of efficiency, policy, popular culture, and planetary devastation.

Jessica Peña Torres

In the original publication (Peña Torres 2024), (Belliveau and Lea 2016) was not cited and its related reference was also omitted [...]

Donald C. Chang

Science is about facts and truth. Yet sometimes the truth and facts are not obvious. For example, in the field of MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), there has been a long-lasting debate about who were the major contributors in its development. Particularly, there was a strong dispute between the followers of two scientists, R. Damadian and P. Lauterbur. In this review, we carefully trace the major developments in applying NMR for cancer detection starting almost 50 years ago. The research records show that the truth was beyond the claims of either research camps. The development of NMR for cancer detection involved multiple research groups, who made critical contributions at different junctures.

Adam Kucharski

Polski ksiądz, kanonik smoleński, Ignacy Hrebnicki, pochodził z litewskiej rodziny szlacheckiej. Pozostawił ciekawą pamiątkę historyczną, którą jest dziennik podróży do Włoch z lat 1788-1790. Duchowni z terenów polsko-litewskiej Rzeczypospolitej napisali wiele relacji z podróży na kapituły generalne swoich zgromadzeń zakonnych. Dziennik podróży Hrebnickiego ma jednak inny charakter. Jest zapisem drogi do Rzymu. Zawiera także odniesienia do kultu męczennika Andrzeja Boboli. Hrebnicki darzył tego zmarłego jezuitę wielką czcią i zabiegał u papieża o jego beatyfikację. Podkreśla w swoim pamiętniku własne, liczne inicjatywy szerzenia kultu tego męczennika w czasie tej podróży. Pisał na jego cześć wiersze i modlitwy oraz rozdawał obrazki z jego wizerunkiem.

M. Sheppard, A. Wal, J. Banner et al.

Cardiomyopathies (CMP) comprise a heterogenous group of diseases affecting primarily the myocardium, either genetic and/or acquired in origin. While many classification systems have been proposed in the clinical setting, there is no internationally agreed pathological consensus concerning the diagnostic approach to inherited CMP at autopsy. A document on autopsy diagnosis of CMP is needed because the complexity of the pathologic backgrounds requires proper insight and expertise. In cases presenting with cardiac hypertrophy and/or dilatation/scarring with normal coronary arteries, a suspicion of inherited CMP must be considered, and a histological examination is essential. Establishing the actual cause of the disease may require a number of tissue-based and/or fluid-based investigations, be it histological, ultrastructural, or molecular. A history of illicit drug use must be looked for. Sudden death is frequently the first manifestation of disease in case of CMP, especially in the young. Also, during routine clinical or forensic autopsies, a suspicion of CMP may arise based on clinical data or pathological findings at autopsy. It is thus a challenge to make a diagnosis of a CMP at autopsy. The pathology report should provide the relevant data and a cardiac diagnosis which can help the family in furthering investigations, including genetic testing in case of genetic forms of CMP. With the explosion in molecular testing and the concept of the molecular autopsy, the pathologist should use strict criteria in the diagnosis of CMP, and helpful for clinical geneticists and cardiologists who advise the family as to the possibility of a genetic disease.

C. Gillmann, M. Way, G. Avice et al.

This work reviews the long-term evolution of the atmosphere of Venus, and modulation of its composition by interior/exterior cycling. The formation and evolution of Venus’s atmosphere, leading to contemporary surface conditions, remain hotly debated topics, and involve questions that tie into many disciplines. We explore these various inter-related mechanisms which shaped the evolution of the atmosphere, starting with the volatile sources and sinks. Going from the deep interior to the top of the atmosphere, we describe volcanic outgassing, surface-atmosphere interactions, and atmosphere escape. Furthermore, we address more complex aspects of the history of Venus, including the role of Late Accretion impacts, how magnetic field generation is tied into long-term evolution, and the implications of geochemical and geodynamical feedback cycles for atmospheric evolution. We highlight plausible end-member evolutionary pathways that Venus could have followed, from accretion to its present-day state, based on modeling and observations. In a first scenario, the planet was desiccated by atmospheric escape during the magma ocean phase. In a second scenario, Venus could have harbored surface liquid water for long periods of time, until its temperate climate was destabilized and it entered a runaway greenhouse phase. In a third scenario, Venus’s inefficient outgassing could have kept water inside the planet, where hydrogen was trapped in the core and the mantle was oxidized. We discuss existing evidence and future observations/missions required to refine our understanding of the planet’s history and of the complex feedback cycles between the interior, surface, and atmosphere that have been operating in the past, present or future of Venus.

Natsuki Okabe, Airi Takahashi, Yumi Shigemoto et al.

Purpose: To investigate the distribution of visual acuity, refractive error, and axial length in 8-year-old children who participated in an additional survey in Yamanashi Prefecture of the Japan Environmental Children’s Study (hereafter referred to as JECS-Y) conducted from 2019 to 2021. Participants and Methods: Eight-year-old children who participated in the JECS-Y study were subjected to noncycloplegic measurements of refractive error and axial length. If the uncorrected visual acuity was less than 20/20, the best corrected visual acuity was evaluated in accordance with the autorefraction data. A questionnaire was administered regarding the parent’s history of eyeglass wear or contact lens use. Results: Among the 400 participating children, the rate of uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better in both eyes was 70.4%. The mean equivalent spherical equivalent error for both eyes was −0.366 ± 1.016 D. The mean axial length was 23.08 ± 0.225 mm in all patients. The males showed significantly longer axial length than the females despite no differences in body height. There was a significant correlation between axial length, spherical refractive, and uncorrected visual acuity. The children of parents with a history of wearing eyeglasses or contact lenses showed a significantly more myopic equivalent refractive error than those without a history. Conclusions: This study clarified the current state of refractive error in 8-year-old children and the association of inheritance with refractive error. In addition, the axials were significantly longer in male patients.

Metin Kaya

It is understood that the cornucopia motif, which originated in Ancient Greece, has influenced the art of many civilizations until today, especially the Roman, Byzantine, early Islamic, European and Ottoman (especially the early 18th-early 20th century ranges) artworks and it was used for the same meaning and purpose since the beginning. In addition, the studies revealed that the description of this motif as empty or full does not cause any difference in meaning, however, it is generally depicted as filled with fruits. In this article, we have identified the cornucopia motifs in the aniconic decoration of the wall paintings of nine rock churches and a rock-cut monastery monk cell, which we have examined in detail with their definitions and descriptions, and different usage examples in Byzantine art connected to their chronological framework. In addition to all these, regarding the examples we have encountered in the region, we have also emphasized how the cornucopia motif is positioned in the buildings, its decoration features, its sacred and symbolic meanings, and the relationship between architecture and art.

Nicoletta Rozza

Lettura di Iacopo Sannazaro tra latino e volgare. Atti del Convegno di Studi in ricordo di Marco Santagata (Pisa, 8-9 luglio 2021), cur. M. Landi, M. Riccucci, Pisa, Pisa University Press, 2023, pp. 315, ISBN 978-88-3339-763-4.

Barbara Rodziewicz, Klaudia Koczur-Lejk

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie działalności twórczej malarza emigracyjnego Klemensa Rodziewicza w świetle jego listów do Józefa Ignacego Kraszewskiego. Analizie poddano 137 autografów z lat 1858–1881. W analizowanej korespondencji autor poświęca wiele miejsca swojej pracy, opisom wykonywanych dzieł i stosowanych technik artystycznych, doskonalenia umiejętności. Oddzielną część stanowią fragmenty dotyczące relacji biznesowych malarza z pisarzem. Zaprezentowany materiał archiwalny pozwala zgłębić tajniki warsztatu malarza-kopisty i poznać okoliczności towarzyszące wykonywaniu oddzielnych dzieł, dlatego stanowi punkt wyjścia do szerszych badań nad sytuacją i działalnością twórczą polskich dziewiętnastowiecznych artystów emigracyjnych.

Cristina Bienvenida Martínez García

Review about Iván Rega Castro and Borja Franco Llopis´new book; Imágenes del islam y fiesta pública en la corte portuguesa. De la Unión Ibérica al terremoto de Lisboa, (Gijón: Ediciones Trea, 2021), 198 págs., (ISBN 978–84-18105–46 3).

Soheila Rostami , Wrya Hafidi , Mehrangiz Roustaie

Common law as something accepted by the rule of wisdom found in the very self of humans formed the earliest type of the legal systems of societies. In most of the legal systems of the world, common law is known as one of the most important resources and is of high significance. Most of the Islamic jurisprudents agree on the authority of common law as an independent or dependent reason or proof. In this regard, the jurisprudents have referred to reasons of the Book (Holy Quran), the Tradition (Sunna), and wisdom. Family laws are included as the most potential fields for the common law to play a significant role in updating the rules and placing them in the right path of recognizing the required components. Thus, by applying a descriptive-analytical method, the present study attempts at studying the function of common law in laws related to the family through investigating the nature, range of inclusion, and legitimacy of common law among the jurisprudents of different Islamic schools and sects as well as studying the opponents’ reasons for its documentary authority

Devi Fauziyah Ma’rifat, Suyami Suyami, Ninawati Syahrul et al.

The construction of Harmonious Life is a value which has been practiced by the Malay community since long ago. This context can be viewed and found in the scroll text of Sang Nila Utama Museum’s collection in Riau Province. This study aims to explain and reflect on the construction of harmonization values that exist within the Riau Malay community. To explore harmonious life construction values in the manuscripts of the Riau Malay community, this study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The result of this study shows that the construction of harmonious life in the Malaya Riau community manuscripts refers to three contexts; First, transcendental values foster compassion for the Creator. The second consists of values that are transactional in the context of blessed commerce. The third refers to relational values to maintain human relations in interacting and communicating. It can be concluded from these three contexts that the construction of harmonious life in the manuscripts of the Riau Malay community does not only emphasize transcendental-based values but also accommodates communal values.

Gert Aarts

Out of the many exciting results obtained with the lattice approach to QCD under extreme conditions, I discuss a few selected items related to chiral symmetry: the chiral condensate as an approximate order parameter, meson screening masses, and masses of baryons and mesons, including D(s) mesons, when approaching the crossover from the hadronic side.

Diederik Aerts

In this article we solve this ancient problem of perfect tuning in all keys and present a system were all harmonies are conserved at once. It will become clear, when we expose our solution, why this solution could not be found in the way in which earlier on musicians and scientist have been approaching the problem. We follow indeed a different approach. We first construct a mathematical representation of the complete harmony by means of a vector space, where the different tones are represented in complete harmonic way for all keys at once. One of the essential differences with earlier systems is that tones will no longer be ordered within an octave, and we find the octave-like ordering back as a projection of our system. But it is exactly by this projection procedure that the possibility to create a harmonic system for all keys at once is lost. So we see why the old way of ordering tones within an octave could not lead to a solution of the problem. We indicate in which way a real musical instrument could be built that realizes our harmonic scheme. Because tones are no longer ordered within an octave such a musical instrument will be rather unconventional. It is however a physically realizable musical instrument, at least for the Pythagorean harmony. We also indicate how perfect harmonies of every dimension could be realized by computers.