Hasil untuk "Visual arts"

Giedrė Mickūnaitė

Europos šiaurėje Viduramžiai žymi pradžią nacionalinių istorijų, kuriose pirmą kartą paminėti etnonimai, vietovardžiai, asmenvardžiai, aprašyti įvykiai ir suformuoti pasakojimai, susiję su gamtiniu ir kultūriniu kraštovaizdžiu, moderniais laikais klojo pamatus valstybių istorijoms. Šių procesų išdava yra ir vadinamoji „kunigaikščių Lietuva“, pastaraisiais šimtmečiais maitinusi istorinę vaizduotę, didaktiką, iš dalies ir istorijos politiką. Tik XX a. pabaigoje šiuos prieštaravimų nepripažįstančius ir veikiausiai nepažįstančius didžiuosius pasakojimus imta skaidyti, į mokslo apyvartą įtraukiant kasdienį gyvenimą fiksavusius šaltinius, medžiaginės kultūros tyrimų duomenis, bet visų pirma keliant klausimus ir pasitelkiant tarpdalykines tyrimų prieigas. Taip dabartinė medievistika Viduramžių Europoje atrado miestietišką gyvenseną, moteriškąjį maldingumą, nuolatinį nepriteklių ir proginį perteklių, inžinerinę mintį, kenčiantį kūną ir kultūriškai ugdomą žvilgsnį. Permąstoma Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės (toliau – LDK) praeitis tapo paskata peržiūrėti dailės istorijos pasakojimą, visų pirma jį praplečiant ir papildant pastarųjų dešimtmečių tyrimais. Prieš dešimtmetį VDA Dailėtyros institute, aptariant LDK dailės ir architektūros tyrimų būklę, buvo sumanyta parengti naują Lietuvos dailės istoriją, kuri turėjo prasidėti nuo tomo, skirto krikščioniškiems LDK Viduramžiams. Optimistinį sumanymą skatino palyginti trumpas, XIV a. pabaiga – XVI a. pradžia apribotas laikotarpis, negausiai išlikę objektai, gausėjantys archeologinių ir natūros tyrimų duomenys. Tuokart apsispręsta aptarti medžiaginės kultūros šakas ir taip padėti pamatus tyrimų sintezei. Dešimtmetį brandintas sumanymas ne tik pateikė naujas tyrimų apžvalgas, bet ir išryškino spragas, netolygumus ir tyrėjų stoką probleminę dailės istorijos sintezę paversdamas ne konkrečiu planu, o ateities lūkesčiu.

Abhijay Ghildyal, Li-Yun Wang, Feng Liu

Wölfflin's five principles offer a structured approach to analyzing stylistic variations for formal analysis. However, no existing metric effectively predicts all five principles in visual art. Computationally evaluating the visual aspects of a painting requires a metric that can interpret key elements such as color, composition, and thematic choices. Recent advancements in vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated their ability to evaluate abstract image attributes, making them promising candidates for this task. In this work, we investigate whether CLIP, pre-trained on large-scale data, can understand and predict Wölfflin's principles. Our findings indicate that it does not inherently capture such nuanced stylistic elements. To address this, we fine-tune CLIP on annotated datasets of real art images to predict a score for each principle. We evaluate our model, WP-CLIP, on GAN-generated paintings and the Pandora-18K art dataset, demonstrating its ability to generalize across diverse artistic styles. Our results highlight the potential of VLMs for automated art analysis.

Amit Kumar Das, Klaus Mueller

Misleading visualizations pose a significant challenge to accurate data interpretation. While recent research has explored the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for detecting such misinformation, practical tools that also support explanation and correction remain limited. We present MisVisFix, an interactive dashboard that leverages both Claude and GPT models to support the full workflow of detecting, explaining, and correcting misleading visualizations. MisVisFix correctly identifies 96% of visualization issues and addresses all 74 known visualization misinformation types, classifying them as major, minor, or potential concerns. It provides detailed explanations, actionable suggestions, and automatically generates corrected charts. An interactive chat interface allows users to ask about specific chart elements or request modifications. The dashboard adapts to newly emerging misinformation strategies through targeted user interactions. User studies with visualization experts and developers of fact-checking tools show that MisVisFix accurately identifies issues and offers useful suggestions for improvement. By transforming LLM-based detection into an accessible, interactive platform, MisVisFix advances visualization literacy and supports more trustworthy data communication.

Nikolaos Tsagkas, Andreas Sochopoulos, Duolikun Danier et al.

The integration of pre-trained visual representations (PVRs) has significantly advanced visuomotor policy learning. However, effectively leveraging these models remains a challenge. We identify temporal entanglement as a critical, inherent issue when using these time-invariant models in sequential decision-making tasks. This entanglement arises because PVRs, optimised for static image understanding, struggle to represent the temporal dependencies crucial for visuomotor control. In this work, we quantify the impact of temporal entanglement, demonstrating a strong correlation between a policy's success rate and the ability of its latent space to capture task-progression cues. Based on these insights, we propose a simple, yet effective disentanglement baseline designed to mitigate temporal entanglement. Our empirical results show that traditional methods aimed at enriching features with temporal components are insufficient on their own, highlighting the necessity of explicitly addressing temporal disentanglement for robust visuomotor policy learning.

Divendar Murtadak, Yoon Kim, Trilokya Akula

This study investigates whether diagnostic prompting can improve Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) reliability for visual complexity assessment of Amazon Search Results Pages (SRP). We compare diagnostic prompting with standard gestalt principles-based prompting using 200 Amazon SRP pages and human expert annotations. Diagnostic prompting showed notable improvements in predicting human complexity judgments, with F1-score increasing from 0.031 to 0.297 (+858\% relative improvement), though absolute performance remains modest (Cohen's $κ$ = 0.071). The decision tree revealed that models prioritize visual design elements (badge clutter: 38.6\% importance) while humans emphasize content similarity, suggesting partial alignment in reasoning patterns. Failure case analysis reveals persistent challenges in MLLM visual perception, particularly for product similarity and color intensity assessment. Our findings indicate that diagnostic prompting represents a promising initial step toward human-aligned MLLM-based evaluation, though failure cases with consistent human-MLLM disagreement require continued research and refinement in prompting approaches with larger ground truth datasets for reliable practical deployment.

Yoshiharu Tsuyuki, Xianqi Li, Yuji Kurihara et al.

Permanent Data Encoding (PDE) is a visual language framework designed for long-term, human-readable, and electrically independent knowledge preservation. By encoding semantic content into compact 2-3 character alphanumeric codes, paired with public dictionaries and rule-based expansion structures, PDE enables information to be visually interpreted and logically reconstructed without reliance on digital systems. Unlike QR codes or binary data, PDE offers a transparent and self-contained method of encoding meaning. This paper outlines the PDE syntax, dictionary protocol, use cases in disaster resilience and AI integration, and its implications as a cross-generational semantic infrastructure.

Mario Alejandro Sánchez Rivera

Este artículo analiza la obra "Disease Thrower #2" de Guadalupe Maravilla a través de los conceptos de juego, símbolo y fiesta de Hans-Georg Gadamer. Maravilla, un artista salvadoreño, fusiona sus experiencias migratorias y de padecimiento corporal, especialmente su batalla contra el cáncer, en una expresión artística interactiva y terapéutica. La obra, centrada en un santuario con gongs y objetos rituales, busca la participación del espectador, convirtiéndolo en co-creador. Gadamer argumenta que el juego es esencial en la experiencia artística, y la fiesta representa la comunidad en su forma más completa. La función simbólica de la obra, la interactividad lúdica y la creación de una temporalidad plena destacan su carácter como evento social y transformador. En conjunto, la obra desafía las categorías tradicionales del arte al fusionar lo simbólico, lúdico y festivo en una experiencia multisensorial.

Oleg Shevchenko / Олег Константинович Шевченко, Anna Dorofeeva / Анна Андреевна Дорофеева

The article, based on a mythopoetic approach, examines several lines of wines from the Alma Valley producer. The authors do a lot of work to identify the mythopoetic elements of the Alma terroir from Antiquity to the nineteenth century, from Scythian settlements to the Battle of Alma. Thus, they consider it possible to give a high mythopoetic assessment of the “Scythian Gold” wine series. But the authors also note a number of inconsistencies between this wine branding and its type. It is proposed to strengthen the historical and mythological component of the brand, more clearly drawing the lines of relationship between the character of the wine and the label design, grape variety and the general idea of the series. Analyzing the series of wines “Seasons” (PIN AP), the authors emphasize the exceptional success of positioning the product in the gender and age segment of the consumer market but conclude that this move cannot be the main one for the philosophy of Alma Valley wines. Particular attention was paid to the “Alma.X” series and the search for the most appropriate mythopoetic line for the original wines, which are the result of bold experiments by Alma Valley specialists. В статье на основе мифопоэтического подхода рассматривается несколько линеек вин производителя Alma Valley. Авторы проводят большую работу по выявлению мифопоэтических элементов терруара Альмы от Античности до девятнадцатого века, от скифских городищ до Альминского сражения. Таким образом, они считают возможным дать высокою мифопоэтическую оценку серии вина «Золото скифов». Но авторы отмечают и ряд несоответствий между данным брендированием вина и его видом. Предлагается усилить историко-мифологическую составляющую бренда, более четко проводя линии взаимосвязи между характером вина и дизайном этикетки, сортом винограда и общей идеей серии. Анализируя серию вин «Времена года» (ПИН АП), авторы подчеркивают исключительную удачность позиционирования продукта в гендерно-возрастном сегменте рынка потребителей, но делают вывод, что этот ход не может являться магистральным для философии вин Alma Valley. Особое внимание было уделено серии «Альма.Икс» и поиску наиболее соответствующей мифопоэтической линии для оригинальных вин, являющихся результатом смелых экспериментов специалистов Alma Valley.

María-Martha-Margarita Silva-González, Liliana Beatriz Sosa-Compeán

En este artículo de investigación, se realiza la exploración del potencial del diseño de los artefactos para generar complejidad en grupos sociales. El estudio se hizo por medio de revisión teórica y su reinterpretación al campo del estudio; el objetivo es evidenciar cómo ciertos objetos de diseño tienen capacidad de detonar cohesión y consolidar grupos o comunidades. Los objetos aquí estudiados son los llamados simuladores para combate y recreación histórica, que se usan en las actividades de reconstrucción histórica de los llamados Grupos de Recreación Histórica Experimental Lúdicos (GRHEL), tales como softcombat, juego de rol en vivo (LARP) y arqueología experimental. Para abordar este tema, primeramente se caracterizan a los GRHEL como Sistemas complejos adaptativos (SCA), ya que este marco teórico referencial resulta útil para entender cómo las interacciones simples entre los agentes que los integran (en este caso, personas y artefactos), se traducen en la creación de una red de complejidad adaptativa. Esta red permite a estos grupos consolidarse y evolucionar para realizar actividades cada vez más especializadas. Se concluye que el diseño y características de los artefactos simuladores para el combate y recreación histórica sí potencializan la complejidad de los grupos porque permiten el desarrollo de actividades que intensifican las interacciones y su uso aporta significados y comunicación entre los agentes miembros de los grupos.

Saebom Leem, Hyunseok Seo

Vision Transformer(ViT) is one of the most widely used models in the computer vision field with its great performance on various tasks. In order to fully utilize the ViT-based architecture in various applications, proper visualization methods with a decent localization performance are necessary, but these methods employed in CNN-based models are still not available in ViT due to its unique structure. In this work, we propose an attention-guided visualization method applied to ViT that provides a high-level semantic explanation for its decision. Our method selectively aggregates the gradients directly propagated from the classification output to each self-attention, collecting the contribution of image features extracted from each location of the input image. These gradients are additionally guided by the normalized self-attention scores, which are the pairwise patch correlation scores. They are used to supplement the gradients on the patch-level context information efficiently detected by the self-attention mechanism. This approach of our method provides elaborate high-level semantic explanations with great localization performance only with the class labels. As a result, our method outperforms the previous leading explainability methods of ViT in the weakly-supervised localization task and presents great capability in capturing the full instances of the target class object. Meanwhile, our method provides a visualization that faithfully explains the model, which is demonstrated in the perturbation comparison test.

Stephen James Krol, Maria Teresa Llano, Matthew Butler et al.

Music has been identified as a promising medium to enhance the accessibility and experience of visual art for people who are blind or have low vision (BLV). However, composing music and designing soundscapes for visual art is a time-consuming, resource intensive process - limiting its scalability for large exhibitions. In this paper, we investigate the use of automated soundscapes to increase the accessibility of visual art. We built a prototype system and ran a qualitative study to evaluate the aesthetic experience provided by the automated soundscapes with 10 BLV participants. From the study, we identified a set of design considerations that reveal requirements from BLV people for the development of automated soundscape systems, setting new directions in which creative systems could enrich the aesthetic experience conveyed by these.

Luca Traini, Jessica Leone, Giovanni Stilo et al.

Analysis of microservices' performance is a considerably challenging task due to the multifaceted nature of these systems. Each request to a microservices system might raise several Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) to services deployed on different servers and/or containers. Existing distributed tracing tools leverage swimlane visualizations as the primary means to support performance analysis of microservices. These visualizations are particularly effective when it is needed to investigate individual end-to-end requests' performance behaviors. Still, they are substantially limited when more complex analyses are required, as when understanding the system-wide performance trends is needed. To overcome this limitation, we introduce vamp, an innovative visual analytics tool that enables, at once, the performance analysis of multiple end-to-end requests of a microservices system. Vamp was built around the idea that having a wide set of interactive visualizations facilitates the analyses of the recurrent characteristics of requests and their relation w.r.t. the end-to-end performance behavior. Through an evaluation of 33 datasets from an established open-source microservices system, we demonstrate how vamp aids in identifying RPC execution time deviations with significant impact on end-to-end performance. Additionally, we show that vamp can support in pinpointing meaningful structural patterns in end-to-end requests and their relationship with microservice performance behaviors.

R. Rehm, J. S. G. Mombarg, C. Aerts et al.

Numerical computations of stellar oscillations for models representative of B-type stars predict fewer modes to be excited than observations reveal from modern space-based photometric data. One shortcoming of state-of-the-art evolution models of B-type stars that may cause a lack of excited modes is the absence of microscopic diffusion in most such models. We investigate whether the inclusion of microscopic diffusion in stellar models of B-type stars, notably radiative levitation experienced by isotopes, leads to extra mode driving by the opacity mechanism compared to the case of models that do not include microscopic diffusion. We consider the case of slowly to moderately rotating stars and use non-rotating equilibrium models, while we account for (uniform) rotation in the computations of the pulsation frequencies. We calculate 1D stellar models with and without microscopic diffusion and examine the effect of radiative levitation on mode excitation, for both low-radial order pressure and gravity modes and for high-radial order gravity modes. We find systematically more modes to be excited for the stellar models including microscopic diffusion compared to those without it, in agreement with observational findings of pulsating B-type dwarfs. Furthermore, the models with microscopic diffusion predict that excited modes occur earlier on in the evolution compared to modes without it. In order to maintain realistic surface abundances during the main sequence, we include macroscopic envelope mixing by internal gravity waves. While radiative levitation has so far largely been neglected in stellar evolution computations of B-type stars for computational convenience, it impacts mode excitation predictions for stellar models of such stars. We conclude that the process of radiative levitation is able to reduce the discrepancy between predicted and observed excited pulsation modes in B-type stars.

Francisco Javier Amaya Flores

Este trabajo analiza la presencia del astracán, lo grotesco y el esperpento en el cine de Pedro Almodóvar, concretamente, no solo en aquellos filmes calificados como comedias —Pepi, Luci, Bom y otras chicas del montón (1980), Mujeres al borde de un ataque de nervios (1988) y Los amanates pasajeros (2013)—, sino también en aquellas situaciones humorísiticas que el autor introduce en los argumentos más melodramáticos cuando inserta personajes estrafalarios o diálogos disparatados. Se trata, pues, de comprobar hasta qué punto la estética almodovariana, que se sitúa en una corriente específica (cine posmoderno), tiene su origen en formas estéticas de la tradición literaria española y le permite desarrollar modelos de expresión artísticos alejados de lo real en los que identifica el cine con la representación para reforzar, así, el pacto de ficción con el espectador.

Adrian Fix

L’artiste canadien Jon Rafman crée des œuvres vidéo avec des images collectées sur internet qu’il expose ensuite dans des galeries et des musées, puis les offre à disposition des internautes sur ses réseaux sociaux. Le visionnage dans la salle physique est une expérience riche, proposant une meilleure qualité d’image et un environnement rappelant les codes de l’histoire de l’art. Le va-et-vient entre virtuel et réel invite le spectateur à penser ses usages de l’image et notamment la représentation et le récit de soi qu’implique leur circulation en ligne.

Filippo De Tomasi

In 1971, Rockne Krebs presented an immersive artwork composed of the optical phenomenon of the camera obscura, among other elements. Although this artist appears to be the first interested in this phenomenon, it was only from the 1990s onwards that the artistic practice of camera obscura as room installation became widespread. In the decades since, several authors have included it in their production—developing projects of a photographic nature through different approaches, mainly focusing on projected image or spectator participation. Through the method of media archaeology, it is possible to find three lines of contemporary artistic research on the phenomenon: camera obscura related to meta-photography in Abelardo Morell’s works; immersive installation pieces as proposed by Zoe Leonard; and projections of other worlds in the work of the artistic duo João Maria Gusmão and Pedro Paiva. This paper aims at a comparative study that intends to analyze these three paths, underlining the characteristics of some contemporary artworks and contextualizing their elements to the history and use of camera obscura in the photographic context.

Baihan Lin, Stefan Zecevic, Djallel Bouneffouf et al.

We present the TherapyView, a demonstration system to help therapists visualize the dynamic contents of past treatment sessions, enabled by the state-of-the-art neural topic modeling techniques to analyze the topical tendencies of various psychiatric conditions and deep learning-based image generation engine to provide a visual summary. The system incorporates temporal modeling to provide a time-series representation of topic similarities at a turn-level resolution and AI-generated artworks given the dialogue segments to provide a concise representations of the contents covered in the session, offering interpretable insights for therapists to optimize their strategies and enhance the effectiveness of psychotherapy. This system provides a proof of concept of AI-augmented therapy tools with e in-depth understanding of the patient's mental state and enabling more effective treatment.

Nadya Serebriakova, Andrew Tkachenko, Sarah Gebruers et al.

Modern stellar structure and evolution theory experiences a lack of observational calibrations for the interior physics of intermediate- and high-mass stars. This leads to discrepancies between theoretical predictions and observed phenomena mostly related to angular momentum and element transport. Analyses of large samples of massive stars connecting state-of-the-art spectroscopy to asteroseismology may provide clues on how to improve our understanding of their interior structure. We aim to deliver a sample of O- and B-type stars at metallicity regimes of the Milky Way and the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) galaxies with accurate atmospheric parameters from high-resolution spectroscopy, along with a detailed investigation of line-profile broadening, for future asteroseismic studies. After describing the general aims of our two Large Programs, we develop dedicated methodology to fit spectral lines and deduce accurate global stellar parameters from high-resolution multi-epoch UVES and FEROS spectroscopy. We use the best available atmosphere models for three regimes covered by our global sample, given its breadth in terms of mass, effective temperature, and evolutionary stage. Aside from accurate atmospheric parameters and locations in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, we deliver detailed analyses of macroturbulent line broadening, including estimation of the radial and tangential components. We find that these two components are difficult to disentangle from spectra with signal-to-noise ratios below 250. Future asteroseismic modelling of the deep interior physics of the most promising stars in our sample will improve the existing dearth of such knowledge for large samples of OB stars, including those of low metallicity in the LMC.

M. Heras, D. Galafassi, E. Oteros‐Rozas et al.

In recent years, a profusion of methods, practices, and experiences has emerged in the interface between arts and sustainability science. Drawing from two strong currents within sustainability science, namely, the emphasis on transdisciplinary approaches and the need to move towards societal transformations, such hybrid approaches seemingly contribute with unique methods to sustainability research. Despite repeated claims from sustainability scientists about art’s role in sustainability transformations, joint analyses with artists and practitioners are still rare. We conveyed a collaborative and exploratory workshop with scientists, artists, and practitioners from the fields of education, public engagement, and activism to identify the potentials for arts-based sustainability research. Participants were invited to facilitate and trial various artistic practices from disciplines of performative, literary, narrative, audio-visual and plastic arts. In this paper, we present five key areas identified in the workshop, where arts-based methods can significantly contribute to sustainability research: embracing more-than-cognitive aspects of knowledge, improving communication, grappling with power dynamics, shifting relationships to nature, and facilitating futures visioning. Workshop participants also identified challenges related to power dynamics, tensions across paradigms, and implementation conditions, providing insights into how to leverage arts’ potential to respond to global environmental challenges while boosting societal transformations. We then discuss research questions identified that address challenges and limitations for arts-based research in sustainability. Overall, these results suggest there are yet untapped resources and experiences within the field of arts-based sustainability science. (Audio-visual abstract available on S1)

L. Zarobe, H. Bungay