Hasil untuk "Philology. Linguistics"

Ayad Chraa, Hanane Aqadoh

Recent shifts in education, particularly in English language teaching (ELT), have emphasized learner-centered approaches over teacher-centered ones. The ECRIF framework (Encounter, Clarify, Remember, Internalize, Fluently Use) is widely recognized for providing a practical roadmap for facilitating active, meaningful, and student-centered learning experiences. This study investigates its effectiveness in developing learning outcomes and engagement among Moroccan EFL middle school students. Data were collected from a sample of 67 ninth-grade students, using a pre-test, post-test, and feedback questionnaire. The results revealed that the ECRIF framework significantly enhanced students’ performance in the grammar test compared to traditional instruction. While both instructional methods resulted in learning gains, the improvement observed in the control group was modest compared to the substantial progress made by the experimental group. The structured stages and interactive activities incorporated throughout the instructional session contributed to the positive impact of the ECRIF framework on the experimental group’s achievement. The students expressed high levels of satisfaction and positive perceptions toward the ECRIF approach, as reflected in their responses to the feedback questionnaire. Overall, the present study demonstrated that the ECRIF activities used during the lesson not only improved students’ learning outcomes but also maximized their engagement and participation. These findings suggest that the framework can effectively foster both student learning and engagement in the English classroom. To this end, the study calls for the integration of ECRIF framework to enhance learner-centered practices and improve educational outcomes.

O. Chesnokova, I. Kotenyatkina, Luisa N. Gishkaeva

The heterogeneity of the Spanish-speaking world, the peculiarities of the historical development of Spanish-speaking countries determined the uniqueness of their linguistic cultures and, as a consequence, the originality of the precedent phenomena and rhetorical means reflected in their national anthems. Latin America’s national anthems reflect their so-called “border” cultures. A comprehensive understanding of the ideological, aesthetic, and symbolic potential of Latin American anthems represents a gap and at the same time an important topic in modern humanitarian knowledge. The authors of this article offer an interpretation of the dynamics of the formation of the anthem of the Argentine Republic, from its original versions, regarded as precedent texts, to modern multimodal interpretations. The goal of this article is to interpret the emergence of the Argentine anthem, to trace the development of its linguistic parameters. The methodology is based on text theory, precedent philology, axiology, cognitive linguistics, linguopragmatic analytical techniques, which allow to interpret the grammatical, lexical-semantic, precedent parameters of the anthem of the Argentine Republic, its aesthetics, rhetoric and impactful forth. The objectives of the article also include an analysis of the linguistic means of the anthem in the context of the historical memory of Argentines and national rhetoric. The complex methodology undertaken permit to perceive the anthem of the Argentine Republic as a systemic embodiment of the Argentine national identity. The article postulates a connection between the cognitive mechanisms of anthem formation and the categories of identity. The proposed methodology for analyzing the Argentine anthem can be applied to the interpretation of the anthems of other countries.

Julia Madajczak

Although the precontact Nahua nezahualiztli ritual received significant coverage in historical sources, the Christian discourse of these sources misinterpreted it as either fasting or penance, inscribing nezahualiztli in the Western idea of the sacred. In order to learn more about the Nahua worldview, this article uses methods derived from philology, cognitive linguistics, and anthropology to reconstruct the meaning that nezahualiztli had for the precontact Nahua. I review numerous mentions of this ritual in the sources and discuss three examples involving nezahualiztli. I conclude that avoiding some hygienic practices, fasting, and abstaining from sex, among other forms of abstinence, allowed humans to assimilate with the deities and dead who inhabited the world beyond. The Nahua observed nezahualiztli whenever they needed to enter a liminal state, such as during funerals, travel, or creative actions. This insight adds to our understanding of the Nahua sacred, particularly the relationship between humans and gods.

G. Baishukurova, A. Irgebayeva, N. Aitova et al.

The active use of modern computer technologies in philology has led to the intensive development of corpus linguistics. A promising direction in this area is the development of national language corpora and the construction of concordances of various types, differing in the forms of presentation of the material, search capabilities, and technical functions. This research presents basic information about the national language corpora and concordances currently being developed in Kazakhstan. We note that the level of development of corpus linguistics in Kazakhstan differs from the level of development of language corpora in developed countries. Therefore, we point out objective factors that cause an insufficiently high rate of development of Kazakhstani dictionaries in electronic form, especially alphabetical-frequency concordances to the author's texts. This research is a part of our project to develop a Kazakh-Russian parallel corpus of Akhmet Baitursynov, which has about 3,500 words in usage. The article analyzes the structure of concordance and presents the stages, tasks of development, and functional description of the first concordance in Kazakh lexicography by Akhmet Baitursynov, a reformer and founder of Kazakh orthography, a Turkologist, author of the first textbooks. The article analyzes different approaches of scientists to the issue of systematization and typological characteristics of known concordances. Based on this analysis, we have proposed their generalized classification. The developed version of the concordance of A. Baitursynov’s language is the foundation for creating a variety of dictionaries; it can become a precedent for translating Kazakh language to a digital platform.

Yulia Bogoyavlenskaya, Tianying Li

This article is dedicated to modeling the linguistic-cultural stereotype ‘philologist’ in the individual consciousness of Chinese language speakers. The modeling procedure adopted in the study involves identifying the constitutive features of the professional stereotype, elucidating its figurative and valuable characteristics. Lexicographic data, materials obtained during sociolinguistic experiments, and photo documents were utilized as the primary sources. The analysis leads to the conclusion that within the Chinese linguistic-cultural context, this stereotype is interpreted much more broadly by individuals than defined in dictionaries. The sphere of activities of a Chinese philologist extends beyond the realm of science, making room for teaching activities, as well as affiliations with disciplines requiring erudition or language knowledge. It is established that in the individual consciousness of the Chinese, philology is almost entirely associated with linguistics. A typical philologist is a person who has received specialized education and possesses profound knowledge in the fields of languages and literature. They are characterized by rich inner culture, erudition, intellect, modesty, self-discipline, industriousness, openness, spirituality, pursuit of truth, articulate and elegant speech, respect for traditions, a healthy lifestyle, orientation towards spiritual rather than material values. The evaluative component of the stereotype exhibits axiological polarity with a significant bias towards positive traits.

O. Valentinova

The purpose of the study is to establish the texts substance properties, to identify the features of its relationship with text structure and function and also to prove that the exclusion of substance as the most important, but not obvious for the current state of science, aspect of the system leading to semiotic distortion which cannot be improved. The study was carried out on the material of texts of different etiologies - religious and artistic, united by a functionally determined ultra-high degree of their levels consistency. The relevance of the work is determined by its significance in the development of a systematic method, the formation of the methodological foundations of systemic philology and the semiotics of culture. The systemic linguistics ideas developed in the works of W. von Humboldt, A.A. Potebnya, I.A. Baudouin de Courtenay, I.I. Sreznevsky, G.P. Melnikov, and the systemology developed by philosophers (K.F. Samokhvalov, G.P. Shchedrovitsky) and representatives of the natural and exact sciences (P.K. Anokhin, V.A. Engelgardt, L.V. Krushinsky, R.O. Bartini) did not have a direct impact on the systematic research of texts. Awareness of the significance of substance in the understanding of highly systemic texts begins to take shape in the exegesis and philosophy of art. Philology, focusing its interest mainly on fiction texts, contributes to the development of a systematic method with the emergence and development of ideas about the text dominant (yu.N. Tynyanov, R.O. yakobson), the diversity of its units (y. Mukarzhovsky), the discovery of the author’s image supercategory (V.V. Vinogradov), the identification of the method of estrangement (V.B. Shklovsky) and the universalization of it as a principle of assimilation of reality (V.B. Shklovsky, L.A. Novikov, M.L. Novikova). The comparison of different nature texts substance properties - against the background of the properties of the substance of language - allows us significantly refines the text substance understanding as the extreemly important system aspect.

Enrique Alastor, Francisco-David Guillén-Gámez, Julio Ruiz-Palmero

La integración efectiva de las tecnologías digitales y el Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA) en la educación plantea desafíos significativos en la formación docente. Este estudio examina la relación entre la competencia digital autopercibida y el conocimiento del DUA en futuros maestros, analizando la influencia de factores demográficos y académicos. Mediante un diseño cuantitativo no experimental de tipo ex post facto, se evaluó a 903 estudiantes de Magisterio de Educación Infantil y Primaria utilizando un cuestionario sobre competencia digital, conocimiento del DUA y uso de herramientas digitales. Los resultados revelaron una correlación positiva moderada (r = 0.45, p < 0.001) entre la competencia digital y el conocimiento del DUA. Se encontraron diferencias significativas por etapa educativa (F(1, 784) = 26.073, p < 0.001) y rendimiento académico (F(2, 784) = 35.162, p < 0.001), pero no por género (F(1, 784) = 0.274, p = 0.600). El análisis entre cursos académicos mostró variaciones significativas en las competencias digitales (F(3, 782) = 16.42, p < 0.001). Estos hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de integrar sistemáticamente la formación en competencias digitales y DUA en los programas de formación docente, considerando factores como el rendimiento académico y la etapa educativa.

The article is devoted to the history of teaching Sanskrit at the Faculty of Philology of Moscow University, where the literary language of ancient India was presented to students both in a broad philological context and as a reference language of linguistic research in line with comparative historical Indo-European linguistics. The paper analyzes the teaching activities of indologist P.Ya. Petrov, the role of Sanskrit in the scholarly and educational work of F.F. Fortunatov and M.N. Peterson, the most important contribution to the development of methods of teaching Sanskrit by V.A. Kochergina and her students.

Dmitrii A. Chugunov

The textbook contains theoretical, practical and reference material on the history of German literature of the late XX – early XXI century, including quotations from fiction and journalistic literature, shows the ideological and artistic transformations taking place in the literary process of Germany after the fall of the Berlin Wall, identifies the main themes and problems of modern literature of Germany. The manual includes materials and tasks for conducting practical classes, tasks for self-checking what has been passed. The content of the manual meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is addressed to students studying in the fields of "Philology", "Linguistics", "Journalism", "Publishing", "Library and Information activities", as well as teachers of philology.

S. Y. Semenova

Reflection of Erasmus of Rotterdam heritage in the literature on history of linguistics is under consideration. Mentioning Erasmus’s 1513 syntactic work based on Donatus’s grammar in the book “Introduction to theoretical linguistics” by John Lyons has made the starting point for the present study. The author has not yet been able to find any other information about that essay (as well as the essay itself). In the Russian academic literature on the history of linguistics. there are almost no references to Erasmus. One might assume that Lyons was referring to some other work by Erasmus – perhaps created during the English period of the humanist’s work. The author briefly discusses two treatises by Erasmus written in England, namely, “De copia verborum ac rerum” and “De ratione studii”. In the second treatise that is on teaching of philology Erasmus recommends to the reader among the ancient sources the grammar of Donatus. It cannot be precluded that Lyons meant that very treatise.

Наталия Габдреева, Гузель Туктарова, Татьяна Трошкина et al.

The article provides the results of the study of the educational programs potential within academic courses of Russian as a foreign language in the fields of “Philology” and “Linguistics” when solving the issues of language and cultural integration of international students into realities of modern Russian society. The study has revealed the merits of tools and resources for teaching Russian to international students: a number of profile academic disciplines. The study confirms that the solution of the issues of linguistic and cultural adaptation of international students is achieved in the course of doing the academic disciplines “Lexicology”, “Linguocultural Studies”, “Linguocountry Studies”, “Translation Theory”, in the study of linguistic sections “Non-Equivalent Vocabulary”, “Semantics”, “Cognitive Linguistics” and in mastering the competences of analyzing the fictional text (its stylistics and phraseology). We outline the role of the relationship between Cognitive Linguistics and Linguocultural Studies in bringing international students closer to the issues of linguistic consciousness, which predetermines the full command of the language. The study allows us to conclude that the degree of mastering professional competences for a linguist and philologist can be considered as their level of linguistic and cultural competences.

O. Rebrii

The article deals with studying the heritage of the outstanding Ukrainian philologist Oleksandr Potebnya and specifics of translating his main linguophilosophical works into Ukrainian. The research was substantiated by the relevance of O. Potebnya’s ideas for the development of philology both in Ukraine and internationally, especially such its major branches as linguistics, literary studies and translation studies. The article pursues a double aim: (1) to outline a range of problems initiated by the scientist that are of a potential interest for the Ukrainian researchers today and thus to contribute to further popularization of O. Potebnya’s heritage in the academic circles; (2) to describe the strategy and difficulties of translating O. Potebnya’s works into Ukrainian. The implementation of this aim required the use of a number of different methods such as: analysis and synthesis (for determining relevant provisions of O. Potebnya’s theory and their extrapolation into the modern philological dimension), linguostylistic analysis (for determining specifics of the author’s individual style as a scientist), self-reflection (for determining the strategy of translation and factors that determined it), comparative analysis (for determining the difficulties of translation and ways of overcoming them). During all his academic career, O. Potebnya investigated the interrelations between human mind, language and speech. His most distinguished work in this domain is “Thought and language”, in which he not only elaborates on Wilhelm von Humboldt’s theory of linguistic determinism, but also proposes his own concept of a word structure as a combination of a form, meaning and concept (that later on evolved into the theory of a word’s internal form). Among O. Potebnya’s prognostic ideas permeating his works the most outstanding are those relating to the language as a system and structure, the word as a sign and a means of reality’s conceptualization and categorization, ties between language, science and arts (multimodality). The strategy of translation was implemented with emphasis on the original and the author’s individual style, and its main difficulties were connected with archaic terminology, culture specific illustrative material and intertextual inclusions.

M. Raevskaya

The study focuses on the works of J. Ortega y Gasset, in which the Spanish philosopher offers a new vision of Linguistics analyzed from the point of view of Anthropology, Discourse Theory and Philosophy and first presented by him in 1938. Ortega’s bibliography contains articles in which he develops ideas relevant to Philological science, objecting to Saussure and criticizing Structuralism as the dominant research paradigm at that time. The subject of the research paper is the J. Ortega y Gasset’s ideology about the language and speech nature, formalized in the concepts called New Linguistics and Theory of Utterance, as well as the author’s views on the new approaches to the study of Philology (New Philology) and Grammar (New Grammar). In his works, the Spanish philosopher examines the dynamic nature of language and speech in its projection onto the speaker and substantiates the need to take into account the communicative intention and the communicative context, thereby anticipating the scientific research of the founders of the Speech Act Theory and Discourse Analysis J. Austin, J. Searle and Teun A. Van Dijk. The article makes an attempt to describe and systematize the main ideas introduced by J. Ortega y Gasset, relevant to such areas of modern Linguistics as Pragmatics and Text Linguistics.

O. V. Aleksandrova, Natalia B. Gvishiani, A. Lipgart

The academic work at the Department of English Linguistics is organized along many directions, which were defined by the founders of the Department — A.I Smirnitskij and O.S. Akhmanova. Scholars work on the traditional spheres of the linguistic study, as well as new approaches, based on the interdisciplinary data which are received by the borderline spheres of knowledge, at the same time closely connected with philology, when a human being and his objective understanding of the surrounding world, as well as subjective attitude to it, is in the centre of attention. The article deals only with some very important aspects of the departmental work: pragmaphonostylistics, functional stylistics, cognitive approach to the study of the language, including corpus linguistics — a new directon which is indispensable for modern linguistics.

Hassan Rezai Baghbidi

The etymology of the Classical Persian particle mar, which is traditionally believed to have an emphatic or restrictive sense, has long been an enigma to scholars of Iranian philology and Persian linguistics, esp. because there is no trace of it in the extant Middle Persian texts. Different etymologies have so far been proposed for mar, but it is often compared with the Early Judaeo-Persian preposition azmar (i) “for” and therefore believed to have originated from the word mar “number; account”. The present paper reviews all previous studies and attempts to provide a new possible etymology, according to which mar is a focus marker derived through a grammaticalization process from the Bactrian word μαρο [mar] “here”.

Yulia Obolenskaya

The main subject of the article is the history and circumstances of the formation of the school of Ibero-Romance studies at the Faculty of Philology. The author takes a detailed look at the history of teaching Spanish and Portuguese at Moscow State University, as well as the contribution of the heads of the Department of Ibero-Romance Linguistics and its staff to the formation of a unique tradition of studying and teaching Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan and Galician languages, scientific and pedagogical activities of the staff of the department, their contribution to Russian Ibero-Romance studies.

Castro, Gustavo de

O presente trabalho trata-se de um relatório de pesquisa que investiga as relações de Guimarães Rosa com Portugal desde os aspectos de sua ancestralidade, passando por viagens e visitas a Lisboa, proximidades com intelectuais e editores como Jaime Cortesão, Aquilino Ribeiro, António Sousa Pinto, Arnaldo Saraiva e Óscar Lopes até o seu constante interesse pela cultura do país, em especial, a literatura, os estudos geográficos e culinários. Na conclusão, são apre-sentados os resultados, as lacunas e as perspectiva possíveis de novos estudos

Roger A. Pielke Sr.

Abstract The pursuit of basic knowledge and conveying that knowledge for the benefit of society is one of the most rewarding endeavors of life. The opportunity to devote one's professional life to science in order to learn and create new knowledge is intoxicating. This short article highlights some of the aspects of my career that perhaps students and others will find useful, including life experiences that directly affected my career. I also suggest opportunities for major advances in our understanding and predictability of Earth system processes.

Verónica Delgado, Geraldine Rogers

Las publicaciones periódicas emergieron como un campo de interés crítico a fines del siglo pasado. Este interés adquirió distintos matices en los años siguientes: se acentuó el análisis en su importancia para la historia intelectual, los vínculos entre literatura, política y mercado, los circuitos de consumo de las publicaciones en tanto bienes culturales y su materialidad como objetos impresos, mediáticos y visuales. En este artículo se comparan estas tendencias generales con los aportes publicados en las últimas décadas en la revista Anclajes y sus proyecciones.

André Lemos, Leonardo Pastor

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a relação entre a prática de dado e as ações algorítmicas em plataformas digitais. Para isso, fazemos uma análise descritiva dos documentos do Instagram que são dirigidos aos seus usuários, identificando o que sugere ação e consequência prática das materialidades digitais em termos de produção, compartilhamento e coleta. Através deles, observamos a centralidade da experiência nesse tipo de construção informacional, desenvolvida na relação com processos de dataficação – a qual chamamos de experiência algorítmica. A partir de uma perspectiva pragmatista e neomaterialista, sugerimos segui-la buscando perceber as diferenças práticas produzidas no uso de plataformas digitais e identificando interações relevantes em práticas situadas.