Hasil untuk "Manufacturing industries"

X. Xu

Shuang Xu, Haitao Chen, Yueting Ding et al.

As the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality becomes a global consensus, the circular economy is gradually evolving from an environmental concept to a core lever for national strategy and industrial transformation. To achieve green and low-carbon development, China is accelerating the construction of a circular economy system, particularly in the fields of resource recycling and utilization. Industrial waste heat, a strategically critical supplementary energy resource, performs a pivotal role in advancing the circular economy. Based on an energy technology coupling model, this study assesses the waste heat utilization potential in China and quantitatively measures its impact on energy conservation and carbon reduction. The results show that: (1) The potential of industrial waste heat in China is characterized by an inverted U-shaped trajectory. Over the near-to-medium term, the steel and power industries remain the primary contributors to waste heat utilization potential. (2) Low-grade waste heat represents the majority of utilization potential in China’s industrial sector, mainly from power generation, fuel processing, and steel manufacturing. The model results indicate that the proportion of low temperature waste heat will increase from approximately 66% in 2025 to 83% in 2060. (3) Waste heat utilization significantly influences the energy transition pathway. The findings of this study demonstrate that energy-intensive industries have the potential to reduce primary energy consumption by more than 13%. Moreover, making full use of waste heat could accelerate China’s carbon peaking target to 2028, and reduce peak carbon emissions by an estimated 5.1%.

Nyasha Makaruse, Michael R.D. Maslin, Ziva Shai Campbell

Background: Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (ONIHL) presents a significant occupational health challenge worldwide, with profound economic and societal implications. This study assesses socio-demographics of ONIHL cases, calculates incidence rates and trends (2013–2022), compares ONIHL burden with other occupational diseases, and quantifies annual compensation costs across Australia, Canada, Germany, Hong Kong and New Zealand. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of ONIHL compensation data sourced from governmental compensation records in five high-income countries was conducted. Incidence rates were computed based on accepted compensation cases per employed workforce and analyzed over a decade-long study period. Results: A total of 131,433 newly compensated ONIHL cases were identified across five countries. Males accounted for 96.3 % of cases, with varying age distributions observed among countries. The construction and manufacturing sectors consistently emerged as primary contributors to ONIHL. ONIHL ranked among the top three occupational conditions in all study countries, with incidence rates ranging from 5 to 148 per 100,000 employed workers. Compensation costs for rehabilitation exceeded USD 800 million during the study period, with Germany incurring the highest expenses. Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the need for intensified ONIHL prevention efforts, particularly within the manufacturing and construction industries across high-income countries. The study highlights the disproportionate representation of older males among the new ONIHL cases, whether due to their concentration in noisy settings or inherent susceptibility to noise-induced hearing changes. The financial costs are substantial, with nearly USD 2 billion spent on ONIHL compensation over the study period, including pension costs for ONIHL cases in Germany. This study illuminates the significant burden of ONIHL as a leading occupational disease, offering insights for areas to target intensified prevention and interventions efforts for accelerated reduction in new ONIHL cases.

Zhaozhen Zeng, Xiao Wang, Kezhi Zhen et al.

With the advancement of intelligent manufacturing technologies, manufacturing execution system (MES) as the core bridge connecting enterprise management and production workshop, its data processing capability directly affects the operational efficiency of enterprises. Tobacco industry as a typical representative of fine chemical and discrete manufacturing, its production process is complex and variable, the real-time production data, accuracy and completeness of the higher requirements, but the current MES system for tobacco companies generally has serious data processing delays, information integration difficulties, decision-making response lag and other issues. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a basic data model of MES based on the fusion of digital twin and edge computing, which realizes data processing and filtering in the vicinity of the production site by deploying edge computing nodes and reduces the burden of the central server. At the same time, we construct a digital twin model with multi-dimensional interactions of equipment, material, process and quality, realize the real-time mapping and two-way feedback between the physical world and the digital space, and design an adaptive intelligent decision-making algorithm, which is able to automatically adjust the process parameters according to the changes of the production state. A six-month comparative test in tobacco enterprise A shows that the model improves data processing efficiency by 75.3%, reduces system response time to less than 35 ms, improves production plan execution accuracy by 28.4%, and reduces the fluctuation range of key quality indicators by 45.2%, which is especially effective in the control of cigarette density and detection of splicing quality anomalies. The research results not only provide practical solutions for intelligent manufacturing in the tobacco industry, but also provide a technical path for the digital transformation of other manufacturing industries with similar production characteristics and help to promote the manufacturing industry from the traditional passive response mode to the predictive, intelligent production management mode of change.

Nomeh Anthony Kanayo, Yuanhao Tian

Over the past two decades, China's investment in Africa has grown substantially, generating both hopes for developmental stimulation and doubts about the realization and long-term sustainability of these aspirations. Against this ongoing debate, this study explored the nature and impact of Chinese private enterprises on human capital development in Nigeria, focusing on education and skill transfer. Relying on publicly available data from Nigerian government websites, independent local media outlets—including newspapers and television reports—Chinese government websites, and interviews with three Nigerian Chinese-language interpreters, the study found that Chinese enterprises contribute significantly to human development through educational initiatives. However, these efforts are closely tied to China's broader strategy of deepening its presence in Africa, raising critical questions about the long-term implications for the continent's development. Skill building within Chinese enterprises in Africa tends to be highly informal and short-term, particularly in the manufacturing and service industries. On the positive side, these informal, short-term skills empower a predominantly youthful population to navigate widespread unemployment and poverty by providing employment opportunities within Chinese enterprises, often the most accessible alternative job providers. On the downside, the nature of this skill transfer remains limited and fosters a high dependency on the Chinese.

Md Bokhtiar Al Zami, Shaba Shaon, Vu Khanh Quy et al.

Industrial networks are undergoing rapid transformation driven by the convergence of emerging technologies that are revolutionizing conventional workflows, enhancing operational efficiency, and fundamentally redefining the industrial landscape across diverse sectors. Amidst this revolution, Digital Twin (DT) emerges as a transformative innovation that seamlessly integrates real-world systems with their virtual counterparts, bridging the physical and digital realms. In this article, we present a comprehensive survey of the emerging DT-enabled services and applications across industries, beginning with an overview of DT fundamentals and its components to a discussion of key enabling technologies for DT. Different from literature works, we investigate and analyze the capabilities of DT across a wide range of industrial services, including data sharing, data offloading, integrated sensing and communication, content caching, resource allocation, wireless networking, and metaverse. In particular, we present an in-depth technical discussion of the roles of DT in industrial applications across various domains, including manufacturing, healthcare, transportation, energy, agriculture, space, oil and gas, as well as robotics. Throughout the technical analysis, we delve into real-time data communications between physical and virtual platforms to enable industrial DT networking. Subsequently, we extensively explore and analyze a wide range of major privacy and security issues in DT-based industry. Taxonomy tables and the key research findings from the survey are also given, emphasizing important insights into the significance of DT in industries. Finally, we point out future research directions to spur further research in this promising area.

Tarekul Islam, Mohammad Nuzrul Islam, Muhammed Mohosin Mia et al.

Abstract Denim is a cellulose-based product which is a popular choice for people of all ages in the modern era. There are massive applications of denim in textile goods, household products, medical products, and manufacturing industries. This work aims to determine the effects of industrial washing techniques on various physio-mechanical, thermal, and comfort properties of denim fabric and its seams. Denim made from 100% cellulose-based cotton with a 3/1 twill structure is used for the study. The two seams used are the lapped seam (LSb) and the superimposed seam (SSa). Four industrial washing techniques are used such as rinse wash, enzyme-bleach-stone (less time/30 min) wash, enzyme-bleach-stone (high time/60 min) wash, and acid wash. Fabric strength, seam strength, stiffness, air permeability, water vapor permeability, and thermal conductivity are evaluated according to standard methods. All the tested results are recorded multiple times, and averages are presented. Experimental findings showed that different industrial washing techniques affect various physio-mechanical and thermal properties of cellulosic goods differently. Results also revealed that enzyme-bleach-stone (high time) washed samples show the lowest strength of 432.22 N and 371.13 N in warp and weft direction, respectively, compared to other samples as well as S4 /high time sample shows higher strength loss 64.77% in warp direction and 82.72% in weft direction. Regarding LSb, enzyme-bleach-stone high-time washed samples exhibit the lowest seam strength, 799.80 N and 374.55 N in warp and weft way, respectively, compared to other samples.

Tan Kim Han, Zaed Md. Abu, Saidur R. et al.

The remarkable versatility of MXene materials has propelled them into the forefront of advanced material science, with applications spanning energy storage, catalysis, water treatment, and electronics. Bulk production of MXene materials is essential to meet the demands of applications, enhance commercial viability, support research efforts, integrate MXene into industries, and drive technological advancements. It is a key step in realizing the full potential of MXene materials and ensuring their widespread use in diverse fields. However, the problem is that MXene synthesis methods, especially those developed at the laboratory scale, face challenges when transitioning to large-scale production. Maintaining the quality, consistency, and yield of MXene materials on a large scale can be complex. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of current synthesis methods, critical parameters that influence bulk production, precursor materials and post-synthesis characterizations, and innovations in scaling up MXene production. The necessary environmental and safety measures were also reviewed. This comprehensive review work is critical for developing the area of MXene bulk manufacturing and has major implications for the larger community. By thoroughly addressing problems, investigating crucial factors, and emphasising breakthroughs in large-scale synthesis, the study serves as a road map for researchers, industry experts, and maybe policymakers.

Ahmet Şaşmaz, Ayşe Didem Kılıç, Nevin Konakçı

Serpentine (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄), like quartz, dolomite and magnesite minerals, is a versatile mineral group characterized by silica and magnesium silicate contents with multiple polymorphic phases. Among the phases composed of antigorite, lizardite, and chrysotile, lizardite and chrysotile are the most prevalent phases in the serpentinites studied here. The formation process of serpentinites, which arise from the hydrothermal alteration of peridotites, influences the ratio of light rare earth elements (LREE) to heavy rare earth elements (HREE). In serpentinites, the ratio of light rare earth elements (LREE)/heavy rare earth elements (HREE) provides insights into formation conditions, geochemical evolution, and magmatic processes. The depletion of REE compositions in serpentinites indicates high melting extraction for fore-arc/mantle wedge serpentinites. The studied serpentinites show a depletion in REE concentrations compared to chondrite values, with HREE exhibiting a lesser degree of depletion compared to LREE. The high ΣLREE/ΣHREE ratios of the samples are between 0.16 and 4 ppm. While Ce shows a strong negative anomaly (0.1–12), Eu shows a weak positive anomaly (0.1–0.3). This indicates that fluid interacts significantly with rock during serpentinization, and highly incompatible elements (HIEs) gradually become involved in the serpentinization process. While high REE concentrations indicate mantle wedge serpentinites, REE levels are lower in mid-ocean ridge serpentinites. The enrichment of LREE in the analyzed samples reflects melt/rock interaction with depleted mantle and is consistent with rock–water interaction during serpentinization. The gradual increase in highly incompatible elements (HIEs) suggests that they result from fluid integration into the system and a subduction process. The large differential thermal analysis (DTA) peak at 810–830 °C is an important sign of dehydration, transformation reactions and thermal decomposition, and is compatible with H₂O phyllosilicates in the mineral structure losing water at this temperature. In SEM images, chrysotile, which has a fibrous structure, and lizardite, which has a flat appearance, transform into talc as a result of dehydration with increasing temperature. Therefore, the sudden temperature drop observed in DTA graphs is an indicator of crystal form transformation and CO₂ loss. In this study, the mineralogical and structural properties and the formation of serpentinites were examined for the first time using thermo-gravimetric analysis methods. In addition, the mineralogical and physical properties of serpentinites can be recommended for industrial use as additives in polymers or in the adsorption of organic pollutants. As a result, the high refractory nature of examined serpentine suggests that it is well-suited for applications involving high temperatures. This includes industries such as metallurgy and steel production, glass manufacturing, ceramic production, and the chemical industry.

Johanna Vuori, Ilmari Määttänen

Purpose Sisu refers to extraordinary internal strength in the face of adversities. Although originally a Finnish concept, it can be a universally useful concept for studying managerial well-being and performance during difficult or even emergency periods. Previous research on sisu categorizes it into beneficial and harmful sisu and suggests that these two dimensions of sisu are useful when studying determination and resoluteness in crisis situations. This study applies the concept of sisu to examine managers’ well-being in times of crisis. Methodology Interviews were conducted with 15 managers in the hotel, manufacturing and retail industries in Finland. Results The beneficial effects of sisu seem to dissolve when it is used too often. The study also highlighted the paradoxical tension involved in the decision to stop or continue actions in a difficult situation and contributes to sisu research by discussing collective sisu. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that beneficial sisu helps to overcome adversity, while harmful sisu causes distortions in thinking that are detrimental to managers. Understanding one’s own tendency towards beneficial or harmful sisu in difficult situations can help in managerial work. Collective sisu is an excellent resource for overcoming difficult situations in workplaces.

Jarle Aarstad, Stig-Erik Jakobsen, Arnt Fløysand

Background: There has been a strong focus on environmental sustainability in the aquaculture industry, but we do not know how firms in this industry emphasize the issue compared to firms in other industries. Methods: Responding to this research gap, we compared survey data of Norwegian firms in the (1) aquaculture industry with those in the (2) manufacturing industry, (3) the consulting, finance and insurance industry, and (4) the hospitality, tourism and culture industry. Results: We found that firms in the aquaculture industry emphasize environmental sustainability more than those in the other industries do. Likewise, firms in the aquaculture industry emphasize social sustainability more than those in the other industries do, but the difference is less marked. Across industries, knowledge-intensive firms emphasize environmental sustainability and social sustainability to a lesser extent. Additionally, firms with local or regional major ownership emphasize social sustainability more than those with international major ownership do. Conclusion: Firms in the aquaculture industry have a relatively strong emphasis on environmental and social sustainability, which may be due to the industry’s environmental challenges. Similarly, aquaculture firms have a relatively strong emphasis on social sustainability, which may be due to the industry’s geographic and sociocultural proximity to numerous small local communities.

Abdulrahman Albar, Mehdi Chougan, Mazen J. Al- Kheetan et al.

The widespread popularity of additive manufacturing in most industries ranging from biomedical to aerospace suggests a transformation in manufacturing, which has recently also emerged in the construction sector. This paper presents an active system for the extrusion-based 3D printing of cementitious materials. The system can be extended to other materials and scaled up with slight hardware modifications. The proposed system uses an unconventional yet simplistic approach to generate a consistent output of material throughout the printing process. The effectiveness of the extruder is demonstrated through an extensive printing and testing of various cementitious-based materials. The printing and material parameters, which are essential for high mechanical strength printed object were investigated and optimized through a logical iterative loop of trials. The results showed the shape retention of 3D printed objects using the proposed design of extrusion-based system in conjunction with optimized rheology of cementitious-based materials was encouraging for larger scale 3D printing.

Heru Susanto, Fang-Yie Leu, Wahyu Caesarendra et al.

The COVID19 pandemic has indirectly changed the landscape of the business environment system through cloud intelligence within the digital ecosystem that has as a goal increasing the access, efficiency, effectiveness, equity and quality of business processes through cloud intelligent systems. Cloud intelligent systems are becoming revolutionary in today’s world pandemic causing a complete and drastic change to a variety of industries, including, security, transportation, business, logistics and manufacturing. The main purpose of cloud intelligence systems is to facilitate the ease of access from any location and the management of practical computing resources. One of the challenges faced by cloud technology today is scheduling. The role of scheduling algorithms is very important, since tasks are executed by orders that may need more attention. Here, scheduling algorithms intended to minimize monetary cost and minimize makespan time to execute the workflow are presented. This study proposes cloud intelligent systems apps through an approach to cloud computing scheduling that may lead to great benefits and efficiency. The result is very promising. It showed that there are numerous applications of intelligent systems due to the more advanced hardware being built nowadays, plus business processes advancing to become smarter and more efficient in growing profitably over a destructive digital ecosystem during the COVID19 pandemic. The results indicate that intelligent systems over the cloud play a big role not just for interacting with the world helping businesses grow, but as well as in the advancement for a better tomorrow.

Mariana Jugănaru

This paper presents a quantitative research of a database based on two economic and financial indicators: the "value added" and the "average number of employees" registered and reported during 2016 and 2017 by the companies operating in Constanta County, which belong to four fields of activity, corresponding to the Classification of Activities in the National Economy (CAEN): "Agriculture, forestry and fishing", " Extractive industries", "Manufacturing industry " and "Construction". The results obtained by processing the database have created the framework for a comparative and dynamic analysis regarding the particularities and the contribution of each selected field of activity to the economy of Constanta County, over the analyzed period. The specificity of this study is that it started from a microeconomic approach, and the mesoeconomic level has been reached after processing the database. Interpretation of the results can be used to inform and determine decisions at all economic levels.

Ameer Muhammad Kasi, Abdul Raziq, Naveed R. Khan

In developed countries, most of the population recognizes that they are facing environmental and social threats which are mainly related to global warming. The problem associated with an ecological footprint, particularly water shortage, ecosystems, climate change, deforestation, and declining biodiversity, is considered a harmful threat to human life and environmental health around the world. The purpose of this study is to explore the environmental sustainability practices of Small and Medium-size Enterprises (SMEs) in Pakistan. Although there are three dimensions of sustainability, such as environmental, social, and economical. However, the focus of this study is on the environmental dimension of sustainability. Qualitative method was used to collect data. A sample of 30 manufacturing SMEs were chosen, and semi-structured interviews were conducted for a complete understanding of the research problem. The results revealed that most of the firms believed that they have measurable targets for reducing waste, energy, water, and carbon. As in Pakistan, there is an energy crisis, and most of the industries have shut down due to the energy crises. Another vital issue for the majority of industrial estates was the scarcity of water. To reduce air pollution, most of the medium firms were trying to protect the air from pollution, whereas small firms were less concerned about air pollution. Similarly, very few medium-size (Food, Steel, Pharmaceutical) firms recycle the wastewater and reuse it, While none of the small firms recycle the water. Most SMEs are utilizing power factor for energy saving due to severe energy shortage in the country. The study indicates a bleak outlook regarding the implementation of environmental sustainability practices in small firms.

R. Lipsey, Merle Yahr Weiss

Lingchao Li, Jinlong Liu, Baodong Cheng et al.

Current forest recovery efforts in developing countries are different from previous efforts in developed countries, especially since the rise of economic globalization in the 1980s. Therefore, forest transition theory should now consider factors relating to industrialization, urbanization, and globalization. While previous studies have mainly focused on the variable trade of primary sector products, this study applies a more holistic research perspective and discusses, more widely, the links between trade, adjustment of trade structure, FDI, and forest transition. The results suggest that the total export value has a significant negative effect on forest area and volume, while the percentage of non-primary products has a significant positive impact on forest volume and density in the 76 developing countries studied. These results indicate that a country or region may improve the forest resource conditions by upgrading the export structure through the development of export-oriented manufacturing and service industries during the process of global industrial restructuring. This demonstrates the need to consider the overall global economic situation of a country when exploring the effects of economic globalization on forest transitions. In addition, this study attempts to address extant concerns regarding the quality of forest transitions by moving beyond the analysis of forest coverage to explore changes in both forest area and forest volume.

Peyman Taebi, Milad Rezaeefard, Mohammad Rezaeefard

Twenty first century is described by knowledge development and its effect on all organizational dimensions. Today, knowledge is considered as the key and sometimes the only source of competitive advantage for organizations; that is why managers and organizations focus on utilizing some methods for knowledge acquisition, storage, and knowledge application in the present dynamic and competitive environment to provide access and quick transfer of knowledge in system using knowledge management. Therefore, the present research intends to present a model for identifying the effect of knowledge level on supply chain performance using modeling structural equations. Research statistical population included all automotive industries in Iran such as component makers, sale representatives, manufacturing units, etc. 350 were randomly selected as research sample and a questionnaire was distributed, 240 of which were returned. Finally, the positive, significant effect of business attitudes, organizational memory and individuals’ knowledge on supply chain performance in Iran automotive industry was maintained; whereas, the positive, significant effect of customer knowledge, beneficiaries’ relationships, knowledge in processes, and knowledge in manufacturing and services was rejected.

P. Thamsatitdej, S. Boon-itt, P. Samaranayake et al.

Due to increasing emphasis on sustainable practices, many organisations have attempted to leverage their supply chain performance towards balancing triple bottom line dimensions (economic, environmental and social perspectives). This paper, therefore, determines the priorities of sustainable supply chain management focusing on eco-design. Interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and Matriced’ Impacts Croise’s Multiplication Appliquée a UN Classement (MIMAC) are used to identify the hierarchical structure of the relationships among eco-design dimensions, and to analyse characteristics power of each dimension on supporting eco-design practices. The relationships and characteristics power of each dimension are used to determine indicators that are effective in enhancement of eco-design practice, evaluated through sustainable supply chain performance. Results indicate that product deployment is an important approach for improving eco-design practice towards sustainable supply chain management. This emphasises the purpose and impact of eco-design on sequential supply chain activities at deployment phase. Further research is required to make an overall assessment of eco-design practices across range of manufacturing industries, given the current research is based on inputs from a limited number of experts of selected organisations.

Mário M. Caldeira, J. Ward