Hasil untuk "Competition"

N. Triplett

M. Holmgren, M. Scheffer, M. Huston

M. Spence

S. Choi

J. Gabszewicz, Jacques-François Thisse

J. Hausman

B. Menge, J. Sutherland

C. Perrow, M. Best

P. Cerny

R. Svanbäck, D. Bolnick

D. Maio, D. Maltoni, R. Cappelli et al.

Reliable and accurate fingerprint recognition is a challenging pattern recognition problem, requiring algorithms robust in many contexts. FVC2000 competition attempted to establish the first common benchmark, allowing companies and academic institutions to unambiguously compare performance and track improvements in their fingerprint recognition algorithms. Three databases were created using different state-of-the-art sensors and a fourth database was artificially generated; 11 algorithms were extensively tested on the four data sets. We believe that FVC2000 protocol, databases, and results will be useful to all practitioners in the field not only as a benchmark for improving methods, but also for enabling an unbiased evaluation of algorithms.

J. Leimeister, M. Huber, U. Bretschneider et al.

David Martínez-Miera, Rafael Repullo

J. Keats, M. Chesi, J. Egan et al.

J. Boone

D. Anginer, A. Demirguc-Kunt, Minchen Zhu et al.

Using bank level measures of competition and co-dependence, the authors show a robust positive relationship between bank competition and systemic stability. Whereas much of the extant literature has focused on the relationship between competition and the absolute level of risk of individual banks, in this paper we examine the correlation in the risk taking behavior of banks, hence systemic risk. The analysis finds that greater competition encourages banks to take on more diversified risks, making the banking system less fragile to shocks. Examining the impact of the institutional and regulatory environment on systemic stability shows that banking systems are more fragile in countries with weak supervision and private monitoring, high government ownership of banks, and in countries with public policies that restrict competition. Furthermore, lack of competition has a greater adverse effect on systemic stability in countries with generous safety nets and weak supervision.

Attila Czont, Zsolt Bodor, Tamás Koncsag et al.

Monitoring adolescent team-sport athletes may benefit from combining performance and molecular markers, but empirical evidence supporting this approach in youth team sports remains limited. Objective: Our study investigated molecular and physiological adaptations to seasonal training in elite U18 ice hockey players, focusing on aerobic capacity, salivary cortisol, serum irisin, and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) dynamics. Methods: National-level U18 players were enrolled in our study (<i>n</i> = 23 for cross-sectional analysis, <i>n</i> = 12 longitudinal) during the pre- and early-competition season. Aerobic performance was assessed via graded treadmill VO₂max testing, and the biochemical markers quantified using ELISA-based assays. Results: From pre- to early-season (paired <i>n</i> = 12), VO₂max increased by 10.6% (g = +1.00, <i>p</i> = 0.003) and irisin by 14.7% (g = +0.83, <i>p</i> = 0.010). cfDNA decreased by 60.8% (g = −0.54, <i>p</i> = 0.070; moderate effect, not statistically clear), while cortisol remained stable (+11.3%; <i>p</i> = 0.667). Inter-individual variability increased for VO₂max and irisin and decreased by 82% for cfDNA. Exploratory cross-sectional positional analysis indicated higher irisin levels in forwards and elevated cfDNA in defensemen, although differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: These preliminary findings provide cohort-size limited longitudinal evidence of chronic irisin elevation in ice hockey players and highlight the possibility of combining VO₂max + irisin + cfDNA to assist individualized load/recovery in elite youth ice hockey.

Daniel M. Cornforth, K. Foster

Georgeta Vintilă, Vasilica Izabela Fometescu, Alexandra Ioana Vintilă

<p>Public administration, as the implementing body of public policies, plays a fundamental role in main­taining financial stability and fostering sustainable private sector development. Our study investigates the extent to which the quality of public governance – a direct reflection of administrative capacity – in­fluences corporate taxation outcomes in the energy sector, deeply affected by financial crises and armed conflicts all over the world. Administrative capacity plays an important role in supporting competition, simplifying bureaucracy, and ensuring transparency in public spending. Strengthening the role of admin­istrative capacity, particularly in the energy sector, is a key factor in public sector reform.</p><p>The empirical study analyzes the non-financial companies from the EU-27 countries, over the peri­od 2004-2023, and integrates as main independent variables the public governance indicators. Our findings indicate that stronger governance, partic­ularly where public administration is effective and transparent, contributes to the increase in corporate income tax and, implicitly, to increasing revenue col­lection. From a public policy perspective, the quan­titative study results underscore the importance of strengthening administrative institutions and public governance mechanisms to improve taxpayers’ vol­untary compliance.</p>

Roberto Mazzoleni, Hamza Virk

We analyze how an incumbent antibiotic monopolist responds to the threat of post-entry Bertrand competition by a vertically differentiated rival. In a two-period model where current production drives future resistance, Bertrand competition leads to a winner-take-all outcome. We find that strategic deterrence is optimal regardless of bacterial cross-resistance to prospective rival drugs. In contrast with post-entry Cournot competition, anticipated price competition provides the incumbent with a stronger strategic incentive for conservation.