Hasil untuk "Finance"

Yinuo Zou, Yuefeng Lyu, Guan Li et al.

The relationship between ecosystem services (ESs) and human well-being (HWB) is a central issue of sustainable development. However, current research often relies on qualitative frameworks or indicator-based assessments, limiting a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between natural environment and human acquisition, which still needs to be strengthened. As an element transferred in the natural–society coupling system, carbon can assist in characterizing the dynamic interactions within coupled human–natural systems. Carbon, as a fundamental element transferred across ecological and social spheres, offers a powerful lens to characterize these linkages. This study develops and applies a novel analytical framework that integrates carbon flow as a unifying metric to quantitatively assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of the land use and land cover change (LUCC)–ESs–HWB nexus in Guizhou Province, China, from 2000 to 2020. The results show that: (1) Ecosystem services in Guizhou showed distinct trends from 2000 to 2020: supporting and regulating services declined and then recovered, and provisioning services steadily increased, while cultural services remained stable but varied across cities. (2) Human well-being generally improved over time, with health remaining stable and the HSI rising across most cities, although security levels fluctuated and remained low in some areas. (3) The contribution of ecosystem services to human well-being peaked in 2010–2015, followed by declines in central and northern regions, while southern and western areas maintained or improved their levels. (4) Supporting and regulating services were positively correlated with HWB security, while cultural services showed mixed effects, with strong synergies between culture and health in cities like Liupanshui and Qiandongnan. Overall, this study quantified the coupled dynamics between ecosystem services and human well-being through a carbon flow framework, which not only offers a unified metric for cross-dimensional analysis but also reduces subjective bias in evaluation. This integrated approach provides critical insights for crafting spatially explicit land management policies in Guizhou and offers a replicable methodology for exploring sustainable development pathways in other ecologically fragile karst regions worldwide. Compared with conventional ecosystem service frameworks, the carbon flow approach provides a process-based, dynamic mediator that quantifies biogeochemical linkages in LUCC–ESs–HWB systems, which is particularly important in fragile karst regions. However, we acknowledge that further empirical comparison with traditional ESs metrics could strengthen the framework’s generalizability.

Anisur Rehman, Aftab Ara, Harman Preet Singh

Abstract Saudi Arabia ranks amongst those nations with the highest amount of fossil carbon dioxide emissions. Due to the rising environmental and economic sustainability challenges in Saudi Arabia, investigating environmental sustainability in the nation has become imperative. Similar to business organisations, universities in Saudi Arabia are also intensifying their initiatives to enhance sustainability, contending with the nation’s established dependence on increasing greenhouse gas emissions, high energy and fossil fuels. There is a gap in research on the green human resource management (GHRM) practices of these universities aimed at promoting sustainability with the involvement of their faculty members. To address this gap, this study employs ability–motivation–opportunity (AMO) theory and change management theory to examine the effect of GHRM practices on the organisational citizenship behaviour towards environment (OCBE) and environmental performance (EP) of universities in Saudi Arabia. This study also investigates the moderating effect of technological competence and resistance to change on the association of GHRM practices with OCBE and EP. Results demonstrate that all three GHRM practices (green training and development, green employee involvement and green performance appraisal) have a positive and significant impact on OCBE, which subsequently influences EP. The mediating effect of OCBE and the moderating effects of technological competence and resistance to change were also confirmed. This study advances the existing research on the influence of GHRM practices on environmental outcomes through the lens of the AMO framework and change management theory in the university context of Saudi Arabia. This pioneering study also explores the role of technological competence and resistance to change as moderators in the above relationship. In addition to theoretical implications, this study offers novel insights for policymakers in higher educational institutions.

Ana-Maria Coatu, Felix-Angel Popescu, Laurențiu Petrila

This study explores how socio-economic factors affect the effectiveness of public accountability frameworks in EU member states, with Romania as a case study. Using data from the World Bank, Eurobarometer, and cross-country comparisons, it identifies five key determinants: income inequality, education, healthcare access, political participation, and economic stability. Grounded in institutional theory, the research shows that inclusive institutions and lower disparities lead to stronger accountability, while weaker frameworks often reinforce inequality and corruption. For Romania, the study recommends boosting transparency, enforcing anti-corruption measures, improving rural-urban equity, and enhancing civic education to strengthen the link between citizens and institutions.

Yudina Nurhaliza, Dwi Novita Sari, Maisyahrani Maisyahrani et al.

This research aims to analyze whether mudharabah and murabaha financing have an impact on maximizing real sector growth in Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam. The method used in this research is quantitative with a descriptive-associative approach. The data used in this research comes from secondary data and time series data obtained from the Financial Services Authority (FSA) Islamic banking statistics report, Indonesian economic and financial statistics report, Kuwait Finance House annual report, Malaysian economy in Figures 2022 report, report annual Islamic bank Brunei Darussalam, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) report. This research uses panel data regression analysis. The research results show that partial mudharabah and murabaha financing does not impact real sector growth. Simultaneously, mudharabah and murabaha financing significantly impact real sector growth. This research provides a new contribution to scientific development, stating that mudharabah and murabaha financing do not impact real sector growth. Practically, this research proves that there must be improvements related to mudharabah and murabaha financing so that they can have an impact on real sector growth.

Novita Putri Yunardi

The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the implementation of the execution of the fiduciary guarantee, the obstacles encountered in the implementation of the execution of the fiduciary guarantee after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019 in Jambi City and the countermeasures carried out in overcoming the obstacles encountered. Research Methods, the research used is empirical juridical. First, the results of the research are that the execution of fiduciary guarantees in Jambi City is still not in accordance with the Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019. This can be seen from the three cases that the author raised in this study, it was stated that only one case carried out parate execution in accordance with the Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019, and two other cases did not comply with the Court's decision. This means that there are still creditors who immediately carry out executions before submitting an Application for Confiscation of Execution to the District Court. Second, the obstacles encountered in implementing the execution of fiduciary guarantees after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019 and the countermeasures made to overcome the obstacles faced, namely the obstacle since the entry into force of this decision is very difficult to collect from customers due to regulations -rule of law. Which if the rule of law is violated, PT. Adira Dinamika Multi Finance will bear the consequences. In addition, the debtor insists on not letting go of his unit and violates the payment deadline. The countermeasures carried out in overcoming the obstacles faced by PT. Adira Dinamika Multi Finance, namely if the debtor defaults, namely does not pay the installments that have been determined properly and has been given a subpoena, if the debtor becomes bankrupt, and the debtor dies and the heirs are absent. Abstrak Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pelaksanaan parate eksekusi, kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan parate eksekusi jaminan fidusia pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU-XVII/2019 di Kota Jambi dan upaya penanggulangan yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi. Metode Penelitian Penelitian yang digunakan bersifat yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian Pertama, pelaksanaan parate eksekusi jaminan fidusia di Kota Jambi masih belum sesuai dengan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU- XVII/2019. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari tiga kasus yang Penulis angkat dalam penelitian ini dinyatakan hanya satu kasus saja yang melakukan parate eksekusi sesuai dengan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU- XVII/2019, dan dua kasus lainnya tidak sesuai Putusan Mahkamah tersebut. Artinya, masih terdapat pihak kreditur yang langsung melakukan eksekusi sebelum pengajukan Permohonan Sita Eksekusi ke Pengadilan Negeri. Kedua, kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan parate eksekusi jaminan fidusia pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU- XVII/2019 dan upaya penanggulangan yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi, yakni kendalanya sejak berlakunya putusan ini sangat sulit untuk melakukan penagihan terhadap nasabah karena adanya aturan-aturan hukum. Yang mana jika aturan hukum tersebut dilanggar, PT. Adira Dinamika Multi Finance yang menanggung konsekuensinya, selain itu debitur bersikeras untuk tidak mau mepaskan unitnya dan melanggar batas waktu pembayaran. Adapun upaya penanggulangan yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi PT. Adira Dinamika Multi Finance yaitu jika debitur melakukan wanprestasi, yaitu tidak membayar angsuran telah ditentukan sebagaimana mestinya dan telah diberi somasi, jika debitur jatuh pailit, dan Debitur meninggal dunia dan ahli warisnya tidak ada.

Changjin Xu, Mati ur Rahman, Dumitru Baleanu

This article analyzes the dynamical evolution of a three-dimensional symmetric oscillator with a fractional Caputo operator. The dynamical properties of the considered model such as equilibria and its stability are also presented. The existence results and uniqueness of solutions for the suggested model are analyzed using the tools from fixed point theory. The symmetric oscillator is analyzed numerically and graphically with various fractional orders. It is observed that the fractional operator has a significant impact on the evolution of the oscillator dynamics showing that the system has a limit-cycle attractor. Offset-boosting control phenomena in the system are also studied with different orders and parameters.

Trisninik Ratih Wulandari, Doddy Setiawan, Ari Kuncara Widagdo

Related party transactions (RPT) are a common transaction conducted among companies and are the focus of the business world today. The purpose of this study is twofold, as follows: first, to provide empirical evidence for whether the RPT of related party loans in manufacturing companies in Indonesia is an opportunistic transaction or an efficient transaction, and second, to provide evidence for whether there are differences in company perspectives before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study employs data from all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The data analysis techniques include descriptive statistical and hypothesis testing. The results of this study in the period 2018–2021 show that RPT has a positive effect on company value. During this period, that is, the years prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, RPT had a negative effect on company value. In contrast, the 2020–2021 period (during the COVID-19 pandemic) shows the opposite result: RPT has a positive effect on company value. The results of this study suggest that in the 2018–2021 and the pandemic period (2020–2021), companies conducted RPT for efficiency purposes, while prior to the pandemic (2018–2019) RPT was conducted for opportunistic purposes.

Hasanul Banna, Md Rabiul Alam

This paper examines the nexus between digital financial inclusion (DFI) and levels of bank risk-taking, using a sample of 283 commercial banks (Islamic and conventional) from six countries over the period 2011 to 2019 and deploying panel-corrected standard errors, two-stage least squares-instrumental variables and dynamic panel two-step generalized method of moments estimators. The findings suggest that Islamic banks take more risks than their counterpart conventional banks. The empirical evidence also indicates that an increase in the DFI index score reduces the overall level of bank risktaking and increases that of banking stability for commercial and conventional banks compared to Islamic ones. A strong association between DFI and bank risk-taking suggests that DFI not only reduces the default risk, leverage risk and portfolio risk of banks, but also increases financial mobility in the sample countries. Consequently, an inclusive digitalised banking industry ensures sustainable economic growth, which is likely to help maintain financial sustainability in times of crisis such as the Covid-19 pandemic. Our results are shown to be robust by various robustness checks. The study contributes to both the Islamic and conventional banking, as well as the digital financial inclusion, literature. The findings of the study provide various policy implications for policymakers and standard-setters in the countries examined.

Yulia Sepreninova, Inna Makarenko, Alex Plastun et al.

This article summarizes the existing approaches to investigating instruments of responsible investments in the health care system in Europe and in United States. The main research’s purpose is to identify existing instruments of responsible investment under funding Sustainable Development Goal 3: ‘Good health and well-being’. Systematization of scientific sources and approaches on the investigated issue showed no unique approach to forming a list of responsible investment instruments to finance health and well-being in Europe and United States. Hence, existing approaches vary by risk, return, suitability for financing, and so on. Therefore, the analysis and generalization of existing approaches and investigating their implementation-related practical features are the relevant scientific problem. The research’s object is the health care financing approaches of the generally recognized organizations such as the Financial Initiative for Biodiversity under the United Nations Development Program, the United States Agency for International Development and the World Bank (Biodiversity Finance Initiative United Nation Development Program, USAID, World Bank). The authors noted that these organizations contributed greatly to provide funding for these projects at the global level. For gaining the research’s goal, this study was conducted in the following logical sequence. Firstly, the authors characterized the Biofin financial decisions in health care under the United Nations Development Program. Secondly, the study systematized the U.S. Agency for International Development financing approaches regarding the Sustainable Development Goal 3. Then, the authors generalized the practical directions towards realizing the mentioned above instruments while digging into the World Bank responsible investment activity regarding health care. The study suggested the typology method to identify the key criteria for classifying responsible investment instruments. In turn, the mapping method was used to generalize the scientific background concerning health care finance. Therefore, the findings could help scientists further develop and unify the classification of responsible investment instruments regarding sustainable development and health care financing based on EU and US experience. Moreover, the obtained results enrich the existing global approaches in funding the national health care system and reaching the established Sustainable Development Goals 3 ‘Good health and well-being’

Burçe Akcan, Merve Gençyürek Erdoğan, Süleyman Karaçor

Tüketimin özel günler vasıtasıyla teşvik edildiği günümüz toplumlarında, alışveriş planlama gerektiren ve ciddiye alınması gereken bir aktivite haline gelmiştir. Küresel pazarda firmalar kimi zaman ‘geleneksel’ kimi zaman da “yeni” satış ve pazarlama stratejileri ile bu sürecin baş aktörleri olarak görülmektedir. Günler önce başlayan reklam faaliyetleri ile tüketicilerin markalı kampanyalara dahil olduğu, indirim kuponları ve kodları topladıkları, alışverişlerini planladıkları, bir gece önceden mağazaların önünde sıraya girerek bekledikleri, kısıtlı zamanda adeta yarışarak bir tüketme hazzı yaşadıkları gözlemlenmektedir. Amerika’da Şükran Günü’nden sonraki ilk Cuma yapılan, tüketimin en üst düzeye ulaştığı “Kara Cuma” tüketim günleri içinde en yaygın olanı ve en bilinenidir. Her sektörden firmanın çeşitli indirim oranlarıyla yer aldığı bu günde, mutlu tüketici profili modern insanın ‘daha fazlasına sahip olma’ arzusunun pekiştirilmesi ile mümkün olmaktadır. “Kara Cuma” zamanla Amerika sınırlarını aşarak, adeta küresel bir gelenek haline gelmiştir. Son yıllarda Türkiye’de de yaygınlaşan “Kara Cuma” geleneği, Müslümanlar için Cuma gününün kutsal kabul edilmesi nedeniyle küresel pazardaki söyleminin yerele uyarlanmasını gerektirmiş ve deneyimlenme biçimi bakımından Batıdaki örneklerinden farklılaşmıştır. “Kara Cuma” yerine; “Şahane Cuma”, “Muhteşem Cuma”, “Efsane Cuma” gibi adlandırmalar markaların bu döneme özel kendileri için seçtikleri söylemlerdir. Adeta bir festival havasında geçen indirim günleri, Bankalararası Kart Merkezi (BKM)’nin rekor düzeye ulaşan verileri ile de resmiyet kazanmıştır. Araştırmanın problemine kaynaklık eden soru; tüketimi teşvik eden günlerden biri olan “Kara Cuma” indirimleri, adlandırma biçimi nedeniyle tüketicilerin alışveriş harcamalarına etki etmekte midir? Araştırmanın amacı; globalden (küreselden) glokale (yerele) bu süreçte “Kara Cuma” adlandırmasına yönelik tüketici tutumunun nasıl olduğu, “Kara Cuma”ya yönelik kampanyaların ne düzeyde fark edildiği; tüketicileri “Kara Cuma”da yüksek tüketime yönelten motivasyonların neler olduğu ve son olarak “Kara Cuma”da yapılan harcamaların ne düzeyde dürtüsel olduğu sorularına yanıt aramaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışma nicel bir yaklaşım ile tasarlanmış olup, veri toplama tekniği olarak anket çalışmasından faydalanılmıştır.

Febi Fatimah, R. Deni Muhammad Danial, Faizal Mulia Z

The purpose of this study was to analyze the practice of income smoothing in food and beverage industry companies. Income smoothing is the intentional reduction of earnings fluctuations in an effort to stabilize profits to be considered normal for a company. This data is obtained from www.idx.co.id. The population in this study were food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2014-2016. The sampling technique used was using the purposive sampling method from 16 samples to 10 samples used. The data analysis technique of this research is descriptive statistical analysis techniques. To calculate income smoothing using the Eckel Index formula. The results of this study indicate that 6 companies carry out income smoothing practices and 4 companies do not.

CĂRUNTU GENU ALEXANDRU

The choice of how to finance the operating activity is determined by its cost, by the financial structure of the own resources available, as well as under conditions of risk reduction, because a possible insufficiency of the financial resources influences the solvency, liquidity and profitability of the activity carried out by the company, the results of the activity and implicitly the returns expected by investors depending on the financing policy. Not always an optimal financial structure must have a minimum cost of capital, but rather a reduction of the weighted average cost of capital so as to lead to an increase in the firm's value, an increase in the security of the assets. The capital of the company is considered the sources of financing used in a permanent and sustainable way, to finance the fixed assets, and the determination of the optimal size of the capital is a problem of the top management of the company having a maximum importance in the financial management of the company.

Ya.   S.  Yadgarov, V.  A.  Sidorov, E.  V. Sobolev

The review article positions the materials of the results of the VI International scientifc-practical conference, the content of which is considered from a special angle — through the phenomenon of market economies. Within the framework of the forum, the understanding of the past (in theoretical and applied terms) market model of management and the search for new sources of economic growth were carried out, the fnancial problems accompanying the genesis and evolution of economic life were discussed. The high level of discussion can be judged by the participation in the conference of such well-known post-Soviet scientists as R.M. Nureyev (Russia), B.S. Myrzaliyev (Kazakhstan), G.I. Ganush (Belarus), G.L. Sargsyan (Armenia), N.u. uzakov (uzbekistan) and others. In accordance with the program of the conference, special attention was paid to the analysis of debatable historical, economic, institutional, reproductive and transformational aspects of the phenomenon of the market system of management, explicated through the prism of monetary and fnancial relations. Materials of the conference actualize the development of evolutionary, institutional and interdisciplinary aspects of economic science, as a stage in the deepening of the existing system of knowledge about the phenomenon (objects) that make up the latest areas of Theoretical Economics, and their relationship, revealing a wide range of discussion of methodological and theoretical problems of the phenomenon of market economy. Of particular scientifc and practical interest are the opinions of the forum participants, reflecting the state and vectors of development of modern scientific knowledge in the feld of fnancial instruments of commodity-money relations, showing “bottlenecks” in this segment of economic science. A number of generalizing conclusions and recommendations are aimed at solving problems that are relevant to modern society, such as: strengthening the confrontation between the national and global economy, sanctions counteraction, contradictions of the traditional monetary economy and the emerging use of cryptocurrency. The results of the conference not only acquaint the academic and scientifc community with the trends in the study of the market phenomenon in the CIS but also have a signifcant potential applied interest.

Fransoermes Torres Lima , Edson Andrade Ferreira , David Barbosa de Alencar et al.

G. A. Sadykhanova, I. B. Zhamvau

Бүгінгі тaңдa жaһaндaну aдaмзaт дaмуының бaрлық бaғыттaрын қaмтып, дaмудың бaғытын aнықтaудa десек болaды. Тіпті aдaми дaму кaпитaлының сaпaсын aнықтaуғa дa жaңa шaрттaр енгізілуде. Қaзір­гі кезде aдaми дaму кaпитaлының дұрыс моделін қaлыптaстырғaн ел, әлемдік экономикaдa aйқын aртықшылыққa қол жеткізе aлaды. Aқпaрaттық қоғaмғa ұмтылғaн зaмaндa aдaм кaпитaлының сaпaсын қaлыптaстырaтын фaкторлaрғa білім беру, ғылым және инновaцияны жaтқызaмыз. Көптеген дaмығaн елдерде бұл компоненттер бір-бірі­ мен тығыз бaйлaныстырылып қaрaстырылaды, aл бұлaрдың кешенді дaмуы ұзaқ мерзімді, тұрaқты өсімге қол жеткізуге көмектеседі. Бұл мaқaлaдa инновaциялық бaғдaрлaмaлaрды жүзеге aсырудa өмірлік, өндірістік сaлaлық идеялaрдың, ғылым мен білім сaлaлaрының рө­ лі aйрықшa екенін көрсетілуде. Сонымен қaтaр инновaциялық жaңa ғылым мен білім экономикaны жaңғыртуғa ықпaл жaсaумен бірге, мaмaндaрғa жaңa инновaциялық ойлaу жүйесін қaлыптaстыруғa дa әсерін тигізетіне aйтылудa. Жaлпы aдaм кaпитaлының дaмуынa тек қaнa білімділік емес, ең мaңыздысы экономикaлық-инновaцияның шaрықтaуы. Еліміздегі 2017 жылы EXPO көрмесін өткізу шaрaсы aрқылы ғылыми инновaциямыздың дaмуынa aлып келеді. В нaстоящее время глобaлизaция, охвaтывaя все сферы челове­ческого рaзвития, определяет нaпрaвления рaзвития, особенно введе­ние новых условий для определения кaчествa рaзвития человеческого кaпитaлa. Нa дaнный момент стрaны, сформирововaвшие прaвильную модель рaзвития человеческого кaпитaлa, могут достичь очевидные конкурентные преимуществa в мировой экономике. В условиях стрем­ления к информaционному обществу к фaкторaм формировaния кaчествa человеческого кaпитaлa относятся обрaзовaние, нaукa и ин­новaции. Во многих рaзвитых стрaнaх эти компоненты тесно связaны друг с другом, их комплексное долгосрочное рaзвитие помогaет дос­тичь устойчивого ростa. В дaнной стaтье рaссмaтривaется особaя роль нaуки и обрaзовaния, жизненных, промышленных, отрaслевых идей при реaлизaции инновaционных прогрaмм. Тaкже говорится о том, кaк новые инновaционные нaуки и обрaзовaние способствуют модернизaции экономики, влияют нa формировaние специaлистaми ново­го инновaционного мышления. Нa рaзвитие человеческого кaпитaлa влияют не только обрaзовaние, вaжным является экономическо-ин­новaционный подъем. В 2017 году проведение в стрaне выстaвки EXPO приведет к нaучно-инновaционному рaзвитию.

Gafur Gafur, Muhammad Safri, Siti Hodijah

Abstract. This study aimed to analyze the leading sectors in Bungo. The method used is Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), specialization index, Growth Ratio Model (MRP). Based on analysis of LQ and DLQ, there are only two basis sectors at present and in the future, namely the construction sector and trade, hotels and restaurants. Based on the analysis of Specialization Index, in Bungo Regency has a concentration of the economy in the agricultural sector and the manufacturing sector. Based on MRP analysis also showed that prominent sector growth at the level of Bungo and Jambi Province, namely electricity, gas and water supply; the building sector; and trade, hotels and restaurants. Keywords : Location Quotient (LQ), Dinamic Location Quotient (DLQ), Specialization Index, Growth Ratio Model   Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sektor unggulan di Kabupaten Bungo. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis Location Quotient (LQ), Dinamic Location Quotient (DLQ), indeks spesialisasi, Model Rasio Pertumbuhan (MRP). Berdasarkan analisis LQ dan DLQ,  hanya ada 2 sektor yang menjadi sektor basis pada saat ini dan pada masa yang akan datang yaitu sektor bangunan dan sektor perdagangan, hotel dan restoran. Berdasarkan analisis Indeks Spesialisasi, di Kabupaten Bungo telah terjadi konsentrasi ekonomi pada sektor pertanian dan sektor industri pengolahan. Berdasarkan analisis MRP juga dapat diketahui bahwa sektor yang menonjol pertumbuhannya pada tingkat Kabupaten Bungo dan Provinsi Jambi yaitu sektor listrik, gas dan air bersih; sektor bangunan; serta sektor perdagangan, hotel dan restoran. Kata Kunci : Location Quotient (LQ), Dinamic Location Quotient (DLQ), indeks spesialisasi, Model Rasio Pertumbuhan

Roberto Carmina

Il lavoro prende in esame la casistica e la letteratura sul tema del danno all’immagine degli enti. Tale analisi è funzionale alla relativizzazione dei parametri di giudizio sull’an e sul quantum risarcitorio del danno all’immagine degli enti, dando prevalenza al criterio della futilità del pregiudizio effettivamente subito. / 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠. 𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑗𝑢𝑑𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠, 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑑.

S. LALL, G. KELL

The work argues that while export orientation (in the sense of providing neutral incentives between foreign and domestic markets) is desirable, the experience of successful industrialisers does not support the minimalist government role prescribed. On the contrary, the most successful industrialisers have been dynamic precisely because they intervened heavily in the process of building up technological capabilities. Their interventions were both “functional” and “selective”, though the extent and choice of intervention varied greatly.   JEL Codes: O14  

Ann Woodyard, Cliff Robb

Financial knowledge has been identified as an issue of importance to individual financial wellness. The FINRA Financial Capability Study provides data that make it possible to assess financial knowledge, and to analyze it in the context of financial satisfaction and participation in financial behaviors that are generally considered positive. This paper looks at these relationships by gender and by age group, identifying key differences in outcomes and behaviors. The aim of this study was to identify areas and issues where policy makers can focus efforts, and where practitioners can develop education and therapy protocols to assist clients in financial development and restoration.

Mieczysław Kowerski