Hasil untuk "physics.med-ph"

L. Schneider, A. Korber, S. Grabbe et al.

S. Sauvé, W. Hendershot, H. Allen

E. Bååth, T. Anderson

H. Fang, Hong Liu

J. Llopis, J. Mccaffery, Atsushi Miyawaki et al.

K. Emerson, R. Russo, R. Lund et al.

M. Koivusalo, Christopher M. Welch, H. Hayashi et al.

Inhibitors of Na+/H+ exchange proteins block macropinocytosis by lowering the pH near the plasma membrane, which in turn inhibits actin remodeling by Rho family GTPases.

O. Husson

BackgroundOxidation-reduction and acid–base reactions are essential for the maintenance of all living organisms. However, redox potential (Eh) has received little attention in agronomy, unlike pH, which is regarded as a master variable. Agronomists are probably depriving themselves of a key factor in crop and soil science which could be a useful integrative tool.ScopeThis paper reviews the existing literature on Eh in various disciplines connected to agronomy, whether associated or not with pH, and then integrates this knowledge within a composite framework.ConclusionsThis transdisciplinary review offers evidence that Eh and pH are respectively and jointly major drivers of soil/plant/microorganism systems. Information on the roles of Eh and pH in plant and microorganism physiology and in soil genesis converges to form an operational framework for further studies of soil/plant/microorganism functioning. This framework is based on the hypothesis that plants physiologically function within a specific internal Eh-pH range and that, along with microorganisms, they alter Eh and pH in the rhizosphere to ensure homeostasis at the cell level. This new perspective could help in bridging several disciplines related to agronomy, and across micro and macro-scales. It should help to improve cropping systems design and management, in conventional, organic, and conservation agriculture.

Chunyi Sun, C. Qin, Xinlong Wang et al.

M. McCulloch, J. Falter, J. Trotter et al.

M. H. Lee, Nayoung Park, C. Yi et al.

We report here a mitochondria-targetable pH-sensitive probe that allows for a quantitative measurement of mitochondrial pH changes, as well as the real-time monitoring of pH-related physiological effects in live cells. This system consists of a piperazine-linked naphthalimide as a fluorescence off–on signaling unit, a cationic triphenylphosphonium group for mitochondrial targeting, and a reactive benzyl chloride subunit for mitochondrial fixation. It operates well in a mitochondrial environment within whole cells and displays a desirable off–on fluorescence response to mitochondrial acidification. Moreover, this probe allows for the monitoring of impaired mitochondria undergoing mitophagic elimination as the result of nutrient starvation. It thus allows for the monitoring of the organelle-specific dynamics associated with the conversion between physiological and pathological states.

N. López-Ruiz, V. Curto, M. Erenas et al.

Qiongqiong Wan, Suming Chen, Wen Shi et al.

M. Krogsgaard, M. Behrens, J. S. Pedersen et al.

Warwick P. Bowen

Quantum emitters are a key resource in quantum technologies, microscopy, and other applications. The ability to rapidly detect them is useful both for quality control in engineered emitter arrays and for high-contrast imaging of naturally occurring emitters. Using full photon-counting statistics and optimal Bayesian hypothesis testing, we show that extended Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between quantum emission and a coherent field enables orders-of-magnitude speed-ups in emitter detection under realistic noise and loss. Strikingly, the performance advantage improves as loss and background noise increase, and persists for incoherent emission. Taken together with prior demonstrations of extended Hong-Ou-Mandel interference, this suggest that substantial performance gains are achievable with current technology under realistic, non-ideal conditions. This offers a new approach to fast, low-intensity imaging and for emitter characterization in large-scale quantum systems. Fundamentally, the discovery that quantum interference and measurements, used together, are more robust to both loss and noise than standard measurement techniques opens the possibility of broad applications across quantum metrology.

K. Schouten, E. P. Gallent, M. Koper

Haibo Li, Di Zhang, Xiaozeng Han et al.

A. Idili, A. Vallée‐Bélisle, F. Ricci

Fuquan Tu, Daeyeon Lee

Naoto Haraguchi, Kazunori Hase

The present study investigated the effect of a passive lower-limb exoskeleton on lumbar load and verified the effectiveness of biomechanical analysis for evaluating the physical burden while wearing the exoskeleton. Twelve healthy male participants performed an assembly task under three conditions: standing and high and low sitting while wearing the exoskeleton. We mainly analyzed the joint compression force computed using the musculoskeletal model based on measurements obtained from a motion capture system and force platform. While wearing the exoskeleton, the lumbar joint compression force increased. Analysis of the joint compression force can determine the increase in the lumbar load when wearing an exoskeleton, which is not possible using the traditional analysis of posture and muscular activity. Therefore, biomechanical analysis based on a full-body musculoskeletal model provides valuable information in evaluating the effect of the exoskeleton that attempts to prevent musculoskeletal disorders.