This paper articulates the need for research on the development of general education courses and proposes critical openness as a guiding criterion for such research. Critical openness refers to a mode of discussion concerning theories or topics in which no assumptions or principles are exempt from critical evaluation. This notion reflects both the goals of general education—namely, integration and openness—and the practical realities of education, in which extensive course-taking within a single disciplinary field is neither feasible nor desirable for students. Moreover, critical openness varies across topics and disciplines, as the objects and character of critique differ, resulting in course-specific differentiation. Even in such cases, however, the identity of general education is preserved as critical openness, characterized by the explicit questioning of underlying assumptions and principles.
ABSTRACT The Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) model can be used to explore how faculty prioritize learning about and adopting new pedagogical approaches. Here, we use the DOI framework to contextualize biology faculty perceptions of a professional development (PD) program designed to help them create a full semester course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) class at a large, public comprehensive university. PD sessions included exploring self-reflexive identity while fostering inclusive classroom spaces through understanding and interrupting implicit bias and microaggressions. This qualitative study sought to determine 11 biology faculty members’ beliefs about the influence of their year-long PD on their CURE development and teaching practices. Findings suggest that faculty were motivated to teach CUREs for a variety of reasons. A common incentive was integrating research into a CURE to bring their passion into their classroom and to engage more students in research. This may be particularly important at institutions where faculty have a heavy teaching load. Faculty also reported modifying their teaching in their CUREs and other courses to be more inclusive and equitable. The importance of peer interactions in the PD was emphasized repeatedly as faculty learned from experts, the literature, and faculty who had already developed a CURE. Our results illustrate that a community of practice structure can enhance the learning aspect of the community, helping faculty consider their implementation of inclusive, equitable, and high-impact practices as an ongoing educational process for themselves and emphasizing the importance of reflection and iteration in a DOI framework.
In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the number of online fraud cases. However, research on crime geography has paid little attention to online crimes, especially to the influencing factors behind their spatial distributions. Online fraud is closely related to people’s daily internet use. The existing literature has explored the impact of internet use on online crimes based on small samples of individual interviews. There is a lack of large-scale studies from a community perspective. This study applies the routine activity theory to online activities to test the relationship between online fraud alert data and the usage durations of different types of mobile phone users’ applications (apps) for communities in ZG City. It builds negative binomial regression models for analyzing the impact of the usage of different types of apps on the spatial distribution of online fraud. The results reveal that the online fraud crime rate and the online time spent on a financial management app share the most similar spatial distribution. While financial management, online education, transportation, and search engine app usages have a significant positive association with online fraud, the use of a financial management app has the greatest impact. Additionally, time spent on social media, online shopping and entertainment, and mobile reading apps have a significant negative association with online fraud. As not all online activities lead to cybercrime, crime prevention efforts should target specific types of apps, such as financial management, online education, transportation, and search engines.
Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the second most lethal cancer worldwide because of its high rate of metastasis, and approximately 20% of CRC patients have metastases at initial diagnosis. Metabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of cancer cells, has been implicated in the process of metastasis. We previously demonstrated that fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) promotes the malignancy of CRC cells, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, bioinformatic analysis revealed that FUT2 is associated with the malignant phenotype and fatty acid metabolism in CRC. FUT2 knockdown decreased glucose uptake and de novo fatty acid synthesis, which in turn inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells. Mechanistically, FUT2 promotes YAP1 nuclear translocation and stabilizes mSREBP-1 by fucosylation, thus promoting de novo fatty acid synthesis in CRC cells. In summary, this study demonstrates that FUT2 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells by reprogramming fatty acid metabolism via YAP/TAZ signaling and SREBP-1, indicating that FUT2 might be a potential target for developing therapeutic strategies against CRC.
Denne artikkelen er basert på observasjoner og intervjuer gjort på fire islamskoler i Norge. På disse ikke-formelle trosopplæringsarenaene finner vi spenninger og forhandlinger mellom muslimske normative idealer og hverdagslivets faktiske praksiser og tenkemåter. Vi finner at både moskeledere og foreldre knyttet til disse fellesskapene ønsker å styrke normative tolkninger av islam, samtidig som det er en betydelig anerkjennelse av og aksept for at idealene ikke nødvendigvis etterleves. Informantene framhever verdien av å møtes fysisk til undervisning i en tid med mange online-tilbud. Forfatterne benytter levd hverdagsreligionsperspektivet sammen med blant annet begrepet maksimalistisk islam.
Nøkkelord: ikke-formell trosopplæring, islam, moske, ungdom, idealer
Bienvenido Rodríguez-Lezcano, Doris Jeanlouis, Daniella Agnes Malulu
et al.
Background: dementia has now become a major cause of death, leading to disability and dependence.
Objective: to characterize clinical and epidemiological variables in patients with dementia in Seychelles, from July 2018 to August 2019.
Methods: an observational, descriptive, longitudinal study was performed in a universe of 257 patients treated at the dementia clinic of Victoria Hospital, Seychelles, in the time period stated above. The variables evaluated included: age group, sex, associated risk factors, type of dementia, marital status and educational level. For the clinical evaluation and diagnosis of dementia, Mini-Cog, Lawton and Brody tests and the Katz Independence Index were used. The data were analyzed according to descriptive statistics.
Results: 47.08 % of the universe was diagnosed with dementia, the mean age was 78.61 years. Those aged 80 and over represented 58.68 % and marked female predominance (61.98 %). Sedentarism (84.30 %), high blood pressure (69.42 %) and alcohol intake (65.28 %) as associated risk factors and vascular dementia (39.66 %) and Alzheimer’s disease (38.01 %) were more frequent. Primary education predominated (52.07 %). Married (35.54 %) and widowed as marital status prevailed (32.23 %).
Conclusions: clinical and epidemiological variables were characterized in Seychelles patients with dementia, which generally resemble those reported in the international literature.
This article presents a database containing on-orbit data samples of the Electrical Power System (EPS) from 4 different 1U CubeSats belonging to the BIRDS constellation. The EPS is responsible for providing uninterrupted power to overall satellite both during sunlight and eclipse. The satellites are based on the BIRDS open-source standardized bus designed by Kyutech for research and education. BIRDS bus was used for six satellites that were delivered to ISS on board the Cygnus re-supply spacecraft launched by Antares rocket and released from International Space Station (ISS) into ISS orbit (altitude 400 km, inclination: 51.6°, duration: 92.6 min). The dataset contains the data of voltage (mV), current (mA) and temperature (Celsius) of the battery and solar panels attached to 5 sides of the satellite. This data is collected by the on-board computer every 90 seconds in nominal operation or every 10 seconds in fast sampling mode. The data is downloaded from the satellite memory by the ground station operators. Next, space engineering experts from Kyushu Institute of Technology have analysed the dataset to classify each data sample into normal or anomaly classes. This paper provides one datafile per satellite, that includes data from solar panels and battery since their deployment into orbit until the end of its life for the UGUISU, RAAVANA, and NEPALISAT satellites, first two showing a failure in one of their panels during more than two years of operation on-orbit. The TSURU satellite dataset includes data since its deployment into orbit and will continue to be collected until the end of its life. The dataset generated will be useful for 1U CubeSat, such as BIRDS platform, users, and satellite developers by using it as a reference to compare the behaviour of their Electric Power System under different operating scenarios and align their missions according to the available power on-orbit. At the same time, the dataset can help computer science researchers to build and validate new models for fault diagnosis and outlier detection.
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, Science (General)
Juan Roberto López Gutiérrez, Pedro Ponce, Arturo Molina
In the science and engineering fields of study, a hands-on learning experience is as crucial a part of the learning process for the student as the theoretical aspect of a given subject. With the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, educational institutions were forced to migrate to digital platforms to ensure the continuity of the imparted lectures. The online approach can be challenging for engineering programs, especially in courses that employ practical laboratory methods as the primary teaching strategies. Laboratory courses that include specialized hardware and software cannot migrate to a virtual environment without compromising the advantages that a hands-on method provides to the engineering student. This work assesses different approaches in the virtualization process of a laboratory facility, diving these into key factors such as required communication infrastructure and available technologies; it opens a discussion on the trends and possible obstacles in the virtualization of a Real-Time (RT) laboratory intended for Microgrid education in a power electronics laboratory course, exposing the main simulation strategies that can be used in an RT environment and how these have different effects on the learning process of student, as well as addressing the main competencies an engineering student can strengthen through interaction with RT simulation technologies.
Menelaos Sotiriou, Sofoklis Sotiriou, Franz X. Bogner
In 2015, the EU Educational Policy document “Science Education for Responsible Citizenship” introduced the concept of Open Schooling as a promising approach to transform schools into innovation hubs within their local communities. In an open school environment, external ideas need to challenge traditional internal views and, in turn, to benefit its students as the community it serves. Such engaging environments may vitally contribute to their community when students’ projects introduce real needs into a community outside of school, present them publicly, and enrich local expertise. Additionally, such school environments may foster learner independence—and interdependence—through collaboration and through the provision of opportunities for learners to understand and interrogate their place in the world. In our study, it was realised in the framework of the European Union–supported Coordination Action called “Open Schools for Open Societies” (OSOS), and we have analysed the development process of a large number of schools with a Self-Reflection Tool (OSOS-SRT), focusing on the organisational change during the implementation of the Open Schooling approach. Rooted in the theory of RRI (Responsible Research and Innovation) principles, the tool has shown its potential to analyse the openness level of each school. In this study, we are presenting the validation of the proposed instrument and empirical data from the overall transformation process. The school environments were evaluated for one full academic year by completing two measurements, one before their involvement and one after their engagement in the transformation journey. Participating schools achieved an average increase of 11.34% in their openness levels, while based on the first measurement the lowest performers achieved a 35–45% increase while the higher scorer still reached a small but significant increase in the recorded openness levels. Our findings could act as a reference point for educational policy actions to support school development through cooperation and continuous interaction with external stakeholders. Consequences for school management, development plans, and teachers’ professional development are discussed.
Przedmiotem analizy jest rola Sokratesa jako wychowawcy w ujęciu czeskiego fenomenologa Jana Patočki. Operując ontologicznymi kategoriami ruchu i wstrząsu, próbuje on zbudować filozofią wychowania. Punktem wyjścia jest Sokratejskie pytanie, którego celem jest uświadomienie sobie niepewności i problematyczności świata. Taki negatywny aspekt filozofowania (wychowania) pozwala jednak wznieść się ku transcendencji, w poczuciu, że przekraczając świat, stajemy się sobą samym.
Este artigo aborda a trajetória da educadora Maria Junqueira Schmidt, como uma intelectual católica e forte defensora da pedagogia nova alinhada ao catolicismo. Suas ações dão a ver modos de apropriação dos enunciados da Escola Nova a partir de suas experiências de formação na Europa quanto nos EUA, introduzidas no Brasil no ensino de línguas vivas, designadamente no ensino de francês. Notícias de jornais e relatórios de viagens, publicados na imprensa periódica, foram as principais fontes mobilizados nesta pesquisa, indicativas dos modos de apropriação da referida educadora. Pode-se dizer que, a partir da militância como intelectual e educadora católica, Maria Junqueira Schmidt inseriu-se e afirmou-se no campo da produção intelectual do país, tendo a educação como seu lugar privilegiado de fala.
Aims: In the world, many elderly people are cared by informal caregivers. Caring for elderly people with a special condition such as veterans can affect the mental health of caregivers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and depression among the family caregivers of chemical warfare elderly veterans.
Instruments & Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study carried out among 142 family caregivers of chemical warfare elderly veterans in Sardash in 2018. The subjects were selected using purposive sampling method. The data were collected through Center for Epidemiological Study of Depression Scale (CES-D) and Sherer’s General Self-Efficacy (GSES) and were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using Chi square, Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, and logistic regression tests.
Findings: The prevalence of depression among caregivers was 52.8%. The subjects in the age group of 41-50 years old, high economic status, born in the village and with self-efficacy had lower depression. Also, the dimension of “intention of behavior” had the highest effect on the change in the depression score. Moreover, caregivers who had higher self-efficacy (OR=0.918; CI=0.859-0.981) and higher age (OR=0.932; CI=0.875-0.993) were less depressed, and caregivers who had high economic status were less depressed (OR=0.267; CI=0.065-0.948).
Conclusion: Family caregivers of chemical warfare elderly veterans with higher self-efficacy, higher age and, high economic status are less depressed.
One of the most important objectives of this article is analyse wether or not the idea of the Indonesian identity as a maritime nation is instructed at school in the form of teaching materials. In this respect the history subject at senior high school bocomes the focus of the study. The history subject strategically can be benefitted as the medium of strengthening the Indonesian naitonal identity as a maritime nation. This matter is very important to be studied considering the fact that untill now the issue of national identity of Indonesian nation is still to be debated wether or not Indonesia will be developed to be maritime state or conversely to be agrarian state. But many Indonesian believe that their ancestors were maritime people. And they confident that only the people who built the country based on thier identity could be a great nation. This article argues that although the maritime history of the great potential in the process of identity formation of Indonesia as a maritime nation and has the potential to strengthen national integration, but aspects of maritime history has not taught proportionally in Indonesian history textbooks.
Gerardo Ignacio Sánchez Sánchez, Ximena Elizabeth Jara Amigo
El escenario actual de postmodernidad le plantea a la formación inicial de docentes el desafío de asegurar una adecuada inserción a contextos escolares altamente tensionados en sus demandas formativas. Esta investigación indaga, las representaciones que profesores en formación desarrollan del trabajo docente y las relaciones con el estudiante de educación primaria. Con un abordaje metodológico cualitativo, de alcance exploratorio – descriptivo, a partir del uso de entrevistas, el trabajo se configuró en una zona de diálogo con 50 estudiantes de pedagogía básica, de las menciones de lenguaje, matemática, ciencias naturales y ciencias sociales de la Universidad Católica del Maule. Los resultados muestran la representación del trabajo docente como una tarea humana dotada de una complejidad que se deriva del requerimiento de integralidad y de las demandas de una sociedad diversa y tecnológica. Se puede concluir que el proceso de incorporación al aula enfrenta a los docentes en formación a un territorio que hoy se define complejo e incierto. Debido a lo anterior es preciso asumir que los estudiantes son activos y heterogéneos, en sus disposiciones, intereses y capacidad de aprender y, en consecuencia, tensionan la relación y el status tradicional de autoridad docente. Desde el punto de vista de las implicancias para la formación inicial, este grupo de profesores en práctica no logra advertir que la misma racionalidad con la cual opera la institución escolar explica, en gran medida, la complejidad del nuevo territorio donde tendrá que llevar a cabo su trabajo
Poziom kapitału społecznego może wywierać znaczący wpływ na efektywność procesu ponownego przystosowania się do funkcjonowania w warunkach wolnościowych osób mających za sobą pobyt w więzieniu. Środowisko lokalne, w którym żyje każdy człowiek, przez oddolnie powstające stowarzyszenia i obywatelskie inicjatywy, jest miejscem alokacji zasobów kapitału społecznego, który sprzyja generowaniu nowych typów więzi oraz inicjowaniu działań również o charakterze integracyjnym i inkluzyjnym. W artykule przeanalizowano kwestie uwarunkowań, towarzyszących kształtowaniu się kapitału społecznego. Zwrócono uwagę na ogólne prawidłowości tworzenia się postaw społecznych. Wnikliwie ukazano rolę postaw społecznych w procesie readaptacji społecznej skazanych.