Hasil untuk "Architectural drawing and design"

Ruth Stevens, Ann Petermans, Jan Vanrie

Xiao Ma, Greta Weston Werner, D. Rogers

ABSTRACT This study examines property developers' strategic responses to housing price downturns, focusing on shifting architectural design decisions. When prices dropped, non-occupant investors retreated while investor-occupiers became the dominant buyer group. We investigated how developers adapted their design quality strategies to target this changing market during a period of housing value depreciation. Drawing on 40 semi-structured interviews with development professionals in Sydney, Australia, we found that the development professionals involved in our study sought to improve the customers’ perception of the architectural design quality of the development in response to the changing consumer type in a period of housing value depreciation. We conceptualize this emphasis on design quality as cultural capital that gained importance during the market downturn, beyond purely economic considerations. Our findings suggest that policy interventions are necessary to maintain design standards during housing market booms, when economic pressures may compromize architectural quality in favour of profit maximization..

Federica Giuliani, Jurji Filieri

Il daylighting design rappresenta oggi una componente essenziale nella progettazione architettonica, in relazione a obiettivi ambientali, qualitativi e percettivi. Tuttavia, nonostante il crescente interesse verso la luce naturale, permangono lacune significative nella formazione e nella pratica progettuale, spesso legata a logiche prestazionali o standardizzate. Il progetto SOLARIA (Sistema Operativo di supporto alle scelte progettuali per LA progettazione ARchitettonica basata sull’Intelligenza ArtificIAle) nasce per supportare la costruzione di una consapevolezza progettuale più articolata, attraverso un sistema di supporto decisionale (DSS) basato su intelligenza artificiale non-generativa. Il sistema restituisce informazioni qualitative e contestuali, organizzate in due repertori (strategie e dispositivi), e guida il progettista nella fase preliminare mediante un’interfaccia a query. L’obiettivo è restituire centralità alla luce come materia progettuale, attivando un uso critico e creativo dell’informazione, e contribuendo a una cultura del progetto più sensibile, informata e sostenibile.

Weiying KONG, Yizhuo LIU, Sichun DONG et al.

ObjectiveIn the contemporary global context, urban areas are increasingly confronted with the dual pressures of global climate change and rapid urbanization. These pressures have led to a significant rise in urban temperature, thereby amplifying the importance of blue-green spaces in mitigating the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Blue-green spaces, which include natural water bodies, parks, green corridors, and other vegetated areas, play a crucial role in regulating urban microclimates. As cities enter an era of stock development, where the focus shifts from expansion to optimization of existing resources, the strategic configuration of these spaces has become a cornerstone for enhancing urban thermal environments. Understanding the cooling mechanisms of blue-green spaces at various spatial scales is essential for improving urban thermal comfort and guiding the planning and construction of urban blue-green infrastructure.MethodsThis research focuses on the central urban area of Xi’an, a city that has experienced substantial urban growth over the past decade. By employing a combination of spatial autocorrelation analysis and a multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model, the research examines the change characteristics of blue-green spaces and their impact on land surface temperature from 2013 to 2023. The findings reveal the spatial heterogeneity of cooling effects and offer tailored optimization strategies for blue-green spaces across diverse urban contexts. The research methodology involves selecting six representative landscape indices to evaluate the changes in blue-green space patterns in the central urban area of Xi’an. These indices are carefully chosen to capture the nuances of spatial configuration, fragmentation, and connectivity of blue-green spaces. Spatial autocorrelation analysis is utilized to identify spatial clustering and patterns extracted from the data collected, while the MGWR model is adopted for a more granular examination of the relationship between landscape indices and land surface temperature levels. This integrated approach not only reveals the factors influencing the cooling effects of blue-green spaces but also highlights their spatial variability across the urban landscape.ResultsThe results of the research are both revealing and instructive. 1) The blue-green space patterns in the central urban area of Xi’an underwent significant changes over the research period, reflecting the dynamic interplay between urban development and environmental management. 2) The spatial distribution of land surface temperature exhibits a distinct pattern of being “high in the north and low in the south”. The central area, characterized by dense urban fabric, shows minimal fluctuations in land surface temperature, whereas low-temperature zones are predominantly concentrated in the southern part of Baqiao District. This uneven thermal distribution underscores the complexity of urban heat dynamics and the need for targeted interventions. 3) The relationship between landscape indices and land surface temperature changes displays notable spatial heterogeneity. In high-density urban areas, small and complex blue-green patches demonstrate stronger cooling effects, emphasizing the importance of intricate designs in densely built environments where space is limited but the need for effective cooling is significant. In contrast, suburban areas benefit from avoiding the aggregation of large blue-green patches, which may otherwise hinder effective cooling due to reduced air circulation and increased shading. Near large water bodies, regularly shaped and highly connected blue-green patches are found to be particularly effective in reducing land surface temperature, highlighting the synergistic effects of water and vegetation in enhancing cooling performance and suggesting that integrated blue-green networks can maximize thermal benefits.ConclusionThe research concludes that the relationship between temperature changes and blue-green space changes in the central urban area of Xi’an is significant and characterized by strong spatial heterogeneity during the period from 2013 to 2023, with the cooling effects of blue-green spaces found varying by their spatial attributes and the characteristics of the surrounding urban environment. These findings highlight the necessity for region-specific optimization strategies to maximize the cooling potential of blue-green spaces. By integrating spatial analysis and regression modeling, the research provides a detailed understanding of the cooling mechanisms of blue-green spaces across diverse urban contexts. The results emphasize the importance of tailoring blue-green space designs to local conditions, considering factors such as urban density, proximity to water bodies, and regional climatic characteristics. This approach enhances the effectiveness of blue-green spaces in mitigating the urban heat island effect and contributes to the creation of more sustainable and thermally comfortable urban environments. The research advocates a holistic and adaptive urban planning strategy, where blue-green spaces are strategically designed and managed to address the unique thermal challenges of different urban areas. This research offers valuable guidance for policymakers and urban planners aiming to optimize blue-green infrastructure and improve urban resilience in the face of climate change and urbanization.

Adam Fitriawijaya, Taysheng Jeng

Multimodal generative AI and generative design empower architects to create better-performing, sustainable, and efficient design solutions and explore diverse design possibilities. Blockchain technology ensures secure data management and traceability. This study aims to design and evaluate a framework that integrates blockchain into generative AI-driven design drawing processes in architectural design to enhance authenticity and traceability. We employed a scenario as an example to integrate generative AI and blockchain into architectural designs by using a generative AI tool and leveraging multimodal generative AI to enhance design creativity by combining textual and visual inputs. These images were stored on blockchain systems, where metadata were attached to each image before being converted into NFT format, which ensured secure data ownership and management. This research exemplifies the pragmatic fusion of generative AI and blockchain technology applied in architectural design for more transparent, secure, and effective results in the early stages of the architectural design process.

A. Alsswey, Malakeh. Z. Malak, F. El-Qirem

Few empirical studies have explored the effect of using VR technology in educational institutions in Jordan. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of using the VR gravity sketch tool on Architecture and Design university students’ perceptions of usability, suitability, satisfaction, and self-efficacy in Jordan. A pre–post-test control group was used and 161 students (81 in the intervention group and 80 in the control group) from Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan enrolled in the Free Drawing course were recruited. Findings showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups post-VR simulation for usability, suitability satisfaction, and self-efficacy among students in the intervention group and there was a significant difference in the aforementioned variables between both groups. Thus, this study suggested that VR simulation was effective in training architecture and design students. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate VR into the educational curriculum as a learning strategy for students.

Juan Manuel Lozano de Poo

La interacción social se ha transformado significativamente por la omnipresencia en el hogar de dispositivos portátiles conectados a la red. Las plataformas digitales son parte de la vida doméstica y abarcan prácticamente el espectro completo de la actividad humana. Los cambios y las permanencias en las formas de habitar dan cuenta del fenómeno de la digitalización y las implicaciones que tienen las formas de comunicación impuestas en la era de la información sobre las personas. Este trabajo explora la producción y reproducción de nuevos patrones de interacción y modos de habitar desde lo privado, bajo una multiplicidad intergeneracional de conformaciones familiares (solteros, nido completo, nido vacío y madres/padres solteros) que se encuentran en las tres etapas del ciclo de la vida. Los nuevos usos y organizaciones espaciotemporales en el hogar digitalizado están resignificando las dimensiones de corporeidad y contigüidad; ambas cualidades constitutivas para el cuidado del ser y la existencia humana. Como consecuencia, las alteraciones en la proximidad y el aislamiento entre los seres humanos producto de la digitalización exhiben una domesticidad supeditada a la interacción ciberfísica acrítica en el habitar de la tercera década de siglo XXI.

Alessandro Spennato

Il graphic design ha subito una notevole evoluzione nel corso del XX secolo, in parte a causa delle innovazioni tecnologiche e in parte per l’influenza dei movimenti artistici moderni, che hanno modificato il modo in cui la comunicazione visiva veniva concepita. Questa trasformazione è strettamente connessa a figure pionieristiche come Gio Ponti, il cui contributo non si limita all’architettura e al design industriale, ma si estende anche al campo del graphic design, influenzandone profondamente lo sviluppo e la diffusione. Ponti rappresenta un esempio di artista totale, capace di fondere insieme varie discipline artistiche e di applicare una visione estetica integrata ai suoi progetti. Il suo lavoro ha ispirato generazioni di designer, ponendo le basi per le tendenze minimaliste e funzionaliste che caratterizzano il design contemporaneo. L’obiettivo di questo articolo è quello di esplorare l’evoluzione del graphic design nel contesto delle innovazioni tecnologiche e dei movimenti artistici modernisti, sottolineando il ruolo cruciale svolto da Gio Ponti in questo processo e il suo lascito nel panorama del design contemporaneo.

Carles Pamies, Albert Sanchez, Isidro Navarro

<p>Advances in photogrammetric surveys and immersive visualization through Virtual Reality (VR) have brought about a revolution in all areas of architectural representation. Architectural heritage has not escaped this revolution, since these techniques make possible the recovery of heritage elements that are currently missing or decontextualized, which otherwise would not be possible to contemplate. This article develops a paradigmatic case in this field such as the recovery of the Gothic choir of the Cathedral of Girona, completely dismantled and partially preserved in different locations of the Spanish geography. Based on previous work of recontextualization of similar environments carried out by the authors (Sánchez Riera et al., 2022a), this paper describes the construction of a virtual and hyperrealistic immersive model of the missing ensemble and its original context. The geometric and luminic integration of both models is shown in a self-developed application and different scenes built by means of its use are exemplified. The proposal allows the interactive visualization of the complex by switching between its current and original states. The possibility of consulting additional information on certain singular elements, now disappeared or decontextualized, in the very location for which they were originally conceived, aims to promote their study and dissemination. It will also make it possible to establish hypotheses about their original design, use and configuration, ultimately promoting the conservation of architectural heritage that would otherwise remain forgotten</p><p>DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.30.2023.8</p>

Nan-Ching Tai

The advances in computer-aided design tools have enabled design visualization and realization to become more efficient and effective. However, these fast-growing digital technologies are also gradually reducing the presence of hand drawings in architectural education. This leads to a reduction in the ability to be inspired from the direct observation of the architectural environment through on-site freehand sketching. This study aims to implement digital technology as a teaching aid to retrieve these lost abilities. Analytical drawing is a method that encourages thinking before drawing, laying out the invisible underlying structure, and finalizing it with a visible appearance. This method remains an effective way of three-dimensional visual thinking. Accordingly, this study presents an interactive smartphone application that brings computer-assisted instructions into mobile learning. Promising responses from students revealed that using digital technology as a teaching aid can help to retrieve the lost abilities of visual thinking through on-site sketching.

Andrea Conti, Luigi Bartolomei

in_bo vol. 13 no. 17 focuses on one of its main themes of interest – the sacred – and investigates it according to the relationship between sacred architecture and design pedagogy in contemporary schools of architecture. Edited by Luigi Bartolomei and Andrea Conti, the issue draws a reflection from the sacred understood as the object of highest expression in architectural projects, to the intrinsic relationship between design pedagogy and sacred, intended as a complex of rituals that constitutes the educational practices in architecture. Authors’ contributions span from case studies of design studios to theoretical reflections, and analysis of educational and professional practices of architects and artists.

Adolfo F. L. Baratta

Manuela Piscitelli

<p>The paper presents the results of a survey campaign carried out on the church of Santa Maria della Purità in Giugliano in Campania, a fine example of Baroque sacred architecture built on the designs of the famous architect Domenico Antonio Vaccaro. The church has been closed to the public for 27 years due to the danger of falling portions of stucco and plaster, damaged by copious water infiltration, and has lesions on the intrados of the dome. On the extrados, on the other hand, portions of the covering’s majolica tiles are missing, and vegetation is present. The survey therefore aimed to document both the geometry of the building, of which a recent survey was not available, and the deteriorating conditions of the structure and cladding. Due to the unsafe conditions limiting the stay inside the church, it was decided to use expeditious data acquisition procedures. The survey of the church of Santa Maria della Purità was carried out with the integration of two instrumentations: the drone survey of the exterior, which was especially useful for documenting the extrados of the dome and the bell tower, and the terrestrial laser scanner survey for acquiring data on the interior of the church. In both cases, the latest generation of instrumentation was used, with simple usability, good accuracy and short time frames. The result is a georeferenced point cloud, which can also be visualized in the form of a 3D mesh, that can be used for the interpretation of the artifact, its geometric characteristics and its condition of degradation.</p><p> </p><p>DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.29.2022.7</p>

Hristina Meseldžija

Radical changes in architectural thinking resulted in shifting the role of drawing in the architectural design process. This paper examines the act of reading the architectural drawing in contemporary design practice. Focusing on the field of humanities, this paper aims to define different perspectives of understanding and interpreting the work of drawing. Various positions of contemporary architectural drawing can be traced by following two parallel lines of development, whose theoretical settings are still important and relevant in the present-day. These pathways share their common ground in Ferdinand de Saussure?s setting of linguistic theory from the late nineteenth century. Architects engaged in the academic work, as well as practitioners, showed great interest for philosophy and new philosophical practices, which later contributed in re-examining the architectural discipline and establishing a new theoretical framework. In the 1960s, due to a change in the architectural paradigm caused by the current anthropocentrism and the breakthrough of the humanities into the architectural discipline, architecture articulated its own trends, building on the premises of French philosophers. The rising interest for philosophers who based their doctrines on the development of linguistic theory generated two overriding methodological directions - structuralism, with a focus on the idea of establishing universal internal structures as cultural foundations, and poststructuralism - as its critique, which shifts focus to radical articulation of the specificity of individual elements. Considering the terms invariance and difference as the basic concepts, the subject of analysis of this paper is an architectural drawing which in the contemporary architectural education as the most meritorious field of research in architectural design, occupies different forms and enjoys manifold interpretations in different contexts.

S. Sajjadian, M. Jafari, Xin Chen

Nan Li, Wenbin Gong

With the development of architectural design, people's requirements for building structure are constantly improving. Building structure has not only stayed on practical value, it has also integrated people's pursuit of art, society, and economic factors. The architectural structure is more flexible in design, rich in shapes, complex in structure and diverse in expression. Traditional architectural forms that rely solely on the designer's personal experience and subjective judgments have long been unable to meet the requirements of architectural structural design. Traditional experimental verification and manual analysis and design methods have also become difficult to meet the needs of modern engineering. A series of factors make the architectural structure in the design field, problems such as difficulty in design, low efficiency, and lengthened design and construction period have appeared. Changes in the market have also prompted changes in the field of architectural design. With the advancement of computer technology and its development in the field of architectural structural design, people are paying more and more attention to computer-aided development technology (CAD). CAD can improve the work efficiency of the designer, reduce the work of the designer, and is very helpful to improve the quality of the design. The purpose of this article is to study the application of computer CAD drawing software in civil engineering architectural design and structural design. Based on the application basis of computer-aided architectural design, this article first analyzes the advantages of computer design technology as the basic system structure of the building design graphics platform, and then takes the important position of architectural digital technology in the field of contemporary architecture, and finally realizes the CAD drawing software in civil engineering application of architectural design and structural design.

Pierpaolo D'Agostino, Raffaele Merone, Francesco Pugliese

<p>Nowadays, the implementation of complementary virtual approaches to the in situ visit of archaeological sites is a preeminent topic in the field of the fruition of cultural heritage, even more today following the pandemic restrictions.</p><p>The aim of this work is thus to present a comprehensive framework for the fruition and the digital knowledge of the archaeological traces composing the Augustan Aqueduct, the Aqua Augusta Campaniae and its terminal reservoir, the Piscina Mirabilis in Bacoli (Italy). This model aims to be not only informative, but also as both a tool supporting learners and an archive gathering the information collected during the research activities. The traces composing the route of the Augustan Aqueduct are not completely accessible to public visitors, being the Roman infrastructure built almost entirely underground, across tuffaceous banks. </p><p>Within the framework of this work, specific attention was thus paid to the communication language to be adopted for all the implemented digital tools. The vision was to conceive the framework as a complementary instrument of the physical visit, capable of providing exclusively the information that cannot be learnt directly in situ. The tool was based on the development of an applied game working in a virtual environment, as well as applications running in augmented reality (AR). The instrumental workflow was based on the interface of different commercial software and apps, such as Rhinoceros3D for 3D modelling, Augment for the augmented reality and Unreal Engine for game engines.</p><p>DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.27.2021.18</p>

Ericka Fosado Centeno

Los retos socioambientales actuales exigen responder a diversos objetivos a la vez, si se busca un orden justo y sustentable destacan dos problemáticas: el cambio climático y la desigualdad de género. Ambas se conectan con la forma en que habitamos las ciudades. En este contexto se estudia el ciclismo urbano siguiendo dos objetivos: identificar qué sostiene la brecha entre mujeres y hombres en esta práctica y conocer si ésta favorece cambios en el orden de género. Para ello se realizó un estudio cualitativo en el que se reconstruyó el proceso de conformación de la práctica ciclista con base en entrevistas en profundidad realizadas con mujeres y hombres de la Ciudad de México. Destacan tres hallazgos: a) la experiencia de trayectos seguros y la participación en colectivos ciclistas establecen diferencias entre mujeres y hombres; b) el ciclismo urbano favorece la flexibilización de normas de género; 3) es una práctica que puede conducir al surgimiento de una agencia socioecológica interesada en la habitabilidad, la seguridad, la colectividad y los cuidados, contenidos que desafían el orden de género. Se concluye sobre la pertinencia de impulsar esta alternativa de movilidad e indicando algunas claves para fomentarla de manera incluyente.

Abhay Yadav, Devesh Ojha

This work aims to complete the planning and architectural drawing of the G+10 building. The planning is carried out in AutoCAD followed by architectural drawing in Auto-desk 3DS MAX 2015. The rendering of this work has been done in LUMION 10. The building design is a multi-story residential building i.e., G+10. The building is rectangular in shape. The ground floor is left as a parking space for 40 flats of the building. Every floor has 4 flats, two 2bhk and two 3bhk. Plans for all the floors are identical. The orientation of the building is in such a way that the front is facing towards the south. The building has been designed as an RCC framed structure and the type of wall is a brick wall.

Lachlan Brown, Michael Yip, Nicole Gardner et al.