Mapping social-ecological connectivity of small scale fisheries: A network-based study in Paraja Bay, Banten, Indonesia

The small-scale fisheries of Paraja Bay are a complex system that plays a vital role in people's livelihoods. This study aims to map the connectivity of social-ecological components in small-scale fisheries systems in Paraja Bay, Banten, Indonesia. Social-Ecological Systems Framework (SESF) approach was applied to identify key variables in the small-scale fisheries system. The SESF variables were then analyzed using Social- Ecological Networks Analysis (SENA) with the igraph program in R. The analysis revealed 33 nodes and 58 edges of interaction in the system. The analysis identified fishing activity (FishAktv) and regulation as the most central nodes, which are important links in the system. Nodes such as income, debt, and lift net owners also function as strategic nodes in connecting the social, economic, and institutional dimensions. The results show the importance of key elements such as economics and governance for intervention and policy in system networking. The combined SESF and SENA approach has proven to provide a more holistic understanding of the dynamics of small-scale fisheries systems.