Hasil untuk "Renewable energy sources"

A. Kebede, T. Kalogiannis, J. Van Mierlo et al.

Tze-Zhang Ang, M. Salem, M. Kamarol et al.

P. A. Owusu, Samuel Asumadu-Sarkodie

Abstract The world is fast becoming a global village due to the increasing daily requirement of energy by all population across the world while the earth in its form cannot change. The need for energy and its related services to satisfy human social and economic development, welfare and health is increasing. Returning to renewables to help mitigate climate change is an excellent approach which needs to be sustainable in order to meet energy demand of future generations. The study reviewed the opportunities associated with renewable energy sources which includes: Energy Security, Energy Access, Social and Economic development, Climate Change Mitigation, and reduction of environmental and health impacts. Despite these opportunities, there are challenges that hinder the sustainability of renewable energy sources towards climate change mitigation. These challenges include Market failures, lack of information, access to raw materials for future renewable resource deployment, and our daily carbon footprint. The study suggested some measures and policy recommendations which when considered would help achieve the goal of renewable energy thus to reduce emissions, mitigate climate change and provide a clean environment as well as clean energy for all and future generations.

S. Sinsel, R. L. Riemke, V. Hoffmann

Abstract Variable renewables such as solar photovoltaics and wind power are key technologies for achieving the decarbonization of the power sector. However, they differ significantly from conventional power generation sources. As the share of variable renewables increases, these differences lead to numerous challenges in power systems. Failure to deal with these challenges may jeopardize power system reliability or the achievement of decarbonization targets. Various solution technologies are available to mitigate these challenges. The extant literature, however, lacks clarity on the scope of the challenges and the solution technologies to address them. This study provides a comprehensive overview of challenges and solution technologies among all domains of the power system. The interrelation matrix of challenges and solution technologies developed in this study provides important insights: First, solution technologies vary significantly in their potential to solve certain challenges. The solution potential of different technologies can therefore help prioritize solution technologies in addition to focusing on cost-effective options. Second, it is possible to identify groups of solution technologies that can help mitigate certain challenge groups. The categorization developed in this paper helps to better specify the need for specific solution technologies and enhances transparency of the complex process of renewable energy integration.

Atika Qazi, Fayaz Hussain, N. Rahim et al.

The use of renewable energy resources, such as solar, wind, and biomass will not diminish their availability. Sunlight being a constant source of energy is used to meet the ever-increasing energy need. This review discusses the world’s energy needs, renewable energy technologies for domestic use, and highlights public opinions on renewable energy. A systematic review of the literature was conducted from 2009 to 2018. During this process, more than 300 articles were classified and 42 papers were filtered for critical review. The literature analysis showed that despite serious efforts at all levels to reduce reliance on fossil fuels by promoting renewable energy as its alternative, fossil fuels continue to contribute 73.5% to the worldwide electricity production in 2017. Conversely, renewable sources contributed only 26.5%. Furthermore, this study highlights that the lack of public awareness is a major barrier to the acceptance of renewable energy technologies. The results of this study show that worldwide energy crises can be managed by integrating renewable energy sources in the power generation. Moreover, in order to facilitate the development of renewable energy technologies, this systematic review has highlighted the importance of public opinion and performed a real-time analysis of public tweets. This example of tweet analysis is a relatively novel initiative in a review study that will seek to direct the attention of future researchers and policymakers toward public opinion and recommend the implications to both academia and industries.

N. Panwar, S. C. Kaushik, S. Kothari

J. Jurasz, Fausto A. Canales, Alexander Kies et al.

Abstract Global and regional trends indicate that energy demand will soon be covered by a widespread deployment of renewable energy sources. However, the weather and climate driven energy sources are characterized by a significant spatial and temporal variability. One of the commonly mentioned solutions to overcome the mismatch between demand and supply provided by renewable generation is a hybridization of two or more energy sources into a single power station (like wind-solar, solar-hydro or solar-wind-hydro). The operation of hybrid energy sources is based on the complementary nature of renewable sources. Considering the growing importance of such systems and increasing number of research activities in this area this paper presents a comprehensive review of studies which investigated, analyzed, quantified and utilized the effect of temporal, spatial and spatiotemporal complementarity between renewable energy sources. The review starts with a brief overview of available research papers, formulates detailed definition of major concepts, summarizes current research directions and ends with prospective future research activities. The review provides a chronological and spatial information with regard to the studies on the complementarity concept.

J. Solís, L. Franquelo, J. Bialasiewicz et al.

The use of distributed energy resources is increasingly being pursued as a supplement and an alternative to large conventional central power stations. The specification of a power-electronic interface is subject to requirements related not only to the renewable energy source itself but also to its effects on the power-system operation, especially where the intermittent energy source constitutes a significant part of the total system capacity. In this paper, new trends in power electronics for the integration of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power generators are presented. A review of the appropriate storage-system technology used for the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources is also introduced. Discussions about common and future trends in renewable energy systems based on reliability and maturity of each technology are presented

Armin Razmjoo, L. G. Kaigutha, M. A. V. Rad et al.

Abstract Reduction of carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) emissions will have a positive impact on the environment by preventing adverse effects of global warming. To achieve an eco-environment, the primary source of energy needs to shift from fossil fuels to clean renewable energy. Thus, increased utilization of renewable energy overtime reduces air pollution and contributes to securing sustainable energy supply to satisfy future energy needs. The main purpose of this study is to investigate several sustainable hybrid renewable systems for electricity production in Iran. In this regard, critical indicators that have the strongest impact on the environment and energy sustainability are presented in this study. After a comprehensive review of environmental issues, data was collected from the meteorological organization and a techno-economic assessment was performed using HOMER software. It was concluded that the hybrid configuration composed of photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine, diesel generator and battery produced the best outcome with an energy cost of 0.151$/kWh and 15.6% return on investment. In addition, the results showed that with a higher renewable fraction exceeding 72%, this hybrid system can reduce more than 2000 Kg of CO 2 emission per household annually. Although excess electricity generation is a challenge in stand-alone systems, by using the fuel cell, an electrolyzer, and a hydrogen tank unit, the amount of energy loss was reduced to less than one-sixth. These results show that selecting useful indicators such as appropriate implementation of policies of new enabling technologies and investments on renewable energy resources, has three potential benefits namely: CO 2 reduction, greater sustainable electricity generation and provides an economic justication for stakeholders to invest in the renewable energy sector.

X. Chen, Kienpin Tee, Marwa Elnahass et al.

This study investigates the impact of renewable and non-renewable energy sources on carbon emissions in the context of China's 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025). The plan emphasises a "Dual-control" strategy of simultaneously setting energy consumption limits and reducing energy intensity for GDP (gross domestic product) in order to meet the targets of the five-year plan. Using a comprehensive dataset of Chinese energy and macroeconomic information spanning from 1990 to 2022, we conduct a Granger causality analysis to explore the relationship between energy sources and the level of air pollution. Our findings reveal a unidirectional link, wherein renewable energy contributes to a reduction in air pollution, while non-renewable energy sources lead to an increase. Despite the government's investment in renewable energy, our results show that China's economy remains heavily reliant on traditional energy sources (e.g., fossil fuels). This research is the first systematic examination of the interplay between energy usage and carbon emissions in the Chinese context. Our findings provide valuable insights for policy and market strategies aimed at promoting carbon neutrality and driving technological advancements in both government and industries.

Haobo Zhang, W. Xiang, Weixing Lin et al.

—— The renewable energy sources (RESs) dominated power grid is an envisaged infrastructure of the future power system, where the commonly used grid following (GFL) control for grid-tied converters suffers from lacking grid support capa‐ bility, low stability, etc. Recently, emerging grid forming (GFM) control methods have been proposed to improve the dynamic performance and stability of grid-tied converters. This paper re‐ views existing GFM control methods for the grid-tied convert‐ ers and compares them in terms of control structure, grid sup‐ port capability, fault current limiting, and stability. Considering the impact of fault current limiting strategies, a comprehensive transient stability analysis is provided. In addition, this paper explores the typical applications of GFM converters, such as AC microgrid and offshore wind farm high-voltage direct cur‐ rent (OWF-HVDC) integration systems. Finally, the challenges to the GFM converters in future applications are discussed.

S. Algarni, V. Tirth, Talal Alqahtani et al.

Tarun Kataray, B. Nitesh, Bharath Yarram et al.

Jianqin Zheng, Jiangshan Du, Bohong Wang et al.

T. Agajie, Ahmed Ali, A. Fopah-Lele et al.

Renewable energy solutions are appropriate for on-grid and off-grid applications, acting as a supporter for the utility network or rural locations without the need to develop or extend costly and difficult grid infrastructure. As a result, hybrid renewable energy sources have become a popular option for grid-connected or standalone systems. This paper examines hybrid renewable energy power production systems with a focus on energy sustainability, reliability due to irregularities, techno-economic feasibility, and being environmentally friendly. In attaining a reliable, clean, and cost-effective system, sizing optimal hybrid renewable energy sources (HRES) is a crucial challenge. The presenters went further to outline the best sizing approach that can be used in HRES, taking into consideration the key components, parameters, methods, and data. Moreover, the goal functions, constraints from design, system components, optimization software tools, and meta-heuristic algorithm methodologies were highlighted for the available studies in this timely synopsis of the state of the art. Additionally, current issues resulting from scaling HRES were also identified and discussed. The latest trends and advances in planning problems were thoroughly addressed. Finally, this paper provides suggestions for further research into the appropriate component sizing in HRES.

A. Sarker, A. Azad, M. Rasul et al.

Hydrogen is one of the prospective clean energies that could potentially address two pressing areas of global concern, namely energy crises and environmental issues. Nowadays, fossil-based technologies are widely used to produce hydrogen and release higher greenhouse gas emissions during the process. Decarbonizing the planet has been one of the major goals in the recent decades. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to find clean, sustainable, and reliable hydrogen production technologies with low costs and zero emissions. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the hydrogen generation from solar and wind energy sources and observe broad prospects with hybrid renewable energy sources in producing green hydrogen. The study mainly focuses on the critical assessment of solar, wind, and hybrid-powered electrolysis technologies in producing hydrogen. Furthermore, the key challenges and opportunities associated with commercial-scale deployment are addressed. Finally, the potential applications and their scopes are discussed to analyse the important barriers to the overall commercial development of solar-wind-based hydrogen production systems. The study found that the production of hydrogen appears to be the best candidate to be employed for multiple purposes, blending the roles of fuel energy carrier and energy storage modality. Further studies are recommended to find technical and sustainable solutions to overcome the current issues that are identified in this study.

Jin Zhao, A. K. Patwary, A. Qayyum et al.

Abstract This study seeks to evaluate potential solutions to Pakistan's energy shortages based on a renewable green hydrogen source provided by geothermal, wind, biomass, and solar energy. To this end, the application of multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and the Fuzzy-analytical hierarchical process was tested on four primary criteria: social acceptance, economic, commercialization, and environmental. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to analyze the development of hydrogen energy using existing renewable sources under the set parameters. Based on results from the fuzzy-led DEA study, the efficiency of wind energy sources is best adapted to produce hydrogen energy for all four criteria in Pakistan. The DEA-led analysis also deems wind energy to be Pakistan's effective source of hydrogen energy. In other words, to produce hydrogen energy, the findings revealed the best optimal rank 1.00 for wind energy, second highest score 0.97 for biomass, third rank for solar energy with a score of 0.75, and geothermal ranked at last position with a score of 0.662. The findings emphasize that the development of wind energy projects will help to fulfill local energy requirements and minimize fossil energy usage. This study can assist policymakers design fact-based initiatives in their particular regions of hydrogen energy.

A. Worku, D. W. Ayele, Deva Brinda Deepak et al.

Currently, fossil fuels play a major role in meeting the world's energy demand. Fossil fuels, in contrast, threaten the planet's ecosystems and biological processes, contribute to global warming, and result in unfavorable climatic shifts. These energy sources are also finite and will eventually deplete. Thus, energy transition, which is the key from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, is regarded as an essential course of action for decarbonizing the global economy and reducing the catastrophic and irreversible effects of climate change. Thereby using/consuming green hydrogen energy is a vital solution to meet the world's challenges. Subsequently, the pros and cons of several hydrogen generation methods, such as the conversion of fossil fuels, biomass, water electrolysis, microbial fermentation, and photocatalysis, are then compared and outlined in terms of their technologies, economies, consumption of energy, environmental aspects, and costs. Currently, the chemical industry uses green hydrogen (H2) primarily to produce green emerging fuels methanol and ammonia (NH3), which are regarded as alternate sources of energy. Finally, the current state of energy demands, recent developments in renewable energy sources, and the potential of hydrogen as a future fuel are outlined. Moreover, the discussion concludes with predicted opportunities and challenges.

Eyup Dogan, M. Madaleno, Dilvin Taşkın et al.

Although a few studies have analyzed the nexus of renewable energy and green finance, the literature lacks the use of renewable energy by sources. The other major failure is that it uses only annual and small data. Therefore, this study investigates the connectedness and spillovers relationship between green finance and five types of renewable energy (biofuels, fuel cell, geothermal, solar, and wind) by applying the novel TVP-VAR method of Balcilar et al. [1] to the daily indexes from July 31, 2014, to Feb 4, 2022. The results show that dynamic connectedness, both total and pairwise, is heterogeneous over time and influenced by economic events. Furthermore, wind is found to be the largest transmitter of shocks to green finance, followed by biofuels, while both fuel cell and geothermal receive the least shocks. The findings suggest that green finance is mostly a net receiver of shocks from renewable energy sources and that wind has been a net receiver of shocks during the COVID-19 pandemic. A high interconnectedness between the indexes highlights the safe-haven property for diversification purposes of green finance. Our results are important for energy policymakers, those responsible for the implementation of environmental policies, individual investors, and portfolio managers, while also shedding light on the achievement of COP26 goals.

Emre Akusta

This study analyses the potential of renewable energy to reduce inflationary pressures arising from energy imports in Turkiye. Annual data for the period 1980-2022 are used in the analysis. In this study, unit root properties are examined using the Zivot-Andrews and Lee-Strazicich tests, both of which explicitly account for structural breaks. Cointegration is investigated via the Johansen and Hatemi-J cointegration tests. Long-run coefficients are subsequently estimated using the DOLS and FMOLS estimators. The robustness of the empirical findings is further assessed using the ARDL approach. In addition, an interaction term is constructed to measure the impact of renewable energy in alleviating inflationary pressures arising from energy imports. The results show that energy imports and exchange rate have an increasing impact on inflation, while renewable energy and the interaction term have a decreasing impact. DOLS, FMOLS, and ARDL results support each other. Moreover, in both models, the impact of renewable energy in mitigating inflationary pressures stemming from energy imports is stronger than the direct disinflationary impact of renewable energy.