Hasil untuk "Mental healing"

Kira DiClemente-Bosco, Caroline Kuo, Goodman Sibeko et al.

Background In South Africa, rates of HIV and alcohol use are among the highest globally, with a detrimental synergistic relationship. Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based, cost-effective approach to identifying people at risk of alcohol-related problems to deliver early intervention. We developed and deployed a cascading train-the-trainer model to promote SBIRT implementation in a large nongovernmental organization offering HIV services across South Africa. Method Between 2021 and 2022, we completed preparatory activities including designing scalable training resources prior to rolling out the train-the-trainer model across two South African provinces. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of outcomes at the trainer- (knowledge, fidelity), provider- (attitudes, confidence, perceived implementation potential, adoption), and client-encounter (reach) levels over approximately one year. Results We trained 12 novice trainers who then trained 206 providers to implement SBIRT. Trainer SBIRT knowledge increased pre- to posttraining, and fidelity of training delivery was high (99.0% of elements covered across sessions). Provider attitudes, confidence, and perceived implementation potential increased over time, and 64% of providers adopted SBIRT. Reach of the model varied by component, with 41,793 clients screened by trained providers. Of those screening positive for risky alcohol use, 86% received brief intervention (BI) and 53% received referral to treatment (RT). Additionally, 15,353 clients who did not screen as having risky alcohol use received BI and 1,122 received RT. Conclusion Results indicated that the cascading training model was delivered with high fidelity, associated with improvements in all provider outcomes, and reached high numbers of clients for the screening component of the model. Rates of BI and RT delivery were moderate to high, though data suggested over-application of these elements with some clients, highlighting the tension between reach and fidelity. Lessons learned will inform future scale-out of this model in HIV service settings in low- and middle-income countries.

Hanna Tania Dwi Crisanti, Rosatyani Puspita Adiati

Perubahan komitmen karyawan saat ini mengarah pada karier mereka daripada organisasi tempat mereka bekerja. Komitmen karier adalah sikap individu terhadap pekerjaan yang meliputi tujuan karier pribadi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan grit dan persepsi dukungan supervisor dengan komitmen karier karyawan. Partisipan penelitian ini sebanyak 87 partisipan merupakan karyawan/i berusia 24-35 tahun dan sedang bekerja penuh waktu di suatu perusahaan/organisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 skala, yakni skala Grit yang disusun oleh Duckworth, skala persepsi dukungan supervisor oleh Burns, dan skala komitmen karier oleh Carson dan Bedeian. Analisis data menggunakan bantuan software Jamovi 2.3.28. Hasil penelitian memperoleh terdapat hubungan grit dan persepsi dukungan supervisor dengan komitmen karier pada karyawan milenial. Dengan demikian, organisasi perlu mempertimbangkan pendekatan yang memfokuskan pada pengembangan personal grit karyawan serta memperkuat kualitas hubungan antara supervisor dan karyawan untuk memastikan komitmen jangka panjang karyawan terhadap karier mereka dan kesuksesan organisasi.

Risza Subiantoro, Margarita M Maramis, Nining Febriana et al.

Introduction: Postoperative depression is a condition of depressive effects in patients without symptoms of depressive mood that occurs a few weeks after surgery and persists for at least 2 weeks. It generally possesses the same symptoms as major depressive disorder. Review: Their difference is that surgery is the trigger of depression in postoperative depression cases. Postoperative depression is associated with increased patients’ morbidity and mortality, increased the risk of disease complications, reduced postoperative healing process, prolonged the duration of treatment, and reduced patients’ quality of life. Therefore, mental health conditions should always be assessed on patients after undergoing surgery. Postoperative depression therapy needs to consider the benefits of antidepressants and adequate pain management. Antidepressant considerations also need to consider interactions with other drugs. Psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy are also useful in postoperative depression management. Conclusion: This review is aimed to give insight about postoperative depression, its importance, and how to treat it.

Kanika K. Ahuja, Tanika Pundir

Monika Motaghi, Ali Asghar Heidary, Lida Gholizadeh

Background: The capacity to absorb knowledge and manage organizational talent and performance is important to the survival of organizations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between knowledge absorptive capacity and talent management with the performance of the organization. Methods: This applied research used the causal design. The statistical population and sample size were 500 and 217 nurses, respectively.  Three standard questionnaires were used to collect data.  The knowledge absorption capacity questionnaire had Cronbach's alpha 0.705 and included 19 items. Moreover, the organizational innovation variable of the Atlay and Akif questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha 0.795 and 18 items, Hersi and Goldsmith with Cronbach's alpha of 0.762 with 42 items, and Phillips and Rapper with 28 items were used for the talent management component. Data were imported to SPSS20 and analyzed using PLS Descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean age of participants was 24.3±4.5.3 years, 52.54% of nurses were male and 42.46% were female. Also, 61.75% of nurses had a bachelor's degree and 38.15% had an MSc degree. Mean±SD of knowledge acquisition capacity was 17.56±4.63, that of talent management was 17397±4.87, that of organizational innovation was 18.22±4.65. and that of organizational performance was 18.39±4.95. Knowledge acquisition capacity, and talent management had a significant relationship with innovation and organizational performance (1.96<2.57, 3.8, 5.41 and 2.63), and organizational innovation was also correlated with organizational performance (1.96<2.94). According to the results of the Sobel test, the capacity to absorb knowledge and talent management was related to organizational performance with the mediating role of organizational innovation (1.96<2.45 and 3.21). Conclusion: Given the relationship between knowledge absorptive capacity and talent management with organizational performance, managers should be able to effectively improve the capacity to absorb knowledge and spread it throughout the organization.

Clara Weber, Clara Weber, Virna Monero Flores et al.

Background: Previous research indicates that the physical environment of healthcare facilities plays an important role in the health, well-being, and recovery outcomes of patients. However, prior works on mental healthcare facilities have incorporated physical environment effects from general healthcare settings and patient groups, which cannot be readily transferred to mental healthcare settings or its patients. There appears to be a specific need for evidence synthesis of physical environmental effects in mental healthcare settings by psychopathology.Purpose: This review evaluates the state (in terms of extent, nature and quality) of the current empirical evidence of physical environmental on mental health, well-being, and recovery outcomes in mental healthcare inpatients by psychopathology.Method: A systematic review (PRISMA guidelines) was performed of studies published in English, German, Dutch, Swedish, and Spanish, of all available years until September 2020, searched in Cochrane, Ovid Index, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science and identified through extensive hand-picking. Inclusion criteria were: Adult patients being treated for mental ill-health (common mental health and mood disorders, Cochrane frame); inpatient mental health care facilities; specifications of the physical and socio-physical environment (e.g., design features, ambient conditions, privacy); all types of empirical study designs. Quality assessment and data synthesis were undertaken.Results: The search retrieved 1,068 titles of which 26 met the inclusion criteria. Findings suggest that there is only indicative evidence of the impact of the physical healthcare environment on patients' mental health, well-being, and recovery outcomes. There is significant lack of pathology-specific evidence. Methodological shortcomings and empirical scarcity account for the poor evidence.Conclusion: This review highlights the need for more research using advanced study designs.

Brenna Hansen, Katelyn M. Inch, Brenna A. Kaschor

Abstract Background Using traditional pharmacotherapy to treat Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) such as mood stabilizers and second-generation antipsychotics has a lack of supporting evidence. Buprenorphine/Naloxone (BUP/N), a combination medication consisting of a partial opioid agonist, and a full opioid antagonist, is an effective treatment for opioid use disorder. It has also been found effective for treatment-resistant mood disorders. Previous studies suggest a relationship between BPD and endogenous opioids, therefore our case report investigates the effect of BUP/N on a patient diagnosed with BPD. Case presentation A 26-year-old female diagnosed with BPD, having recurrent visits to the emergency department (ED) for self-harm/suicidality was treated with BUP/N. Usage of crisis services, ED visits, and hospital admissions were tracked from 15 months prior to BUP/N to 15 months after using BUP/N. Since starting BUP/N, the length and frequency of mental health-related hospital admissions decreased drastically, as did the number of times that she reached out to community crisis services. Since the dosing adjustment to 6 mg in Oct 2020, there have been no calls to the community crisis lines. Conclusions We suggest pharmacological treatment targeting BPD as a disorder of distress tolerance and self-soothing mediated by the opioid system is an effective individual healing attempt. An important note is that this patient did not use opioids prior to BUP/N and had never been diagnosed with an opioid use disorder. However, she exhausted multiple other pharmacologic therapies and was open to trying whatever was available to improve her quality of life.

Ifan Maulana, Ilham Nur Alfian

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh efikasi diri dan penyesuaian diri terhadap stres akademik pada mahasiswa masa pandemi. Perubahan saat pendemi tersebut menyebabkan mahasiswa mengalami stres akademik dan peneliti ingin mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh antara efikasi diri dan penyesuaian diri terhadap stress akademik. Stres akademik yang dikembangkan dari Sarafino and Smith dan faktor yang mempengaruhi stres akademik adalah salah satunya efikasi diri yang disusun oleh Bandura dan penyesuian diri menggunakan teori Baker. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang sedang menjalani perkuliahan secara daring/online. Metode penelitian menggunakan tipe penelitian kuantitatif dengan alat pengumpulan data menggunakan survei melalui Google Form. Dalam menganalisis data menggunakan SPSS 25 for windows. Hasil analisis menunjukkan regresi menyebutkan bahwa terdapat 18,1% pengaruh secara bersamaan antara efikasi diri dan penyesuaian diri terhadap stres akademik. Sedangkan pengaruh antara efikasi diri terhadap stress akademik sebesar 68% dan penyesuaian diri terhadap stress akademik sebesar 10,8%.

Abdul Karim, Herison Pandapotan Purba

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap burnout pada perawat di Surabaya dengan coronavirus anxiety sebagai variabel mediator. Profesi keperawatan lebih banyak mengalami tekanan kerja dan burnout dibandingkan dengan profesi kesehatan lainnya. Selain itu, perawat juga dapat mengalami kecemasan selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Mengoptimalkan kecerdasan emosional merupakan faktor kunci yang dapat mengurangi tingkat kecemasan dan burnout. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini merupakan perawat di Kota Surabaya dengan total sebanyak 77 perawat. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu Maslach Burnout Inventory, Assessing Emotions Scale, dan Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Analisis data menggunakan uji mediasi dengan metode PROCESS by Andrew F. Hayes. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan nilai pengaruh secara tidak langsung sebesar -0,1229. Hasil tersebut menunjukan adanya peran mediasi dari coronavirus anxiety yang secara tidak langsung mengendalikan pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap burnout dan peran mediasi bersifat parsial.

Parveen Kumar, Vishal Kanaiyalal Patel, Renish Bhupenderbhai Bhatt et al.

Background: There are mixed views on categorizing pornography as addiction or as a sexual compulsivity or a subset of hypersexual behavior. Due to rise in the Internet access and technologies, the possibilities of conduit for sexual interactions, online pornography, and other type of repetitive behaviors have increased. Aims: The current study aimed to find the prevalence of problematic pornography use and attitude toward pornography. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 1,050 undergraduate medical students to assess the prevalence of pornography addiction and attitude toward pornography. A Google document containing structured questionnaire in 3 different parts: (a) demographic details of students, (b) Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale, and (c) attitudes toward pornography scale. This Google document was shared with all the undergraduate students through email address and WhatsApp group. Participants who did not respond to the questionnaire were sent 3 reminders at a gap of 3 days. The responses were recorded in Excel sheet and analyzed using Epi-Info software. Results: Prevalence of problematic pornography use among participants was 12.5%. There was statistically high prevalence of problematic pornography use among male participants ( P < .001), nearly daily consumption of pornography per week ( P < .001) and more than 20 min of consumption per day ( P <.001). A statistical significant negative correlation was shown (r = −0.483, P < .001) between age of first exposure to pornography and problematic pornography consumption score. Males, being in a relationship, and those with problematic pornography use had higher score on attitude toward pornography scale. Conclusion: It is important to provide education to students about the effects of problematic pornography use because there is negative correlation between exposure to pornographic imagery on the Internet and levels of genital and sexual esteem; pornography use was associated with poor quality of life, and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Gender-specific discussions so as to promote sexual health and participation in media literacy education would be beneficial for young people in changing attitude toward pornography.

Nicole A. Barclay

Mirian Watanabe, Cassiane Dezoti da Fonseca, Maria de Fatima Fernandes Vattimo

Experimental animal models offer possibilities of physiology knowledge, pathogenesis of disease and action of drugs that are directly related to quality nursing care. This integrative review describes the current state of the instrumental and ethical aspects of experimental research with animal models, including the main recommendations of ethics committees that focus on animal welfare and raises questions about the impact of their findings in nursing care. Data show that, in Brazil, the progress in ethics for the use of animals for scientific purposes was consolidated with Law No. 11.794/2008 establishing ethical procedures, attending health, genetic and experimental parameters. The application of ethics in handling of animals for scientific and educational purposes and obtaining consistent and quality data brings unquestionable contributions to the nurse, as they offer subsidies to relate pathophysiological mechanisms and the clinical aspect on the patient.

Pollyana Cristina dos Santos Ferreira, Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares

O presente estudo objetivou verificar a prevalência de idosos com indicativo de depressão, segundo sexo e faixa etária, e identificar os fatores associados ao indicativo de depressão. Estudo analítico, transversal e observacional, realizado com 850 idosos residentes na zona rural de um município de Minas Gerais. Para a análise dos dados aplicou-se a fórmula de taxa de prevalência e o modelo de regressão logística (p<0,05). O Projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos. A prevalência de indicativo de depressão correspondeu a 22%, com maior ocorrência entre o sexo feminino e na faixa etária entre 60├70 anos. O sexo feminino, o maior número de comorbidades e de incapacidade funcional para o desempenho de atividades instrumentais da vida diária permaneceram associados ao indicativo de depressão. Esses resultados reforçam a necessidade de se implementarem ações de promoção de saúde e prevenção de agravos, com enfoque para a depressão.

ดุสิต ลิขนะพิชิตกุล

Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) เป็นความผิดปกติทางพัฒนาการที่มีอาการสำคัญ คือ ผู้ป่วยจะมีปัญหาพัฒนาการทางสังคม การสื่อสารและพฤติกรรมซ้ำซาก นอกจากนี้ยังมีอาการทางพฤติกรรมอีกหลายอย่าง ที่เป็นประกอบในการวินิจฉัยผู้ป่วยแต่ละรายจะมีรูปแบบของอาการ ความรุนแรง และการตอบสนองต่อการรักษาต่างกัน ซึ่งเป็นลักษณะสำคัญอย่างหนึ่งของผู้ป่วยกลุ่มนี้ที่จะมีความแตกต่างรายบุคคลอย่างมาก ระดับสติปัญญาของผู้ป่วยออทิสติกเดิมเป็นหนึ่งในอาการแสดงที่พบกันว่า มีค่าไม่แตกต่างจากคนปกติ โดยมีทั้งที่มีระดับสติปัญญาปกติและต่ำกว่า หรือสูงกว่าก็ได้ ระดับสติปัญญาของเด็กซึ่งวัดผลเป็นค่า IQ นั้น โดยทั่วไปจะพบว่าค่อนข้างคงที่ แต่สำาหรับผู้ป่วย ASD ในระยะหลังพบว่า ระดับสติปัญญาของผู้ป่วยกลุ่มนี้นั้น มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงได้ ในผู้ป่วยแต่ละคน ซึ่งในประเด็นนี ้ ยังไม่มีข้อสรุป เพราะมีการศึกษาค่อนข้างน้อย และผลที่ได้ยังไม่ไปในทิศทางเดียวกัน กล่าวคือ พบทั้งกลุ่มผู้ป่วยที่มีระดับ IQ เพิ่มขึ้น เท่าเดิม หรือลดลง รายงานนี้เป็นการนำเสนอกรณีศึกษา ผู้ป่วย 2 ราย ที่มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงค่า IQ ทั้งสองแบบ คือ เพิ่มขึ้นและลดลง เพื่อเป็นหลักฐานว่า การเปลี่ยนแปลงระดับ IQ สามารถเกิดได้ทั้งสองแบบ ซึ่งปรากฏการณ์นี้ควรได้รับการศึกษาในรายละเอียดต่อไป

Fumitaka Noda

Lívia Silva Bosquetti, Eliana Mara Braga

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever as reações que os alunos de enfermagem apresentaram quando do seu primeiro estágio curricular. É um estudo transversal e de campo, e o tratamento dos dados foi realizado com base no método de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados descrevem o campo de estágio, o relacionamento com a equipe da enfermaria, com os pacientes e com o docente durante este período. Nas conclusões, podemos afirmar que o estresse e as contradições vivenciadas no primeiro estágio são parte do crescimento e aprendizado do aluno. O professor é maior responsável por determinar o tipo de interação que haverá entre ele e o aluno, cabendo-lhe ouvir, incentivar e capacitar-se para apoiar os alunos nas experiências iniciais da prática, para que o primeiro estágio seja um fator motivador ao aluno.<br>Estudio que tiene por objetivo describir las reacciones que los alumnos de enfermería mostraron durante su primera práctica curricular. Investigación transversal y de campo. El análisis de los datos realizado en base al método de análisis de contenido. Los resultados describen durante este periodo el campo de práctica, la relación con el equipo de enfermería, con los pacientes y con el enfermo. Concluimos que el estrés y los obstáculos vividos durante esta primera práctica son parte del crecimiento y aprendizaje del alumno. El profesor es el mayor responsable por determinar el tipo de interacción establecida entre él y el alumno, responsabilizándose por escuchar, incentivar, capacitar y apoyar a los alumnos durante sus primeras experiencias prácticas, para que este momento sea un factor motivador para el alumno.<br>The objective of the present study is to describe and analyze the reactions of nursing students, presented during their first curricular internship. It is a cross-section field study, with data analyzed according to the method of content analysis. The results describe the training field, the relationship with the nursing team, the patients and the professor in the period of training. In the conclusions, we can affirm that the stress and the contradictions experienced in the first period of internship are part of the student's growth and education. The professor is responsible for determining the type of interaction that the students will experience. He/She needs to be capable of listening, encouraging and for his/her own qualification, in order to support the students with the early experiences of the practice, so that the first internship a becomes motivating factor for the students.