Optical lattice clocks (OLCs) enable us to measure time and frequency with a fractional uncertainty at $10^{-18}$ level, which is 2 orders of magnitude better than Cs clocks. In this article, after briefly reviewing OLCs and the history of testing the fundamental principles of general relativity, we report our experiments of measuring the gravitational redshift between RIKEN and The University of Tokyo, and at Tokyo Skytree using transportable OLCs. We also discuss a couple of future applications of OLCs, such as detecting gravitational waves in space and relativistic geodesy. The possibility of testing second-order parametrized post-Newtonian potential around the Earth is also mentioned.
Sleep disruption is common in older adults and has been linked to many negative health outcomes, including impaired cognitive, emotional, and interpersonal functioning and maladaptive metabolic changes. Sleep disturbance is the most common symptom in depressive patients, and it was formerly thought to be a major secondary manifestation of depression. Many longitudinal studies have identified insomnia as an independent risk factor for the development of emerging or recurrent depression in older adults, with bidirectional relationships between sleep quality and depression. This narrative review summarizes recent research or evidence on the sleep–depression association in older adults, as well as the potential common mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of sleep and depression disorders, focusing on the clock system, neurochemical substrates, and neurocircuits. A better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying sleep disturbance and depression can assist psychiatrists in better managing this comorbidity.
Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik melalui media quiziz di SMA Negeri 6 Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Tindakan kelas (PTK), dengan 4 tahap yang harus dilakukan yaitu tahap perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan 3 siklus yaitu pra siklus, siklus 1 dan siklus 2. Subyek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 38 peserta didik. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar peserta didik yaitu menggunakan tes pilihan ganda. Pada pra siklus didapatkan hasil rata-rata nilai nya 6,1 dan persentase ketuntasan hanya 37% dengan jumlah 14 peserta didik yang tuntas. Pada siklus I didapatkan hasil rata-rata 7,1 dengan persentase ketuntasan naik menjadi 66% dan jumlah peserta didik mengalami kenaikan menjadi 25 peserta didik. Pada siklus II didapatkan hasil rata-rata nilai 8,0 dan 35 peserta didik medapatkan nilai tuntas dengan persentase ketuntasan naik menjadi 92%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan quiziz dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran PPKn.
Edna Paola Fresneda-Patiño, Gabriel Jacobo Sánchez Coral
Con este documento queremos proponer una caracterización de nuestra experiencia como docentes que hemos situado nuestras prácticas investigativas desde la Educación Matemática Crítica y la Etnomatemática, en la que confluye una idea de sujeto político que transforma las concepciones de ser profesor(a) de matemáticas. Nosotros coincidimos hace algunos años en un congreso académico internacional en el que se discutían propuestas investigativas y prácticas pedagógicas enmarcadas en perspectivas alejadas de enfoques cognitivistas y más próximas a dimensiones sociales, políticas y culturales. Allí, compartimos nuestros trabajos académicos y años más tarde nos reencontramos en el II Encuentro de la Red de Educadores Matemáticos Críticos, notando que, si bien nuestros intereses no habían cambiado, estábamos interesados en reconocer la voz del sujeto al relatar sus experiencias investigativas situadas desde enfoques sociales, políticos y culturales de la educación matemática. Para ello usamos las narrativas orales y escritas para estudiar y reflexionar sobre nuestras propias experiencias como docentes de matemáticas. Para lograrlo, teóricamente nos fundamentamos en las ideas del enfoque social, político y cultural, especialmente, en la Educación Matemática Crítica y la Etnomatemática, caracterizando tanto la idea de sujeto político como de contexto sociopolítico. Con relación a la metodología, retomamos la idea de experiencia de Jorge Larrosa y las características de la investigación biográfico-narrativa, usando particularmente los escritos autobiográficos producidos por los autores del presente documento. Buscamos dar vida a la voz del sujeto al narrar sus propias experiencias como docentes e investigadores de carne y hueso que intentan privilegiar en el aula de clase espacios de discusión sobre asuntos sociales, políticos y culturales que se inscriben en los contextos cotidianos de las escuelas colombianas. Además, reconocemos la importancia de usar las matemáticas como herramienta que nos permite leer, interpretar y transformar el mundo y las condiciones de nuestra sociedad actual, reconociéndonos como sujetos políticos agentes de cambio
Most successes in autonomous robotic assembly have been restricted to single target or category. We propose to investigate general part assembly, the task of creating novel target assemblies with unseen part shapes. As a fundamental step to a general part assembly system, we tackle the task of determining the precise poses of the parts in the target assembly, which we we term ``rearrangement planning''. We present General Part Assembly Transformer (GPAT), a transformer-based model architecture that accurately predicts part poses by inferring how each part shape corresponds to the target shape. Our experiments on both 3D CAD models and real-world scans demonstrate GPAT's generalization abilities to novel and diverse target and part shapes.
The Kerr-Newman metric is the unique vacuum solution of the General Relativistic field equations, in which any singularities or spacetime pathologies are hidden behind horizons. They are believed to describe the spacetimes of massive astrophysical objects with no surfaces, which we call black holes. This spacetime, which is defined entirely by the mass, spin, and charge of the black hole, gives rise to a variety of phenomena in the motion of particles and photons outside the horizons that have no Newtonian counterparts. Moreover, the Kerr-Newman spacetime remains remarkably resilient to many attempts in modifying the underlying theory of gravity. The monitoring of stellar orbits around supermassive black holes, the detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of stellar-mass black holes, and the observation of black-hole shadows in images with horizon-scale resolution, all of which have become possible during the last decade, are offering valuable tools in testing quantitatively the predictions of this remarkable solution to Einstein's equations.
Rafael dos Reis Ferreira, João Antonio de Moraes, Pedro Bravo de Souza
et al.
A Kínesis – Revista de Estudos dos Pós-Graduandos em Filosofia apresenta para a comunidade acadêmica filosófica mais uma edição, o Volume 14, Número 36 (2022). Publicamos 23 artigos e 2 traduções. Agradecemos aos pesquisadores que compõem o Conselho Científico da Kínesis e também aos pareceristas ad hoc pela colaboração e disponibilidade permanente para atender nossas solicitações de parecer. Agradecemos, também, aos autores pesquisadores por confiarem a submissão e publicação de suas pesquisas à Kínesis. Convidamos nossos leitores para apreciarem mais este número.
The lack of a standardized reliable and valid instrument makes it difficult to measure attitudes toward lesbian women and gay men (ATLG) consistently and thus poses a challenge to compare and contrast intervention measures. This study aimed to validate Herek’s ATLG scale among undergraduates in mainland China and identify factors associated with negative attitudes toward LG. A total of 6,036 eligible undergraduates conveniently drawn from 30 provinces across mainland China were randomly split in half. Item analysis was first used to select unrelated or redundant items for deletion. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were then conducted on the first half of the sample (n = 3,001), followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analysis in the second half (n = 3035). Logistic regression analyses were finally carried out to identify their determinants. Six items were removed from the item analysis. EFA supported the existence of two factors (ATL and ATG). CFA results indicated that the two-factor model fit the data better than the one-factor model. Logistic regression analyses indicated that being female, majoring in non-health-related disciplines, attributing homosexuality to uncontrollable causes, non-adherence to traditional gender norms and exposure to homosexual content were significantly associated with less negative attitudes toward both L and G. Urban students were marginally less likely to express negative attitudes toward L but not G, while non-heterosexuals and those who had prior personal contact with homosexuals exhibited less negative attitudes toward G but not L. However, grade showed no significant associations with either ATL or ATG. The retained 14-item version of Herek’s ATLG scale has been proven to be a reliable and valid tool. Furthermore, ATL and ATG were determined by different factors and thus would be treated separately. In order to reduce negative attitudes toward LG among undergraduates in mainland China, a comprehensive intervention plan such as conducting comprehensive sex education and pushing the process of legalizing same-sex marriage should be designed, implemented and evaluated.
The aims of this study is to find out TEYL students’ perception and experience in using Cartoon Story Maker and Comic Life in creating short story for young learners and to identify their obstacles and problems in using those applications. This qualitative study has been conducted in a TEYL class in one English Department in West Java. The sample of the study consisted of thirty students. Questionnaires and interviews were used as data collection techniques in this study. The questionnaires were used to collect evidence from students about their experience and perception towards the use of CSM and Comic Life in creating short story for young learners. The questionnaires used in this study focus on exploring students’ experience and perception toward the use CSM and Comic Life in creating short story for young learners, whereas interview was used to explored more the data about obstacles faced by the students in using CSM and Comic Life. The data collected from the respondents were gathered together to be analyzed using qualitative analysis of interactive models. The results of this study are TEYL students have positive perception toward the use of CSM and Comic Life in creating short story for young learners, CSM is easier and more suitable to use than Comic Life in creating story for young learners, and the obstacles faced by students are choosing appropriate template for young learners, writing text in text tool or bubble, and record the voice in audio bubble.
Автор анализирует визуализацию героев немецкого героического эпоса «Песнь о нибелунгах». То, как иллюстраторы изображают тела персонажей, какие позы им придаются, на фоне какого ландшафта происходит действие, сколько действующих лиц на картине и что именно они делают – все это может стать активным семантическим фактором. Намеренное вторжение в сюжет некоторыми художниками не только создает новый контекст для восприятия, но и придает тексту иное или дополнительное значение. Иногда семантика иллюстраций находится в явном противоречии с событиями сюжета – автор показывает, как и почему это происходит, какие смыслы зашифрованы в иллюстрациях к поэме, как изображения влияют на восприятие текста реципиентами.
Marveh Dolatabadi, Eainollah Khademi, AmirHossein Mansouri Nouri
et al.
This research seeks to explain the most important anthropological dimensions of prayer according to Vincent Brommer through analytical and citation methods. The independent man is one of the main components of prayer according to Brommer. Although he has not distinguished the anthropological topics of prayer from other topics, according to his presuppositions and epistemological foundations, it can be said that; Faith, love, human maximum authority, freedom and individuality are the most important anthropological dimensions of prayer for Brommer. In explaining these anthropological issues, he has opened prayer influenced by existentialism and theology. According to Brommer, faith is a necessary and prerequisite for prayer and the essence of man's relationship with God. With a moderate approach to the issue of faith, he considers all three elements of knowledge, action and love to be effective in the truth of faith. In his view, the goal of faith and prayer is love of God. In the light of his belief in man's maximum free will and individuality, Brommer interprets prayer as man's interpersonal relationship with God.
Uma conceituação de saúde específica permeia as discussões clínicas em suas mais diversas facetas e na psicologia, como nas ciências humanas em geral, a saúde torna-se – segundo uma noção positivista – um ideal a ser alcançado a partir de ferramentas clínicas com intuito terapêutico. Pensar a conceituação de saúde, a implicação desse conceito na construção de cada modo-de-ser e compreender a atuação do terapeuta diante dos ideais positivistas instaurados como verdades absolutas, compõe o caminho deste trabalho, bem como destacar os limites da técnica contemporânea, que forçosamente faz com que os fenômenos se mostrem a partir de suas imposições. Compreendeu-se que, segundo o olhar fenomenológico, o adoecer se dá por meio de restrições das possibilidades para a realização de uma existência, não sendo saúde, portanto, apenas a funcionalidade biológica de um corpo, mas, muito além disso, a abertura à liberdade ontológica de cada ser.
The positive mass theorem in general relativity states that in an asymptotically flat spacetime, if the momentum--energy tensor is divergence-free and satisfies a dominant energy condition, then a total momentum--energy four-vector can be formed, of which the energy component is nonnegative. In this paper, we take the wave four-tensor of a plane light wave in free space as a counterexample to show that there is no guarantee that a total four-vector can be formed. Thus the theoretical framework for the positive mass theorem is flawed. In addition, it is also shown as well that the Lorentz covariance of Dirac wave equation is not compatible with Einstein mass--energy equivalence.
In the main article [CQG 38 (2021) 055003], a new "canonical" form for the Lewis metrics of the Weyl class has been obtained, depending only on three parameters -- Komar mass and angular momentum per unit length, plus the angle deficit -- corresponding to a coordinate system fixed to the "distant stars" and an everywhere timelike Killing vector field. Such form evinces the local but non-global static character of the spacetime, and striking parallelisms with the electromagnetic analogue. We discuss here its generality, main physical features and important limits (the Levi-Civita static cylinder, and spinning cosmic strings). We contrast it on geometric and physical grounds with the Kerr spacetime -- as an example of a metric which is locally non-static.
Ihor Nemchynov's monograph is the first attempt to bring back, after more than a hundred years of absolute oblivion, the name of professor Vasyl Mykolayovych Malinin (1849-1927), author of literary treatise on Elder Philophey, to the wide public and scientific community. To me, as a researcher of such a unique cultural and educational center of Kyiv of the XIX century. as the Kyiv Theological Academy (KTA), it is especially pleasing to note that the work of the author stands out for a careful, caring and respectful attitude both to the study of the professor's personal life and to the reconstruction of the wide panorama of socio-political and cultural-educational processes that took place in the middle of the XIXth century both in the territory of the Russian Empire in general and in Kyiv in particular.
This research aims to create a harmonious relationship among different religions in Indonesia. This aim is reached through reconstructing a multicultural theology based on biblical understanding. The multicultural theology is a biblical principle that be constructed in balancing between Old Testament and New Testament, between general revelation and special revelation. By exposing the general revelation based on theocentric dimension, we found general principles about how to make a good relationship among people in their differences, according to God’s perspective. At the same time, multicultural theology also exposes particular revelation principles centered upon the Christocentric dimension. This research is a qualitative study with a library approach. Data is analyzed by interpretation, critical thinking, and truth and healthy consideration based on the primary source. We found a Christian value to be a foundation to make the relationship in harmony with other people. For this purpose we are proposing a theological framework designed from Biblical principles, covering the following: (1) Cultural Mandate, (2) Human Nature, (3) Theological principles: God’s Sovereignty, God’s Providence and God’s Justice, (4) Incarnation, (5) Universal Soteriology (6) Present Theocracy, (7) Church Nature and (8) Eschatological Multiculture. Christian leaders are central people that must create a relationship with other people in harmony. Through this way, the Christian leaders can engage the religious radicalism by doing good things and togetherness in social work.
In theoretical considerations on democracy freedom is sometimes understood in unconditional and conditional terms. This general distinction underlies I. Berlin's concept of negative and positive freedom, and E. Fromm's concept of 'freedom from' and 'freedom to'. The authors of this paper introduce the concept of extrinsic and intrinsic sense of freedom which is meant to be psychological representation of the philosophical distinction on unconditional and conditional freedom, respectively. An extrinsic freedom results from a lack of external restrictions/barriers, whereas intrinsic freedom is based on the belief that being free means compatibility between one's own actions and preferred values, life goals or worldview. Based on nationwide survey data, the authors show that both forms of freedom are embedded in entirely different basic human values and moral intuitions. Further, it is shown that intrinsic freedom negatively predicts liberal orientation and clearly favors communitarian orientation, whereas extrinsic freedom clearly favors liberal orientation. The authors argue that both forms of experiencing freedom have different effects on support for the principles of liberal democracy. The positive effect of extrinsic freedom is indirect, i.e., entirely mediated by liberal orientation. On the other hand, the effect of intrinsic freedom can be decomposed into three components: a) as a positive direct effect, b) as a positive indirect effect (by strengthening the communitarian orientation), and c) as a negative indirect effect (by weakening the liberal orientation). In conclusion, the consequences of intrinsic and extrinsic freedom are discussed in the light of their relationships with support for democratic principles.
Similar to existing codes, puncturing and shortening are two general ways to obtain an arbitrary code length and code rate for polar codes. When some of the coded bits are punctured or shortened, it is equivalent to a situation in which the underlying channels of the polar codes are different. Therefore, the quality of bit channels with puncturing or shortening differ from the original qualities, which can greatly affect the construction of polar codes. In this paper, a general construction of polar codes is studied in two aspects: 1) the theoretical foundation of the construction; and 2) the hardware implementation of polar codes encoders. In contrast to the original identical and independent binary-input, memoryless, symmetric (BMS) channels, these underlying BMS channels can be different. For binary erasure channel (BEC) channels, recursive equations can be employed assuming independent BMS channels. For all other channel types, the proposed general construction of polar codes is based on the existing Tal-Vardy's procedure. The symmetric property and the degradation relationship are shown to be preserved under the general setting, rendering the possibility of a modification of Tal-Vardy's procedure. Simulation results clearly show improved error performance with re-ordering using the proposed new procedures. In terms of hardware, a novel pruned folded encoder architecture is proposed which saves the computation for the beginning frozen bits. Implementation results show the pruned encoder achieve 28% throughput improvement.