Hasil untuk "Physiology"

D. Golombek, R. Rosenstein

Mammalian circadian rhythms are controlled by endogenous biological oscillators, including a master clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Since the period of this oscillation is of approximately 24 h, to keep synchrony with the environment, circadian rhythms need to be entrained daily by means of Zeitgeber ("time giver") signals, such as the light-dark cycle. Recent advances in the neurophysiology and molecular biology of circadian rhythmicity allow a better understanding of synchronization. In this review we cover several aspects of the mechanisms for photic entrainment of mammalian circadian rhythms, including retinal sensitivity to light by means of novel photopigments as well as circadian variations in the retina that contribute to the regulation of retinal physiology. Downstream from the retina, we examine retinohypothalamic communication through neurotransmitter (glutamate, aspartate, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) interaction with SCN receptors and the resulting signal transduction pathways in suprachiasmatic neurons, as well as putative neuron-glia interactions. Finally, we describe and analyze clock gene expression and its importance in entrainment mechanisms, as well as circadian disorders or retinal diseases related to entrainment deficits, including experimental and clinical treatments.

D. Bock, W. Lee, Aaron Kerlin et al.

In the cerebral cortex, local circuits consist of tens of thousands of neurons, each of which makes thousands of synaptic connections. Perhaps the biggest impediment to understanding these networks is that we have no wiring diagrams of their interconnections. Even if we had a partial or complete wiring diagram, however, understanding the network would also require information about each neuron's function. Here we show that the relationship between structure and function can be studied in the cortex with a combination of in vivo physiology and network anatomy. We used two-photon calcium imaging to characterize a functional property—the preferred stimulus orientation—of a group of neurons in the mouse primary visual cortex. Large-scale electron microscopy of serial thin sections was then used to trace a portion of these neurons’ local network. Consistent with a prediction from recent physiological experiments, inhibitory interneurons received convergent anatomical input from nearby excitatory neurons with a broad range of preferred orientations, although weak biases could not be rejected.

F. Fry

C. Fielding, P. Fielding

J. Gérard, Tortora, G. Tortora

Download PDF Ebook and Read OnlinePrinciple Of Anatomy And Physiology By Tortora And Anagnostakos 3 Rd Edition Pdf%0D. Get Principle Of Anatomy And Physiology By Tortora And Anagnostakos 3 Rd Edition Pdf%0D Principles of Anatomy and Physiology Amazon co uk Gerard Buy Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 7th Revised edition by Gerard J. Tortora, Nicholas P. Anagnostakos, Sandra Reynolds Grabowski (ISBN: 9780060467029) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. http://onweb.cx/Principles-of-Anatomy-and-Physiology--Amazon-co-uk--Gerard--.pdf Principles of Anatomy and Physiology National Center for The twelfth edition of Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Tortora and Dickinson has maintained the balance between structure and function of the human body characteristic of previous editions. http://onweb.cx/Principles-of-Anatomy-and-Physiology-National-Center-for--.pdf Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th Edition eBook Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th Edition. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 14th Edition. This is an unbound, binder ready version of the text.This 14th edition of the phenomenally successful Principles of Anatomy and Physiology continues to set the standard for the discipline. http://onweb.cx/Principles-of-Anatomy-and-Physiology-14th-Edition-eBook--.pdf Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th Tortora pdf Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th Tortora.pdf. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th Tortora.pdf. Sign In. Details http://onweb.cx/Principles-of-Anatomy-and-Physiology-14th-Tortora-pdf--.pdf Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Tortora AbeBooks A Brief Atlas of The Skeleton and Surface Anatomy to accompany Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 14e. Tortora, Gerard J. http://onweb.cx/Principles-of-Anatomy-and-Physiology-by-Tortora-AbeBooks.pdf physiology chapter 3 principles anatomy tortora Quizlet Learn physiology chapter 3 principles anatomy tortora human with free interactive flashcards. Choose from 500 different sets of physiology chapter 3 principles anatomy tortora human flashcards on Quizlet. http://onweb.cx/physiology-chapter-3-principles-anatomy-tortora---Quizlet.pdf Principles of anatomy and physiology Gerard J Tortora Trove: Find and get Australian resources. Books, images, historic newspapers, maps, archives and more. Books, images, historic newspapers, maps, archives and more. The art and illustration program and the innovative learning features make the explanations and concepts of anatomy and physiology easier to understand in this 11th edition of 'Principles of Anatomy and Physiology' Human physiology.; http://onweb.cx/Principles-of-anatomy-and-physiology-Gerard-J--Tortora--.pdf Tortora Derrickson Principles of Anatomy and Physiology Welcome to the Web site for Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Thirteenth Edition by Gerard J. Tortora and Bryan H. Derrickson. This Web site gives you access to the rich tools and resources available for this text.

J. Harborne

L. Glass

J. Nunn

T. Seeley

A. Kring, Albert H Gordon

A. Heath

A. C. Guyton, J. Hall

A. Lomauro, A. Aliverti

During healthy pregnancy, pulmonary function, ventilatory pattern and gas exchange are affected through both biochemical and mechanical pathways, as summarised in figure 1. Physiology masterclass: respiratory physiology of pregnancy http://ow.ly/UvYXt

A. Mandal, D. Mount

Juan C. Moreno

B. Steffens, A. Rasmussen

Zhengrong Guan, Colton E Remedies, Yanfeng Zhang et al.

Abstract Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induced acute kidney injury (AKI) features increased renal vascular resistance, which is predominantly regulated by adjustments in afferent arteriolar diameter. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, is a potent vasoconstrictor in afferent arterioles. We hypothesized that IR enhanced afferent arteriolar sensitivity to S1P-induced vasoconstriction, thus contributing to renal microvascular dysfunction and kidney injury in AKI. The impact of IR on afferent arteriolar reactivity to S1P was assessed using the in vitro blood-perfused juxtamedullary nephron preparation in male rats subjected to 60 min of bilateral renal arterial ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Baseline diameter of afferent arterioles declined significantly following IR. S1P evoked concentration-dependent vasoconstriction in both sham and IR rats. However, the S1P concentration-response curve left-shifted after IR and its EC50 reduced by 8-fold (P < 0.05), suggesting enhanced afferent arteriolar reactivity to S1P. S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2) blockade with JTE-013 increased arteriolar diameter by 38 ± 7% following IR contrasted to a 9 ± 3% increase in sham rats (P < 0.05), indicating that endogenous S1P exerts a significant impact on afferent arteriolar tone after IR. Furthermore, IR upregulated mRNA and protein of S1PR2 in isolated preglomerular microvessels and elevated S1P content in kidney homogenates. Conversely, following IR, vasoresponsiveness to S1PR1 agonist, sphingosine, endothelin-1, norepinephrine, and angiotensin II did not differ from sham controls. JTE-013 treatment reduced plasma creatinine, tubular damage, and kidney ROS accumulation in IR rats. These data establish that IR enhances renal microvascular S1P-S1PR2 signaling and promotes kidney sphingolipid metabolites that could negatively affect kidney tissue perfusion, leading to AKI.

Andrea Gargano, Jasin Machkour, Mimma Nardelli et al.

In Affective Computing, a key challenge lies in reliably linking subjective emotional experiences with objective physiological markers. This preliminary study addresses the issue of reproducibility by identifying physiological features from cardiovascular and electrodermal signals that are associated with continuous self-reports of arousal levels. Using the Continuously Annotated Signal of Emotion dataset, we analyzed 164 features extracted from cardiac and electrodermal signals of 30 participants exposed to short emotion-evoking videos. Feature selection was performed using the Terminating-Random Experiments (T-Rex) method, which performs variable selection systematically controlling a user-defined target False Discovery Rate. Remarkably, among all candidate features, only two electrodermal-derived features exhibited reproducible and statistically significant associations with arousal, achieving a 100\% confirmation rate. These results highlight the necessity of rigorous reproducibility assessments in physiological features selection, an aspect often overlooked in Affective Computing. Our approach is particularly promising for applications in safety-critical environments requiring trustworthy and reliable white box models, such as mental disorder recognition and human-robot interaction systems.

Seong-A Park, Jong-Eui Chae, Sungdong Kim et al.

In clinical settings, monitoring hemodynamics is crucial for managing patient prognosis, necessitating the integrated analysis of multiple physiological signals. While recent research has analyzed single signals such as electrocardiography (ECG) or photoplethysmography (PPG), there has yet to be a proposal for an approach that encompasses the complex signal analysis required in actual clinical scenarios. In this study, we introduce the SNUPHY-M (Seoul National University hospital PHYsiological signal Masked representation learning) model extracts physiological features reflecting the electrical, pressure, and fluid characteristics of the cardiac cycle in the process of restoring three masked physiological signals based on self-supervised learning (SSL): ECG, PPG, and arterial blood pressure (ABP) signals. By employing multiple physical characteristics, the model can extract more enriched features only using non-invasive signals. We evaluated the model's performance in clinical downstream tasks such as hypotension, stroke volume, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and age prediction. Our results showed that the SNUPHY-M significantly outperformed supervised or SSL models, especially in prediction tasks using non-invasive signals. To the best of our knowledge, SNUPHY-M is the first model to apply multi-modal SSL to cardiovascular analysis involving ECG, PPG, and ABP signals. This approach effectively supports clinical decision-making and enables precise diagnostics, contributing significantly to the early diagnosis and management of hemodynamics without invasiveness.

Louafi Boutaina, Slimani Chaimae, Bessi Aymane et al.

Silybum marianum L. Gaertn is a spontaneous plant whose medicinal properties have been used for over two thousand years. This study aims to clarify the understanding and utilisation of S. marianum by the rural and urban populations of Ouezzane region in Morocco, in order to assess the level of recognition and exploitation of this plant. An ethnobotanical survey in this region involved a sample of 140 individuals. Survey results are analyzed using SPSS. The survey results have revealed a significantly limited level of appreciation for S. marianum. Through the use of chi-square statistical tests, we identified significant relationships between our variables and the knowledge about S. marianum and its use. Based on the findings of our study, Silybum marianum L. remains one of Morocco's most neglected and underutilized plants. This may be due to a lack of knowledge or adequate information about its applications, a lack of general interest or even socio-economic factors that limit its exploitation.