Hasil untuk "Norwegian literature"

Angela Mauro, Cristiana Colonna, Silvia Taranto et al.

Abstract Background Norwegian scabies is a rare dermatological manifestation that usually affects the most fragile populations, such as elderly and immunocompromised patients, and its diagnosis is quite complex, due to its low prevalence in the general population and because of a broad spectrum manifestation. Case Presentation Here we describe a rare case of Norwegian scabies that was previously misdiagnosed in a sixteen year old patient affected by Down syndrome and we conducted a non-systematic literature review about this topic. Lesions were atypical, pruritic and associated with periodic desquamation of the palms and soles and after a series of specialist evaluations, she finally underwent topical treatment with complete remission. Conclusion It is therefore crucial to take in consideration the relation between Down syndrome and community acquired crusted scabies, to enable preventative measures, early detection, and proper treatment.

Rolf Gaasland

Artikkelen tar sitt utgangspunkt i Peter U. Beickens beskrivelse av Franz Kafkas særegne narrative retorikk, og undersøker i hvilken grad Beickens beskrivelse gjelder for Kafkas korttekst «En sultekunstner». Artikkelen argumenterer for at Beickens beskrivelse er relevant for forståelsen av denne kortteksten, men at den også avviker fra beskrivelsen på interessante måter, og på måter som har konsekvenser for hvordan vi forstår tekstens sentrale anliggende. En konklusjon er at den særegne utformingen av «En sultekunstner» kan ses i lys av en interesse som sto sentralt i Kafkas liv og virke, nemlig forbindelsen mellom diktning og selvarbeid.

Henning Howlid Wærp

At romaner og skuespill kan ha dokumentariske tendenser, er allment kjent, men hva med diktet? Mange forbinder lyrikk med sansning eller følelse framfor analyse, tenkning eller sak. Med utgangspunkt i diktsamlinger av Rune Tuverud, Markus Midré, Freddy Fjellheim, Espen Stueland og andre diskuteres sjangeren "sakpoesi", slik den har vokst fram i norsk litteratur fra 1990-tallet og framover. 

Simen A Steindal, Andréa Aparecida Gonçalves Nes, Tove E Godskesen et al.

BackgroundOwing to the increasing number of people with palliative care needs and the current shortage of health care professionals (HCPs), providing quality palliative care has become challenging. Telehealth could enable patients to spend as much time as possible at home. However, no previous systematic mixed studies reviews have synthesized evidence on patients’ experiences of the advantages and challenges of telehealth in home-based palliative care. ObjectiveIn this systematic mixed studies review, we aimed to critically appraise and synthesize the findings from studies that investigated patients’ use of telehealth in home-based palliative care, focusing on the advantages and challenges experienced by patients. MethodsThis is a systematic mixed studies review with a convergent design. The review is reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. A systematic search was performed in the following databases: Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were as follows: studies using quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods; studies that investigated the experience of using telehealth with follow-up from HCPs of home-based patients aged ≥18; studies published between January 2010 and June 2022; and studies published in Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, English, Portuguese, or Spanish in peer-reviewed journals. Five pairs of authors independently assessed eligibility of the studies, appraised methodological quality, and extracted data. The data were synthesized using thematic synthesis. ResultsThis systematic mixed studies review included 41 reports from 40 studies. The following 4 analytical themes were synthesized: potential for a support system and self-governance at home; visibility supports interpersonal relationships and a joint understanding of care needs; optimized information flow facilitates tailoring of remote caring practices; and technology, relationships, and complexity as perpetual obstacles in telehealth. ConclusionsThe advantages of telehealth were that patients experience a potential support system that could enable them to remain at home, and the visual features of telehealth enable them to build interpersonal relationships with HCPs over time. Self-reporting provides HCPs with information about symptoms and circumstances that facilitates tailoring care to specific patients. Challenges with the use of telehealth were related to barriers to technology use and inflexible reporting of complex and fluctuating symptoms and circumstances using electronic questionnaires. Few studies have included the self-reporting of existential or spiritual concerns, emotions, and well-being. Some patients perceived telehealth as intrusive and a threat to their privacy at home. To optimize the advantages and minimize the challenges with the use of telehealth in home-based palliative care, future research should include users in the design and development process.

Vegard Bugten, Siri Wennberg, Marit Furre Amundsen et al.

Objective Data from the Norwegian Tonsil Surgery Register (NTSR) showed large differences between the hospitals in Norway in the readmission rate due to post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage (rrPTH; range, 0%–25%; national average, 8%). Because of these large variations in the rrPTH, we conducted a quality improvement project involving hospitals with good and bad readmission rates.Methods Seven hospitals with readmission rates greater than 10% and four with rates lower than 5% participated in this project. We recorded videos of ear, nose and throat surgeons from the hospitals with low readmission rates when they performed extracapsular tonsillectomy, and these videos of cold dissection tonsillectomy were used as teaching material for examples of good surgical skills for the other hospitals. After a 2-day workshop, all participants from the hospitals went back to their institutions and prepared local plans to improve their results. We used the Plan–Do–Study–Act model. The primary outcome variable was the patient-reported rrPTH in the NTSR. As secondary goal, we aimed to identify aspects of the tonsillectomy procedure that could help achieve a lower rrPTH.Results The participating hospitals reduced their rrPTH from 18% at baseline (2017/2018) to 7% in 2020. Six of seven hospitals changed their dissection technique significantly to more use of cold dissection.Conclusion By learning cold dissection tonsillectomy from surgeons with low rrPTH, it seems possible to decrease the rates of bleeding complications after tonsillectomy. A combination of videos as a teaching tool, new treatment plans, and focus on quality and improvement may effectively improve surgical results. The videos can show details that are difficult to convey in the literature. Quality registers can be used to identify areas requiring improvement and evaluate the effects of changes in practice.

Even Tjørve, Kathleen M. C. Tjørve

The neoliberal trend in spatial planning seemingly causes the loss of control of spatial plans for destination developments in the mountain regions of southern Norway. The predominant local discourse, as seen in local newspapers and other media, was originally positive to the development of second homes. Changes in development plans have, as in the Skeikampen-destination case, incited strong counter-discourses based on concerns for pasture rights, nature values, and access, in addition to sustainability in general. These discourses create a perception of reality in stark contrast to the central- government discourse, as found in the plan and building act, and governmental documents.

Shengnan Geng, Y. Wang, Jian Zuo et al.

H. Hancock, H. Hancock, J. Hendrikx et al.

<p>Atmospheric circulation exerts an important control on a region's snow avalanche activity by broadly determining the mountain weather patterns that influence snowpack development and avalanche release. In central Spitsbergen, the largest island in the High Arctic Svalbard archipelago, avalanches are a common natural hazard throughout the winter months. Previous work has identified a unique snow climate reflecting the region's climatically dynamic environmental setting but has not specifically addressed the synoptic-scale control of atmospheric circulation on avalanche activity here. In this work, we investigate atmospheric circulation's control on snow avalanching in the Nordenskiöld Land region of central Spitsbergen by first constructing a four-season (2016/2017–2019/2020) regional avalanche activity record using observations available on a database used by the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE). We then analyze the synoptic atmospheric conditions on days with differing avalanche activity situations. Our results show atmospheric circulation conducive to elevated precipitation, wind speeds, and air temperatures near Svalbard are associated with increased avalanche activity in Nordenskiöld Land, but different synoptic signals exist for days characterized by dry, mixed, and wet avalanche activity. Differing upwind conditions help further explain differences in the frequency and nature of avalanche activity resulting from these various atmospheric circulation patterns. We further employ a daily atmospheric circulation calendar to help contextualize our results in the growing body of literature related to climate change in this location. This work helps expand our understanding of snow avalanches in Svalbard to a broader spatial scale and provides a basis for future work investigating the impacts of climate change on avalanche activity in Svalbard and other locations where avalanche regimes are impacted by changing climatic and synoptic conditions.</p>

Simone Franceschini, Simone Franceschini, Alessandro Cau et al.

Plastic waste dumped in the marine environment has severe ecological, social and economic impacts. In recent years, a series of scientific studies documented the contamination by macroplastic and its impact on marine organisms through the accidental ingestion of microplastics, which also originate from the degradation of macroplastic. However, the relationship between the spatial distribution of marine litter and the ingestion of plastics by organisms have never been related. In this work, we aimed to investigate, through a modeling approach, the relations between potential sources of microplastic particles (i.e., seafloor macroplastic accumulation hotspots detected by means of trawl surveys), and the ingestion by the benthic crustacean Norwegian lobster (Nephrops norvegicus). According to the literature, N. norvegicus is characterized by a sedentary behavior and therefore it has been highlighted as a proficient sentinel species for local microplastic contamination. Despite no significant relation has been found between microplastic ingestion and the local presence of seafloor macroplastic, it seems that proximity to hotspots of macroplastic accumulation is significantly related to microplastics ingestion. These results highlight important considerations on the fate of plastic in the marine environments with significant impacts on biota and the quality of the product caught at sea.

Jon Mikkel Broch Ålvik

How are gendered identities enabled, contested, and performed through Nordic popular music? Building on relevant approaches in popular music analysis, this article offers an investigation into the function/s of language and musical style in enabling and engendering agency and subjectivity via two case studies in Norwegian popular music. Gender and language are crucial factors in this. In a global context of popular music, bands and artists who choose to sing in their local language may be seen to take up marginal positions compared to artists who choose to sing in English, as the choice of language would naturally limit their audience. I argue that this overlooks the efficacy of using one’s local language to express points of view that are relevant on a local level; what is more, it overlooks the possibility of subverting globalized trends and using these to one’s own ends. In this article, I offer close readings of Norwegian-language albums by two all-female groups: the hip-hop duo Kuuk (Live fra Blitz) and the electronica duo Skrap (Atlantis). Applying Russell A. Potter’s (1995) concept of the ‘resistance vernacular’ as it has been expanded and operationalized by Tony Mitchell (2004), I contend that the bands’ use of their local language opens their music to a broader set of possibilities when it comes to subverting gender and genre norms at the same time as it enhances the music’s political potential. Working in discernible genres enables both bands to create music that expresses a feminist stance; in the case of Kuuk, deconstructing and subverting expectations of gendered behaviour through parodying hip-hop misogyny, and in the case of Skrap, drawing on strategic naïvety to steer clear of gender stereotypes.

Zada Pajalić, Zora Raboteg-Šarić

Introduction: Menopause is a complex physiological, self-perceived health condition caused by the reduction and termination of ovarian function, a process that results in a range of both psychological and physiological symptoms. The aim of this literature review was to synthesize the results of published studies on factors associated with menopausal symptoms in women during the transition to menopause and the postmenopausal period. Methods: This systematic review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement. Primary studies published between 2007 and 2017 were identified through the following databases: PUBMED, SCOPUS, and CINAHL. In total, 3301 studies were identified and 279 were screened in full text. Of these, 54 studies were included for quality assessment using checklists from the Norwegian Institute for Public Health. A total of 22 studies were ultimately selected for inclusion in the results. These were thematically reviewed. Results: A wide range of determinants was sorted as socio-demographic predictors, reproductive factors, clinical characteristics, behavioral, and lifestyle characteristics, and their association with the following outcomes were examined: The prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms; sexual functioning; health indicators and health behaviors; health-related quality of life; physical performance; and cognitive changes and attitudes; and the prevalence and age of natural menopause. Conclusions: The current state of knowledge regarding menopause indicates that a wide array of instruments and variables have been employed and assessed to further understanding about menopause-related symptoms. This systematic review provides information on factors that be considered in the treatment of menopause-related changes that may be bothersome for menopausal women.

Jansåker F, Frimodt-Møller N, Benfield TL et al.

Filip Jans&aring;ker,1,2 Niels Frimodt-M&oslash;ller,3 Thomas L Benfield,2,4 Jenny Dahl Knudsen1,3 1Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark; 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 3Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 4Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark Purpose: The pharmacokinetic properties of mecillinam (MEC) for urinary tract infections are excellent, and the resistance rate in Enterobacteriaceae is low compared to other recommended antibiotics. The oral prodrug pivmecillinam (P-MEC) has been used successfully as first choice for cystitis in the Nordic countries for many years. Norwegian and Danish guidelines also recommend P-MEC for acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis (AUP) and intravenous (IV) MEC for suspected urosepsis (only in Denmark). Here, we wish to present an updated investigation on the clinical data behind these recommendations together with sparse but more current clinical data.Methods: Prospective clinical trials evaluating MEC as monotherapy or in polytherapy with one other beta-lactam (mostly ampicillin [AMP]) for pyelonephritis or bacteremia were reviewed. Outcomes of primary interest were clinical and bacteriological success and relapse, respectively. Search databases used were PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase.Results: Twelve clinical studies (1979&ndash;2015) were included in this integrated literature review. Clinical success was seen in 38/51 (75%) patients treated with MEC as monotherapy and in 152/164 (93%) patients treated with MEC and one other beta-lactam. Bacteriological success was seen in 35/47 (74%) and 117/167 (70%) patients treated with MEC alone and with one other beta-lactam, respectively. In complicated infections, bacteriological success was much lower. Clinical relapse rate was not well described. Several uropathogenic bacteremia cases were treated successfully with MEC alone (ie, 10/15 [67%] and 13/15 [87%] for clinical and bacteriological success, respectively) or with one other beta-lactam (ie, 57/65 [88%] and 53/63 [84%] for clinical and bacteriological success, respectively). However, data on bacteremia are very sparse. Adverse reactions were few and mild (73/406 [18%]) and primarily seen when AMP was co-administered (69/73 [95%]). No serious adverse reactions were reported.Conclusion: IV MEC or oral P-MEC for 14&nbsp;days may be suitable for the treatment of AUP and pediatric pyelonephritis. Randomized controlled trials using a single standardized dose of P-MEC compared to other current recommendations are warranted. Similarly, more evidence is required before MEC should be recommended for bacteremia or sepsis due to Enterobacteriaceae. Keywords: pyelonephritis, mecillinam, review, pivmecillinam, amdinocillin

Chen Liang

This article aims to provide spatial analysis of an adaptation of Ibsen’s The Lady from the Sea and the musical Shanghai Lady staged in China in 2009 and directed by Shi Jun, a young Chinese associate professor from Shanghai Theatre Academy. The notion of space may be viewed from two perspectives: first, as a textual construction, it reflects the characterization applied and theme shaped by the director; second, as an on-stage theatrical technique, it conveys the director’s understanding and innovative manoeuvre of adaptation in the target culture. The article tries to analyse the spatial renovation in Shanghai Lady, both in the text and on the stage, from the two perspectives mentioned above and aims to reveal the contemporary Chinese ideological reception of Ibsen’s plays and the literary techniques exhibited in its adaptation.

William M. Downs

Kiil, Hanne

“Poor daddy”–child's perspective and iconotext in three award-winning picture books. The Western dichotomy between children and adults characterize our opinion both on children and childhood. In this understanding framework the children are seen as something totally different from adults. Can artistic children's literature modify this habitual thinking about such hierarchical levels? The three books to examine closer have all won awards from Ministry of Culture as the best Norwegian picture book that year. Both Svein Nyhus: Pappa [Daddy] (1998), Hans Sande and Gry Moursund: Arkimedes og brødskiva [Archimedes and the Sandwich] (2000) and Stein Erik Lunde and Øyvind Torseter: Eg kan ikkje sove no [I Can't Sleep Now] (2008) are first-person narratives where the main character is a child. In such picture books visual and verbal point of view rarely are the same. The illustrations usually observe the central character from a distance and then allow the reader not only to adopt the narrator's point of view. What kind of ambiguities in the complex relationship between text and images give signals to the readers–and to the understanding of the narrator's position and perspective? What can this perspective and the iconotext in the three books tell us about today's children's role?

L. Nøttestad, M. Aksland, A. K. Beltestad et al.

Abstract The behaviour of Norwegian spring spawning herring (Clupea harengus L.) was studied in a spawning ground off Kanney in southwestern Norway. A total of 47 schools were tracked from 5 to 60 minutes using multi-beam sonar and echosounder. Variables recorded included the horizontal area and vertical extent, depth, density and structure of schools and their swimming speed and direction. Herring schools were defined into five categories that differed in several respects: Immigrating schools had a large horizontal area and a more elongated shape than other schools. They swam deep and had a consistent swimming speed and direction. Searching schools were smaller and more dense and their swimming speed and direction varied. Spawning schools settled on the bottom; they had small vertical extent and low density. Emigrating schools were smaller in horizontal area and less dense than immigrating schools and they swam higher in the water column. Feeding schools were oflow density and were dynamic in their shape...

A. Lerdal, B. Moe, Elin Digre et al.

Title Stages of Change – Continuous Measure (URICA-E2): psychometrics of a Norwegian version. Aim This paper is a report of research to translate the English version of the Stages of Change continuous measure questionnaire (URICA-E2) into Norwegian and to test the validity of the questionnaire and its usefulness in predicting behavioural change. Background While the psychometric properties of the Stages of Change categorical measure have been tested extensively, evaluation of the psychometric properties of the continuous questionnaire has not been described elsewhere in the literature. Method Cross-sectional data were collected with a convenience sample of 198 undergraduate nursing students in 2005 and 2006. The English version of URICA-E2 was translated into Norwegian according to standardized procedures. Findings Principal components analysis clearly confirmed five of the dimensions of readiness to change (Precontemplation Non-Believers, Precontemplation Believers, Contemplation, Preparation and Maintenance), while the sixth dimension, Action, showed the lowest Eigenvalue (0·93). Findings from the cluster analysis indicate distinct profiles among the respondents in terms of readiness to change their exercise behaviour. Conclusion The URICA-E2 was for the most part replicated from Reed’s original work. The result of the cluster analysis of the items associated with the factor ‘Action’ suggests that these do not adequately measure the factor.

R. Henrich, K. Baumann

Abstract Records of biogenic and terrigenous components have been obtained from the interval corresponding to the last 2.6 m.y. of ODP Sites 643 and 644 in order to reconstruct surface and deep water regimes in the Norwegian Sea. Surface water regimes record long lasting moderate glacial conditions during the interval 2.6–1.0 Ma. Small intrusions of Atlantic water episodically penetrated into the Norwegian Sea forming a narrow tongue along the eastern margin, which is documented at Site 644. The polar front was most probably situated between the Site 644 and 643 locations on the outer Voring Plateau during these time intervals. Deep water regimes reflect long-term persistent corrosive bottom waters, most probably due to a weakly undersaturated water column and a low rate of carbonate shell production in surface waters. Deep water production in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea may have operated in a different way, e.g. brine formation during winter sea ice growth. Bottom waters were oxygenated throughout the entire period, and deep water was exchanged persistently with the North Atlantic. Increased glacial/interglacial environmental contrasts are documented, reflecting a strengthening of the Norwegian Current and intensified glaciations on the surrounding land masses during the interval 1.0–0.6 Ma. During this time a major shift in the mode of deep water production occurred. The onset of large amplitudes in glacial/interglacial environmental conditions with maximum contrasts in surface water regimes, different modes of deep water production, and intensified exchange with the North Atlantic marks the last 0.6 Ma. A broad development of the Norwegian Current is observed during peak interglacials, while during glacials seasonally variable sea ice cover and iceberg drift dominate surface water conditions.

B. Bodungen, A. Antia, E. Bauerfeind et al.

H. Andruleit

Abstract Coccolithophore fluxes were investigated by sediment trap studies at two well separated oceanographic sites in the Norwegian and Greenland seas from 1990 to 1992. Each trap mooring comprised traps at 500 and 1000 m water depth and 300 m above the seafloor. Both sites were characterized by a strong seasonality in coccolithophore fluxes. In the Norwegian Sea fluxes were about 10 to 20 times higher than in the Greenland Sea. Maximum fluxes (13 × 106 ind. m−2d−1 for the Norwegian Sea and 2.4 × 106 ind. m−2d−1 for the Greenland Sea) were reached during high sedimentation phases in late summer and autumn. The settling assemblages represented already highly altered remnants of the former living communities. Dominant species were Emiliania huxleyi in the Norwegian Sea and Coccolithus pelagicus in the Greenland Sea. Despite severe alterations the coccolithophore assemblages of each site were characterized by a distinct signature reflecting the local oceanography. The settling assemblages underwent only minor alterations during sinking from 500 to 1000 m water depth. By contrast, resuspension and lateral advection within an extensive bottom nepheloid layer strongly influenced the assemblages of the deep sediment traps 300 m above the seafloor, wiping out the distinct seasonality in coccolithophore fluxes and diminishing the differences in assemblage compositions between the two sites.