Abstract Reliable streamflow projections are essential for effective water‐resource management and climate adaptation. However, streamflow projections are associated with large uncertainties due to divergent precipitation projections from climate models, which directly propagate into hydrological estimates. Observation‐constrained approaches that condition future projections on past observations have been shown to reduce such uncertainties; however, they have not been applied to streamflow projections across the Indian rivers. Using long‐term streamflow and global mean surface temperature observations, climate model projections, hydrological modeling, and a Bayesian detection–attribution framework, we developed observational constrained streamflow projections for nine major Indian rivers. The method reduces the 5–95% confidence interval of future streamflow projections by nearly one‐third compared to raw multimodel ensembles, with constraint strength controlled by internal streamflow variability and inter‐model spread in the unconstrained ensemble. Projection uncertainty is further reduced to ∼20% when considering projections based only on skillful climate models. Constrained projections indicate significant increases in streamflow in the near‐, mid‐, and far‐future periods, except for the Cauvery basin, which shows a near‐term decline. Applying the method to raw precipitation projections reveals comparable constraint strength and increases confidence in the results, given the strong dependence of Indian river flows on precipitation. Our findings underscore the importance of combining skillful climate models with post‐processing constraint methods to substantially reduce model‐based uncertainty. Overall, our results provide critical insights into future streamflow changes across Indian rivers, supporting long‐term water‐resource planning and climate‐resilient management.
Study Area: The Tailan River Basin in the Aksu region and the Yulong Kashi River in the Hotan River Basin of Xinjiang are located at respective geographical coordinates of 80°21'44'' to 81°10'14'' E, 40°41'41'' to 42°15'13'' N, and 77.25° to 81.75° E, 34.75° to 36.25° N. Study Focus: To tackle the complexity of runoff prediction in high-altitude cold regions, alongside the limitations of existing machine learning approaches, where nonlinear relationships, long-term dependencies, and sparse observational data pose significant challenges, previous models have consistently struggled to account for these issues. In response, we propose a hybrid runoff prediction model that combines Dung Beetle Optimization (DBO)'s optimization capabilities, Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCN)’s proficiency in extracting local temporal features, and the Transformer’s ability to capture long-term dependencies. In addition, the Bootstrap method is employed to merge point prediction outcomes for interval runoff forecasting, providing robust uncertainty estimates to address data limitations in these regions. New Hydrological Insights for the Region: The DBO-TCN-Transformer model consistently attains a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) above 0.81, showcasing enhanced performance over traditional models. Across various forecast periods, the model’s NSE values are 6.9–26.9 % higher than those of the TCN and Transformer models, offering more reliable short-term and long-term predictions. Furthermore, the Bootstrap algorithm’s probabilistic approach provides valuable insights into forecast uncertainty, a crucial feature for managing water resources and mitigating flood risks in high-altitude cold regions with complex hydrological dynamics.
Widiyanto Widiyanto, Lestari Eny, Rusdiyana Eksa
et al.
The Climate Village Program (ProKlim) aims to strengthen community participation in local climate mitigation and adaptation. Although several areas in Surakarta have reached the Main Class category, sustaining community motivation remains a challenge. This study analyzes the sustainability of ProKlim by examining social, economic, and environmental factors influencing long-term engagement. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, FGDs, observations, and documentation. The findings show that strong social capital and local leadership support sustainability, while fluctuating participation, dependence on external incentives, and limited cadre regeneration hinder continuity. Economic activities exist but remain small-scale. The results imply that continuous mentoring, strengthened community-based economic initiatives, and structured monitoring are essential to ensure sustained ProKlim implementation beyond assessment cycle. The result imply that continuous mentoring, strengthened community-base economic initiatives, and structured monitoring to maintain consistent ProKlim implementation beyond competition cycles. Strengthening these aspects is essential for ensuring the ling-term sustainability of Main Class ProKlim as a community-driven climate resilience initiative.
L’une des orientations de la charte du Parc national des Cévennes est de promouvoir une agriculture respectueuse de la biodiversité et des principes de l’agroécologie. Dans un contexte d’évolution globale du climat et de raréfaction de la ressource nectarifère, le Parc a lancé de 2020 à 2023 un programme d'envergure afin d’être un territoire pilote pour l’accueil des pollinisateurs sauvages et domestiques.
Aurora Ranting Salsabilla, LGLK. Dewi, Ni Putu Eka Mahadewi
Green marketing mix is an important field of study for companies because it provides opportunities for competitive advantage that can influence consumer purchasing decisions. This research aims to determine the effect of green marketing mix on purchasing decisions for Beach Voluntrip product at PT. Gemilang Media Wisatama (Travelxism) partially and simultaneously. This research uses quantitative research methods and data collection techniques including observation, documentation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature study. Data analysis techniques in this research include research instrument tests, classical assumption tests, descriptive statistical analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. The sampling technique in this research uses probability sampling technique and saturation sampling by distributing questionnaires to domestic tourists aged ? 17 years who had purchased Beach Voluntrip product at Travelxism. The results state that green marketing mix variable has a significant and positive effect on the purchasing decision variable partially and simultaneously. Based on the research results, Travelxism is advised to intensify promotions targeting tourists with an age range of 17-25 years on social media, diversify eco-friendly tourism products and provide competitive prices so they can compete with alternative tourism products and other conventional tourism products.
Abstract The Median Tectonic Line (MTL) is an arc-parallel strike-slip fault that accommodates much of the arc-parallel component of the oblique convergence of the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates at the Nankai Trough. The MTL in Shikoku is one of the fastest-slipping faults in Japan, with a late Quaternary right-lateral slip rate of 5–10 mm/yr. To estimate the right-lateral slip amounts of the past faulting events on the MTL, we acquired 2D and pseudo-3D ground-penetrating radar (GPR) sections across the ENE-trending Ikeda fault of the MTL in eastern Shikoku. We conducted the GPR surveys at the Higashi-Miyoshi site, where two terrace riser offsets mark the active fault trace. The 2D lines were about 28–64 m long, and the pseudo-3D data were sized 20 m × 30 m with a 0.5-m inline spacing. We used 50 MHz GPR antennas and conducted wide-angle measurements to estimate the electromagnetic wave velocity. We identified three paleochannels on the final depth-converted GPR sections, and two of them are deflected by the fault. A paleochannel at 0.6–1.4 m depth is observed on all inline sections of the pseudo-3D GPR data. We built a 3D model of this paleochannel and estimated the right-lateral and vertical displacements of ~ 3.5 m and ~ 0.5 m, respectively. This paleochannel offset is probably caused by the most recent surface-rupturing earthquake on the Ikeda fault, which may be the 1596 Keicho-Fushimi earthquake. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the GPR surveys to identify geological features displaced laterally and vertically by the most recent surface-rupturing earthquake.
Este texto é resultado de uma etnografia realizada sobre os artefatos do povo indígena Tapirapé. Para esse povo, os artefatos e a pintura corporal são saberes xamânicos o xamã é o responsável por trazer esses saberes dos espíritos para eles. Além de ornamentar e embelezar o corpo, os artefatos podem proteger dos espíritos, provocar doenças e a morte. Alguns artefatos são considerados encantados e devem ser destruídos após o ritual, e não podem ser conservados e expostos em museus. Reflito sobre como os artefatos transitam entre significados e espaços, os rituais, no cotidiano da aldeia, museus, mercado, modos de confecção e intercâmbio com outros povos.
Abstract
This text is the result of an ethnography carried out on the artifacts of the Tapirapé indigenous people. For this people, artifacts and body painting are shamanic knowledge. The shaman is responsible for bringing these knowledge of the spirits to them. In addition to decorating and embellishing the body, artifacts can protect from spirits, cause disease and death. Some artifacts are considered enchanted and must be destroyed after the ritual, and be preserved and exhibited in museums.
Resumen
Este texto es resultado de una etnografía realizada sobre los artefactos del pueblo indígena Tapirapé. Para ese pueblo, los artefactos y la pintura corporal son saberes chamánicos; el chamán es el responsable por llevar a ellos esos saberes de los espíritus. Además de adornar y embellecer el cuerpo, los artefactos pueden proteger de los espíritus, provocar enfermedades y la muerte. Algunos artefactos son considerados encantados y deben ser destruidos después del ritual, y no pueden ser conservados y expuestos en museos. Reflexiono sobre como los artefactos transitan entre significados y espacios, los rituales, en el cotidiano de la aldea, museos, mercado, modos de confección e intercambio con otros pueblos.
During the recovery after the economic crisis, much academic and policy attention was diverted to the
role of cities as growth hubs all over Europe and the world. Significant economic disparities are a longstanding
problem for the United Kingdom as a whole, which have been growing for decades and are
remarkably high among the most developed OECD and EU countries. To investigate recent spatial
processes, the methodology of our research relies on comparative spatial data analysis and literature
review. Our analyses will cover the issue of a spatially more balanced development based on the
“northern powerhouse” initiative which builds upon the collective strength of the cities in the North.
Addressing the ‘national’ problem of regional inequalities, spatial rebalancing is assumed to be inevitable,
especially in the light of the new economic and regional challenges posed by the Brexit decision.
Recreation. Leisure, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology
Recreation, a topic studied since the 1930s in geography, in spite of its definition simply as a form of enjoyment, offers multiple benefits to its practitioners. It happens outside of obligatory occupations in urban areas or in the countryside, at home and overseas, and in a wide variety of settings. Recreationists demonstrate embodied forms of engagement that are socialized, and thus their place in society determines the sites where they participate as well as their capacity to do so. Recreation has a range of impacts – environmental, social, physical, economic – and its sustainability, especially outdoors, needs more geographic investigation and public support.
The widely used detailed SNOWPACK model has undergone constant development
over the years. A notable recent extension is the introduction of a Richards
equation (RE) solver as an alternative for the bucket-type approach for
describing water transport in the snow and soil layers. In addition,
continuous updates of snow settling and new snow density parameterizations
have changed model behavior. This study presents a detailed evaluation of
model performance against a comprehensive multiyear data set from
Weissfluhjoch near Davos, Switzerland. The data set is collected by automatic
meteorological and snowpack measurements and manual snow profiles. During the
main winter season, snow height (RMSE: < 4.2 cm), snow water equivalent
(SWE, RMSE: < 40 mm w.e.), snow temperature distributions (typical
deviation with measurements: < 1.0 °C) and snow density (typical
deviation with observations: < 50 kg m<sup>−3</sup>) as well as their temporal
evolution are well simulated in the model and the influence of the two water
transport schemes is small. The RE approach reproduces internal differences
over capillary barriers but fails to predict enough grain growth since the
growth routines have been calibrated using the bucket scheme in the original
SNOWPACK model. However, the agreement in both density and grain size is
sufficient to parameterize the hydraulic properties successfully. In the melt
season, a pronounced underestimation of typically 200 mm w.e. in SWE is
found. The discrepancies between the simulations and the field data are
generally larger than the differences between the two water transport
schemes. Nevertheless, the detailed comparison of the internal snowpack
structure shows that the timing of internal temperature and water dynamics is
adequately and better represented with the new RE approach when compared to
the conventional bucket scheme. On the contrary, the progress of the
meltwater front in the snowpack as detected by radar and the temporal
evolution of the vertical distribution of melt forms in manually observed
snow profiles do not support this conclusion. This discrepancy suggests that
the implementation of RE partly mimics preferential flow effects.
Alas de maguey. La lucha de Eufrosina Cruz Mendoza, by Marta Gómez-Rodulfo, with a preface by Elena Poniatowska, 2012.Embers of the Past. Essays in Times of Decolonization, by Javier Sanjinés C., with a foreword by Walter D. Mignolo; translated by David Frye, 2013.The Village Is Like a Wheel: Rethinking Cargos, Family and Ethnicity in Highland Mexico, by Roger Magazine, 2012.
The emergence of a movement centred on hunting had something atypical about it on the French political scene in the late 1980’s, although similar phenomena developed at the same moment in Italy, the United Kingdom and Portugal. Initially, they were interpreted as purely reactionary, revealing a return to a form of poujadism. By settling in for the long term and highlighting its agrarian ideological background, the “hunters’ party” (CPNT : Hunting, fishing, nature and traditions) subsequently provoked various renewals – analyzing it. Here we propose approaching the phenomenon from a theoretical angle inspired by Oskar Negt. He encourages us to see this initial attempt at making an oppositional public space emerge as the mark of a “rebellious subjectivity”, present among these “little hunters” also actors in the labour movement. Quickly caught up in the constitution of a political party, this aborted experiment swung in favour of institutionalization. Yet the party has preserved traces of its rebellious origins in its repertory of action. This story also has a lot to say about identitary processes placing class membership and territorial reference in competition.
Different observation techniques for atmospheric turbulent fluxes of momentum and sensible heat were tested in a High-Arctic valley in Svalbard during two consecutive summers (June–August in 2010 and 2011). The gradient method (GM) and the bulk method (BM) have been compared to the more direct eddy covariance method (ECM) in order to evaluate if relatively robust and cheap instrumentation with low power consumption can be used as a means to increase the number of observations, especially at remote locations where instruments need to be left unattended for extended periods. Such campaigns increase knowledge about the snow-free surface exchange processes, an area which is relatively little investigated compared to snow-covered ground. The GM agreed closely to the ECM, especially for momentum flux where the two methods agree within 5%. For sensible heat flux, the GM produces, on average, approximately 40% lower values for unstable stratification and 67% lower for stable stratification. However, this corresponds to only 20 and 12 W m−2, respectively. The BM, however, shows a greater scatter and larger differences for both parameters. In addition to testing these methods, radiation properties were measured and the surface albedo was found to increase through the summer, from approximately 0.1 to 0.2. The surface energy budget shows that the sensible heat flux is usually directed upwards for the whole summer, while the latent heat flux is upwards in June, but becomes downward in July and August.
Maria Aparecida Pontes da Fonseca, Renata Mayara Moreira de Lima
Na última década, o litoral potiguar torna-se alvo de investimentos internacionais para a implantação de condomínios fechados, resorts e condhotéis, associando segundas residências com empreendimentos turísticos. As políticas públicas de turismo implantadas nos últimos anos contribuíram para o melhor aparelhamento do território, no que se refere a sua logística, verificando-se, em decorrência, a atração não apenas de investimentos turísticos tradicionais, mas também de novas tipologias que associam empreendimentos turísticos ao setor imobiliário. A presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo identificar o perfil da demanda estrangeira de segunda residência na Região Metropolitana de Natal. Nos procedimentos metodológicos foram feito o levantamento de dados secundários em diversos órgãos públicos (IBGE, MITUR, SETUR/RN) sobre a expansão das segundas residências e a realização de entrevistas nas imobiliárias que negociam este tipo de imóvel, cadastradas no Sindicato do Setor Imobiliário do RN (SECOVI/RN). Os resultados do estudo permitiram chegar a uma série de conclusões. Verificou-se que o consumidor estrangeiro de segunda residência possui faixa etária entre 30 e 50 anos e se constitui, em sua maioria, de profissionais liberais. As nacionalidades que mais procuram a localidade para a aquisição deste tipo de imóvel são: espanhóis, noruegueses, portugueses, ingleses e italianos. Identificou-se que há uma predominância do sexo masculino na demanda e que a maioria possui curso superior completo. Verificou-se também que os proprietários de residência secundária possuem alto poder aquisitivo; o investimento é a motivação principal para a aquisição deste tipo de imóvel e o preço praticado no mercado imobiliário na RMN é fator relevante para a aquisição de segunda residência na localidade.
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services