Hasil untuk "Geography (General)"

Gentur Adi Tjahjono, Afrida Mahavira Harmasita

Geography education plays a crucial role in enhancing students’ environmental awareness. One of the applicable approaches is the integration of local wisdom into the learning process. Local wisdom reflects the traditional ways communities have preserved environmental balance across generations. This study aims to (1) analyse the types of local wisdom in Kerjo District, (2) examine the implementation of local wisdom in geography learning, and (3) assess the impact of local wisdom on students’ understanding of environmental issues. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Kerjo, which has implemented local wisdom-based learning. The research subjects include geography teachers and students. Data collection techniques involve observation, interviews, and analysis of teaching materials and school policy documents. The collected data were analysed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings of the study are as follows: (1) Kerjo District has eight types of local wisdom, namely Nyadran, Bersih Desa, Tirakatan, Suran, Gotong Royong, Wetonan, Sedekah Bumi, and Rasulan; (2) The implementation of local wisdom-based education at SMA N 1 Kerjo is not yet optimal; (3) Students’ understanding of environmental topics in geography learning at SMA N 1 Kerjo needs improvement. This study highlights the importance of integrating local wisdom into geography education to strengthen students’ comprehension of environmental issues. It serves as a reference for educators and policymakers in developing more contextual and applicable culturally-based curricula in environmental education.

Calum J. Pritchard, Nabeil K. G. Salama, Iain Berrill et al.

Abstract Minimum landing sizes are a fisheries management tool conventionally used to exclude juveniles from fisheries. Harvest slot limits (HSL) are an alternative fisheries management tool used to exclude both juveniles and larger individuals from a fishery through the implementation of both minimum and maximum landing sizes. However, fishery‐dependent data from HSL‐managed fisheries are only representative of a small portion of the population. These data do not meet the requirements for conventional stock assessments nor harvest control rules, so these fisheries cannot be assessed without additional and expensive fishery‐independent data. The objective of this research was to develop a novel harvest control rule able to produce catch advice for fisheries managed by HSL using fishery‐dependent data. The SlotLim method, and corresponding R package, were developed and applied to the data‐limited Scottish live ballan wrasse Labrus bergylta fishery. Within SlotLim, the advised catch is a product of the previous catch and two multipliers: the targeted biomass adjustment (TBA) and size adherence multiplier (SAM). The TBA assesses the rate of change in an abundance or biomass index, adjusted for the proportion of the population targeted by HSL. The SAM assesses fishers' compliance with HSL. The methodology follows a simple premise: the advised catch increases with increasing abundance/biomass indices and adherence to HSL. The minimum data requirements are two consecutive years of catch, length frequency and an abundance or biomass index (all from fishery‐dependent sources), species‐specific growth rate coefficients and the natural mortality rate. The SlotLim method advised catch for a reduction in catch by 17% for the Scottish ballan wrasse fishery due to an observed reduction in abundances indices and non‐adherence to maximum landing sizes. Solution. The SlotLim method allows HSL‐managed fisheries to be assessed at limited expense, contributing to the continued sustainable use of these resources. HSL may also be considered a viable strategy for other data‐limited fisheries upon the availability of this harvest control rule.

Francis Adams

The two faces of fear: Violence and fear in the Mexican metropolis, by Ana Villarreal. Oxford University Press, 2024

Chun-Wei Huang, Si Ying Yau, Chiao-Ling Kuo et al.

Study region: The Choushui River Fan, Taiwan. Study focus: Groundwater overdraft has led to not only groundwater depletion but also environmental disasters, such as subsidence and seawater intrusion in the Choushui River Alluvial Fan, Taiwan. The influence of land subsidence is gradually shifting from the coast to the center of the fan and threatening Taiwan high-speed rail. However, it remains a great challenge to manage and model the groundwater aquifer due to numerous unregulated wells. This study maps and locates private wells using deep learning technologies. We trained and validated convolutional-based deep learning neural networks (DNNs), using street view images. We applied the DNNs to a land subsidence area along the Taiwan high-speed rail, termed the Golden Corridor in Taiwan. The results showed that DNNs can recognize pumping wells with at least 90% accuracy. The testing cases showed their capability to recall all the pumping wells in three road segments along the Golden Corridor. Finally, we spatially estimated potential pumping of a subsidence area using the fine-trained DNNs. New hydrological insights for the region: Given the prevalence of unknown private pumping in the Choushui River Fan, our image data-driven computer vision approach not only eases labor-intensive private well investigations but also advances hydrologic understanding for groundwater modeling. We enhance comprehension of unknown sinks and provide their spatial distribution to improve groundwater modeling.

Ravinder Jangra, Etender Singh, Sunil Manglaw et al.

پیشینه: ارزیابی ظرفیت ، جزء مهمی در حفظ پایداری در بخش گردشگری است. تمام نگرانی‌ها در گردشگری به تعداد گردشگرانی که از یک مکان خاص بازدید می‌کنند، مرتبط است. منطقه مورد مطالعه دارای مناظر زیبا در اکوسیستم بیابان سرد و همچنین ویژگی‌های متمایز بودایی است که گردشگری انبوه را جذب می‌کند. امروزه، توسعه گردشگری نگرانی‌هایی را در مورد پایداری و ایجاد استانداردهایی برای قابلیت‌های مقصد گردشگری ایجاد کرده است. اهداف: مطالعه حاضر با هدف تجزیه و تحلیل اهداف زیر انجام می‌شود: 1) ارزیابی ظرفیت برد فیزیکی (PCC)، ظرفیت برد واقعی (RCC) و ظرفیت برد مؤثر (ECC) نقاط گردشگری منتخب در روستای ناکو و 2) محاسبه ظرفیت پارکینگ صومعه. روش شناسی: روش‌های مشخص‌شده در اتحادیه بین‌المللی حفاظت از طبیعت و منابع طبیعی (IUCN) برای اندازه‌گیری ظرفیت برد مقاصد گردشگری خاص در ناکو استفاده شد. تکنیک‌های سه سطحی برای ارزیابی ظرفیت برد فیزیکی (۲۸۱۶۱ نفر)، ظرفیت برد واقعی (۴۱۶۲ نفر) و ظرفیت برد مؤثر (۲۹۶۸ نفر) به کار گرفته شد. نتایج: نتایج نشان می‌دهد که ظرفیت برد مؤثر (ECC) مناسب‌ترین روش برای تخمین است و وضعیت فعلی گردشگری در منطقه مورد مطالعه کمتر از ظرفیت خود بهره‌برداری شده است. نتیجه‌گیری: سیستم‌های بسیار کوچک تا بزرگ در ناکو یافت می‌شوند و این سیستم‌ها از انواع مختلف فعالیت‌ها نیز پشتیبانی می‌کنند. گردشگری یک فعالیت بسیار رایج است و تأثیرات زیست‌محیطی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی دارد. این تأثیرات به پارامترهای مختلفی وابسته بوده و با تغییر ماهیت تعامل نیز تغییر می‌کنند. مشخص شده است که وضعیت فعلی فعالیت گردشگری در منطقه مورد مطالعه در مقایسه با ظرفیت برد آن، بسیار کمتر از حد بهره‌برداری قرار گرفته است.

Sahar Mehrran, Ali Akbar Taghilou, Khadijeh Javan

Analysis of land use change in Nazlou district of Urmia in the 2005-2018 time series Abstract Population growth, increased prosperity, the spread of technology, and the improper use of land have in recent decades imposed many changes on land. Nazlou district in Urmia city has been exposed to many changes due to its favorable natural conditions, location in the development paths of Urmia-Cir and Urmia-Bazargan, establishment of numerous industrial estates and so on. So planning to manage these changes requires studying land use changes. The purpose of this study was to detect land use changes in Nazlou district in Urmia city using Landsat TM and OLI satellite images by Object Oriented Classification. Also, two methods of change detection and change intensity index in land use change monitoring were used to investigate the severity and trend of land use changes. This study was descriptive and analytical and data collection was done by documentary method. The survey showed that during the study period (2005-2018) of the total area of ​​77498.37 hectares, the total area under study was approximately 25981.56 ha (33.52%). The highest level of change in 2005 relates to the level of the horticulture, with its downward trend in 2018. In contrast, changes in rangeland and dryland land use have an increasing trend, respectively.

Shiqin Yu, Shiqin Yu, Shiqin Yu et al.

Urbanization has induced substantial changes in soil physicochemical characteristic, which plays an important role in regulating soil fauna biodiversity in forests and grasslands. However, less is known about the urbanization effect on soil fauna biodiversity and how soil physicochemical changes mediate this effect. Along an urbanization gradient in the city of Guangzhou, we established four sites with different urbanization intensities, including an urban site, two suburban sites, and a rural site, and then studied their soil physicochemical characteristic and soil fauna biodiversity. The soil physicochemical characteristic dramatically changed along the urbanization gradient. In contrast, the soil fauna biodiversity exhibited a very different pattern. Soil fauna abundance was highest in the suburban sites. Moreover, there were significant changes of Pielou’s evenness and community structure in the suburban sites. Soil fauna biodiversity property in the urban site was similar to that in the rural site, except that the rural site was characterized by Enchytraeidae while the urban site was not characterized by any taxa. Our linear and canonical correspondence analysis models suggested that soil physicochemical characteristic only contributed a little to the variance of soil fauna abundance (19%), taxa number (27%), and community structure (12%). In contrast, soil physicochemical characteristic explained about half of the variance in Shannon’s diversity and Pielou’s evenness. However, with urbanization intensity increasing, soil physicochemical changes could both increase and decrease the diversity and evenness. Thus, our results revealed an inconsistent pattern between soil fauna biodiversity and soil physicochemical characteristic along an urbanization gradient. This study suggested that soil physicochemical change was less important as expected in regulating soil fauna biodiversity pattern under an urbanization context. To elucidate the effect of urbanization on soil fauna biodiversity, further studies should take other urbanization agents into account.

Shiloh Deitz, Amy Lobben, Arielle Alferez

Data about the accessibility of United States municipalities is infrastructure in the smart city. What is counted and how, reflects the sociotechnical imaginary (norms and values) of a time or place. In this paper we focus on features identified by people with disabilities as promoting or hindering safe pedestrian travel. We use a regionally stratified sample of 178 cities across the United States. The municipalities were scored on two factors: their open data practices (or lack thereof), and the degree to which they cataloged the environmental features that persons with disabilities deemed critical for safe movement through urban spaces. In contradiction to the dominating narrative of too much data and not enough analyses, we find that when it comes to data points that might be useful to persons with disabilities, data are lacking. This data gap has consequences both politically and materially—on one hand data could help enforce compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, on the other they would allow for safe route planning. We find that reading these data formats and collection patterns from the perspective of critical disability studies—particularly those whose work disrupts notions of “normal” —helps answer questions about potential benefits and harms of data practices. This lens has the potential to promote analysis that is as disruptive to injustices as it is practical.

Alicia Sastra Millenium, I Wayan Suardana, I Made Kusuma Negara

The increase in international tourist every year on the island of Bali is used by tourism entrepreneurs to help the government increase regional and the state revenues. The need for transportation for travel activities provides an opportunity for Bananaz Bali to launch the first rental application in Bali. Based on Start-up, Bananaz Bali applies digital marketing and is also assisted by implementing brand awareness activities. This study requires 75 respondents with the criteria of over the age of 18 years old, and have already used Bananaz Bali services. All the data collected through questionnaires and then processed using data analysis techniques SEM Partial Least Square. The results of this study are: 1) There is a positive and significant relationship between digital marketing variable and brand awareness. 2) There is a negative and insignificant relationship between digital marketing variable on purchasing decisions. 3) Against a positive and significant relationship between brand awareness and purchasing decisions.

Caroline Rozenholc-Escobar

Para contribuir com os debates sobre as implicações, os atores e os instrumentos geopolíticos do turismo, este artigo trata, em particular, do turismo religioso. Para tanto, baseia-se nos primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa em geografia urbana sobre o papel da indústria turístico-religiosa na formação do espaço israelense-palestino e como instrumento geopolítico do posicionamento de Israel e dos Territórios Palestinos no cenário internacional. A análise é direcionada aos lugares que contribuem para produzir este turismo e as circulações materiais e simbólicas transnacionais das quais esses lugares são objeto. São identificados três tipos de lugares - lugares de peregrinação, lugares de substituição e parques temáticos religiosos - neste campo onde a atração turística continua inabalável, apesar das ocorrências de violência. O artigo mostrará como esses lugares, que são agrupados sob o termo de “lugares de mobilidade”, se articulam e produzem o que se qualificará como “mobilidade dos lugares”.

François Durand-Dastès

Alexandru ILIEȘ, Sorin Dacian BUHAȘ

University football has tradition in the Romanian political context. The first teams that made history in amateur and later professional football were founded in the early twentieth century by students who returned to the country after completing their studies abroad. Through this study, based on the experience in already traditional championships such as the British one, we propose a strategy for implementing such a dual system based on professional development and sports in the Romanian academic environment. The existence of 93 public and private universities (in 2020)2 with own specific infrastructure, 22 university centers and about 0.4 million students provide a "fertile ground" for such approach, for competitions with male and female teams. Through specific methods in the field of territorial planning and geography this study presents: the competitive design, the implementation strategy, human resources, infrastructure, spatial models with systemic functionality, etc. Sport in general and football in particular have proven to be the most effective ambassadors of a community, nation or institution etc.

Hugo Rochard

This article offers reflexive insights on a methodological approach experi­mented with collectives engaged in operations of ecological stewardship of their urban living environments. In addition to revealing a new theoretical agency of communities of human and non-human actors, the investment of certain processes of investigation influences the construction of the research object itself. This method reflects the principles of abduction for which research is always constructed in a situation of interaction between the investigator, the respondents and the object of the investigation. As the boundary between investigator and respondents becomes blurred, the adoption of a reflexive look at these corporal commitments reveals openings and troubles. Ultimately, the experimentation of a multi-species ethnographic relationship leads us to refine the starting hypothesis.

Utia Suarma, Dyah Rahmawati Hizbaron, Sudibyakto Sudibyakto et al.

Geographically, Indonesia has been subjected towards various climate change related phenomena. This research aim at evaluation of participatory implementation towards climate change related policy which has been set in Indonesia. The research method derived from qualitative framework developed by UNESCO. The research took RAN-API or National Action Plan upon Climate Change Adaptation which has been established since 2013. The document has been integrated within National Medium Term Plan launched at 2015 up to 2019. The research revealed that participation has been inclusive to many stakeholder involved within climate change adaptation program. Furthermore, encouragement needs to be carried out at all level especially in urbanized area. Local to national government has pivotal role to introduce many activities engaged to climate change adaptation. At different array, the research also revealed that many participation has been initiated independently by non-government organization as well as local stakeholder which need to be documented in order to ensure its merits.

V. Morales, A. Martínez-Moreno, A. Díaz

Tomando como fuente de información datos de la Dirección General de Actividad Física y Deportes de la Región de Murcia, en este estudio se delimitaron el número de participaciones, ratio de participación, media de participación por población, es decir, cuantas participaciones por individuo se producen en la población en relación al Deporte en edad Escolar en la Región de Murcia durante los cursos 2005 hasta el 2010. La muestra está formada por 155.009 participaciones masculinas y 94.317 femeninas de colegios públicos y privados-concertados. La participación en los centros privados-concertados fue 24,83% con 193.628 matriculados frente a 36,72% en los públicos con 548.100 matriculados. La participación en relación al ratio por individuo también se decanto a favor de los colegios públicos 0,457 frente a los 0,268 de los privados-concertados. Los datos mostraron que es mayor el número de participaciones en términos relativos y absolutos de los centros públicos.

Wilhelm Kavli

Fortjener det tyrkiske demokratiet å bli holdt frem som et eksempel til etterfølgelse for andre muslimske stater? Og hvor relevant er nasjonens muslimske identitet for videre demokratisering i Tyrkia i dag?

Masae Takeno, Shinji Kitagami

A retrospective attention is known that it can enhance an accuracy of only one item within visual working memory, however, it is not clear whether this attention can enhance that of multiple items or not. The previous study showed a null effect of retrospective attention to multiple items (i.e., a limitation of retrospective attention). It assumed that the null effect caused an extra effort to maintain multiple split foci or the retrospective attention cannot enhance multiple items. Present study investigated whether the effort to separate the retrospective attention to multiple items decline the effect of the retrospective attention with a probed-recall paradigm which is assumed more sensitive than that of previous study. Experiment 1 showed that there was a large effect size of single cueing, but there was no difference between a control condition and a double-cue condition where participants needed to distribute attention. However, it detected a weak effect size of attention between the both conditions. It suggested that distributing attention generated the extra effort and load. Then in order to lighten this load, we eliminated ISI between memorized items and attentional cues to use the iconic memory in Experiment 2. As compared with the accuracies in Experiment 1, those in Experiment 2 improved except that in double-cue condition. It was not enhanced by reduction of ISI as well as by the distribution of the attention. This suggested that the attentional effect in double-cue condition decreased due to the load to separate the attention. Thus, to distribute retrospective attention imposes the load and effort. Moreover, it limits the retrospective attention.

T. Karl, Wei‐Chyung Wang, M. Schlesinger et al.

Diego Altafini

O recente processo de reestruturação das metrópoles tem evidenciado uma intensificação da dinâmica do setor terciário, a qual é acompanhada de uma desconcentração das atividades industriais dentro dos centros urbanos. Porto Alegre, sendo uma das bases produtivas do Estado, apresenta alterações profundas neste aspecto, resultando em questões que refletem novas necessidades com relação às políticas públicas e ao planejamento urbano perante as particularidades da região. O presente artigo intenta realizar uma análise de dados procurando esclarecer alguns aspectos sobre a evolução do setor de serviços da metrópole de Porto Alegre, comparando o seu desenvolvimento perante à sua Região Metropolitana (RMPA) e ao Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, para o período 2000-2010. Com isto procura-se estabelecer uma base para o estudo das atividades econômicas e funções presentes na capital gaúcha e suas implicações a estruturação do meio urbano.

M. Lopes, R. Pardini

We give an overview of results on irregular complex surfaces of general type, discussing in particular the distribution of the numerical invariants self-intersection of a canonical divisor and holomorphic Euler characteristic for the minimal ones. This is an expanded version of the talk given by the second author at the workshop "Classical Algebraic Geometry Today", M.S.R.I., January 26--30, 2009.