Hasil untuk "Business"

Guangwen Song, Jiajun Liang, Linlin Wu et al.

In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the number of online fraud cases. However, research on crime geography has paid little attention to online crimes, especially to the influencing factors behind their spatial distributions. Online fraud is closely related to people’s daily internet use. The existing literature has explored the impact of internet use on online crimes based on small samples of individual interviews. There is a lack of large-scale studies from a community perspective. This study applies the routine activity theory to online activities to test the relationship between online fraud alert data and the usage durations of different types of mobile phone users’ applications (apps) for communities in ZG City. It builds negative binomial regression models for analyzing the impact of the usage of different types of apps on the spatial distribution of online fraud. The results reveal that the online fraud crime rate and the online time spent on a financial management app share the most similar spatial distribution. While financial management, online education, transportation, and search engine app usages have a significant positive association with online fraud, the use of a financial management app has the greatest impact. Additionally, time spent on social media, online shopping and entertainment, and mobile reading apps have a significant negative association with online fraud. As not all online activities lead to cybercrime, crime prevention efforts should target specific types of apps, such as financial management, online education, transportation, and search engines.

Maria Shams Khakwani, Anam Zafar, Gohar Mahmood et al.

Purpose: The objective of this research is to determine the impact of green manufacturing practices and digital transformation on firm performance, with a particular focus on the mediating role of green product innovation. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study conducted a survey of 212 employees from various businesses using a questionnaire-based method. The data is analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to examine the connections between digital transformation, green manufacturing practices, and company performance. The study also investigated the intermediary function of green product innovation in these connections and offered valuable insights into how sustainable practices might enhance corporate performance. Findings: This research indicates that green product innovation plays a vital role in connecting these practices to improved company success. The results suggests that organisations that have used digital transformation technologies are more inclined to foster innovation in environmental friendly goods, so enhancing sustainability and subsequently improving performance. Implications/Originality/Value: The present research contributes to the existing understanding of the impact of digital transformation and green manufacturing techniques on enhancing company performance with a specific emphasis on sustainability. The importance of digital transformation and environmentally-conscious manufacturing methods in improving the sustainability of enterprises is emphasised.

Zhenbao Wang, Shuyue Liu, Yuchen Zhang et al.

The impact of the built environment on the ridership of ride-hailing results depends on the spatial grid scale. The existing research on the demand model of ride-hailing ignores the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP). Taking Chengdu as an example, and taking the density of pick-ups and drop-offs as dependent variables, 12 explanatory variables were selected as independent variables according to the “5D” built environment theory. The nugget–sill ratio (NSR) method and optimal parameter-based geographical detector (OPGD) model were used to determine the optimal grid scale for the aggregation of the built environment variables and the ridership of ride-hailing. Based on the optimal grid scale, the optimal data discretization method of the explanatory variables was determined by comparing the results of the geographic detector under different discretization methods (such as the natural break method, k-means clustering method, equidistant method, and quantile method); we utilized the geographic detector model to explore the relative importance and the interactive impacts of the explanatory variables on the ridership of ride-hailing under the optimal grid scale and optimal data discretization method. The results indicated that: (1) the suggested grid scale for the aggregation of the built environment and ride-hailing ridership in Chengdu is 1100 m; (2) the optimal data discretization method is the quantile method; (3) the floor area ratio (FAR), distance from the nearest subway station, and residential POI (point of interest) density resulted in a relatively high importance of the explanatory variable that affects the ridership of ride-hailing; and (4) the interactions of the diversity index of mixed land use ∩ FAR, distance to the nearest subway station ∩ FAR, transportation POI density ∩ FAR, and distance to the central business district (CBD) ∩ FAR made a higher contribution to ride-hailing ridership than the single-factor effect of FAR, which had the highest contribution compared with the other explanatory variables. The proposed grid scale can provide the basis for the partitioning management and scheduling optimization of ride-hailing. In the process of adjusting the ride-hailing demand, the ranking results of the importance and interaction of the built-environment explanatory variables offer valuable references for formulating the priority renewal order and proposing a scientific combination scheme of the built-environment factors.

Haihua Yu, Zhiyi Zhuo, Jing Zhang

Based on the Internet Finance development index developed by Peking University in investigating 31 provinces, we use social network analysis to investigate the spatial correlation and influencing factors of the Internet Finance of China’s provinces. The research shows that the spatial correlation of Internet Finance of China’s provinces has significant characteristics of a regional gradient. The correlation among their correlation is moderate, more closely related, smooth, or weak. All provinces gather to form four plates; they play their respective functional advantages and have different statuses, functions, and roles. The differences between provinces in industrial structure, degree of marketization, infrastructure, degree of informatization, and geographical distance significantly affect the spatial correlation of Internet finance development in China, and the degree of influence decreases in turn. Our results might positively affect policymakers in promoting the coordinated development of regional Internet finance in China.

Norzaidi Mohd Daud, Raja Nur Hannah Fatimah Raja Mohd Hashimb, Anis Irdina Yang Asri et al.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between information commerce usage and purchase decisions made by university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/Methodology/Approach – Survey questionnaires were distributed to students at public and private universities through a variety of online platforms. Data was collected from 151 respondents within a two-week period and analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 26 for descriptive (i.e., mean, standard deviation, reliability test, model fit test) and inferential (i.e., correlation and regression for hypotheses testing) purposes. Findings and implications – The findings indicate that, while students engage in information commerce for its convenience, their usage of it is unrelated to the degree of trust. Nonetheless, price comparison has a sizable influence on how information commerce is used. Additionally, information commerce usage has an effect on purchase intention, while purchase intention is found to be a significant predictor of purchase decisions. Limitation – This study examined factors that influence the usage of information commerce among students in Malaysian universities, as well as their purchase intention, on a rather small sample size. Originality – This may be the first study to define information commerce usage, with its results confirming students’ purchase behavior and demonstrating that online shopping simplifies their lives. Surprisingly, the findings suggest that the degree of trust does not influence the usage of information commerce. This contradicts previous studies conducted by Anas et al. (2021) and Viktoria et al. (2021).

Musonera Abdou, Edouard Musabanganji , Herman Musahara

The purpose of the current study was to determine factors affecting tourism demand using machine learning techniques. The results of different linear regression and random forest models on both the train and test sets were compared using RMSE and R2 . The random forest model outperformed the linear regression model on both the training and test sets. Climate, consumer price index, political stability, distance, promotion expenditure, and region of residence are all important factors in explaining total arrivals. The findings of the current research, therefore, provide additional evidence for the effectiveness of the AI based models to improve tourism demand forecasting compared to linear regression models.

Pipit Agung Pamuji, Yoto Yoto, Marsono Marsono

Research on multi-case studies of link and match programs the motorcycle engineering and business industry class at SMK Tulungagung has been carried out. The research was conducted in three places including: SMK “SORE” Tulungagung and SMK Negeri 1 Rejotangan Tulungagung. The Honda industrial class program at SMK SORE Tulungagung has been going well, including the selection of an industrial class curriculum which involves the concept of link and match with industry, how the alignment of the industrial class curriculum is made. In addition, the learning process for the motorcycle engineering and business class at SMK Tulungagung has also been good, including the learning preparation process and the implementation of industrial class learning. What is no less important is the commitment of SMK which has a strategy to improve industrial class competence, namely increasing teacher competence and increasing student competence so that they are ready to go directly to industry.

Vuković Gorica, Bursić Vojislava, Stojanović Tijana et al.

Alternaria mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites for which the regulations, as well as the standardization, are yet going to be established by the European Commission and the European Committee for Standardization. This paper describes the possibility to apply a "dilute-and-shoot" method for the determination of tentoxin, alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in wheat. The used chromatographic method was liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The strategy involves extraction the samples with the acetonitrile and water mixture (84/16, v/v), followed by the vortexing, centrifugation and filtration before the injection into the LC-MS/MS system. The recovery was assessed by analysis of spiked samples with a mixture of standard solutions of all three mycotoxins at two spiking levels (0.02 and 0.1 mg kg-1) in six replicates. The obtained average recoveries and precisions (expressed as the RSDr, %) for "dilute-and-shoot" method were 76.3% (RSDr of 6.47%) for alternariol, 105.2% (RSDr of 2.16%) for tentoxin, and 86.0% (RSDr of 3.91%) for alternariol monomethyl ether. All the obtained validation data were in accordance with the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 401/2006. The main advantages of the present method are the simple and easy sample preparation, along with the high-sensitivity detection.

Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman, Jeffery D Connor

Abstract Background High-yielding variety (HYV) seed breeding has been one key approach to improving agricultural productivity and to reduce global hunger and poverty. This paper explores the causal relationship between high-yielding rice variety, rice productivity, farm income and household nutrition. A challenge with evaluating the impact of changes such as crop varieties on yield is self-selection and endogeneity. This article robustly identifies marginal input contributions, correcting for self-selection potential by applying matched Difference in Difference method. Results We found that the farms that switched from local to HYV, experienced around 35% higher yield and 76% higher profit from Aman rice than non-adopting farms. More calorie intake, more protein and especially higher fruit and vegetable intake meant less calorie poverty for adopted households. Conclusion This recent evidence suggests improved seed remains a high potential return investment for regions of the world where smallholder farming and malnutrition is a wider phenomenon.

BÎTCA Lucia

Arising from the complexity and multidisciplinarity of the problem of nonverbal communication and impression management in the organizational environment, its investigation constitutes a common subject for several sciences, being located at the confluence of social psychology of personality, communication psychology, educational psychology, organizational psychology and business psychology, reflecting in the same way, the contemporary trend of mutual approximation and escalation of the boundaries of scientific fields.

Deepali Mallya, Rini Susanti

Digitization of the communication medium has transformed the mute, marginalized ‘audience’ into a heterogeneous and credible content ‘producer.’ Drawing on this dynamics and operation of the digital media, it has urged the need to re-theorize ‘marginalization’ and ‘race.’ Hence, this paper critiques the digital-media tool, blogs, using a rhetoric-textual analysis method and critical discourse analysis method for the fictional text, Americanah. These methods employ the psychoanalytical-Althusserian critique of Adichie’s fictional narrative, Americanah. In the psychoanalytical sense, blog-writing can qualify as a mechanism of ‘sublimation’ in the post-modern world. In the Althusserian sense, blogs become persuasive mechanisms for a subject’s interpellation into non-dominant ideology. Among the plethora of marginalized global communities, African-Americans are enormously embracing the virtual communication trends for socio-political motives. This paper theorizes the correlations between race-related blogging, psychoanalytic sublimation, and the socio-political repudiation of power structure by employing the literary text as material evidence. Accordingly, the literary study has concluded that digital-mediums (i.e., in this case, political blogs) can depose the power vested in the ideological-state-apparatuses and impose a high potential for expression of unrestrained, credible, and democratic voice of the marginalized. It also validates that blogs/blogging influences and moulds national/political/racial discourses by lending a liberated voice and context-independent perspective to the racially oppressed.

Georgica Gheorghe, Petronela Tudorache, Laurențiu Tudorache

The current article presents the influence of critical thinking on the students’ development. The research has been applied in two forms: secondary analysis and primary research, based on survey. Secondary research analyses the evolution of the number of high school students and school units at regional, county and city level. The primary research was performed using the quantitative method; the survey was applied to 102 students from senior high school level. The questionnaire was implemented during the period May - June 2019 in Râmnicu Sărat, Buzău county, Romania. The quantitative research was chosen due to its fulfilment of the objectives of data collection regarding a problem of general interest.

Andari Andari, Nafiudin Nafiudin, Ratih Purnamasari

Companies develop and progress influenced by human resources. The company's ability to retain employees is the main thing that must be considered. Employee retention is affected by several variables including work environment and employee engagement. This study aims to determine the effect of the work environment and employee engagement on employee retention at CV. Symphony of Eternal Prosperity. This type of research is quantitative using a research sample of 83 employees. The data were obtained using questionnaires and interviews and processed using the SPSS version 22 statistical program. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the work environment affects employee retention, employee engagement affects employee retention, and the work environment and employee engagement simultaneously affect employee retention CV. Symphony of Eternal Prosperity.

Kobra Sangari Mohazzab, Hosein Raghfar, Mir-Hossein Mousavi et al.

I International relations are full of complexities due to their multifaceted and multilateral nature. To understand decision making processes and the payoffs of their strategies, players are enabled to utilize their capabilities to impact the strategic decision payoffs. As an example of this decision structure we can refer to the international disputes and conflicts including the sanctions. The Islamic Republic of Iran’s interests in international arena have been influenced by the changing interests of the other stakeholders in the coalition of the United States sanction against Iran. In order to analyze and predict the equilibriums of the players positions in the complex international space of the sanctions, game theory, mechanism design, multi-agent systems, and artificial intelligent as new instruments of decision theory are utilized to resolve the transactions and processes influenced by the human decisions. In this research, a policy spectrum is defined according to the strategies of Iran, the United States of America and other stakeholder’s countries. Modeling and simulating the behavior of players on this continuous spectrum which includes two extremes of capitulation and confrontation shows that in the current situation, Iran’s equilibrium and dominated strategy is emphasizing the maintenance of the current agreement in JCPOA, although this position is in the lower range of the spectrum of the current agreement. In these sanctions there is a possibility of a tragedy of the commons. In order to prevent its occurrence, the results of this study imply that the dominant strategy, given that all the players are rational, is to preserve stability, security, and integrity of Iran as a regional power. In order to achieve a stable equilibrium of the game, the stakeholders try to maximize the social welfare function instead of individual participants’ payoff. The rational strategy of Iran is to stay in JCPOA, strengthening political ties with the European players, and to empower its own military and social securities.

Marina Denisenko, Natalіja Maskayeva

The article analyzes the provisions of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of 1883 and the legislation of the Republic of Belarus concerning unfair competition through direct discrediting. The civil remedies and liability that can be applied in case of the commission of the relevant offense are considered in detail. It is concluded that the Republic of Belarus fully abides by its relevant international obligations undertaken under the Paris Convention and that there is a number of gaps in Belarusian legislation, which negate the feasibility of the recourse for judicial protection in case of direct discrediting. Certain legislative amendments are proposed as well.

Mohammad Reza Ahanchian, Parvane Yazdani, Samane Sadeghian

Abstract In recent years, organizations have shown a growing interest in creating and promoting ethical leadership and leader’s effectiveness (Elci et al, 2012: 291). The reason for the recent time increasing importance of ethical leadership was the valuable results it produced for the followers, of which enhanced job satisfaction and organizational commitment, more willingness for reporting problems to superiors, increased health and wellbeing, and higher levels of performance are the examples (Chughtai, 2015: 93; Kim and Brymer, 2011: 1021).Ethical leadership as a modern approach in arena gives priority to ethics in the organization and proposes to impact improving individual and organizational effectiveness. Over the past several years, there has been a growing tendency in organizations to development and promotion of ethical leadership and leader’s effectiveness. The unique importance of ethical leadership is for the impact the leaders may have on the conduct of organization and ultimately on its performance. Ethical leadership is believed to direct and guide organizational members towards goals and objectives which benefit the organization, its members, other stakeholders, and society (Elci et al, 2012, p. 291) Ethical leadership and its behavioral dimensions are linked to various attitudes and behaviors of followers, including organizational commitment, content with leader, trust in management, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior (Kalshoven and Den-Hartog, 2009: 104). Corporate directors and managers should learn to recognize the value and significance of ethical leadership in a firm, an area that has been receiving increasing attention in the corporate world. They should integrate ethical leadership into the core values and visions of the firm, as well as the basic norms of the business. As well as opening endorsing and communicating throughout the whole firm the value and meaning of ethical leadership, directors and the top management themselves should be actively engaging in learning the meaning and practices of good ethical leadership, as well as good ethical management in general (Ip., 2011: 693). Achieving a state of inner wellbeing is among the ultimate purposes of human life, which is also sought in career and professional life (Lee et al, 2016: 1). In fact, enjoying high levels of wellbeing is one of the major indicators of people’s social progress (Valickas and Pilkauskaite-Valickiene, 2014: 2740). Wellbeing is a mixture of motivation and agreeable feeling and indicates an emotional state, suggesting that a low level of wellbeing negatively affects organization (Kalshoven and Boon, 2012: 60); since workers experiencing poor health and wellbeing in the workplace may be less productive, make lower quality decisions, be more prone to be absent from work, and make consistently diminishing overall contributions to the organization (Danna and Griffin, 1999: 35). In organizations, research on job satisfaction represents the hedonic approach to understanding psychological wellbeing: job satisfaction is defined in terms of employees’ subjective judgments about their work situations (Grant et al, 2007: 53). Job-specific wellbeing signifies people’s feeling about themselves in relation to their work (Honkaniemi et al, 2015: 395). In some studies, salient components of job wellbeing, such as job involvement and job satisfaction, are considered as the key factors in shaping the subjective wellbeing that includes life satisfaction (Lee et al, 2016: 2). This study, consistent with the mainline research on subjective wellbeing, assuming a connection between ethical leadership style and employee’s subjective wellbeing, seeks to find out whether in the understudy organization ethical leadership does impact the employee’s wellbeing and job satisfaction, while the mediating role of job satisfaction is taken into account. The current survey is aimed at investigating the relationships between ethical leadership and life satisfaction and well-being by considering the mediating role of job satisfaction amongst the nurses of private hospitals in Mashhad city. This is an applied research conducted based on a descriptive-correlational survey design in which data analysis was performed by covariance matrix using structural equation modeling (DEM) technique. Case study  The statistical population was comprised of 730 nurses of Mashhad private hospitals (i.e. Bent-ol-Hoda, Mehr, Sina and Razavi hospitals)where 166 ones were selected randomly. Materials and Methods  Hence, given the limited number of the population, the sample size was determined using Cochran formula for finite population. In this sampling procedure, first, a preliminary sample of 30 questionnaires of representatives were pretested and then, by replacing its error level for 5% in Cochran formula, the sample size was accurately estimated at 95 percent confidence interval and significance level of 5 percent, giving a sample size of 157 persons. But, anticipating that a certain number of the questionnaires may not return, 200 questionnaires were actually distributed among the nurses. Of these questionnaires, 166 soundly completed questionnaires were eventually used in the analysis process. The standard measures in Yang (2013) were used to measure the variables. In order to apply the measures to the Iranian society, they were adapted using translation – back – translation method. The face and content validity of the final questionnaire was verified using experts’ views. Job satisfaction, ethical leadership, and subjective wellbeing were measured with 4, 9, and 4 questions, respectively. In addition, using the content-face validity method, construct validity of the questionnaire’s items was examined and confirmed by a number of management professors and some of the nurses working in private hospitals of Mashhad. In examining the construct validity, it was made use of confirmatory factor analysis. The questionnaire’s reliability (internal consistency) was tested using Cronbach’s alpha. The calculated alpha for the questionnaire was 0.81 which confirms its adequate reliability. In table 1, calculated Cronbach’s alphas are presented per variable, and in table 2, the results of the confirmatory factor analysis are presented. It should be noted that all questionnaire’s items were designed on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). Data analysis, such as Pearson correlation for calculation of zero order correlation coefficients, SEM technique, goodness of fit test for structural equations with the collected data, and test of job satisfaction mediating effect were all performed in AMOS v.20 and SPSS v.19 environments. Discussion and Results Hypothesis 1 – The direct superior’s ethical leadership has a significant effect on subjective wellbeing of the nurses. Hypothesis 2 – The direct superior’s ethical leadership has significant effect on job satisfaction of the nurses. Hypothesis 3 – The direct job satisfaction of the nurses has significant effect on subjective wellbeing of the nurses Hypothesis 4 – Job satisfaction significantly mediates the effect of ethical leadership on subjective wellbeing among the nurses. Hypothesis 5 – The direct superior’s ethical leadership has significant effect on life  satisfaction of the nurses. Hypothesis 6 – Job satisfaction significantly mediates the effect of ethical leadership on life  satisfaction of the nurses Hypothesis 7 – Job satisfaction significantly mediates the effect of ethical leadership on life  satisfaction of the nurses. conclusion Results indicated that the relationships between ethical leadership and life satisfaction and well-being are significant. Furthermore, job satisfaction mediates the effect of ethical leadership on job satisfaction and well-being. According to obtain the results, ethical leadership directly and indirectly (through job satisfaction) affected the nurses' life satisfaction and well-being. Thus, relying on ethics and ethical leadership in hospitals increases the mental well-being and life satisfaction of nurses as well as improving the environment and organizational context.

A. M. Levina

Research objective — to create model of obtaining competitive advantages the hi-tech companies. The method of the qualitative and comparative analysis which allows to receive a set of successful and unsuccessful configurations – combinations of factors which bring is chosen or don't lead to desirable result. The model is urged to promote formation of steady competitive advantage — a stable fast conclusion of a large number of qualitative and demanded innovations to the world market. Two successful scenarios for the sector companies "Electronics and technical providing" are revealed. If the company functions in various branches, it needs to concentrate on increase of liquidity and business combination by acquisition affiliated and creations of joint ventures in the macroregion. Managers of the hi-tech companies of the developed countries can use the developed model during the developing and correction of strategy, and also at adoption of administrative decisions. The separate specified factors and were considered earlier in literature, their association in the specified scenario models for obtaining competitive advantages is new development.

Nicu Ioana Elena

One of the priorities of economic research has been and remains the re-evaluation of the notion of performance and especially exploring and finding some indicators that would reflect as accurately as possible the subtleties of the economic entity. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the main company performance measurement and reporting methods. Performance is a concept that raises many question marks concerning the most accurate or the best method of reporting the performance at the company level. The research methodology has aimed at studying the Romanian and foreign specialized literature dealing with the analyzed field, studying magazines specialized on company performance measurement. If the financial performance measurement indicators are considered to offer an accurate image of the situation of the company, the modern approach through non-financial indicators offers a new perspective upon performance measurement, which is based on simplicity. In conclusion, after the theoretical study, I have noticed that the methods of performance measurement, reporting and interpretation are various, the opinions regarding the best performance measurement methods are contradictive and the companies prefer resorting to financial indicators that still play a more important role in the consolidation of the company performance measurement than the non-financial indicators do.

Emrah Aydemir

Günümüzde kriz kavramı, globalleşme olgusunun etkisiyle birlikte; gerek yerel gerekse küresel çevrelerde sosyal hayatın baskın ve kanıksanan kavramlarından biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu nedenle, II. Dünya Savaşı sonrası dönemde, uluslararası boyutuyla kriz kavramı, bir sosyal bilim olan uluslararası ilişkileri şekillendiren en önemli faktörlerden biri haline gelmiştir. Uluslararası ilişkilerin disiplinler arası doğası, farklı bilim dalları tarafından yapılan araştırmalar ve bunların sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan savların ve kavramların, uluslararası ilişkiler içerisinde sınanması ve uygulanmasına imkân vermektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada halka ilişkiler içerisinde incelenen kriz iletişimi kavramının uluslararası ilişkiler alanında uygulanabilirliği ve uluslararası ilişkilerde kriz iletişiminin özellikle kriz zamanı kamu diplomasisi faaliyetleri içerisindeki yeri tartışılmıştır.

Nihat IŞIK, Mustafa ACAR

Bu çalışmada, 1985-2001 dönemi yıllık verilerine dayanarak, Türk imalat sanayi ve onun en önemli alt sektörlerinden biri olan tekstil sektörüne ilişkin Cobb-Douglas (C-D), CES ve Translog üretim fonksiyonları tahmin edilmiş; ilgili sektörlerde üretim esnekliği, ölçeğe göre getiri ve ikâme esneklikleri bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, gerek imalat sanayi, gerekse tekstil sektöründe ölçeğe göre artan getiri gözlenmekle birlikte, tekstil sektöründe ölçeğe göre getiri (2.25), imalat sanayine kıyasla (1.62) daha yüksektir. CES üretim fonksiyonunda ikâme esneklikleri yaklaşık 1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, C-D üretim fonksiyonunun incelenen dönem itibariyle Türk imalat sanayi ve tekstil sektörünün üretim yapısını daha iyi açıklayan, dolayısıyla temsil kabiliyeti daha yüksek üretim fonksiyonu olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bu sonuçlar, imalat sanayi ve tekstilde henüz tüketilmemiş kâr fırsatlarının olduğuna, tekstil sektöründe sermaye yoğun yatırımların daha cazip olacağına ve adı geçen sektörlerde işgücü reel ücretleri üzerinde belirli bir baskının varolacağını ima etmektedir.