Hasil untuk "Political science"

Andi Nur Fiqhi Utami, Aco Nata Saputra, Citra N. Fariaty et al.

IntroductionThe establishment of Nusantara Capital City (IKN) as Indonesia’s new capital requires effective multi-level governance in which supporting provinces play a decisive role in ensuring administrative, infrastructural, and economic alignment with national priorities. This study examines the governance readiness and regional policy capacity of West Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, as a supporting region for IKN development.MethodsA qualitative descriptive–analytical case study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with regional officials, sectoral agencies, legislators, academics, and civil society, complemented by policy documents and statistics. Interview data were coded and analyzed using NVivo 12 Plus with crosstab analysis, while InfraNodus network analysis mapped keyword co-occurrence to capture cross-level governance interactions beyond internal regional conditions.ResultsThe findings reveal uneven governance readiness across five dimensions. Environmental sustainability and social infrastructure emerge as the strongest areas, reflecting alignment with national sustainability agendas and expanding public services. Human resource indicators show moderate readiness, particularly in workforce participation and training. In contrast, institutional capacity, higher education availability, and intergovernmental fiscal transfers represent the most critical weaknesses, indicating persistent gaps in administrative robustness, knowledge infrastructure, and vertical fiscal coordination.DiscussionThe study demonstrates that regional readiness for IKN is shaped not only by internal capacity but also by power asymmetries, regulatory dependence, and coordination frictions within multi-level governance. These findings contribute to governance and policy capacity scholarship by highlighting the centrality of cross-level relations in nationally driven megaprojects.

Mile Obrenović

Ako pođemo od postulata da vojna strategija podrazumeva vođenje rata s namerom postizanja određenog cilja, osnovni preduslov za bavljenje vojnom strategijom je razumevanje rata. S obzirom na to da rat predstavlja jednu od najsloženijih društvenih pojava, koja tokom vremena permanentno menja svoja osnovna obeležja, teško je „ukrotiti” osnovne karakteristike rata. Imajući u vidu tu složenu prirodu rata, utvrđivanje njene dinamične prirode je praktičnije usmeravanjem na jednu od karakteristika, a to je u ovom slučaju prostorna dimenzija rata. Razumevanje prostorne dimenzije rata je jedan od preduslova za razumevanje samog rata i kako se on u tom pogledu menjao tokom vremena. Nekadašnjiratovi su se vodili oružanom borbom „prsa u prsa”, što je omogućavalo da bojište bude jasno određen geografski prostor i socijalni konstrukt kojem se pripusuju isključivo ratne namene. Postavlja se pitanje da li je pojam bojišta danas moguće odrediti u prostornom i u socijalno-konstruktivističkom smislu? Osnovna pretpostavka na kojoj počiva rad jeste da je bojište doživelo potpuno transformaciju, koja je sa razvojem hibridnog rata doživela vrhunac, čime je od prostora na kojem je geografija imala primat nad ratom bojište postalo prostor u kojem rat ima primat nad geografijom. Analizom vojnog strateškog promišljanja od Sun Cua do savremenih vojnih stratega, moguće je uočiti kako se danas u vođenju rata za postizanje političkih ciljeva ne daje primat taktici koja će se najbolje prilagoditi geografskim okolnostima, nego taktici koja će najbolje prevladati geografske okolnosti. Tako je prostorna dimenzija rata i u strateškom promišljanju i u taktičkom delovanju proširena do tih granica da bojište nije moguće ni geografski ograničiti ni shvatiti kao socijalni konstrukt koji razdvaja vojno od civilnog.

Lucia Michalkova, Olga Ponisciakova

Businesses are influenced by the cyclical nature of economic development and distinct stages in the corporate life cycle. Accurate early-warning mechanisms are crucial to mitigating bankruptcy risk, enabling timely rescue measures. This article analyses the reliability of various bankruptcy prediction models, including those by Kliestik et al., Poznanski, the modified Zmijewski, Jakubik–Teply, and Virag–Hajdu, across corporate life cycle stages. Reliability was assessed using five metrics: accuracy, balanced accuracy, <i>F1</i> and <i>F2</i> scores, and the Matthews correlation coefficient (<i>MCC</i>). The sample included over 5000 SMEs from Central Europe, with financial data from 2022. The findings reveal a U-shaped trend in financial distress risk, with start-ups and declining enterprises facing the highest risks. The results indicate that the Kliestik et al. model shows consistent reliability across all life cycle stages, while the Poznanski model shows more variability. Conversely, the Virag–Hajdu model exhibits significant variability in reliability, with its best performance observed during the Decline stage. The modified Zmijewski and Jakubik–Teply models show lower <i>MCC</i> values overall, with the modified Zmijewski model performing better at predicting the financial distress of mature shake-out firms compared to other stages.

Giuseppe Martinico

In this article, I shall focus on the legal consequences of one of the most obvious features of populisms: identity politics. In particular, I shall explore how populists in power use constitutional law to identify and fight the alleged enemy, thus confirming their Schmittian flavour. In Schmitt, public law becomes part of a constitutional narrative that represents the people as forged by a static identity that goes back to the mythological origin of the legal system. This reconstruction is based on an organicistic reading of the concept of the people. This identitarian public law makes instrumental use of the moral argument, the historical argument and the religious argument. Populists in government tend to militarise constitutional law in many ways and in this article I will focus on two strategies: one that looks backwards, consisting of the instrumentalisation of the argument of constituent power; and one that looks forward and leverages the use of constitutional amendment.

Amber Jamshaid

Education for sustainable development is an evolving notion in teacher education that highlights the need for tolerance, acceptance, and diversity. Therefore, there is a greater need to elucidate the contributions of teacher educators in promoting social tolerance through Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). In addition, it is crucial to understand the challenges faced by teacher educators while dealing with the intolerant, extremist views and/or behaviors in a particular social setting. In doing so, this research interviewed teacher educators (N=12) through a purposive sampling strategy to determine the respondents’ views about promoting social tolerance strategies integrated with ESD. The data was analyzed through qualitative data analysis software (NVivo), and themes were extracted based on the analysis plots. The research argues that promoting social tolerance within teacher education through ESD is a multi-layered process and requires attention at the policy level. It suggests that the existing structure of the Teacher Education program and the curricula are barely in line with the indicated ESD contents and strategies (integration with teaching and learning) needed to promote social tolerance and societal peace in Pakistan.

Káposzta József

David Bewley-Taylor, Martin Jelsma, Sylvia Kay

Los importantes cambios en las políticas han dado lugar a un auge sin precedentes de los mercados del cannabis medicinal, y un número creciente de países avanza hacia una reglamentación jurídica de su consumo no médico por parte de adultos. Es probable que esta tendencia aporte una serie de beneficios. No obstante, la preocupación aumenta respecto al surgimiento de una gran cantidad de empresas de cannabis con fines de lucro originarias del Sur global, las cuales compiten ferozmente para apoderarse de los espacios lícitos que se están abriendo en la actualidad en un mercado internacional del cannabis de miles de millones de dólares. Esta situación amenaza con expulsar a los pequeños agricultores tradicionales del Sur global de los mercados legales emergentes. Aquellos que intentan abandonar su condición de ilegalidad se ven enfrentados a enormes dificultades como consecuencia de una combinación de herencia de la penalización y obstáculos administrativos para la legalización. Ante el actual recalentamiento de un mercado dominado por las empresas, la conquista de espacios y la protección de estos para los pequeños agricultores requerirán acciones positivas, reglamentación de la inversión extranjera y una buena concepción de estrategias legislativas y de mercado. Esta reflexión política analiza el desarrollo de las dinámicas de mercado desde una perspectiva de desarrollo, ofreciendo un conjunto de principios orientadores y proposiciones de acción sobre las cuales construir un modelo de regulación comercial del cannabis más equitativo y (más) justo.

Salim Hmimnat

The article examines the complex and fluctuant relationship which exists between the Moroccan regime and salafists from the 1970s until the ‘Arab Spring’. In each moment of this evolution, the regime opts for a pragmatic approach which consists in using this religious trend to meet pressing demands and priorities of a political and security nature. Ten years after breaking up with salafist groups, both quietists and jihadists, suspected to be responsible for the 2003 Casablanca attacks, the regime seeks henceforth to reconcile with salafis with the purpose to integrate them, or at least neutralise them, in the ongoing politico-religious reconfiguration process. Yet, this reconciliation, which aims to defuse the socio-political tensions and uncertainty the country has experienced in the aftermath of 2011 in addition to counterbalance the Islamists rising to power, is likely to challenge or even contradict certain ideological and doctrinal choices that have hitherto framed the religious policy since 2003.

Muhammad Iqbal, Yunita Elianda, Ali Akbar et al.

Yogyakarta sebagai salah satu daerah di Indonesia yang diberikan hak istimewa oleh pemerintah pusat sehingga dalam bentuk pemerintahannya menjadi berbeda dengan daerah lainnya. Bukan hanya bentuk pemerintahan akan tetapi pada aspek-aspek lain bahkan sampai pada penataan ruang daerah. Penelitian ini ingin memberikan gambaran mengenai keistimewaan penataan ruang yang ada di Yogyakarta yang tertuang dalam peraturan daerahnya. Untuk metode yang digunakan dalam menganalisi hasil penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa keistimewaan dari Kota Yogyakarta yang lain yaitu terdapat satuan ruang strategis yaitu adanya Satuan Ruang Tanah Kadipaten dan Satuan Ruang Tanah Kadipaten. Dalam pengelolaan tata ruang tersebut di tuangkan dalam Perda No. 2 Tahun 2010 yang kemudain diundangkan, diberlakukan Undang Undang tersebut, diharapkan dapat memberikan kesejahteraan terhadap hak hak masyarakat dan dalam bentuk faktanya nyatanya masih belum berjalan dengan baik. Berbagai faktor faktor yang membuat hal tersebut terjadi diantaranya masih adanya pembangunan perkotaan yang tidak menuruti Undang Undang yang berlaku. diantaranya pembangunan mall dan hotel yang tidak teratur. Seperti Sleman city mall yang pembangunanya lebih dulu dilakukan sebelum peraturan tersebut berlaku. Kata Kunci: Perda, Tata Ruang, Keistimewaan.

Fernanda de Castro Brandão Martins

A presente resenha visa apresentar o livro de Cameron Thies e Mark Newman cuja singularidade em tratar o processo de formação da política externa dos países emergentes a partir de uma perspectiva construtivista torna o livro uma leitura importante para pesquisadores de tais países, sobretudo os BRICS. Apresenta-se o livro e descreve como acontece o processo de pesquisa é apresentado e suas principais conclusões. ABSTRACT This review aims to present Cameron Thies and Mark Newman’s book which is singular in the sense that it treats the process of emerging countries’ foreign policy formation from a constructivist perspective. This makes the book an important read for researches of emerging countries, especially the BRICS. The review presents the book and describes how the research process is presented and its main conclusions. Palavras-chave: Poderes Emergente; Teoria dos Papeis; Política Externa Keywords: Emerging Powers; Role Theory; Foreign Policy Recebido em 28 de Novembro de 2018 | Received on November 28, 2018   Aceito em 3 de Dezembro de 2018 | Accepted on December 3, 2018 DOI: 10.12957/rmi.2018.38526

Steven Chung Fun Hung

Originally, the capitalist society in Hong Kong under communism is exceptional, but the “one country, two systems” formula was a makeshift stratagem by the Communist Chinese government. The twenty years of history witnessed the tension of ruling and policy implementation. Education policy in political conflicts is, of course, the other arena in the Hong Kong context which reveals competitions, controversies and struggles among the cultural hegemonic engineering. This paper can contribute to enigmatic understanding and interpretation of generating educational reform and implementing education policy in this twenty-year history of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Ali Ghorbanpour Dashtaki105F

<span>This paper is after introducing “Understanding Synergy Pattern”<span> as Islamic-Iranian strategic framework for cultural diplomacy.<span> Attending that is important because of growth of the role of culture<span> in the international policy making and changing of the common<span> official cultural diplomacy trends. Understanding Synergy pattern<span> is formed based on historical and cultural commonalities in the<span> geo-cultural atmosphere and in form of new cultural diplomacy. In<span> this combination, “synergy” implies collective and group activity<span> and “understanding” points to the fact that not only the would not<span> members win each other, but also will reach to sublime and human<span> dignity-bearing goals in a common understanding horizon.<span> Performers and brokers of the intended pattern are cultural elites in<span> Hawzahs and universities who are considered policy makers of<span> cultural diplomacy, beyond official governmental diplomacy. The<span> goals of synergy pattern include: creating tolerance and peaceful<span> symbiosis, strengthening brotherhood and nearness, justly<span> utilization of the environment, self-sufficiency and economic<span> justice. In this paper, in addition to stating practical frameworks,<span> stages of operationalization of the intended pattern - in line with the<span> draft of Islamic-Iranian development pattern document - have been<span> attended to.<br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

Christophe Arpaillange, Jean-Pierre Augustin, Daniel Mandouze

Examiner l’usage et la traduction opérationnelle du référentiel de mixité sociale dans les politiques de rénovation urbaine en France, rend plus nettes les tensions entre les logiques d’une politique nationale centralisée et les démarches de développement local. L’étude, portant sur quatre communes de la banlieue de Bordeaux, repose sur des entretiens semi-directifs effectués sur plusieurs années avec les habitants et des entrevues avec les acteurs responsables des politiques publiques. Notre hypothèse se démarque des postulats proches d’une sociologie de la déploration qui insistent sur le rôle structurant et, quasi exclusif, de la politique de rénovation pour mettre l’accent sur l’apport du local. La construction de coalitions de développement en capacité d’articuler plusieurs politiques publiques permet de faire primer un projet territorial sur les prescriptions des politiques nationales. La mixité sociale est intégrée dans la rhétorique des projets et constitue un objectif fort de l’État et de ses agences. Les choix qui prévalent favorisent une déclinaison lente et différée de la mixité. Ce pilotage local, prudent, des transformations socio-urbaines, neutralise en partie la violence sociale induite par le renouvellement urbain. Il n’évite cependant pas les effets de l’hétérogénéité sociale, que la montée en puissance des pouvoirs d’agglomération au détriment de celui des maires peut aggraver.

Stelian Tănase

I don’t know why the idea that Elena Ceauşescu was the key element of her husband’s regime slowly stared to take shape. It is said that by growing older he started to lose his capacity of taking decisions, so he was more and more dependent on her. The idea is credited by a serious number of historians. However, this is a false perspective.

Ioan Huma

Dans l’esprit des Traités de Maastricht et d’Amsterdam, la citoyenneté de l’UE nesaurait être un type en soi et pour soi de citoyenneté, situé à côté de, au-dessus de ou enopposition avec celle nationale ; elle se légitime simplement par son support et corrélatnational. A son tour, elle peut aiguillonner la citoyenneté nationale, en en entretenant laconscience critique des limites, mais aussi son aspiration de s’auto dépasser par des actes decréation. Voilà pourquoi la citoyenneté, si - d’un point de vue ontologique - elle revêt uncaractère secondaire, elle n’est aucunement secondaire dans sa finalité axiologique etintégrative.

David Morrice

Manuel Sánchez Sarto

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José Luis Ramírez León.

Fidel Rodríguez

Naturaleza del nombre propio

Mariano Berdejo Casañal