Hasil untuk "Packaging"

H. M. Azeredo

Zhijian Wu, Hongyan Yang, P. Colosi

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector genomes have been limited to 5 kilobases (kb) in length because their packaging limit was thought to be similar to the size of the parent AAV genome. Recent reports claim that significantly larger vector genomes can be packaged intact. We examined the packaged vector genomes from plasmid-encoded AAV vectors that ranged from 4.7 to 8.7 kb in length, using AAV types 2, 5, and 8 capsids. Southern blot analysis indicated that packaged AAV vector genomes never exceeded 5.2 kb in length irrespective of the size of the plasmid-encoded vector or the capsid type. This result was confirmed by vector genome probing with strand-specific oligonucleotides. The packaged vector genomes derived from plasmid-encoded vectors exceeding 5 kb were heterogeneous in length and truncated on the 5' end. Despite their truncated genomes, vector preparations produced from plasmid-encoded vectors exceeding 5.2 kb mediated reporter gene expression in vitro at high multiplicity of infection (MOI). The efficiency of expression was substantially lower than that of reporter vectors with genomes <5 kb in length. We propose that transcriptionally functional, intact vector genomes are generated in cells transduced at high MOI from the fragmentary genomes of these larger vectors, probably by recombination.

R. Mann, R. Mulligan, D. Baltimore

A. Miller, C. Buttimore

C. Silvestre, D. Duraccio, S. Cimmino

J. Gómez-Estaca, C. López-de-Dicastillo, P. Hernández-Muñoz et al.

C. Realini, B. Marcos

Active and intelligent packaging systems are continuously evolving in response to growing challenges from a modern society. This article reviews: (1) the different categories of active and intelligent packaging concepts and currently available commercial applications, (2) latest packaging research trends and innovations, and (3) the growth perspectives of the active and intelligent packaging market. Active packaging aiming at extending shelf life or improving safety while maintaining quality is progressing towards the incorporation of natural active agents into more sustainable packaging materials. Intelligent packaging systems which monitor the condition of the packed food or its environment are progressing towards more cost-effective, convenient and integrated systems to provide innovative packaging solutions. Market growth is expected for active packaging with leading shares for moisture absorbers, oxygen scavengers, microwave susceptors and antimicrobial packaging. The market for intelligent packaging is also promising with strong gains for time-temperature indicator labels and advancements in the integration of intelligent concepts into packaging materials.

M. Vanderroost, P. Ragaert, F. Devlieghere et al.

S. Pankaj, C. Bueno-Ferrer, N. Misra et al.

L. V. D. van den Broek, Rutger J. I. Knoop, F. Kappen et al.

B. Malhotra, Anu Keshwani, H. Kharkwal

Nowadays food preservation, quality maintenance, and safety are major growing concerns of the food industry. It is evident that over time consumers’ demand for natural and safe food products with stringent regulations to prevent food-borne infectious diseases. Antimicrobial packaging which is thought to be a subset of active packaging and controlled release packaging is one such promising technology which effectively impregnates the antimicrobial into the food packaging film material and subsequently delivers it over the stipulated period of time to kill the pathogenic microorganisms affecting food products thereby increasing the shelf life to severe folds. This paper presents a picture of the recent research on antimicrobial agents that are aimed at enhancing and improving food quality and safety by reduction of pathogen growth and extension of shelf life, in a form of a comprehensive review. Examination of the available antimicrobial packaging technologies is also presented along with their significant impact on food safety. This article entails various antimicrobial agents for commercial applications, as well as the difference between the use of antimicrobials under laboratory scale and real time applications. Development of resistance amongst microorganisms is considered as a future implication of antimicrobials with an aim to come up with actual efficacies in extension of shelf life as well as reduction in bacterial growth through the upcoming and promising use of antimicrobials in food packaging for the forthcoming research down the line.

Guanying Wang, Xianfeng Liang, Ning Zhang et al.

In smart grids, the magnetic sensors encounter reliability issues due to transient electromagnetic interference (EMI) and elevated temperature. In this work, we employed the finite-element method to simulate the reliability of current sensors used in gas-insulated substations under strong EMI and high temperature. By utilizing a damped oscillatory wave as the excitation source, the effect of the copper shielding layer on the induced electromagnetic field in the sensor chip was analyzed through simulation. We found that the induced electromagnetic field responses at the chip and bonding wires exhibit damped oscillatory waves as the excitation source. Interestingly, the intensity of induced electromagnetic field is substantially reduced by introducing the copper shielding layer, indicating effective anti-EMI. The thermal stress–strain simulation shows that the severe stress concentration (310.31 MPa) occurred at the bonding interfaces due to mismatch of the coefficients of thermal expansion. We design a cavity-integrated packaging structure that can reduce the stress by 74.6% and the wire deformation by 32.4%. To diminish both the EMI and the thermal stress/strain, a novel packaging structure consisting of a 3D-printed resin framework filled with electromagnetic shielding materials is proposed. This work provides useful guidance for the packaging design to improve the reliability of magnetic sensors in smart grids.

Seyadeh Narges Mazloomi, Shahram Ala, Fatemeh Khaleghi

With the growth of the global population and the increasing demand for healthy and functional foods, agricultural and agro-industrial wastes generated during harvesting and processing have gained significant attention as potential sources of nutrients and bioactive compounds when managed and processed in a controlled manner. This review article analyzes studies published between 2020 and 2025 with the aim of examining the most important compounds present in these wastes, emerging technologies in the food processing industry, successful industrial applications in Iran and worldwide, as well as the challenges and opportunities associated with the safe, indirect, and standards-based utilization of these resources. The findings indicate that wastes from fruits, vegetables, cereals, and agro-industrial processes contain substantial amounts of polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, dietary fibers, proteins, and essential fatty acids, which, following refining, decontamination, and quality control processes, these compounds can be utilized as approved food additives, raw materials for dietary supplement production, components of processed animal feed, and biodegradable packaging materials.The application of emerging technologies, including green extraction methods, microwave- and ultrasound-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid technologies, and microbial fermentation, provides effective opportunities to enhance the yield, stability, and quality of recovered compounds. Nevertheless, challenges such as high equipment costs, inadequate infrastructure, limited consumer acceptance, and the lack of comprehensive regulatory frameworks continue to hinder large-scale industrial development. This review demonstrates that waste management within a circular economy framework, supported by appropriate policies and consumer education, can generate considerable economic value as well as environmental and social benefits. The findings of this study may serve as a strategic reference for researchers, producers, and policymakers in advancing sustainable development and the commercialization of products derived from agricultural wastes.

Gizem Kezer, Büşra Yusufoğlu, Serap Namli et al.

Banana peel (BP) has historically been considered an agricultural waste with no significant use. However, its rich content of dietary fiber, antioxidants, phenolic compounds, and essential nutrients has recently attracted the attention of the food industry. Recent studies have also highlighted its potential in bioplastics, biofuel production, bioremediation, and sustainable packaging, demonstrating its value in green energy sectors. This review provides an overview of the nutritional profile of BPs and their bioactive properties. It also covers their applications in the food, biomedical and environmental sectors, and the associated health benefits as well as emerging trends for future utilization. BPs are rich in antioxidants, phenolic compounds, dietary fiber and essential minerals, and offer various health benefits through their anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial effects. Their high phytochemical content makes them a promising ingredient for developing functional foods. Products containing BP have shown improved nutritional and functional properties compared to their conventional counterparts. Adding BPs to food products not only enhances nutritional value and functional properties, but also supports sustainability by reusing waste. Like other by-products such as orange peel, apple pulp, used coffee grounds, its low cost, biodegradability and superior functionality make it a valuable resource in line with circular economy principles. Using BPs in various food products such as flour, bakery products, meat alternatives and other meal components not only reduces environmental pollution, but also promotes sustainability by recycling waste. Furthermore, the reduction of anti-nutrients through appropriate processing methods increases the potential for safe use and enables innovative and environmentally friendly applications.

Gavrilov Alexander N., Gladkikh Tatiana V., Emelyanov Alexander E. et al.

This article investigates the prospects of using fullerenes and their compounds in the food and agricultural sectors. The study considers the biological activity of fullerenes in relation to microorganisms and biological objects, and highlights their potential in creating materials with specific microbiological properties and radioprotective capabilities relevant to food preservation and agricultural applications. The potential of hydrated fullerene solutions to enhance biological activity in nutrient media, promoting plant growth and crop quality, is also explored. Furthermore, the research examines the features of plasma synthesis of fullerenes essential for reinforcing polymer composite materials used in food packaging and agricultural equipment. A functional scheme of an automated control system for fullerene synthesis is presented, which ensures high parameter stability, real-time monitoring, and control of technological parameters, leading to maximized production of homogeneous nanostructured carbon material.

Navjot Kaur, Hamid, Pintu Choudhary et al.

The review aims to explore the utilization of hydrogels in the food industry, specifically focusing on their capacity to encapsulate bioactive compounds for enhancing food safety, quality, and health benefits. Hydrogels, with their unique capacity to incorporate various bioactive agents such as antioxidants, antimicrobials, and probiotics, are emerging as transformative tools in the development of functional foods. These hydrogels offer numerous advantages, including the preservation of food quality and the controlled release of encapsulated compounds. Their responsiveness to environmental stimuli allows for targeted release, which is crucial for optimizing the efficacy and shelf-life of bioactive substances. Research indicates that bioactive-loaded hydrogels have versatile applications across different areas of the food industry. They play a critical role in food preservation by stabilizing flavors and preventing spoilage through the delivery of antimicrobial agents. Additionally, hydrogels are being explored for their potential in food packaging, where they can help maintain freshness and extend the shelf-life of products. The review underscores the benefits of hydrogels in protecting bioactive compounds from degradation, enhancing their bioavailability, and facilitating a controlled, sustained release. This functionality not only improves the effectiveness of these compounds but also maximizes their health benefits.

Mohamed Anwer Abdeen, Zeyong Zheng, Xiaojin Cheng et al.

Abstract This study employed the Taguchi technique to investigate the influence of various liquid nitrogen quick-freezing parameters on litchi fruit cracking, nitrogen consumption, and freezing time. The experiments included testing different freezing temperatures (− 40, − 50, − 60, and − 70 °C), two types of nitrogen spraying nozzles (Hollow-cone and Full-cone), and two fan speeds (800 and 1200 rpm). Before freezing, the litchis were soaked in a solution and precooled as a pre-treatment to mitigate peel cracking and preserve quality. The results revealed that the crack ratio, freezing time, and nitrogen consumption decreased as temperature and fan speed increased. Among the nozzle types, Full-cone nozzles exhibited superior performance, achieving reductions of more than 15% in crack ratio, over 8% in freezing time, and more than 4% in nitrogen consumption compared to Hollow-cone nozzles. The predicted values derived from the Taguchi method showed strong alignment with the experimental data, validating the robustness of the optimization approach. This study contributes novel insights to the field of food freezing technology by introducing an innovative method for minimizing fruit cracking during freezing without the need for packaging. The findings also highlight the potential for reducing freezing time, operational costs, and nitrogen usage, offering practical implications for the food processing industry.

Fan ZHAO, Lijun JIANG, Shuangdie LI et al.

In order to improve the flexibility and heat-sealing performance of pullulan-soluble soybean polysaccharide film and its application potential, the effects of four plasticizers (polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitol) on the physical properties, structure and application effect of pullulan-soluble soybean polysaccharide film were studied in this article. Compared to the pullulan-soluble soybean polysaccharide film without plasticizer, the film with plasticizer showed increase in thickness, moisture content and elongation at break, and decrease in brightness (P<0.05). The propylene glycol, glycerol, and sorbitol films had smooth surfaces and uniform, compact structures. The polyethylene glycol film had a rough surface and porous structure, with a significant decrease in light transmittance and heat-sealing strength (P<0.05). The propylene glycol film showed a decrease in water contact angle, but no significant changes in light transmittance, dissolution time, and heat-sealing strength were observed. The glycerol and sorbitol films showed a higher elongation at break than other films, with a significantly decrease in water contact angle and dissolution time (P<0.05) and a significantly increase in heat-sealing strength (P<0.05). The results of the peptide powder packaging application indicated that the glycerol film showed the best heat-sealing form and instant effect. In summary, glycerol film exhibits good solubility (dissolution time<30 s), high flexibility (high elongation at break), and significant higher heat-sealing strength (2.58 N/15 mm) (P<0.05) compared to other films, and has potential applications as a heat-sealing instant film.

K. Verghese, H. Lewis, S. Lockrey et al.

Nattinee Bumbudsanpharoke, Seonghyuk Ko