Hasil untuk "Motion pictures"

Deirdre O'Regan, Anil C. Kokaram

The rapid rise of LLMs over the last few years has promoted growing experimentation with LLM-driven AI tutors. However, the details of implementation, as well as the benefit in a teaching environment, are still in the early days of exploration. This article addresses these issues in the context of implementation of an AI Teaching Assistant (AI-TA) using Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) for Trinity College Dublin's Master's Motion Picture Engineering (MPE) course. We provide details of our implementation (including the prompt to the LLM, and code), and highlight how we designed and tuned our RAG pipeline to meet course needs. We describe our survey instrument and report on the impact of the AI-TA through a number of quantitative metrics. The scale of our experiment (43 students, 296 sessions, 1,889 queries over 7 weeks) was sufficient to have confidence in our findings. Unlike previous studies, we experimented with allowing the use of the AI-TA in open-book examinations. Statistical analysis across three exams showed no performance differences regardless of AI-TA access (p > 0.05), demonstrating that thoughtfully designed assessments can maintain academic validity. Student feedback revealed that the AI-TA was beneficial (mean = 4.22/5), while students had mixed feelings about preferring it over human tutoring (mean = 2.78/5).

Sushanta Dattagupta, Aritra Ghosh

We briefly review the problem of Brownian motion and describe some intriguing facets. The problem is first treated in its original form as enunciated by Einstein, Langevin, and others. Then, utilizing the problem of Brownian motion as a paradigm and upon using the Langevin equation(s), we present a brief exposition of the modern areas of stochastic thermodynamics and fluctuation theorems in a manner accessible to a non-expert. This is followed by an analysis of non-Markovian Brownian dynamics via generalized Langevin equation(s) in which we particularly shed light onto its derivation, the emergence of the fluctuation-dissipation relation, and the recently-discovered effective-mass framework.

Dae-Woong Lee, P. Christopher Staecker

We investigate the properties of digital homotopy in the context of digital pictures $(X,κ,\bar κ)$, where $X\subsetneq \Z^n$ is a finite set, $κ$ is an adjacency relation on $X$, and $\bar κ$ is an adjacency relation on the complement of $X$. In particular we focus on homotopy equivalence between digital pictures in $\Z^2$. We define a numerical homotopy-type invariant for digital pictures in $\Z^2$ called the outer perimeter, which is a basic tool for distinguishing homotopy types of digital pictures. When a digital picture has no holes, we show that it is homotopy equivalent to its rc-convex hull, obtained by ``filling in the gaps'' of any row or column. We show that a digital picture $(X,c_i,c_j)$ is homotopy equivalent to only finitely many other digital pictures $(Y,c_i,c_j)$. At the end of the paper, we raise a conjecture on the largest digital picture of the same homotopy-type of a given digital picture.

Patrick Iglesias-Zemmour

This work presents a group-theoretic interpretation of the historical evolution of mechanics, proposing that each fundamental theory of motion corresponds to a distinct geometry in the sense of Felix Klein. The character of each geometry is uniquely determined by its Inertia Group-the group of spacetime transformations that preserves its privileged class of inertial motions. We trace the three major epistemological ruptures in the history of mechanics by translating foundational physical principles into the unambiguous language of group theory. The analysis begins with Aristotelian mechanics, where absolute Space and Time are shown to be homogeneous spaces of the Group of Aristotle, defined by its preservation of rest. The second rupture, driven by the relativity of motion (Bruno, Galileo), leads to the abandonment of absolute Space and the construction of the Galilean Group, which preserves the class of uniform rectilinear motions. The final rupture, precipitated by the crisis in electromagnetism, results in the dissolution of absolute Time and the emergence of the Poincaré Group, preserving affine lines and the Minkowski metric. Central results of this approach are theorems demonstrating, with mathematical certainty, the non-existence of a Galilean-invariant "Space" and a Poincaré-invariant "Time," where invariance is defined with respect to the action of the corresponding inertia group. This geometric framework provides a unified perspective on the transition from classical to modern physics and allows for a rigorous distinction between 'primary' epistemological ruptures, which alter the Inertia Group itself, and 'secondary' ruptures, which introduce new formalisms for the management of dynamics within a stable geometry.

António Baía Reis, Guida Mendes, Inês Rebanda Coelho et al.

Massimiliano Coviello

Thiemo Fildhuth, Matthias Oppe, Clea Kummert et al.

After several years of renovation, the Renaissance castle of Villers-Cotterêts, hosting the “Cité internationale de la langue française” desired by the French president and developed by Olivier Weets Architecte, has been opened to the public in October 2023. Centerpiece and emblematic symbol of the castle is the fully glazed, double curved grid shell covering the interior courtyard, which has been developed and engineered by the authors throughout all construction stages. The cushion-shaped, 16m x 36m roof consists of a rhombic grid structure of slender, custom-welded steel profiles glazed with 2m x 2m, diagonally curved insulating glass units. The shell geometry and tesselation have been form-found to be clad with single curved glass. The shallow rise of 1.3m combined with a low glass curvature of 25m, the structural node geometry, the irregular courtyard shape, the incapacity of the masonry to absorb horizontal forces, rainwater drainage and the building regulations were key challenges to be met. In the present contribution, the solution to these topics is discussed within the context of other quadrangulated glazed grid shells, such as the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures in Los Angeles or the roof of lightrailstation in The Hague. The comparison shows the necessity to develop individual glazing and construction solutions depending on the boundary conditions and complexity of each project.

Floribert Patrick C. Endong

Since September 7, 2017, the two English-speaking regions of Cameroon have been brutalised by a separatist struggle variously called the Ambazonia War, the NOSO war or the Anglophone crisis. This conflict which opposes some separatist armed groups and government forces has involved the use by each side, of online-based visual propaganda aimed at framing their opponents in a negative light and wooing both domestic audiences and the international community in favour of their respective causes. This determination to negatively frame the opposite camp has led not only to a war of gloomy images but also the recrudescence of an aesthetic of violence in the video-assisted propaganda of the warring parties. This aesthetics of violence has so far remained understudied. This paper seeks to fill this gap by examining how specific violent images have circumstantially been constructed, deconstructed and mobilised by both separatist and anti-separatist forces in this conflict to frame or counter-frame their opponent. Using a qualitative content analysis of relevant online videos/footage, semiotics, documentary analysis and critical observations, the paper specifically addresses three questions: What has been the role of visual-based propaganda in the Ambazonia war? How have the domestic and the foreign audiences received this visual propaganda? And how have international observers – such as news agencies, politics observatories and other world organisations – mediated in the war of images that opposes government and the armed separatist groups in Cameroon?

Inês Tadeu

Arminda de Jesus was brutally beaten to an inch of her life and then burnt alive. It happened on the night of February 25, 1933, in the place of Oliveira, village of Soalhães, in the municipality of Marco de Canavezes, in the Porto district. Though by all accounts, Arminda was a well-liked, caring rural mother of two young children, she met a gruesome end at the hands of Joaquina’s male relatives, her life-long neighbours. Joaquina was a long-time afflicted when she accused Arminda of being the demonic woman-as-witch harbouring the Devil tormenting her. (Coutinho e Pinto, 1987) In 1964, Manuel de Guimarães directed the film adaptation of Bernardo Santareno’s 1959 play O Crime de Aldeia Velha, adding to the stories about this infamous historical event. Our paper describes how Santareno, Guimarães and Andrade (re)created Arminda de Jesus as Joana. She was the prettiest girl in the village who bewitched all men with her beauty and inversionary behaviour. These attributes precipitated her demise at the hands of the older women in the village. Our analysis of the film narrative illustrates Santareno and Magalhães’ counter-memorialisation of Arminda de Jesus and the events that led to her violent death in this mnemonic [...].

Ran Wang, Yimin Xiao

Let $X:=\{X(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ be a generalized fractional Brownian motion: $$ \{X(t)\}_{t\ge0}\overset{d}{=}\left\{ \int_{\mathbb R} \left((t-u)_+^α-(-u)_+^α \right) |u|^{-γ/2} B(du) \right\}_{t\ge0}, $$ with parameters $γ\in (0, 1)$ and $α\in \left(-1/2+ γ/2, \, 1/2+ γ/2 \right)$. This is a self-similar Gaussian process introduced by Pang and Taqqu (2019) as the scaling limit of power-law shot noise processes. The parameters $α$ and $γ$ determine the probabilistic and statistical properties of $X$. In particular, the parameter $γ$ introduces non-stationarity of the increments. In this paper, we prove Strassen's local law of the iterated logarithm of $X$ at any fixed point $t_0 \in (0, \infty)$, which describes explicitly the roles played by the parameters $α, γ$ and the location $t_0$. Our result is different from the previous Strassen's LIL for $X$ at infinity proved by Ichiba, Pang and Taqqu (2022).

Ferran de Vargas

Between the mid-1960s and the early 1970s, the quotidian dimension took political centrality in Japan thanks to the leading role of the New Left movement and its ideology. This went hand in hand with an appreciation of the philosophical approaches of Marxist intellectuals such as Jun Tosaka and Gorō Hani, who saw the quotidian as a fundamental space for historical transformation. We know how Tosaka and Hani developed an everyday-centred philosophy of history through their writings, but we know little about how formats other than the written word – such as cinema – contributed to thinking historical reality from the same ideological approach. To address this gap in our understanding, this article analyses the intersection of two highly representative films with Tosaka and Hani’s historical thought: Secrets Within Walls (Kabe no naka no himegoto, Kōji Wakamatsu, 1965) and Ceremonies (Gishiki, Nagisa Ōshima, 1971). These films’ cinematic allegorisation of post-war Japan’s everyday relationships was a way to reflect on the political character of that period.

Anna Chiara Sabatino

Dominant narratives across Medical Humanities have been focused on the cultural construction of the notion of medicine as epistemic discourse and social practice, on the role of humanities in medical design of the disease as well as on the humanization of the clinical encounter in order to facilitate the anamnesis, the therapy and the care. Among the main declinations, a more complex point of view arises, suggesting the critical integration and exploitation of a variety of methodologies, previously used by art and humanities research, into a peculiar human-centered dispositive, both narrative and therapeutic, in which audiovisual practices and languages acquire new healing potential and activate bias for unprecedented processes of subjectivization for particular target of suffering human beings. Based on the aforementioned premises, the essay aims at investigating the therapeutic set as performative and methodological model, consistent with art-therapy and narrative-based medical approaches, applicable in specific pathological conditions and health-care contexts. Within such reflexive and operational framework including documentary studies and visual anthropology, self-representational and amateur theories, the therapeutic set becomes a media environment where the formative encounter, both technical and pragmatic, finally ethical, between the self and the world, the action and the awareness takes place. My purpose is to explore the theoretical pillars of the therapeutic set as transformative interplay between profaned cinematic dispositive and psychotherapy setting, dwelling on bodily involvement, audiovisual gestures and amateur self representation to which active participants, storytellers of their own illness and treatment, are called in the making of therapy and narrative. The paper finally intends to illustrate selected interdisciplinary case studies in order to discuss the healing potential of creative participatory processes and self-representations, occurring thanks to the relocation and amateurization of the contemporary cinematic experience.

Navid Darvishzadeh

Paul W. Burch

I adapt Robert Sinnerbrink's notion of cinematic poesis by arguing that Terrence Malick's The Thin Red Line constitutes an example of ecological cinematic poesis: a style of filmmaking that works in concert with the limits and potentialities of the filmmaking as a medium. This cinematic bearing emerges in a new way following Malick's return to Hollywood, where a combination of factors spur the emergence of a radical Emersonian practice of cinematic receptivity. I draw on oral histories, and the film itself, to demonstrate how Malick's creative process consistently tends towards an ethos of poverty. To further pattern and illuminate the ecological stakes of this Emersonian stance, I draw on the complementary framework of second-order systems theory, and in particular, on Niklas Luhmann's concept of simultaneity. In so doing, I outline the layered nature of Malick's cinematic praxis – a doubled Emersonian receptivity which not only invites defamiliarizing depictions of warfare and the nonhuman, but also welcomes, and toys with, the otherness haunting technical images and human cognition. As such, The Thin Red Line, and its immediate counterparts, perform the ecological work of reframing the conditions of wonder, asking us to marvel not at what we have seen, but what we haven’t.

Skip Garibaldi

We fill in the details in a procedure outlined by Serre for drawing pictures of compact real Lie groups. In the case of Sp($2n$), the picture generated by the method is connected with abelian varieties over a number field or a finite field. We follow the procedure to produce pictures for the three simply connected simple groups of rank 2. The pictures for two of these have previously been discussed in the literature in a different setting. The remaining one, type $G_2$, has the most complicated picture.

Seth Karten, Aravind Sivaramakrishnan, Edgar Granados et al.

This paper aims to improve the path quality and computational efficiency of kinodynamic planners used for vehicular systems. It proposes a learning framework for identifying promising controls during the expansion process of sampling-based motion planners for systems with dynamics. Offline, the learning process is trained to return the highest-quality control that reaches a local goal state (i.e., a waypoint) in the absence of obstacles from an input difference vector between its current state and a local goal state. The data generation scheme provides bounds on the target dispersion and uses state space pruning to ensure high-quality controls. By focusing on the system's dynamics, this process is data efficient and takes place once for a dynamical system, so that it can be used for different environments with modular expansion functions. This work integrates the proposed learning process with a) an exploratory expansion function that generates waypoints with biased coverage over the reachable space, and b) proposes an exploitative expansion function for mobile robots, which generates waypoints using medial axis information. This paper evaluates the learning process and the corresponding planners for a first and second-order differential drive systems. The results show that the proposed integration of learning and planning can produce better quality paths than kinodynamic planning with random controls in fewer iterations and computation time.

Serafima A. Khavronina, Kasim Emrak

The article deals with Russian prefixed verbs of motion in the reflection of the Turkish language. The topic is relevant due to the fact that in recent years the role of Russian language learning in Turkey is increasing because of the expansion of economic and cultural relations between the two countries. The aim of the study is to create a linguodidactic basis for developing methodological recommendations for teaching Russian prefixed verbs of motion to Turkish students. Different methods have been used to realize the goal. The article is based on the dissertations, textbooks and manuals on the Russian language for foreigners, scientific works comparing the Russian and Turkish languages. The study of verbs of motion in the practical course of the Russian language for Turkish students has a special place. Russian and Turkish language speakers perceive the world and their identity differently. The differences between the pictures of the world are reflected in culture and language, its vocabulary and grammatical categories. Thus, while there are universals in the verb systems of the Russian and Turkish languages, there are also significant differences in the idea of action, state, change, movement, denoted by verb units in the two languages. Russian prefixed verbs of motion do not have exact equivalents in Turkish and are translated by means of verbs with different root or translation transformations. The results of the comparative description of Russian prefixed verbs of motion and transferring their meanings in Turkish, and the identified differences served as the basis for developing methodological recommendations for teaching Russian prefixed verbs of motion to Turkish students, taking into account their native language. Basing on the research, a system of teaching prefixed verbs of motion to Turkish students, including methods of verb presentation and consolidation in oral and written speech, was developed. The prospects of this work are to create a nationally-oriented textbook on the topic Russian prefix verbs of motion.

Reza H. Teshnizi, Dylan A. Shell

Considering an environment containing polygonal obstacles, we address the problem of planning motions for a pair of planar robots connected to one another via a cable of limited length. Much like prior problems with a single robot connected via a cable to a fixed base, straight line-of-sight visibility plays an important role. The present paper shows how the reduced visibility graph provides a natural discretization and captures the essential topological considerations very effectively for the two robot case as well. Unlike the single robot case, however, the bounded cable length introduces considerations around coordination (or equivalently, when viewed from the point of view of a centralized planner, relative timing) that complicates the matter. Indeed, the paper has to introduce a rather more involved formalization than prior single-robot work in order to establish the core theoretical result -- a theorem permitting the problem to be cast as one of finding paths rather than trajectories. Once affirmed, the planning problem reduces to a straightforward graph search with an elegant representation of the connecting cable, demanding only a few extra ancillary checks that ensure sufficiency of cable to guarantee feasibility of the solution. We describe our implementation of A${}^\star$ search, and report experimental results. Lastly, we prescribe an optimal execution for the solutions provided by the algorithm.

Daniel Utt, Subin Lee, Yaolong Xing et al.

Dislocations in single-phase concentrated random alloys, including high- entropy alloys (HEAs), repeatedly encounter pinning during glide, resulting in jerky dislocation motion. While solute-dislocation interaction is well understood in conventional alloys, the origin of individual pinning points in concentrated random alloys is a matter of debate. In this work, we investigate the origin of dislocation pinning in the CoCrFeMnNi HEA. In- situ transmission electron microscopy studies reveal wavy dislocation lines and a jagged glide motion under external loading, even though no segregation or clustering is found around Shockley partial dislocations. Atomistic simulations reproduce the jerky dislocation motion and link the repeated pinning to local fluctuations in the Peierls friction. We demonstrate that the density of high local Peierls friction is proportional to the critical stress required for dislocation glide and the dislocation mobility.

Zhenqiang Ying, Haoran Niu, Praful Gupta et al.

Blind or no-reference (NR) perceptual picture quality prediction is a difficult, unsolved problem of great consequence to the social and streaming media industries that impacts billions of viewers daily. Unfortunately, popular NR prediction models perform poorly on real-world distorted pictures. To advance progress on this problem, we introduce the largest (by far) subjective picture quality database, containing about 40000 real-world distorted pictures and 120000 patches, on which we collected about 4M human judgments of picture quality. Using these picture and patch quality labels, we built deep region-based architectures that learn to produce state-of-the-art global picture quality predictions as well as useful local picture quality maps. Our innovations include picture quality prediction architectures that produce global-to-local inferences as well as local-to-global inferences (via feedback).