Hasil untuk "Manners and customs (General)"

Filipa Filipe, Teodora Gonzaga

O rain-fila é uma crença timorense segundo a qual o tempo age como uma força transformadora e enganadora, capaz de desorientar o viajante e obrigá-lo a vestir a roupa do avesso para reencontrar o caminho de retorno. No romance Crónica de uma Travessia, este conceito funciona como uma metáfora para a memória. Este artigo propõe-se a analisar o tempo narrativo na obra de Luís Cardoso, fundamentando-se nos estudos narratológicos de Carlos Reis. São examinados paratextos e excertos que evidenciam a relação entre o tempo da história e o tempo do discurso. A análise incide sobre fenómenos de ordem, velocidade e frequência, que evidenciam os processos de desconstrução e reconstrução do passado, articulando memória individual e coletiva.

Marcia Arruda Franco, Filipa Araújo

No momento em que se comemora o quinto centenário do nascimento de Luís Vaz de Camões, pretende-se estimular a discussão sobre a sua obra, dirigindo o foco para a abordagem de temas que interpelam os ledores e ledoras da atualidade.Procurando fomentar a reflexão crítica sobre as questões de género na produção camoniana, de modo a resgatar o interesse deste valioso contributo para a história cultural do século XVI, este dossiê visa aprofundar o estudo da mentalidade que embasou a fortuna crítica e/ou poética dessas temáticas, seja na atualidade, seja em outros períodos históricos, de acordo com valores e desejos dominantes. A seleção reúne, assim, propostas de investigação que promovem o diálogo interdisciplinar, envolvendo diferentes áreas científicas como a Literatura, a História, os Estudos Culturais, os Estudos Feministas e os Estudos Homoeróticos.

Yi Yuan, Xubo Liu, Haohe Liu et al.

With the development of large-scale diffusion-based and language-modeling-based generative models, impressive progress has been achieved in text-to-audio generation. Despite producing high-quality outputs, existing text-to-audio models mainly aim to generate semantically aligned sound and fall short of controlling fine-grained acoustic characteristics of specific sounds. As a result, users who need specific sound content may find it difficult to generate the desired audio clips. In this paper, we present DreamAudio for customized text-to-audio generation (CTTA). Specifically, we introduce a new framework that is designed to enable the model to identify auditory information from user-provided reference concepts for audio generation. Given a few reference audio samples containing personalized audio events, our system can generate new audio samples that include these specific events. In addition, two types of datasets are developed for training and testing the proposed systems. The experiments show that DreamAudio generates audio samples that are highly consistent with the customized audio features and aligned well with the input text prompts. Furthermore, DreamAudio offers comparable performance in general text-to-audio tasks. We also provide a human-involved dataset containing audio events from real-world CTTA cases as the benchmark for customized generation tasks.

Linhao Zhong, Yan Hong, Wentao Chen et al.

Text-to-image generation models have seen considerable advancement, catering to the increasing interest in personalized image creation. Current customization techniques often necessitate users to provide multiple images (typically 3-5) for each customized object, along with the classification of these objects and descriptive textual prompts for scenes. This paper questions whether the process can be made more user-friendly and the customization more intricate. We propose a method where users need only provide images along with text for each customization topic, and necessitates only a single image per visual concept. We introduce the concept of a ``multi-modal prompt'', a novel integration of text and images tailored to each customization concept, which simplifies user interaction and facilitates precise customization of both objects and scenes. Our proposed paradigm for customized text-to-image generation surpasses existing finetune-based methods in user-friendliness and the ability to customize complex objects with user-friendly inputs. Our code is available at $\href{https://github.com/zhongzero/Multi-Modal-Prompt}{https://github.com/zhongzero/Multi-Modal-Prompt}$.

Jing He, Haodong Li, Yongzhe Hu et al.

In the realm of image generation, creating customized images from visual prompt with additional textual instruction emerges as a promising endeavor. However, existing methods, both tuning-based and tuning-free, struggle with interpreting the subject-essential attributes from the visual prompt. This leads to subject-irrelevant attributes infiltrating the generation process, ultimately compromising the personalization quality in both editability and ID preservation. In this paper, we present DisEnvisioner, a novel approach for effectively extracting and enriching the subject-essential features while filtering out -irrelevant information, enabling exceptional customization performance, in a tuning-free manner and using only a single image. Specifically, the feature of the subject and other irrelevant components are effectively separated into distinctive visual tokens, enabling a much more accurate customization. Aiming to further improving the ID consistency, we enrich the disentangled features, sculpting them into more granular representations. Experiments demonstrate the superiority of our approach over existing methods in instruction response (editability), ID consistency, inference speed, and the overall image quality, highlighting the effectiveness and efficiency of DisEnvisioner. Project page: https://disenvisioner.github.io/.

Qingyu Shi, Lu Qi, Jianzong Wu et al.

Customized image generation is essential for creating personalized content based on user prompts, allowing large-scale text-to-image diffusion models to more effectively meet individual needs. However, existing models often neglect the relationships between customized objects in generated images. In contrast, this work addresses this gap by focusing on relation-aware customized image generation, which seeks to preserve the identities from image prompts while maintaining the relationship specified in text prompts. Specifically, we introduce DreamRelation, a framework that disentangles identity and relation learning using a carefully curated dataset. Our training data consists of relation-specific images, independent object images containing identity information, and text prompts to guide relation generation. Then, we propose two key modules to tackle the two main challenges: generating accurate and natural relationships, especially when significant pose adjustments are required, and avoiding object confusion in cases of overlap. First, we introduce a keypoint matching loss that effectively guides the model in adjusting object poses closely tied to their relationships. Second, we incorporate local features of the image prompts to better distinguish between objects, preventing confusion in overlapping cases. Extensive results on our proposed benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of DreamRelation in generating precise relations while preserving object identities across a diverse set of objects and relationships.

Yufan Zhou, Ruiyi Zhang, Jiuxiang Gu et al.

We present SUGAR, a zero-shot method for subject-driven video customization. Given an input image, SUGAR is capable of generating videos for the subject contained in the image and aligning the generation with arbitrary visual attributes such as style and motion specified by user-input text. Unlike previous methods, which require test-time fine-tuning or fail to generate text-aligned videos, SUGAR achieves superior results without the need for extra cost at test-time. To enable zero-shot capability, we introduce a scalable pipeline to construct synthetic dataset which is specifically designed for subject-driven customization, leading to 2.5 millions of image-video-text triplets. Additionally, we propose several methods to enhance our model, including special attention designs, improved training strategies, and a refined sampling algorithm. Extensive experiments are conducted. Compared to previous methods, SUGAR achieves state-of-the-art results in identity preservation, video dynamics, and video-text alignment for subject-driven video customization, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed method.

Wang Lin, Jingyuan Chen, Jiaxin Shi et al.

We tackle the common challenge of inter-concept visual confusion in compositional concept generation using text-guided diffusion models (TGDMs). It becomes even more pronounced in the generation of customized concepts, due to the scarcity of user-provided concept visual examples. By revisiting the two major stages leading to the success of TGDMs -- 1) contrastive image-language pre-training (CLIP) for text encoder that encodes visual semantics, and 2) training TGDM that decodes the textual embeddings into pixels -- we point that existing customized generation methods only focus on fine-tuning the second stage while overlooking the first one. To this end, we propose a simple yet effective solution called CLIF: contrastive image-language fine-tuning. Specifically, given a few samples of customized concepts, we obtain non-confusing textual embeddings of a concept by fine-tuning CLIP via contrasting a concept and the over-segmented visual regions of other concepts. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of CLIF in preventing the confusion of multi-customized concept generation.

Leocádia Aparecida Chaves, Linda Maria de Jesus Bertolino

Neste artigo discute-se a obra Meu corpo, minha prisão: Autobiografia de um transexual, de Lorys Ádreon (1985), a partir do reconhecimento de que se trata de uma escrita de cárcere. Isso porque, embora a autora não tenha tido a experiência do encarceramento físico numa instituição prisional, desde a mais tenra idade reconhece-se prisioneira de uma compulsoriedade identitária que é reforçada pelos mecanismos de censura e perseguição do Estado brasileiro e seus dispositivos de poder, no contexto da ditadura civil-militar, o que lhe impede de viver livremente como se autorreconhece, uma mulher. A escrita-testemunho realiza-se, como se demonstrará, de modo estratégico pela estética intertextual com o romance oitocentista alencariano, uma vez que ao escrever sobre  a sua relação afetiva com o indígena cisheterossexual Oitameno, o faz tanto como comprovação de sua feminilidade,  porque objeto do amor romântico e idílico, como pelo pleito a uma outra nação possível para o Brasil, que se comprova, no contexto de sua publicação, um projeto inviável.

Josê Cândido de Oliveira Martins

A ilha e a condição da insularidade, face ao continente, constituíram-se, frequentemente, como continuado pretexto afectivo e sobretudo intelectual para questionação do complexo tema da identidade cultural (regional, nacional ou supra-nacional), tema polémico e complexo. Isso é particularmente visível na escrita, sobretudo ensaística, mas também literária, do escritor português Onésimo Teotónio de Almeida. Em várias das suas publicações, ao longo de algumas décadas – desde os ensaios aos textos criativos – o discurso reflexivo deste autor visa uma persistente indagação identitária, que articula o local ou regional com o nacional e até o universal, abarcando os sistemas da cultura e da literatura.

Yinglin Zheng, Hao Yang, Ting Zhang et al.

How to learn a universal facial representation that boosts all face analysis tasks? This paper takes one step toward this goal. In this paper, we study the transfer performance of pre-trained models on face analysis tasks and introduce a framework, called FaRL, for general Facial Representation Learning in a visual-linguistic manner. On one hand, the framework involves a contrastive loss to learn high-level semantic meaning from image-text pairs. On the other hand, we propose exploring low-level information simultaneously to further enhance the face representation, by adding a masked image modeling. We perform pre-training on LAION-FACE, a dataset containing large amount of face image-text pairs, and evaluate the representation capability on multiple downstream tasks. We show that FaRL achieves better transfer performance compared with previous pre-trained models. We also verify its superiority in the low-data regime. More importantly, our model surpasses the state-of-the-art methods on face analysis tasks including face parsing and face alignment.

Allan L. Alinea, Takahiro Kubota

Primordial cosmological perturbations are the seeds that were cultivated by inflation and the succeeding dynamical processes, eventually leading to the current Universe. In this work, we investigate the behavior of the gauge-invariant scalar and tensor perturbations under the general extended disformal transformation, namely, $g_{μν} \rightarrow A(X,Y,Z)g_{μν} + Φ_μΦ_ν$, where $X \equiv -\tfrac{1}{2}φ^{;μ}φ_{;μ}, Y \equiv φ^{;μ}X_{;μ}, Z \equiv X^{;μ}X_{;μ} $ and $Φ_μ\equiv Cφ_{;μ} + DX_{;μ}$, with $C$ and $D$ being a general functional of $(φ,X,Y,Z)$. We find that the tensor perturbation is invariant under this transformation. On the other hand, the scalar curvature perturbation receives a correction due the conformal term only; it is independent of the disformal term at least up to linear order. Within the framework of the full Horndeski theory, the correction terms turn out to depend linearly on the gauge-invariant comoving density perturbation and the first time-derivative thereof. In the superhorizon limit, all these correction terms vanish, leaving only the original scalar curvature perturbation. In other words, it is invariant under the general extended disformal transformation in the superhorizon limit, in the context of full Horndeski theory. Our work encompasses a chain of research studies on the transformation or invariance of the primordial cosmological perturbations, generalizing their results under our general extended disformal transformation.

Ligia C Bezerra

This article presents an analysis of the representation of Brazilian migrants in two narratives by writer Regina Rheda: the novel Pau-de-arara classe turística (1996) and the short story "O santuário" (2002). Taking as a point of departure Saskia Sassen's work on global labor circuits at the turn of the twenty-first century, I argue that Rheda represents the Brazilian migrants in question as "citizens of nowhere." Her characters acquire this status as economic crises resulting from a neoliberal agenda transform work relations between the South and the North of the globe, limiting their access to basic citizen rights in their own country. At the same time, their condition as undocumented workers in the countries to where they migrate relegates them to exploitation and, therefore, stresses the precariousness of their situation as citizens.

Jorge Filipe Ressurreição

O Livro de memórias, de Teixeira de Pascoaes, retrata um mundo, o do narrador, povoado de lembranças que se presentificam constantemente por serem parte integrante daquele que narra. Para isso, o autor usa vários processos retóricos que o auxiliam na sua acção de evocar o passado. Contudo, mais do que simplesmente evocar, o sujeito pretende retirar das amarras do passado as imagens que compõem a sua memória e trazê-las de novo para junto de si, "dissipa[r] as trevas do tempo e ressuscita[r] os mortos", como diz o próprio. Deste modo, propomo-nos atentar no sujeito do primeiro capítulo do Livro de memórias como um sujeito órfico, que, pela escrita, pretende trazer a sua Eurídice — isto é, a sua infância ou as imagens que a compõem — de volta ao tempo presente, resgatando-a do passado (o Inferno). A aproximação do sujeito do Livro de memórias à personagem mítica de Orfeu pretende ser um contributo para o entendimento de um livro que, inserindo-se no género memorialístico, em quase tudo foge às características que esperaríamos encontrar numas memórias de autor.

R. Drayton

This chapter takes a broader perspective, demonstrating that the middle class in every society has been both “middle” in terms of status, and “middle” in terms of its capacity for engagement with social groups above or below. The history of the global middle class is in essence the history of global processes of mediation. The post-1500 early modern forms of globalization had three key effects. First, the moment of European hegemony in the period from circa 1750 to 1950 was correlated with the internal integration of Western Christendom and its diasporas on the basis of ideas of “civilization” and “whiteness” and with an ever-expanding external regime of links between Western European and non-European social formations. Second, connected to these processes of integration and external linkages was the production, and growth in importance, of mediating groups in every corner of the globe, of which the European bourgeois was a local and privileged expression. Third, linked to this violent integration of international society, and the associated primacy of mediation and mediators, was a process of standardization of social imaginaries, manners, and customs, a pressure toward the reduction of specific complexity into general categories, toward uniformity.

Sudipta Sarkar

Black holes have often provided profound insights into the nature of gravity and the structure of space-time. The study of the mathematical properties of black objects is a major research theme of contemporary theoretical physics. This review presents a comprehensive survey of the various versions of the first law and second law of black hole mechanics in general relativity and beyond. The emphasis is to understand how these laws can constrain the physics beyond general relativity.

Daniel Blixt, Manuel Hohmann, Martin Krššák et al.

It is known that one can formulate an action in teleparallel gravity which is equivalent to general relativity, up to a boundary term. In this geometry we have vanishing curvature, and non-vanishing torsion. The action is constructed by three different contractions of torsion with specific coefficients. By allowing these coefficients to be arbitrary we get the theory which is called `new general relativity'. In this note, the Lagrangian for new general relativity is written down in ADM-variables. In order to write down the Hamiltonian we need to invert the velocities to canonical variables. However, the inversion depends on the specific combination of constraints satisfied by the theory (which depends on the coefficients in the Lagrangian). It is found that one can combine these constraints in 9 different ways to obtain non-trivial theories, each with a different inversion formula.

E. Patrick

Francesco Cremona, Francesca Pirotta, Livio Pizzocchero

We consider the wormhole of Ellis, Bronnikov, Morris and Thorne (EBMT), arising from Einstein's equations in presence of a phantom scalar field. In this paper we propose a simplified derivation of the linear instability of this system, making comparisons with previous works on this subject (and generalizations) by Gonzalez, Guzman, Sarbach, Bronnikov, Fabris and Zhidenko.