Hasil untuk "Construction industry"

M. Nasir, A. Genovese, A. Acquaye et al.

C. Turner, J. Oyekan, L. Stergioulas et al.

In recent years, a step change has been seen in the rate of adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies by manufacturers and industrial organizations alike. This article discusses the current state of the art in the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies within the construction industry. Increasing complexity in onsite construction projects coupled with the need for higher productivity is leading to increased interest in the potential use of Industry 4.0 technologies. This article discusses the relevance of the following key Industry 4.0 technologies to construction: data analytics and artificial intelligence, robotics and automation, building information management, sensors and wearables, digital twin, and industrial connectivity. Industrial connectivity is a key aspect as it ensures that all Industry 4.0 technologies are interconnected allowing the full benefits to be realized. This article also presents a research agenda for the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies within the construction sector, a three-phase use of intelligent assets from the point of manufacture up to after build, and a four-staged R&D process for the implementation of smart wearables in a digital enhanced construction site.

J. Nwaogu, Yang Yang, A. Chan et al.

Baiyu Chen, Matthew J Eckelman, Michelle Laboy et al.

The construction industry is increasingly focused on reducing embodied carbon emissions to address climate change. Steel—cross laminated timber (CLT) composite hybrid structures, where CLT floors and steel framings work in composite action to resist gravity forces, offers benefits such as carbon storage, recyclability, reduced use of carbon-intensive materials, and improved project schedule and quality control. This composite hybrid system can accelerate progress toward net-zero embodied carbon by integrating carbon-storing materials within the existing AEC (Architecture, Engineering, and Construction) ecosystem for commercial and high-rise buildings, where timber use is limited. This study analyzes two structural patterns within the composite hybrid system and uses life cycle assessment (LCA) to identify trade-offs in embodied carbon. A 12-story office prototype is designed using two framing spans of 12.5 feet (3.8 m, Basic Hybrid ) and 25 feet (7.6 m, Stretch ), resulting in a change in the wood-to-steel ratio. In the Stretch design, the structure’s mass increases by 20% due to thicker CLT panels for the longer span, despite reduced steel framing, resulting in a 5% heavier foundation. The LCA considers upfront emissions from the product and transportation stages (A1–A4). Excluding biogenic carbon, the Stretch design has 3% higher embodied carbon than Basic Hybrid ; however, including biogenic carbon storage shows an 83% greater carbon benefit for Stretch . A dynamic assessment of biogenic carbon storage reveals that the building must be in service for 23 years for forest regrowth to offset initial forestry emissions, while the 7-ply system achieves net-zero carbon for the whole building in 67 years, compared to 80 years for the 5-ply system.

Ramil R. Zagidullin, Ivan A. Bannikov

A traffic accident is a phenomenon that has already become an integral part of human life, and although it is often taken for granted, accidents have serious consequences for people, resulting in physical injury, emotional stress, financial loss, and death. In addition, accidents can cause traffic jams, which leads to delays, creating inconveniences for movement. Therefore, the fight against road accidents is an important task around the world. This requires effective measures to prevent and reduce the risk of accidents. First of all, proper planning of the road network contributes to safety, and in order to assess them, it is necessary to substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed measures. One of the methods of substantiating the possibilities of optimizing intersections is computer simulation, which allows not only analyzing, but also predicting the behavior of transport processes. The purpose of the study is to develop practical tools for improving road safety. Methodology. Theoretical and practical research methods were used: system analysis, information synthesis, observations, measurements, experiments and comparisons. Results. The possibilities of practical tools in the formation and development of transport infrastructure are presented. Scenarios for solving the problem of road safety at one of the intersections of the Kazan city road network have been developed. Practical implications. When optimizing intersections, when assessing the risks of deterioration in case of incorrect design, or when evaluating effectiveness, use computer modeling methods. EDN: UKYLKH

Liang Lei, Weibin Li, Shiwei Zhang et al.

With the advent of Industry 5.0, fault diagnosis is playing an increasingly important role in routine equipment maintenance and condition monitoring. From the perspective of industrial big data, this paper systematically reviews the current mainstream industrial fault diagnosis methods. The content covers the main sources of industrial big data, commonly used datasets, and the construction of related platforms. In conjunction with the development of multi-source heterogeneous data, the paper explores the evolutionary path of fault diagnosis methods. Subsequently, it provides an in-depth analysis of data-driven fault diagnosis techniques in industrial applications, with particular emphasis on the pivotal role of deep learning algorithms in fault diagnosis. Next, it discusses the applications and development of large models in the field of fault diagnosis, focusing on their potential to enhance diagnostic intelligence and generalization under big data environments. Finally, the paper looks ahead to the future development of data-driven fault diagnosis methods, pointing out that data quality, interpretability of deep learning, and edge-based large models are important research directions that urgently require breakthroughs.

Guofa WANG, Jinhu ZHANG, Huaiwei REN et al.

Summarizing the current development status of intelligent and digital technologies in the coal industry, analyzing the new situations and requirements for research and application of intelligent technologies and complete sets of equipment for efficient coal mining. Addressing challenges such as comprehensive perception of the state of high-strength mining surrounding rock and equipment under different coal seam conditions and integrated coordinated advancement and linked control of equipment groups, the paper explores the deep integration of advanced information technologies such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data analytics, and high-precision inertial navigation with coal mining technologies. This integration has enabled condition monitoring and data integrated management of coal mining equipment, improving monitoring, management, and decision-making efficiency in the coal mining process through precise perception, real-time data analysis, and intelligent control. It has also enhanced the adaptability of complete mining equipment sets to different coal seam conditions. To address the challenges of integrated advancement and coordinated control of equipment groups in ultra-long workfaces for medium-thick coal seams, the paper introduces synchronous mapping of geological information ahead of the mining face through dynamic perception of geographical information and real-time model updating technology. High-power rapid advancement equipment suitable for ultra-long workfaces has been developed, and a multi-area synchronous advancement process system covering all aspects of support, mining, and transportation has been established. This forms a linked mechanism for support equipment groups in ultra-long workfaces and achieves coordinated control among equipment groups, significantly improving mining efficiency and resource recovery rates for medium-thick coal seams. For complex geological conditions in deep thick coal seams, refined control of supports and intelligent coordinated control technologies for equipment groups have been developed, enabling perceptual coordination and adaptive precise control between equipment, thus improving system reliability and efficiency. Addressing challenges such as coal wall protection in ultra-large mining spaces, intense dynamic loads on surrounding rock in the workface, and significant variations in coal flow loads in 8−10 m ultra-high mining height workfaces, the paper proposes adaptive control technology for coupling hydraulic supports with surrounding rock, enhancing the adaptability of equipment to ultra-high mining height workface environments. Key technologies such as a guard plate monitoring system, adaptive cutting technology for shearer stability, coal flow load balancing, and dynamic chain tensioning control have been developed, enabling efficient mining under conditions of significant coal seam thickness variations and strong mining pressure. In the overseas promotion of intelligent and digital complete sets of equipment for efficient coal mining, the paper addresses challenges such as differences in coal mine conditions, safety requirements, and technical standards through customized adjustments to technical equipment. An integrated monitoring and big data analytics system has been developed, improving the response to abnormal situations and enabling autonomous perception, high-reliability data transmission, intelligent analysis and decision-making, precise control and execution among equipment groups within the workface. A technical system for intelligent and digital complete sets of equipment for efficient coal mining adaptable to different working conditions has been established and has achieved good results in engineering practice. This provides support for the high-quality development of coal mine intelligence and solutions to key technical challenges in coal mine intelligent construction.

Anna A. Taranenko

A multidimensional nonnegative matrix is called polystochastic if the sum of entries in each of its lines equals $1$. The set of all polystochastic matrices of order $n$ and dimension $d$ is a convex polytope $Ω_n^d$ known as the Birkhoff polytope. In this paper, we identify all vertices of the polytopes $Ω_4^3$ and $Ω_3^4$ correcting the results of Ke, Li, and Xiao (2016). Additionally, we describe constructions vertices of $Ω_n^d$ using multidimensional matrix products and find symmetric vertices of $Ω_3^d$ for all $d \geq 4$ with large support sizes.

Nathan Lane

I study the impact of industrial policies on industrial development by considering an important episode during the East Asian miracle: South Korea's heavy and chemical industry (HCI) drive, 1973--1979. Based on newly assembled data, I use the introduction and termination of industrial policies to study their impacts during and after the intervention period. (1) I reveal that heavy-chemical industrial policies promoted the expansion and dynamic comparative advantage of directly targeted industries. (2) Using variation in exposure to policies through the input-output network, I demonstrate that the policy indirectly benefited downstream users of targeted intermediates. (3) The benefits of HCI persisted even after the policy ended, as some results were slower to appear. The findings suggest that the temporary drive shifted Korean manufacturing into more advanced markets and supported durable change. This study helps clarify the lessons drawn from the East Asian growth miracle. JEL Codes: L5, O14, O25, N6. Keywords: industrial policy, East Asian miracle, economic history, industrial development, Heavy-Chemical Industry Drive, Heavy and Chemical Industry Drive.

Meng Li, Yu Zhang, Leshan Li

The Industry 4.0 refers to a industrial ecology which will merge the information system, physical system and service system into an integrate platform. Since now the industrial designers either conceive the physical part of products, or design the User Interfaces of computer systems, the new industrial ecology will give them a chance to redefine their roles in R&D work-flow. In this paper we discussed the required qualities of industrial designer in the new era, according to an investigation among Chinese enterprises. Additionally, how to promote these qualities though educational program.

Kechang XIE

The acceleration of the energy transition is driven by current geopolitical conflicts and climate and environmental challenges. It is crucial for China to construct a new energy system adapting to these changing circumstances for the sustainability, security, and stability of the energy supply system. At present, fossil fuels still dominate the China’s energy demand. There are energy security issues due to lacking oil and gas resources, and new energy technologies. China will still maintain a high dependence on coal energy in short term, consequently, prompting the clean and efficient conversion of coal is vital for developing a new energy system. In this paper, the specific connotations and develop direction of the new energy system are identified, and then the development status, opportunities and challenges of the China’s coal chemical industry in the new era are presented, also the suggestions for improving the technology of clean and efficient coal conversion and the future development of coal chemical industry are put forward. The new era has endowed the new energy system with more connotations, that is the future energy system should be characterized by “safe and efficient, clean and low-carbon, diverse and synergistic, and intelligent and accessible”. In addition, the new era will put forward higher requirements for the clean and efficient development of the coal industry.Although China has made significant achievements in the clean and efficient conversion of coal, the key technologies still need some breakthroughs.Combining the systematic understanding of the relationship between the transformation and development of the coal industry and the “dual carbon” goals, and in the context of the construction of a new energy system, the promotion of clean and efficient coal conversion is of great significance for social and economic development and helping to achieve the “dual carbon” goals. The key lies in strengthening the basic research of relevant disciplines and specialties in this field, as well as the innovative development of clean and efficient coal conversion technologies.

Yingshuo Li, Minghou Li, Lanxin Wang et al.

With the rapid development of the aviation industry, airport pavement is subjected to ever-increasing loads, posing urgent and higher demands on the mechanical performance and durability of pavement materials. This study develops a novel Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) with outstanding mechanical properties, good workability, low curing maintenance, and excellent performance in sustaining long-term load to specially designed for its potential application in airport pavement. The as-developed UHPC contains a mixed portion of fine and coarse aggregate, assuring its workability and avoiding the early-age shrinkage crack for the potential on-site construction. With a 7-day compressive strength of 140 MPa, compressive strength of 155.1 MPa, flexural strength of 25.4 MPa at 28 days, and a wear loss per unit area of 0.043 kg/m2, the mechanical properties of UHPC well outperform those of conventional C30 airport pavement concrete. Finite element simulation analysis reveals that a 10 cm thick UHPC surface layer demonstrates durability and safety under aircraft taxiing and landing impact loads, with a maximum tensile stress of 4.12 MPa well below its tensile strength limit of 8.75 MPa. Furthermore, it is predicted that a 10 cm thick UHPC overlay could support a load cycle lifespan 1014 times longer than that of conventional C30 concrete of 30 cm thickness, indicating its potential to significantly extend the service life of airport pavement. This research provides a theoretical basis for the applications of UHPC in airport pavement and presents innovative perspectives on into material and structural design of airport pavement materials for the future.

Wei Yue

The affordable rental housing community in industrial parks has become a large-scale community, but little attention has been paid to this type of community education. Therefore, based on the concept of educational equality, this project aims to explore the path of local colleges participating in community education for affordable rental housing in industrial parks. With convenient samples, empirical research is conducted on the current situation and residents’ needs of affordable rental housing community education in the Qianwan New Area Industrial Park. And it has been found that community residents have a high willingness to learn on one hand, however, on the other hand, there are few types of community education to meet their demand; Although there are many public space resources, the utilization of scene spaces is far from sufficient. Based on these findings, this research explores and proposes the paths for local colleges to participate in community education for affordable rental housing in industrial parks through resource sharing models, in-depth community services for all-age residential groups, the cultivation of application-oriented talents to promote the integration of industry and education and enriching spiritual connotation of community education content. By enhancing the quality of all-age residents, namely, the new citizens including industrial workers and their relatives, it can promote the construction of a learning-oriented society and contribute to the realization of common prosperity. This study has certain theoretical and practical significance in enriching the research field of community education, promoting social integration of new citizens, and helping to achieve common prosperity.

Konovalov Denis, Svajlenka Jozef, Katunsky Dusan

Despite various aspects, be it social or economic, construction is considered one of the decisive industries in many countries. In this industry, it is not possible to automate and streamline processes like for example in the automotive industry, as each construction work is unique every time. However, by implementing modern technologies of the 21st century, it is possible to streamline the processes in the pre-investment, investment and especially in the phase of using the construction work. Since the construction work is supposed to be used and functional for several decades. A suitable tool is the use of the building information model in short - "BIM". This issue has been moving and progressing significantly in recent years. By implementing these digital technologies in construction projects, it is possible to significantly speed up the course of construction, avoid collision situations, save financial resources, and last but not least, when creating a high-quality model, it is possible to create a digital twin of a given construction work, which can significantly optimize and streamline processes right in the use phase. It is in this phase of the life cycle that there is the greatest scope for using the completed building model, which of course must be revised during the first two phases to make it as accurate as possible and usable for management and maintenance. During this phase, it is also appropriate to implement software tools such as Computer Aided Facility Management (CAFM).

Ghulam Ameer Mukhtar, Sana Shehzadi, Muhammad Moazzam Ali et al.

This study investigates the prospect of using rapid prototyping, particularly additive manufacturing, in Pakistan’s construction and manufacturing sectors, aiming to encourage R&D by the analysis of technical feasibility of this technology and collaboration between civil and industrial engineering. To solve this puzzle, we collected data from field experts, academia researchers, and license holders of this technology. Further, analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a sub-branch of multicriteria decision-making method (MCDM), was used to gauge the systematically by prioritizing selection criteria for solving the problem. AHP makes the methodical process more accurate and organized, which helped us to proposed a feasibility study for the technology’s success in Pakistan’s construction and manufacturing industries. The findings show a 79.4% probability, which indicates interaction among both engineering disciplines. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to enhance the dependability of the AHP model, which assists in sound decision making during ambiguous conditions. Apart from economic technical aspects, sustainability plays a very crucial role in the evaluation process. This text shows the environmental effects and sustainability implications associated with the assimilation of rapid prototyping technologies. This supports the integration of rapid prototyping in Pakistan, contributing to discussions on technological innovations in emerging nations. This will also lay a foundation for future interdisciplinary collaboration and technological enrichments in both engineering domains.

Tony Metger, Alexander Poremba, Makrand Sinha et al.

Uniformly random unitaries, i.e. unitaries drawn from the Haar measure, have many useful properties, but cannot be implemented efficiently. This has motivated a long line of research into random unitaries that "look" sufficiently Haar random while also being efficient to implement. Two different notions of derandomisation have emerged: $t$-designs are random unitaries that information-theoretically reproduce the first $t$ moments of the Haar measure, and pseudorandom unitaries (PRUs) are random unitaries that are computationally indistinguishable from Haar random. In this work, we take a unified approach to constructing $t$-designs and PRUs. For this, we introduce and analyse the "$PFC$ ensemble", the product of a random computational basis permutation $P$, a random binary phase operator $F$, and a random Clifford unitary $C$. We show that this ensemble reproduces exponentially high moments of the Haar measure. We can then derandomise the $PFC$ ensemble to show the following: (1) Linear-depth $t$-designs. We give the first construction of a (diamond-error) approximate $t$-design with circuit depth linear in $t$. This follows from the $PFC$ ensemble by replacing the random phase and permutation operators with their $2t$-wise independent counterparts. (2) Non-adaptive PRUs. We give the first construction of PRUs with non-adaptive security, i.e. we construct unitaries that are indistinguishable from Haar random to polynomial-time distinguishers that query the unitary in parallel on an arbitary state. This follows from the $PFC$ ensemble by replacing the random phase and permutation operators with their pseudorandom counterparts. (3) Adaptive pseudorandom isometries. We show that if one considers isometries (rather than unitaries) from $n$ to $n + ω(\log n)$ qubits, a small modification of our PRU construction achieves general adaptive security.

Naseela Pervez, Alexander J. Titus

Biotechnology Industry 5.0 is advancing with the integration of cutting-edge technologies like Machine Learning (ML), the Internet Of Things (IoT), and cloud computing. It is no surprise that an industry that utilizes data from customers and can alter their lives is a target of a variety of attacks. This chapter provides a perspective of how Machine Learning Security Operations (MLSecOps) can help secure the biotechnology Industry 5.0. The chapter provides an analysis of the threats in the biotechnology Industry 5.0 and how ML algorithms can help secure with industry best practices. This chapter explores the scope of MLSecOps in the biotechnology Industry 5.0, highlighting how crucial it is to comply with current regulatory frameworks. With biotechnology Industry 5.0 developing innovative solutions in healthcare, supply chain management, biomanufacturing, pharmaceuticals sectors, and more, the chapter also discusses the MLSecOps best practices that industry and enterprises should follow while also considering ethical responsibilities. Overall, the chapter provides a discussion of how to integrate MLSecOps into the design, deployment, and regulation of the processes in biotechnology Industry 5.0.

Suguru Otani

I investigate how explicit cartels, known as ``shipping conferences", in a global container shipping market facilitated the formation of one of the largest globally integrated markets through entry, exit, and shipbuilding investment of shipping firms. Using a novel data, I develop and construct a structural model and find that the cartels shifted shipping prices by 20-50\% and encouraged firms' entry and investment. In the counterfactual, I find that cartels would increase producer surplus while slightly decreasing consumer surplus, then may increase social welfare by encouraging firms' entry and shipbuilding investment. This would validate industry policies controlling prices and quantities in the early stage of the new industry, which may not be always harmful. Investigating hypothetical allocation rules supporting large or small firms, I find that the actual rule based on tonnage shares is the best to maximize social welfare.

Andrés Mauricio Paredes Rodríguez, Juan José Bravo Bastidas, Juan Carlos Osorio Gómez et al.

Products’ classification according to their importance has been a topic addressed by academia and industry for many years, mainly due to the great importance of this process to obtain efficient inventory policies that reduce lost sales while reducing inventory maintenance costs. This research has to perform an ABC inventory classification in a medium-sized company that sells hardware goods and construction materials, considering multiple quantitative and qualitative criteria. AHP fuzzy TOPSIS multicriteria tool was used as a methodological approach which implies the definition and initial weighting of a set of relevant criteria for the study based on the AHP fuzzy methodology, to obtain an inventory products’ importance assessment according TOPSIS technique procedure. After applying the technique, it is possible to obtain that 0.26% of the inventory was classified as highly critical. Likewise, 5.45% represents products of medium relevance to the organization. Finally, it is observed that many of the products (approximately 94%) have little or almost no impact within the company under study. This methodology was used in a practical case where some criteria were taken from the reviewed literature. In addition, the criticality criterion was used from a financial perspective.

Jay Lee, Hanqi Su

The recent emergence of large language models (LLMs) demonstrates the potential for artificial general intelligence, revealing new opportunities in Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing. However, a notable gap exists in applying these LLMs in industry, primarily due to their training on general knowledge rather than domain-specific knowledge. Such specialized domain knowledge is vital for effectively addressing the complex needs of industrial applications. To bridge this gap, this paper proposes a unified industrial large knowledge model (ILKM) framework, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize future industries. In addition, ILKMs and LLMs are compared from eight perspectives. Finally, the "6S Principle" is proposed as the guideline for ILKM development, and several potential opportunities are highlighted for ILKM deployment in Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing.