Hasil untuk "Religion (General)"

H. Koenig, Faten N. Al Zaben, D. Khalifa et al.

Martín Chicolino

El presente estudio monográfico (que se divide en dos artículos que serán publicados consecutivamente en esta revista) está dedicado a estudiar la manera en que Gilles Deleuze abordó el problema psico-político de la dominación y de la violencia psico-sexo-política masculina. Para ello, será necesario partir de la pregunta que interroga acerca de la relación genética que el Patriarcado (en tanto que mega-red de relaciones de alianzas masculinas de sexo-poder) guarda con el Estado (en tanto que forma de organizar la sociabilidad humana) y con el Capitalismo (en tanto que modo de organizar la productividad humana). Con respecto a dicha relación genética, Deleuze postulará, siguiendo al sinólogo marxista Ferenc Tökei, que ‘esclavo liberto’ (antepasado del proletario moderno) fue la personificación social masculina clave en la génesis patriarcal del Capitalismo por el Estado, siendo la explotación psico-sexual de las mujeres (prostitución) una empresa de primer orden para la comprensión de dicha génesis. Según el Esquizoanálisis, la explotación psico-sexual y libidinal es la ratio de la explotación económica y de la dominación de clase. Por eso, no podremos abordar dicha relación genética entre Patriarcado, Estado y Capital (tocante a las violencias masculinas) sin abordar, en esta «Parte I», las críticas de Deleuze/Guattari hacia Marx/Engels: esquizo-análisis ácrata (en tanto que análisis de procesos maquínicos) versus materialismo dialéctico (en tanto que análisis de procesos dialécticos). Ahora bien, ¿acaso el materialismo dialéctico resulta operativo (en la crítica y en la clínica) a la hora de comprender y de caracterizar (y de luchar contra) las violencias psico-sexuales patriarcales masculinas, como por ejemplo, la prostitución? ¿Cómo Marx, Engels, Bebel y Riazánov caracterizaron (desde el materialismo dialéctico) tanto a la prostitución, como a la prostituta, y al prostituyente? ¿No acaban incurriendo en un reduccionismo economicista y cambista (en materia sexual) que torna invisibles las causas patriarcales de la dominación y las violencias masculinas, tornándose incluso su garante insospechado “por izquierda”? Este será el problema central de la «Parte II». Nuestro concepto social de ‘Salud Mental’ depende directamente del modo de caracterizar dichos problemas psico-sexo políticos.

Anis Ernawati

Introduction: Children with special needs are often considered to be cursed. They are frequently ostracized from society thus making them feel lonely. This paper aims to help patients, especially children with special needs, find good friends through the review of current studies. Methods: This study used a descriptive quantitative method and data that was retrieved from Child and Adolescence Psychiatric Outpatients Daycare, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya with 80 children with ADHD and 160 children with ASD. Results: A common intervention used in Indonesia is applied behavior analysis (ABA), a method that trains children to have social skills such as how to communicate, interact, and express themselves in social settings. Besides personal intervention, the need for integrated care for children with special needs such as pharmacological therapy, speech and behavioral therapy, occupational therapy, and special education, is needed to support them in helping them make friends. Conclusion: To help children with special needs make friends, we can give support, appreciation, and motivation. However, children with special needs need different treatment from their peers, so special attention and understanding are needed so that children with special needs can socialize and make friends well. Keywords: Children, Special Needs, Friends, Mental Health, Loneliness

Marcelo Viktor Gilge

Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919) foi um renomado pesquisador alemão da segunda metade do século XIX e início do século XX. Parte de sua produção científica foi devotada a defender e divulgar as ideias darwinianas de modificação das espécies em seu país. Entre as ideias de Haeckel, destaca-se a Lei Biogenética Fundamental, na qual ele afirmava que os estágios de desenvolvimento pelos quais passam os embriões recapitulam a história evolutiva do filo. Para explicar essa ideia, na obra Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte (História Natural da Criação) de 1868, Haeckel utilizou ilustrações de embriões que foram alvo de críticas e acusações de fraude e plágio. Este artigo tem por objetivos analisar o uso que Ernst Haeckel fez dessas ilustrações, relatando algumas das críticas de cientistas contemporâneas e posteriores e proporcionar um material para atividades pedagógicas voltadas ao ensino de evolução biológica e desenvolvimento embrionário. Em aproximação a análises realizadas por alguns historiadores da ciência, conclui-se que Haeckel se defendeu razoavelmente e que a motivação maior das críticas era o ataque ao darwinismo.

Nik Trontelj

The article presents the meaning of the principle of separation of Church and state in the European context. Christian teaching distinguishes between the secular and the spiritual sphere. In European society, such a division is accepted, but questions about the correct relationship between the Church and the state have been arising throughout history. The Church and the state seldom lived in a peaceful coexistence, and the state often interfered with the Church and vice versa. The correct understanding of the separation of Church and state means that spiritual leaders should not act as state leaders and that state leaders should not express their opinions on spiritual and moral matters. Church and state must work together for the welfare and progress of both the entire community and the individual.

W. Hanegraaff

Part 1: Orientation: Major Trends in New Age Religion. Preliminary Demarcation of the Field - Channeling - Healing and Personal Growth - New Age Science - Neopaganism - New Age in a Restricted and in a General Sense. Part 2: Exposition: The Varieties of New Age Experience. The Nature of Reality - Meta-Empirical and Human Beings - Matters of the Mind - Death and Survival - Good and Evil - Visions of the Past - The New Age. Part 3: Interpretation: New Age Religion and Traditional Esotericism. Towards a Historical Perspective on New Age Religion - A Historical Framework - The Mirror of Secular Thought - Conclusions: The New Age Movement and the Nature of New Age Religion.

Ninfa Cardenas, Jorge Iván Parra

La narradora argentina Samanta Schweblin, perteneciente a las selecciones Granta y Bogotá 39, es autora de las novelas Kentukis, Distancia de rescate y los libros de cuentos Siete casas vacías y Pájaros en la boca. Su narrativa, por sus características, puede considerarse femenina (incluso feminista), en tanto crea universos desde la perspectiva de la mujer, en los cuales su mundo —con todos sus objetos, situaciones, roles, vivencias— se pone en evidencia y se cuestiona, incluso desde las técnicas de escritura. Este artículo ofrece una lectura del ámbito familiar construido en la narrativa de la autora argentina, los libros Distancia de rescate (2014) y Pájaros en la boca (2009), desde una voz femenina que puede considerarse parte de ese “nuevo canon” en la literatura latinoamericana.

Viviane Magno

This article offers an overview of Marilena Chaui’s reading of the <i>Tractatus Theologico-Politicus</i> (TTP). Chaui has published numerous books and essays on Baruch Spinoza. Her two-volume study <i>The Nerve of Reality</i> is the culmination of a decades-long engagement with the Dutch philosopher, and her research has been a valuable resource for generations of Latin American scholars. From this extensive output, we focus on Chaui’s main texts on the theological-political, concentrating on her analysis of the concept of superstition and the philosophical language of the TTP, which Chaui calls a “counter-discourse”. Spinoza’s enduring relevance for the interpretation of contemporary phenomena is clarified by Chaui’s analysis of the TTP, which establishes a fundamentally political understanding of superstition.

Izak J. van der Walt

Atheistic natural scientists propagate a normative materialistic view of the universe, where God as creator is superfluous. Much effort is being expended to bring into disrepute any notion of extraneous control over the laws of nature. The idea of the universe and everything in it as an ongoing ‘cosmic accident’ is presented as the only truth. This is in stark contrast to recent scientific discoveries in disciplines such as biochemistry and palaeontology. In this article, the most recent developments in the fields of intelligent design and the anthropic principle will be interrogated to demonstrate that the reformed faith in God as Creator is credible and that the notion of creation as God’s general revelation to humankind is increasingly being accepted by the natural scientific community.

Ahmad Banyasady, meysam sefidkhos, khosrow bagheri et al.

After highlighting the importance of social mission in Humboldtian university idea, this article will inquire about the relation between this mission and human agency. To do this we employ a more deduction philosophical analysis method. Clarifying the meaning of the social mission of the university, which we use here, will be the first step. According to this criterion, in the second step, we will read out the social mission of this idea. The base for this part is more the Fichte and Humboldt's texts. Finding the main elements of human agency and its relation to this idea of the university will be the main step. In this case, results show, without considering the human agency, the expansion of cultivating in society and promoting the ethical culture of a nation, will be not possible. Furthermore, it seems the main phenomenon of the human agency should be considered in the social mission of this idea, as far as we could say they are too interdependent and linked to each other. Refer to some reasons why this idea is still alive and introduce some dimensions of our society, will be present in the last section.

Alessandro Sarti, Anna Longo

Allan L. Alinea, Takahiro Kubota

Primordial cosmological perturbations are the seeds that were cultivated by inflation and the succeeding dynamical processes, eventually leading to the current Universe. In this work, we investigate the behavior of the gauge-invariant scalar and tensor perturbations under the general extended disformal transformation, namely, $g_{μν} \rightarrow A(X,Y,Z)g_{μν} + Φ_μΦ_ν$, where $X \equiv -\tfrac{1}{2}φ^{;μ}φ_{;μ}, Y \equiv φ^{;μ}X_{;μ}, Z \equiv X^{;μ}X_{;μ} $ and $Φ_μ\equiv Cφ_{;μ} + DX_{;μ}$, with $C$ and $D$ being a general functional of $(φ,X,Y,Z)$. We find that the tensor perturbation is invariant under this transformation. On the other hand, the scalar curvature perturbation receives a correction due the conformal term only; it is independent of the disformal term at least up to linear order. Within the framework of the full Horndeski theory, the correction terms turn out to depend linearly on the gauge-invariant comoving density perturbation and the first time-derivative thereof. In the superhorizon limit, all these correction terms vanish, leaving only the original scalar curvature perturbation. In other words, it is invariant under the general extended disformal transformation in the superhorizon limit, in the context of full Horndeski theory. Our work encompasses a chain of research studies on the transformation or invariance of the primordial cosmological perturbations, generalizing their results under our general extended disformal transformation.

Robert A Emmons

C. Ellison, Jinwoo Lee

Sudipta Sarkar

Black holes have often provided profound insights into the nature of gravity and the structure of space-time. The study of the mathematical properties of black objects is a major research theme of contemporary theoretical physics. This review presents a comprehensive survey of the various versions of the first law and second law of black hole mechanics in general relativity and beyond. The emphasis is to understand how these laws can constrain the physics beyond general relativity.

Daniel Blixt, Manuel Hohmann, Martin Krššák et al.

It is known that one can formulate an action in teleparallel gravity which is equivalent to general relativity, up to a boundary term. In this geometry we have vanishing curvature, and non-vanishing torsion. The action is constructed by three different contractions of torsion with specific coefficients. By allowing these coefficients to be arbitrary we get the theory which is called `new general relativity'. In this note, the Lagrangian for new general relativity is written down in ADM-variables. In order to write down the Hamiltonian we need to invert the velocities to canonical variables. However, the inversion depends on the specific combination of constraints satisfied by the theory (which depends on the coefficients in the Lagrangian). It is found that one can combine these constraints in 9 different ways to obtain non-trivial theories, each with a different inversion formula.

Stephen Brammer, G. Williams, John Zinkin

Elizabeth A. Rippentrop, E. Altmaier, Joseph J. Chen et al.

Johan Bengtsson

In 1945 Einstein concluded that [1]: "The present theory of relativity is based on a division of physical reality into a metric field (gravitation) on the one hand, and into an electromagnetic field and matter on the other hand. In reality space will probably be of a uniform character and the present theory be valid only as a limiting case. For large densities of field and of matter, the field equations and even the field variables which enter into them will have no real significance.". The dichotomy is resolved by introducing a complex Randers metric with a real valued scalar field and complex valued vector field, providing a unified mathematical framework for gravitation & electromagnetism for which the resulting theory's predictions agree with General Relativity; to leading order in the gravitational constant. Hence, the related experimental results validate both theories; and the former theory's metric solutions are free of spurious singularities, because its stress-energy tensor includes the energy & momentum for the gravitational field; like e.g. Maxwell's stress-energy tensor contains the electromagnetic field.

Francesco Cremona, Francesca Pirotta, Livio Pizzocchero

We consider the wormhole of Ellis, Bronnikov, Morris and Thorne (EBMT), arising from Einstein's equations in presence of a phantom scalar field. In this paper we propose a simplified derivation of the linear instability of this system, making comparisons with previous works on this subject (and generalizations) by Gonzalez, Guzman, Sarbach, Bronnikov, Fabris and Zhidenko.